Seawater Desalination uses hydrophobic membranes. Many techniques have been developed to improve membrane hydrophobicity by depositing particles on the membrane surface. In this study, a nanocomposite membrane utilizing Triethylenetetramine (TETA) is suggested. The membrane incorporates Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNT) in conjunction with Triethylenetetramine Dihydrochloride (TETA-DH). In water bath, different percentages of TETA-DH films are formed. Electro-spin fabrication of MWCNTs using TETA-DH yields smooth, low-pore membranes. Membranes and their characteristics are identified by contact angle, layer thickness, and conductivity measurements. Membrane performance is examined for heat flux and salt rejection. Compared to commercial membranes, the proposed membrane exhibits superior antifouling and anti-wetting features. The membrane exhibited permeation and rejection ratio of 46 Kg m2 h−1 and 99.99% respectively which is superior as compared with other membranes. The hydrophilic Surface Modifying Macromolecules percentage (LSMM%) is evaluated because it depends on average pore size, hydrophobicity, surface porosity, and shape. The tests demonstrate the excellent performance of the proposed membrane for controlling membrane fouling.
{"title":"Preparation of Nano Membranes with Triethylenetetramine Dihydrochloride (TETA-DH) and Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNT) for Seawater Desalination","authors":"Ahmed Alghamdi","doi":"10.2478/pjct-2024-0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/pjct-2024-0011","url":null,"abstract":"Seawater Desalination uses hydrophobic membranes. Many techniques have been developed to improve membrane hydrophobicity by depositing particles on the membrane surface. In this study, a nanocomposite membrane utilizing Triethylenetetramine (TETA) is suggested. The membrane incorporates Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNT) in conjunction with Triethylenetetramine Dihydrochloride (TETA-DH). In water bath, different percentages of TETA-DH films are formed. Electro-spin fabrication of MWCNTs using TETA-DH yields smooth, low-pore membranes. Membranes and their characteristics are identified by contact angle, layer thickness, and conductivity measurements. Membrane performance is examined for heat flux and salt rejection. Compared to commercial membranes, the proposed membrane exhibits superior antifouling and anti-wetting features. The membrane exhibited permeation and rejection ratio of 46 Kg m<jats:sup>2</jats:sup> h<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> and 99.99% respectively which is superior as compared with other membranes. The hydrophilic Surface Modifying Macromolecules percentage (LSMM%) is evaluated because it depends on average pore size, hydrophobicity, surface porosity, and shape. The tests demonstrate the excellent performance of the proposed membrane for controlling membrane fouling.","PeriodicalId":20324,"journal":{"name":"Polish Journal of Chemical Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141611258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ali Hussine AlSarji, Shurooq Talib Al-Humairi, Riyadh Sadeq AlMukhtar, Saja Mohsen Alardhi, Mohamed Sulyman, I.M.R. Fattah
Currently, adsorption stands as a viable technique for the effective removal of pollutants such as heavy metals from water. Within this research endeavor, adapted green algae (Coelastrella sp.) have been harnessed as a sustainable and environmentally conscious adsorbent, employed in the removal of Hg(II) ions from a simulated aqueous solution via employment of an Airlift bioreactor. The analysis of the attributes of adsorbent was conducted through the utilization of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The examination of residual concentrations of Hg(II) ions in the treated solution was accomplished through the utilization of atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). The impact of various experimental factors, including the duration of contact (ranging from 10 to 90 minutes), initial concentrations of Hg(II) ions (ranging from 500 to 2000 μg/l), quantity of adsorbent introduced (ranging from 0.1 to 0.7 g per 250 ml), temperature variations (ranging from 20 to 40 °C), and airflow velocity (ranging from 200 to 300 ml/min), was systematically examined. For the optimization of adsorption efficiency, MINITAB 18 software was employed. The equilibrium data was subjected to analysis using the Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin isotherm models. Employing the framework recommended by MINITAB 18, the optimal parameters for adsorption were identified as 2000 μg/l for initial concentration, 90 minutes for contact time, 40 °C for temperature, and 300 ml/min for airflow rate. The Langmuir equation yielded the highest adsorption capacity, measuring 750 μg/g at a temperature of 40 °C.
{"title":"Response surface methodology approach for optimization of biosorption process for removal of Hg(II) ions by immobilized Algal biomass Coelastrella sp.","authors":"Ali Hussine AlSarji, Shurooq Talib Al-Humairi, Riyadh Sadeq AlMukhtar, Saja Mohsen Alardhi, Mohamed Sulyman, I.M.R. Fattah","doi":"10.2478/pjct-2024-0019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/pjct-2024-0019","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, adsorption stands as a viable technique for the effective removal of pollutants such as heavy metals from water. Within this research endeavor, adapted green algae (<jats:italic>Coelastrella sp.</jats:italic>) have been harnessed as a sustainable and environmentally conscious adsorbent, employed in the removal of Hg(II) ions from a simulated aqueous solution via employment of an Airlift bioreactor. The analysis of the attributes of adsorbent was conducted through the utilization of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The examination of residual concentrations of Hg(II) ions in the treated solution was accomplished through the utilization of atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). The impact of various experimental factors, including the duration of contact (ranging from 10 to 90 minutes), initial concentrations of Hg(II) ions (ranging from 500 to 2000 <jats:italic>μ</jats:italic>g/l), quantity of adsorbent introduced (ranging from 0.1 to 0.7 g per 250 ml), temperature variations (ranging from 20 to 40 °C), and airflow velocity (ranging from 200 to 300 ml/min), was systematically examined. For the optimization of adsorption efficiency, MINITAB 18 software was employed. The equilibrium data was subjected to analysis using the Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin isotherm models. Employing the framework recommended by MINITAB 18, the optimal parameters for adsorption were identified as 2000 <jats:italic>μ</jats:italic>g/l for initial concentration, 90 minutes for contact time, 40 °C for temperature, and 300 ml/min for airflow rate. The Langmuir equation yielded the highest adsorption capacity, measuring 750 <jats:italic>μ</jats:italic>g/g at a temperature of 40 °C.","PeriodicalId":20324,"journal":{"name":"Polish Journal of Chemical Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141611256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohamed M. I. Afifi, Ashraf A. El-Shehawy, Fatma A. A. Ali
This study aims to optimize an economic procedure to produce biogas and bio-ethanol from different organic wastes such as sewage sludge (SS) and/or cattle dung (CD) and/or poultry manure (PM). The experiment was carried out at a wastewater treatment plant in Egypt. Each waste type was mixed with the starter, CaCO3, and water then loaded in a fermenter and kept for 35 days at 35 °C under the anaerobic digestion. The evolved volume of the biogas and the content of methane CH4 were measured daily while the cellulase and protease enzymes were tested every four days. Results have indicated that the digester containing the SS has produced the greatest biogas volume (L) 27.45 Lb/D/d (liters biogas/digester/day), 0.61 Lb/D contents’ volume/d, and cumulative 606.30 Lb/D during the 16th day. Significant CH4 volume percentages produced during the 17th day were 72.07, 71.16, and 71.11% while the produced bio-ethanol alcohol was 2.47, 2.32, and 1.99% from the SS, CD, and PM, respectively. The procedure efficiency is prominent by the production of the biogases and in-situ activating enzymes all in one reactor that was periodically monitored for its reactants and product content. No need for the pre-treatment of wastes as raw materials or chemical additives and the fermented residue can be further tested for soil fertilization. These wastes can be promising for bio-energy production being economic and environment friendly.
{"title":"Optimization of the biofuel production by idealized fermentation of the animal manure, chicken wastes, and sewage sludge","authors":"Mohamed M. I. Afifi, Ashraf A. El-Shehawy, Fatma A. A. Ali","doi":"10.2478/pjct-2024-0018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/pjct-2024-0018","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to optimize an economic procedure to produce biogas and bio-ethanol from different organic wastes such as sewage sludge (SS) and/or cattle dung (CD) and/or poultry manure (PM). The experiment was carried out at a wastewater treatment plant in Egypt. Each waste type was mixed with the starter, CaCO<jats:sub>3</jats:sub>, and water then loaded in a fermenter and kept for 35 days at 35 °C under the anaerobic digestion. The evolved volume of the biogas and the content of methane CH4 were measured daily while the cellulase and protease enzymes were tested every four days. Results have indicated that the digester containing the SS has produced the greatest biogas volume (L) 27.45 L<jats:sub>b</jats:sub>/D/d (liters biogas/digester/day), 0.61 L<jats:sub>b</jats:sub>/D contents’ volume/d, and cumulative 606.30 L<jats:sub>b</jats:sub>/D during the 16<jats:sup>th</jats:sup> day. Significant CH<jats:sub>4</jats:sub> volume percentages produced during the 17<jats:sup>th</jats:sup> day were 72.07, 71.16, and 71.11% while the produced bio-ethanol alcohol was 2.47, 2.32, and 1.99% from the SS, CD, and PM, respectively. The procedure efficiency is prominent by the production of the biogases and <jats:italic>in-situ</jats:italic> activating enzymes all in one reactor that was periodically monitored for its reactants and product content. No need for the pre-treatment of wastes as raw materials or chemical additives and the fermented residue can be further tested for soil fertilization. These wastes can be promising for bio-energy production being economic and environment friendly.","PeriodicalId":20324,"journal":{"name":"Polish Journal of Chemical Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141611310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lili Wan, Jie Yang, Xiaoru Liu, Jiayi Zhu, Gang Xu, Chenchun Hao, Xuecheng Chen, Zhengwei Xiong
A facile sol-gel procedure was employed to create refractive-index gradient SiO2 antireflective (AR) films. A monolayer film, characterized by the porous crosslinking framework, was fabricated with a designed volume ratio mixture both with colloidal silica suspension and soluble organic polysiloxane. The upper layer for the bilayer film was a hexamethylisilazane (HMDS) modified colloidal silica suspension, leading to the film surface transfer to hydrophobic. The strategic design of nanostructures in the bottom and upper layers resulted in a refractive-index gradient SiO2 film with enhanced AR properties. The bilayer film demonstrated a transmittance of 99.5% at 1064 nm, accompanied by a notable reduction in reflectivity. Moreover, the laser-induced damage threshold of the bilayer film was increased by 30%, rising to as high as 24.7 J/cm2. The SiO2 nanostructured film both showed a refractive-index gradient structure with excellent AR properties and exhibited good laser damage resistance.
我们采用了一种简便的溶胶-凝胶法来制造折射率梯度二氧化硅抗反射（AR）薄膜。采用胶体二氧化硅悬浮液和可溶性有机聚硅氧烷的设计体积比混合物制备了以多孔交联框架为特征的单层薄膜。双层膜的上层是六甲基异硅氮烷（HMDS）改性胶体二氧化硅悬浮液，从而使薄膜表面转为疏水性。通过对底层和上层纳米结构的策略性设计，形成了具有增强 AR 特性的折射率梯度二氧化硅薄膜。双层薄膜在 1064 纳米波长下的透过率达到 99.5%，同时反射率显著降低。此外，双层薄膜的激光诱导损伤阈值提高了 30%，高达 24.7 J/cm2。二氧化硅纳米结构薄膜既呈现出折射率梯度结构，具有优异的 AR 特性，又表现出良好的抗激光损伤能力。
{"title":"Enhanced antireflective and laser damage resistance of refractive-index gradient SiO2 nanostructured films at 1064 nm","authors":"Lili Wan, Jie Yang, Xiaoru Liu, Jiayi Zhu, Gang Xu, Chenchun Hao, Xuecheng Chen, Zhengwei Xiong","doi":"10.2478/pjct-2024-0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/pjct-2024-0014","url":null,"abstract":"A facile sol-gel procedure was employed to create refractive-index gradient SiO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> antireflective (AR) films. A monolayer film, characterized by the porous crosslinking framework, was fabricated with a designed volume ratio mixture both with colloidal silica suspension and soluble organic polysiloxane. The upper layer for the bilayer film was a hexamethylisilazane (HMDS) modified colloidal silica suspension, leading to the film surface transfer to hydrophobic. The strategic design of nanostructures in the bottom and upper layers resulted in a refractive-index gradient SiO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> film with enhanced AR properties. The bilayer film demonstrated a transmittance of 99.5% at 1064 nm, accompanied by a notable reduction in reflectivity. Moreover, the laser-induced damage threshold of the bilayer film was increased by 30%, rising to as high as 24.7 J/cm<jats:sup>2</jats:sup>. The SiO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> nanostructured film both showed a refractive-index gradient structure with excellent AR properties and exhibited good laser damage resistance.","PeriodicalId":20324,"journal":{"name":"Polish Journal of Chemical Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141611255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Li-Jie Li, Qing-Ling Han, Wen-Jie Feng, Zhan-Peng Wang, Hong-Hua Li
Solvothermal reactions of Ba(NO3)2 with 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid gave rise to a new coordination polymer of [Ba6(BTC)4(H2O)9]}n (1 H3BTC = benzenetricarboxylic acid). The complex 1 was characterized soundly by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, elemental analysis (EA), single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SCXRD), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The framework of 1 has high thermal stability and shows intense luminescence at room temperature. Hyaluronic acid (HA) and carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) have good biocompatibility, based on the chemical synthesis method, the HA/CMCS hydrogel was prepared. With exosomes as drug models, we further synthesized novel exosome-loaded metal gel particles and evaluated their effects on oxidative stress in human dermal fibroblasts.
{"title":"Exosome-hydrogels loaded with metal-organic framework improve skin aging by inhibiting oxidative stress","authors":"Li-Jie Li, Qing-Ling Han, Wen-Jie Feng, Zhan-Peng Wang, Hong-Hua Li","doi":"10.2478/pjct-2024-0017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/pjct-2024-0017","url":null,"abstract":"Solvothermal reactions of Ba(NO<jats:sub>3</jats:sub>)<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> with 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid gave rise to a new coordination polymer of [Ba<jats:sub>6</jats:sub>(BTC)<jats:sub>4</jats:sub>(H<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>O)<jats:sub>9</jats:sub>]}n (1 H3BTC = benzenetricarboxylic acid). The complex 1 was characterized soundly by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, elemental analysis (EA), single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SCXRD), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The framework of 1 has high thermal stability and shows intense luminescence at room temperature. Hyaluronic acid (HA) and carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) have good biocompatibility, based on the chemical synthesis method, the HA/CMCS hydrogel was prepared. With exosomes as drug models, we further synthesized novel exosome-loaded metal gel particles and evaluated their effects on oxidative stress in human dermal fibroblasts.","PeriodicalId":20324,"journal":{"name":"Polish Journal of Chemical Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141611260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this study, HCl and H2SO4 were used to compare the best conditions for producing glucosamine from the dry chitin of shrimp shells. The results showed that for HCl hydrolysis, the most favored conditions were 12 M, 80 °C, 2 hours, and a chitin-to-acid volume ratio of 1:20, whereas, for H2SO4 hydrolysis, the most favored conditions were 6 M, 90 °C, 5 hours, and a chitin to acid volume ratio of 1:20. HCl produced pured glucosamine with a higher yield than H2SO4. Additionally, our findings indicated that glucosamine could be detected using a UV detector with a weak signal, whereas we recommended using an RI detector for a comparably stronger signal. Our production maximum yield of 283.9 ± 13.8 mg Gln g−1 chitin from HCl hydrolysis was comparable to that of other studies, with a comparison between using HCl and H2SO4 being highlighted.
{"title":"Hydrochloric acid producing higher purity of glucosamine than sulfuric acid: a comparison study with different detection approaches","authors":"Yosita Kornrawudaphikasama, Natwikar Laokua, Nutnicha Rittiyan, Rachaneekorn Klinsalee, Yothawut Tonawut, Nathanan Preechaphonkul, Narongwit Pikulthong, Cherdsak Maneeruttanarungroj","doi":"10.2478/pjct-2024-0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/pjct-2024-0012","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, HCl and H<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>SO<jats:sub>4</jats:sub> were used to compare the best conditions for producing glucosamine from the dry chitin of shrimp shells. The results showed that for HCl hydrolysis, the most favored conditions were 12 M, 80 °C, 2 hours, and a chitin-to-acid volume ratio of 1:20, whereas, for H<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>SO<jats:sub>4</jats:sub> hydrolysis, the most favored conditions were 6 M, 90 °C, 5 hours, and a chitin to acid volume ratio of 1:20. HCl produced pured glucosamine with a higher yield than H<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>SO<jats:sub>4</jats:sub>. Additionally, our findings indicated that glucosamine could be detected using a UV detector with a weak signal, whereas we recommended using an RI detector for a comparably stronger signal. Our production maximum yield of 283.9 ± 13.8 mg Gln g<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> chitin from HCl hydrolysis was comparable to that of other studies, with a comparison between using HCl and H<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>SO<jats:sub>4</jats:sub> being highlighted.","PeriodicalId":20324,"journal":{"name":"Polish Journal of Chemical Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141611257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Naveed ul Haq, Muhammad Liaquat, Muhammad Jahangir, Abid Khan, Ayaz Ali Khan, Taqweem ul Haq, Tariq Aziz, Metab Alharbi
Citronellyl acetate is a crucial component of flavor and fragrance in the food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical sectors. In non-aqueous media, it can be successfully produced via lipase catalysis. This study focuses on the lipase-catalyzed trans-esterification of citronellol alcohol with geranyl acetate ester in a non-aqueous medium to produce citronellyl acetate. For the synthesis of citronellyl acetate, crude acetone powders isolated from several plant seedlings of black cumin, fenugreek, coriander, flax, and rape seed were examined for lipase activity. Black cumin seedling lipase had the highest level of citronella acetate production with a yield of 76.32% in 72 h of reaction time. To assess the impact of different reaction parameters on citronellyl acetate production in organic solvents, hexane was chosen as the best solvent, and black cumin seedling lipase was selected as the best biocatalyst. The highest conversion yield of ester (76.32%) was found when 0.25 M of geraniol acetate and 0.25 M of citronellol reacted at 41 oC after 72 h in the presence of 0.25 g of seedling lipase enzyme in n-hexane. It has been determined that crude black cumin seedling lipase is inexpensive yet effective and has the potential to be used industrially for the synthesis of terpene esters.
乙酸香茅酯是食品、化妆品和医药领域香精香料的重要成分。在非水介质中，可以通过脂肪酶催化成功生产这种物质。本研究的重点是在非水介质中，通过脂肪酶催化香茅醇与乙酸香叶酯的反酯化反应，生成乙酸香茅酯。为了合成乙酸香茅酯，研究人员对从黑小茴香、葫芦巴、芫荽、亚麻和油菜籽等几种植物幼苗中分离出来的丙酮粗粉进行了脂肪酶活性检测。在 72 小时的反应时间内，黑小茴香幼苗脂肪酶的乙酸香茅酯产量最高，达到 76.32%。为了评估不同反应参数对有机溶剂中乙酸香茅酯生产的影响，选择正己烷作为最佳溶剂，并选择黑小茴香幼苗脂肪酶作为最佳生物催化剂。当 0.25 M 乙酸香叶醇和 0.25 M 香茅醇在 41 oC 温度下反应 72 小时后，在 0.25 克幼苗脂肪酶在正己烷中存在的情况下，酯的转化率最高（76.32%）。研究结果表明，粗制黑小茴香幼苗脂肪酶价格低廉但效果显著，具有在工业上用于合成萜烯酯的潜力。
{"title":"Enzymatic synthesis and parameters affecting on citronellyl acetate ester by trans-esterification reaction","authors":"Naveed ul Haq, Muhammad Liaquat, Muhammad Jahangir, Abid Khan, Ayaz Ali Khan, Taqweem ul Haq, Tariq Aziz, Metab Alharbi","doi":"10.2478/pjct-2024-0024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/pjct-2024-0024","url":null,"abstract":"Citronellyl acetate is a crucial component of flavor and fragrance in the food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical sectors. In non-aqueous media, it can be successfully produced via lipase catalysis. This study focuses on the lipase-catalyzed trans-esterification of citronellol alcohol with geranyl acetate ester in a non-aqueous medium to produce citronellyl acetate. For the synthesis of citronellyl acetate, crude acetone powders isolated from several plant seedlings of black cumin, fenugreek, coriander, flax, and rape seed were examined for lipase activity. Black cumin seedling lipase had the highest level of citronella acetate production with a yield of 76.32% in 72 h of reaction time. To assess the impact of different reaction parameters on citronellyl acetate production in organic solvents, hexane was chosen as the best solvent, and black cumin seedling lipase was selected as the best biocatalyst. The highest conversion yield of ester (76.32%) was found when 0.25 M of geraniol acetate and 0.25 M of citronellol reacted at 41 <jats:sup>o</jats:sup>C after 72 h in the presence of 0.25 g of seedling lipase enzyme in n-hexane. It has been determined that crude black cumin seedling lipase is inexpensive yet effective and has the potential to be used industrially for the synthesis of terpene esters.","PeriodicalId":20324,"journal":{"name":"Polish Journal of Chemical Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141528677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ghaferah H. Al-Hazmi, Vidyagayatri Marrakkur, Lohit Naik, Moamen S. Refat
In this study, we successfully synthesized a pyrazole derivative, specifically 4-phenylpiperidin-4-ol substituted pyrazole (CHP), through the reaction of Grignard reagents in combination with pyrazole. This newly synthesized molecule was subjected to a comprehensive evaluation for both its photophysical and biological applications. Notably, CHP exhibited promising invitro antifungal and antibacterial activities, primarily attributed to the presence of the 4-phenylpiperidin-4-ol moiety and resulting component contributed to an enhanced absorption rate of lipids, thereby improving the pharmacological activity of CHP. This correlation between structure and function was further supported by the outcomes of structure-activity relationship studies. Additionally, we conducted in silico studies to examine the molecular interactions of the synthesized molecule with key proteins, including DNA Gyrase, Lanosterol 14 α-demethylase, and KEAP1-NRF2. The results unveiled robust binding interactions at specific sites within these proteins, indicating potential therapeutic relevance. Furthermore, the photophysical properties of the synthesized compounds were thoroughly investigated using the ab-initio technique. This involved the determination of ground state optimization and HOMO-LUMO energy levels, all calculated with the DFT-B3LYP-6-31G(d) basis set. The assessment of the theoretically estimated HOMO-LUMO value provided insights into the global chemical reactivity descriptors, revealing that the synthesized molecule boasts a highly electronegative and electrophilic index. Taken together, our findings suggest that pyrazole derivatives with 4-phenylpiperidin-4-ol substitutions exhibit promising applications in both photophysical and biological contexts.
{"title":"Synthesis and Multifaceted Exploration of 4-Phenylpiperidin-4-ol Substituted Pyrazole: Photophysical Insights with Biological Activity","authors":"Ghaferah H. Al-Hazmi, Vidyagayatri Marrakkur, Lohit Naik, Moamen S. Refat","doi":"10.2478/pjct-2024-0023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/pjct-2024-0023","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we successfully synthesized a pyrazole derivative, specifically 4-phenylpiperidin-4-ol substituted pyrazole (CHP), through the reaction of Grignard reagents in combination with pyrazole. This newly synthesized molecule was subjected to a comprehensive evaluation for both its photophysical and biological applications. Notably, CHP exhibited promising <jats:italic>invitro</jats:italic> antifungal and antibacterial activities, primarily attributed to the presence of the 4-phenylpiperidin-4-ol moiety and resulting component contributed to an enhanced absorption rate of lipids, thereby improving the pharmacological activity of CHP. This correlation between structure and function was further supported by the outcomes of structure-activity relationship studies. Additionally, we conducted <jats:italic>in silico</jats:italic> studies to examine the molecular interactions of the synthesized molecule with key proteins, including DNA Gyrase, Lanosterol 14 <jats:italic>α</jats:italic>-demethylase, and KEAP1-NRF2. The results unveiled robust binding interactions at specific sites within these proteins, indicating potential therapeutic relevance. Furthermore, the photophysical properties of the synthesized compounds were thoroughly investigated using the <jats:italic>ab-initio</jats:italic> technique. This involved the determination of ground state optimization and HOMO-LUMO energy levels, all calculated with the DFT-B3LYP-6-31G(d) basis set. The assessment of the theoretically estimated HOMO-LUMO value provided insights into the global chemical reactivity descriptors, revealing that the synthesized molecule boasts a highly electronegative and electrophilic index. Taken together, our findings suggest that pyrazole derivatives with 4-phenylpiperidin-4-ol substitutions exhibit promising applications in both photophysical and biological contexts.","PeriodicalId":20324,"journal":{"name":"Polish Journal of Chemical Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141529767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A lot of research is constantly underway in the world to develop new or improve the current processes of the chemical industry to make them more effective and environmentally friendly. The described research on the oxidation of cyclohexane or cyclohexanone to adipic acid with a coupled action of UV radiation and oxygen–ozone mixture, instead of the currently used oxidation with HNO3, is part of this trend. Gas chromatography was used to determine process indicators, such as cyclohexane conversion and selectivity to AA, which exceeded 50% at 25 oC, after 16 h. This method can also be used for the preparation of other dicarboxylic acids from cycloalkanes, which proves its universal character.
世界上有许多研究都在不断开发新的或改进现有的化工工艺，使其更加有效和环保。所描述的关于利用紫外线辐射和氧-臭氧混合物的耦合作用将环己烷或环己酮氧化成己二酸（而不是目前使用的 HNO3 氧化法）的研究正是这一趋势的一部分。气相色谱法用于确定工艺指标，如环己烷的转化率和对 AA 的选择性，在 25 oC 温度下，16 h 后的转化率超过 50%。
{"title":"Coupled action of ozone and UV radiation towards obtaining adipic acid from cyclohexane/one","authors":"Adam A. Marek, Dawid Lisicki","doi":"10.2478/pjct-2024-0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/pjct-2024-0010","url":null,"abstract":"A lot of research is constantly underway in the world to develop new or improve the current processes of the chemical industry to make them more effective and environmentally friendly. The described research on the oxidation of cyclohexane or cyclohexanone to adipic acid with a coupled action of UV radiation and oxygen–ozone mixture, instead of the currently used oxidation with HNO<jats:sub>3</jats:sub>, is part of this trend. Gas chromatography was used to determine process indicators, such as cyclohexane conversion and selectivity to AA, which exceeded 50% at 25 <jats:sup>o</jats:sup>C, after 16 h. This method can also be used for the preparation of other dicarboxylic acids from cycloalkanes, which proves its universal character.","PeriodicalId":20324,"journal":{"name":"Polish Journal of Chemical Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140577628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tomasz Aleksandrzak, Kamila Zabielska, Elżbieta Gabruś
The paper presents the results of experimental and model studies of the pressure swing adsorption (PSA) process in a column with a zeolite 13X bed with a height of 0.5 m. The gas mixture consisted of CO2 (10–20%), N2, and H2O (RH 50%) in different ratios. As a result of the column tests, concentration, and temperature evolutions were obtained for each of the adsorption and desorption stages, which were used to determine the breakthrough and bed saturation times and other parameters important for the analysis of the column operation. A mathematical model of the PSA process for the separation of CO2 from the gas mixture was developed. The system of second-order partial differential equations was solved using Matlab software. The research focuses on adsorptive CO2 capture and shows the influence of water vapor and operational parameters on the quality of model validation.
{"title":"Modeling and experimental studies of carbon dioxide separation on zeolite fixed bed by cyclic pressure swing adsorption","authors":"Tomasz Aleksandrzak, Kamila Zabielska, Elżbieta Gabruś","doi":"10.2478/pjct-2024-0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/pjct-2024-0002","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents the results of experimental and model studies of the pressure swing adsorption (PSA) process in a column with a zeolite 13X bed with a height of 0.5 m. The gas mixture consisted of CO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> (10–20%), N<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>, and H<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>O (RH 50%) in different ratios. As a result of the column tests, concentration, and temperature evolutions were obtained for each of the adsorption and desorption stages, which were used to determine the breakthrough and bed saturation times and other parameters important for the analysis of the column operation. A mathematical model of the PSA process for the separation of CO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> from the gas mixture was developed. The system of second-order partial differential equations was solved using Matlab software. The research focuses on adsorptive CO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> capture and shows the influence of water vapor and operational parameters on the quality of model validation.","PeriodicalId":20324,"journal":{"name":"Polish Journal of Chemical Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140577624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：