Pub Date : 2023-06-12DOI: 10.1080/15583724.2023.2220024
Arit Das, J. Bryant, C. Williams, M. Bortner
Abstract Polyolefin-based thermoplastics such as polyethylene and polypropylene constitute a major fraction of the polymers employed in commodity applications due to their ease of processability, durability, and economic viability. Additive manufacturing (AM) of polyolefins offers both a viable path toward functional prototyping of design concepts and direct manufacturing of end-use parts. Melt-based AM of polyolefins is more challenging than other semicrystalline polymers (polyamides) due to the relatively high levels of volumetric shrinkage encountered during crystallization of such polymers that lead to significant issues related to warpage and interlayer adhesion. The focus of this review is to evaluate the latest state-of-the-art for processing polyolefins by powder bed fusion (PBF) and material extrusion (MatEx) AM modalities. Recent progress in processing neat, filled, and blends of polyolefins using PBF and MatEx are discussed to highlight the importance of the rheological and morphological characteristics of the polymer melt on the printed parts performance. The existing challenges to AM of polyolefins are emphasized and strategies to address the limitations are recommended through a better understanding of the associated process-structure-property relationships. A holistic approach spanning synthetic modifications for feedstock development, improved system design, and physics-guided process parameter selection is required to broadly adopt melt-based AM of polyolefins.
{"title":"Melt-Based Additive Manufacturing of Polyolefins Using Material Extrusion and Powder Bed Fusion","authors":"Arit Das, J. Bryant, C. Williams, M. Bortner","doi":"10.1080/15583724.2023.2220024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15583724.2023.2220024","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Polyolefin-based thermoplastics such as polyethylene and polypropylene constitute a major fraction of the polymers employed in commodity applications due to their ease of processability, durability, and economic viability. Additive manufacturing (AM) of polyolefins offers both a viable path toward functional prototyping of design concepts and direct manufacturing of end-use parts. Melt-based AM of polyolefins is more challenging than other semicrystalline polymers (polyamides) due to the relatively high levels of volumetric shrinkage encountered during crystallization of such polymers that lead to significant issues related to warpage and interlayer adhesion. The focus of this review is to evaluate the latest state-of-the-art for processing polyolefins by powder bed fusion (PBF) and material extrusion (MatEx) AM modalities. Recent progress in processing neat, filled, and blends of polyolefins using PBF and MatEx are discussed to highlight the importance of the rheological and morphological characteristics of the polymer melt on the printed parts performance. The existing challenges to AM of polyolefins are emphasized and strategies to address the limitations are recommended through a better understanding of the associated process-structure-property relationships. A holistic approach spanning synthetic modifications for feedstock development, improved system design, and physics-guided process parameter selection is required to broadly adopt melt-based AM of polyolefins.","PeriodicalId":20326,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Reviews","volume":"249 1","pages":"895 - 960"},"PeriodicalIF":13.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76990113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-07DOI: 10.1080/15583724.2023.2220041
Andrew Kim, Nicole Alexandra Wert, E. B. Gowd, R. Patel
Abstract This review discusses advances in polyethylene glycol-based composite phase change materials (PCMs) for thermal energy storage (TES) and thermal regulation. PCMs utilize latent heat storage, absorbing and releasing energy during phase transitions within specific temperature ranges. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) is a promising organic PCM due to its easily tunable phase change temperatures, high melting/freezing enthalpies, and nontoxicity, among other advantages. However, PEG suffers from low thermal conductivity and requires encapsulation to contain the flow of liquified PEG. To address these issues, PEG has been composited with thermally conductive fillers and porous materials. Moreover, PEG has been modified to have enhanced photothermal conversion efficiency, decreased supercooling, and flame resistance. This review discusses exemplary developments in PEG-based composite PCMs, focusing on blending with different polymers, doping with various carbon materials (porous carbons, graphene, and carbon nanotubes), embedding into silica-based skeletons, and synergizing with other promising hosts and additives like layered doubled hydroxides, MXenes, and metal-organic frameworks. This work highlights key studies focused on implementing PEG-based PCMs in building, pavement, electronic, textile, solar, and waste heat recovery applications. The consequences of different synthesis parameters and their effects on the composite PCM’s thermal transition properties are emphasized among the other results. Graphical Abstract
{"title":"Recent Progress in PEG-Based Composite Phase Change Materials","authors":"Andrew Kim, Nicole Alexandra Wert, E. B. Gowd, R. Patel","doi":"10.1080/15583724.2023.2220041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15583724.2023.2220041","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This review discusses advances in polyethylene glycol-based composite phase change materials (PCMs) for thermal energy storage (TES) and thermal regulation. PCMs utilize latent heat storage, absorbing and releasing energy during phase transitions within specific temperature ranges. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) is a promising organic PCM due to its easily tunable phase change temperatures, high melting/freezing enthalpies, and nontoxicity, among other advantages. However, PEG suffers from low thermal conductivity and requires encapsulation to contain the flow of liquified PEG. To address these issues, PEG has been composited with thermally conductive fillers and porous materials. Moreover, PEG has been modified to have enhanced photothermal conversion efficiency, decreased supercooling, and flame resistance. This review discusses exemplary developments in PEG-based composite PCMs, focusing on blending with different polymers, doping with various carbon materials (porous carbons, graphene, and carbon nanotubes), embedding into silica-based skeletons, and synergizing with other promising hosts and additives like layered doubled hydroxides, MXenes, and metal-organic frameworks. This work highlights key studies focused on implementing PEG-based PCMs in building, pavement, electronic, textile, solar, and waste heat recovery applications. The consequences of different synthesis parameters and their effects on the composite PCM’s thermal transition properties are emphasized among the other results. Graphical Abstract","PeriodicalId":20326,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Reviews","volume":"9 1","pages":"1078 - 1129"},"PeriodicalIF":13.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72939059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-06DOI: 10.1080/15583724.2023.2220131
Shofarul Wustoni, D. Ohayon, Angga Hermawan, A. Nuruddin, S. Inal, Y. S. Indartono, B. Yuliarto
{"title":"Material Design and Characterization of Conducting Polymer-Based Supercapacitors","authors":"Shofarul Wustoni, D. Ohayon, Angga Hermawan, A. Nuruddin, S. Inal, Y. S. Indartono, B. Yuliarto","doi":"10.1080/15583724.2023.2220131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15583724.2023.2220131","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20326,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Reviews","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84412425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-05DOI: 10.1080/15583724.2023.2220018
W. Gao, Qiyuan Tu, Ping Wang, J. Zeng, Jinpeng Li, Bin Wang, Junxin Xu, Ke-fu Chen, Zhen Zhang, N. Abidi, L. Lucia
{"title":"Conductive Polymer/Nanocellulose Composites as a Functional Platform for Electronic Devices: A Mini-Review","authors":"W. Gao, Qiyuan Tu, Ping Wang, J. Zeng, Jinpeng Li, Bin Wang, Junxin Xu, Ke-fu Chen, Zhen Zhang, N. Abidi, L. Lucia","doi":"10.1080/15583724.2023.2220018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15583724.2023.2220018","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20326,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Reviews","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84797144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-21DOI: 10.1080/15583724.2023.2181819
Zhuoqun Wang, Antoine Debuigne
Abstract Synthetic polymers sustain a wide range of applications but the quest for further sophistication and functionalization of polymers remains topical to improve their scope and performance. In this respect, the radical polymerization of exo-methylene heterocyclic compounds (MHCs) is attractive. Compared to the classical acyclic vinyl monomers constrained to the vinyl-type polymerization process, MHCs can undergo different polymerization modes, namely the radical ring-retaining polymerization (rRRP) and the radical ring-opening polymerization (rROP). In rRRP, the cyclic group is preserved and inserted as side group of the polymer backbone offering a myriad of post-polymerization modifications whereas functional groups are incorporated within the backbone of linear polymers and confer them some degradability in rROP. Herein, recent advances in the radical polymerization of MHCs as well as the variety of macromolecular structures and applications it offers are highlighted. The reversible deactivation radical polymerization of MHCs leading to well-defined MHC-based macromolecular architectures, including multifunctional, stimuli-responsive and degradable polymers, is also discussed. The review emphasizes the current limitations of the radical polymerization of MHCs as well as future prospects including the development of innovative bio-based MHCs. Overall, the radical polymerization of MCHs represents a powerful macromolecular engineering tool and a broad field of exploration for polymer chemists. Graphical Abstract
{"title":"Radical Polymerization of Methylene Heterocyclic Compounds: Functional Polymer Synthesis and Applications","authors":"Zhuoqun Wang, Antoine Debuigne","doi":"10.1080/15583724.2023.2181819","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15583724.2023.2181819","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Synthetic polymers sustain a wide range of applications but the quest for further sophistication and functionalization of polymers remains topical to improve their scope and performance. In this respect, the radical polymerization of exo-methylene heterocyclic compounds (MHCs) is attractive. Compared to the classical acyclic vinyl monomers constrained to the vinyl-type polymerization process, MHCs can undergo different polymerization modes, namely the radical ring-retaining polymerization (rRRP) and the radical ring-opening polymerization (rROP). In rRRP, the cyclic group is preserved and inserted as side group of the polymer backbone offering a myriad of post-polymerization modifications whereas functional groups are incorporated within the backbone of linear polymers and confer them some degradability in rROP. Herein, recent advances in the radical polymerization of MHCs as well as the variety of macromolecular structures and applications it offers are highlighted. The reversible deactivation radical polymerization of MHCs leading to well-defined MHC-based macromolecular architectures, including multifunctional, stimuli-responsive and degradable polymers, is also discussed. The review emphasizes the current limitations of the radical polymerization of MHCs as well as future prospects including the development of innovative bio-based MHCs. Overall, the radical polymerization of MCHs represents a powerful macromolecular engineering tool and a broad field of exploration for polymer chemists. Graphical Abstract","PeriodicalId":20326,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Reviews","volume":"11 1","pages":"805 - 851"},"PeriodicalIF":13.1,"publicationDate":"2023-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78664708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-13DOI: 10.1080/15583724.2023.2178008
Lei Guo, Junting Xu, B. Du
{"title":"Self-assembly of ABCBA Linear Pentablock Terpolymers","authors":"Lei Guo, Junting Xu, B. Du","doi":"10.1080/15583724.2023.2178008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15583724.2023.2178008","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20326,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Reviews","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.1,"publicationDate":"2023-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77783931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-12DOI: 10.1080/15583724.2023.2174136
D. Guseva, M. K. Glagolev, A. Lazutin, V. Vasilevskaya
{"title":"Revealing Structural and Physical Properties of Polylactide: What Simulation Can Do beyond the Experimental Methods","authors":"D. Guseva, M. K. Glagolev, A. Lazutin, V. Vasilevskaya","doi":"10.1080/15583724.2023.2174136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15583724.2023.2174136","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20326,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Reviews","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.1,"publicationDate":"2023-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80263720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-10DOI: 10.1080/15583724.2023.2176514
Tan Zhang, Gu Xu, F. Blum
Abstract This review highlights the effectiveness and robust nature of eco-friendly room-temperature polymerization initiated in emulsions, and some of its applications in polymer and materials science. The polymerization in emulsions initiated through a thermal or redox approach can be safely conducted under ambient conditions without using other hazardous chemicals. Thermal initiators decompose efficiently at the surfactant-stabilized oil–water interfaces at room temperature. The interface-induced initiation is found to be somewhat independent of surfactant type, insensitive to oxygen, and works for several thermal initiators. Redox initiators without transition metal compounds also effectively initiate room-temperature polymerization in emulsions. With the assistance of room temperature initiation, the polymers synthesized at room temperature are of high molecular mass. In addition, room-temperature polymerization allows temperature-sensitive molecules, for example, proteins and enzymes, to be incorporated with the polymers in situ. The applications of room-temperature polymerization in high internal phase emulsions and biomedicine are also discussed. The initiation of radicals from oil–water interfaces or transition metal-free redox systems is a promising eco-friendly method to promote radical reactions at room temperature. Graphic Abstract
{"title":"Eco-Friendly Room-Temperature Polymerization in Emulsions and Beyond","authors":"Tan Zhang, Gu Xu, F. Blum","doi":"10.1080/15583724.2023.2176514","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15583724.2023.2176514","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This review highlights the effectiveness and robust nature of eco-friendly room-temperature polymerization initiated in emulsions, and some of its applications in polymer and materials science. The polymerization in emulsions initiated through a thermal or redox approach can be safely conducted under ambient conditions without using other hazardous chemicals. Thermal initiators decompose efficiently at the surfactant-stabilized oil–water interfaces at room temperature. The interface-induced initiation is found to be somewhat independent of surfactant type, insensitive to oxygen, and works for several thermal initiators. Redox initiators without transition metal compounds also effectively initiate room-temperature polymerization in emulsions. With the assistance of room temperature initiation, the polymers synthesized at room temperature are of high molecular mass. In addition, room-temperature polymerization allows temperature-sensitive molecules, for example, proteins and enzymes, to be incorporated with the polymers in situ. The applications of room-temperature polymerization in high internal phase emulsions and biomedicine are also discussed. The initiation of radicals from oil–water interfaces or transition metal-free redox systems is a promising eco-friendly method to promote radical reactions at room temperature. Graphic Abstract","PeriodicalId":20326,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Reviews","volume":"49 1","pages":"852 - 865"},"PeriodicalIF":13.1,"publicationDate":"2023-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86627209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}