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Measurement of Immersive Technology for Historic Scenes 历史场景沉浸式技术的测量
Pub Date : 2014-10-06 DOI: 10.2312/gch.20141309
John McCaffery, Alan Miller, Iain Oliver
This paper investigates the creation of historic scenes through engagement with community archaeology and historical investigation. The approach presented here enables both tangible and intangible culture to be explored through the proxy of an avatar controlled by a user. This gives rise to an engaging and interactive experience. Through utilising and developing a flexible open source software infrastructure the historic scenes may be deployed in a range of of scenarios: over the Internet, in mobile multi user exhibitions suitable for public events, as an immersive museum installation and through on site cross reality exploration. The use of commodity hardware, open source and open standards underpins a collaborative creative process that enables the deployment of installations which articulate interpretations relevant to the locality. This in turn encourages a sense of ownership and dynamic engagement with cultural heritage. A measurement study of the quality of experience delivered by virtual world systems reveals the client as the critical system component. System performance and the quality of presentation measurements provide system insights which enable user experience to be improved.
本文通过参与社区考古和历史调查来研究历史场景的创造。这里提出的方法可以通过用户控制的化身代理来探索有形和无形的文化。这就产生了一种引人入胜的互动体验。通过利用和开发灵活的开源软件基础设施,历史场景可以部署在一系列场景中:在互联网上,在适合公共活动的移动多用户展览中,作为沉浸式博物馆装置,并通过现场跨现实探索。商用硬件、开放源码和开放标准的使用支撑了一个协作的创造性过程,使部署的装置能够清晰地表达与当地相关的解释。这反过来又鼓励了主人翁意识和对文化遗产的积极参与。一项对虚拟世界系统提供的体验质量的测量研究表明,客户端是关键的系统组成部分。系统性能和表示度量的质量提供了能够改进用户体验的系统洞察力。
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引用次数: 3
CultLab3D - On the Verge of 3D Mass Digitization CultLab3D -在3D大规模数字化的边缘
Pub Date : 2014-10-06 DOI: 10.2312/gch.20141305
Pedro Santos, M. Ritz, R. Tausch, H. Schmedt, Rafael Monroy, A. D. Stefano, Oliver Posniak, C. Fuhrmann, D. Fellner
Acquisition of 3D geometry, texture and optical material properties of real objects still consumes a considerable amount of time, and forces humans to dedicate their full attention to this process. We propose CultLab3D, an automatic modular 3D digitization pipeline, aiming for efficient mass digitization of 3D geometry, texture, and optical material properties. CultLab3D requires minimal human intervention and reduces processing time to a fraction of today's efforts for manual digitization. The final step in our digitization workflow involves the integration of the digital object into enduring 3D Cultural Heritage Collections together with the available semantic information related to the object. In addition, a software tool facilitates virtual, location-independent analysis and publication of the virtual surrogates of the objects, and encourages collaboration between scientists all around the world. The pipeline is designed in a modular fashion and allows for further extensions to incorporate newer technologies. For instance, by switching scanning heads, it is possible to acquire coarser or more refined 3D geometry.
获取真实物体的三维几何、纹理和光学材料属性仍然消耗相当多的时间,并迫使人类将全部注意力投入到这一过程中。我们提出CultLab3D,一个自动模块化的三维数字化管道,旨在有效地大规模数字化三维几何,纹理和光学材料的性质。CultLab3D需要最少的人为干预,并将处理时间减少到今天人工数字化工作的一小部分。我们数字化工作流程的最后一步涉及将数字对象集成到持久的3D文化遗产馆藏中,以及与该对象相关的可用语义信息。此外,一个软件工具促进了虚拟的、与位置无关的对象的虚拟替代品的分析和发布,并鼓励世界各地的科学家之间的合作。该管道以模块化方式设计,并允许进一步扩展以合并新技术。例如,通过切换扫描头,可以获得更粗糙或更精细的3D几何形状。
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引用次数: 31
Digital Fabrication Technologies for Cultural Heritage (STAR) 文物数码制作技术(STAR)
Pub Date : 2014-10-06 DOI: 10.2312/gch.20141306
Roberto Scopigno, Paolo Cignoni, N. Pietroni, M. Callieri, M. Dellepiane
Digital Fabrication technologies exploit a variety of basic technologies to create tangible reproductions of 3D digital models. Even though current 3D printing pipelines still suffer of several restrictions, the reproduction accuracy has gradually reached an excellent level. Thanks to this advancement, the interests of manufacturing industry with respect to 3D printing techniques has significantly grown during the last decade. However, digital fabrication techniques have been demonstrated to be effective also in other contexts, such as medical applications and Cultural Heritage (CH). The goal of this survey paper is to introduce briefly the different fabrication technologies, to discuss some successful utilization of 3D printing in the CH domain and, finally, to review the work done so far to extend fabrication technology capabilities to cope with the specific issues that characterize the usage of digital fabrication in the CH domain.
数字制造技术利用各种基本技术来创建三维数字模型的有形复制品。尽管目前的3D打印管道还受到一些限制,但复制精度已经逐渐达到了一个优秀的水平。由于这一进步,制造业对3D打印技术的兴趣在过去十年中显著增长。然而,数字制造技术已被证明在其他情况下也是有效的,例如医疗应用和文化遗产(CH)。本调查报告的目的是简要介绍不同的制造技术,讨论3D打印在CH领域的一些成功应用,最后回顾迄今为止所做的工作,以扩展制造技术能力,以应对CH领域数字制造使用的具体问题。
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引用次数: 46
Motion Analysis for Folk Dance Evaluation 民间舞评价的动作分析
Pub Date : 2014-10-06 DOI: 10.2312/gch.20141304
A. Aristidou, E. Stavrakis, Y. Chrysanthou
Motion capture techniques are becoming a popular method for digitizing folk dances for preservation and dissemination. Although technically the captured data can be of very high quality, folk dancing, in contrast to choreographed performances, allow for stylistic variations and improvisations that cannot be easily captured by the data themselves. The majority of motion analysis and comparison algorithms are explicitly based on quantitative metrics and thus do not usually provide any insight on style qualities of a performance. In this work, we introduce a motion analysis and comparison framework that is based on Laban Movement Analysis (LMA); these algorithms are particularly useful in the context of teaching folk dances. We present a prototype virtual reality simulator in which users can preview segments of folk dance performed by a 3D avatar and repeat them. The users' performances are captured and subsequently compared to the folk dance template motions. The system then provides intuitive feedback about their performance, which is based on the four LMA components (Body, Effort, Shape, Space) and provides both a quantitative and qualitative evaluation of the performance.
动作捕捉技术正在成为民间舞蹈数字化保存和传播的一种流行方法。虽然从技术上讲,捕获的数据可以是非常高质量的,但与精心编排的表演相比,民间舞蹈允许风格变化和即兴表演,这些变化和即兴表演不容易被数据本身捕获。大多数动作分析和比较算法都明确地基于定量指标,因此通常不能提供任何关于表演风格质量的见解。在这项工作中,我们介绍了一个基于拉班运动分析(LMA)的运动分析和比较框架;这些算法在教授民间舞蹈方面特别有用。我们提出了一个原型虚拟现实模拟器,用户可以在其中预览民间舞的片段,由一个3D化身表演,并重复他们。用户的表演被捕捉并随后与民间舞蹈模板动作进行比较。然后,该系统根据LMA的四个组成部分(身体、努力、形状、空间)提供关于运动员表现的直观反馈,并提供对运动员表现的定量和定性评估。
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引用次数: 15
Low-Cost Real-Time 3D Reconstruction of Large-Scale Excavation Sites using an RGB-D Camera 基于RGB-D相机的大规模挖掘遗址低成本实时三维重建
Pub Date : 2014-10-06 DOI: 10.2312/gch.20141298
M. Zollhöfer, C. Siegl, Bert Riffelmacher, M. Vetter, B. Dreyer, M. Stamminger, F. Bauer
In this paper, we present an end-to-end pipeline for the online reconstruction of large-scale outdoor environments and tightly confined indoor spaces using a low-cost consumer-level hand-held RGB-D sensor. While scanning, the user sees a live view of the current reconstruction, allowing him to intervene immediately and to adapt the sensor path to the current scanning result. After a raw reconstruction has been acquired, we interactively warp the digital model to fit a geo-referenced map using a handle based deformation paradigm. Even large sites can be scanned within a few minutes, and no costly postprocessing is required. We developed our prototype in cooperation with researchers from the field of ancient history and geography and extensively tested the system under real world conditions on an archeological excavation in Metropolis, Ionia, Turkey. The quality of the acquired digitized raw 3D models is evaluated by comparing them to actual imagery and a geo-referenced map of the excavation site. Our reconstructions can be used to take virtual measurements that are often required in research and are the basis for a digital preservation of our cultural heritage. In addition, digital models are a helpful tool for teaching as well as for edutainment purposes making such information accessible to the general public.
在本文中,我们提出了一种端到端管道,用于使用低成本消费者级手持式RGB-D传感器在线重建大规模室外环境和密闭室内空间。在扫描时,用户看到当前重建的实时视图,允许他立即进行干预,并使传感器路径适应当前扫描结果。在获得原始重建后,我们使用基于手柄的变形范例交互式地扭曲数字模型以适应地理参考地图。即使是大的地点也可以在几分钟内扫描完毕,而且不需要昂贵的后处理。我们与来自古代历史和地理领域的研究人员合作开发了我们的原型,并在土耳其爱奥尼亚大都会的考古发掘中,在现实世界的条件下对该系统进行了广泛的测试。通过将获得的数字化原始3D模型与实际图像和挖掘现场的地理参考地图进行比较,对其质量进行评估。我们的重建可以用来进行研究中经常需要的虚拟测量,也是我们文化遗产数字化保存的基础。此外,数字模型对于教学和寓教于乐的目的是一个有用的工具,使这些信息对公众开放。
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引用次数: 10
Interlocking Pieces for Printing Tangible Cultural Heritage Replicas 印刷有形文化遗产复制品的连锁件
Pub Date : 2014-10-06 DOI: 10.2312/gch.20141312
Giuseppe Alemanno, Paolo Cignoni, N. Pietroni, F. Ponchio, Roberto Scopigno
We propose a technique to decompose a 3D digital shape into a set of interlocking pieces that are easy to be manufactured and assembled. The pieces are designed so that they can be represented as a simple height field and, therefore, they can be manufactured by common 3D printers without the usage of supporting material. The removal of the supporting material is often a burdensome task and may eventually damage the surface of the printed object. Our approach makes the final reproduction cheaper, accurate and suitable for the reproduction of tangible cultural heritages. Moreover, since the proposed technique decomposes the artwork in pieces, it also overcomes the working space limits of common printers. The decomposition of the input (high-resolution) triangular mesh is driven by a coarse polygonal base mesh (representing the target subdivision in pieces); the height fields defining each piece are generated by sampling distances along the normal of each face composing the base mesh. A innovative interlocking mechanism allows adjacent pieces to plug each other to compose the final shape. This interlocking mechanism is designed to preserve the height field property of the pieces and to provide a sufficient degree of grip to ensure the assembled structure shape to be compact and stable. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach and show its limitations with some practical reproduction examples.
我们提出了一种将三维数字形状分解成一组易于制造和组装的互锁块的技术。这些部件的设计使它们可以被表示为一个简单的高度场,因此,它们可以由普通的3D打印机制造,而无需使用支撑材料。移除支撑材料通常是一项繁重的任务,并可能最终损坏打印对象的表面。我们的方法使最终的复制成本更低,更准确,更适合于物质文化遗产的复制。此外,由于所提出的技术将艺术品分解成碎片,它也克服了普通打印机的工作空间限制。输入(高分辨率)三角形网格的分解由粗多边形基网格驱动(表示目标细分);定义每个块的高度场是通过沿构成基网格的每个面法线的采样距离生成的。创新的联锁机制允许相邻的部件相互插入,形成最终的形状。这种联锁机制的设计是为了保持部件的高度场特性,并提供足够程度的抓地力,以确保组装结构的形状紧凑和稳定。我们通过一些实际的复制例子证明了我们的方法的有效性,并表明了它的局限性。
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引用次数: 30
Similarity Assessment for the Analysis of 3D Artefacts 三维工件分析的相似度评估
Pub Date : 2014-10-06 DOI: 10.2312/gch.20141313
S. Biasotti, A. Cerri, B. Falcidieno, M. Spagnuolo
Archaeological artefacts are often classified in homogeneous groups, with respect to their origin, use, age, etc., in terms of their physical traits, i.e., colour, material, design pattern, form, shape, size, style, surface texture, technology, thickness, and weight. In particular, when dealing with archaeological exhibits, a single trait is generally not enough for the classification of the artefact because most of the objects are affected by degradation or only partially preserved. In this contribution we propose a shape analysis and comparison pipeline, which combines geometry and texture to identify classes of homogeneous artefacts. The geometric description is based on a statistical technique to select properties that are mutually independent; the photometric information is handled according to a topological perspective, and complemented by the analysis of colour distribution. The outcome is a mixed description of each 3D artefact, which is used to derive a similarity measure between objects. The potential of our method is high since we can include any property representable as real- or vector-valued functions. Experimental results are exhibited to show the efficacy of the method in retrieval and classification tasks.
考古文物通常根据其物理特征(即颜色、材料、图案、形式、形状、大小、风格、表面纹理、工艺、厚度和重量),根据其来源、用途、年代等,被分类为同质组。特别是,在处理考古展品时,单一的特征通常不足以对人工制品进行分类,因为大多数物品都受到退化的影响或只有部分保存。在这篇文章中,我们提出了一个形状分析和比较管道,它结合了几何和纹理来识别同类工件的类别。几何描述基于统计技术来选择相互独立的属性;光度信息是根据拓扑角度处理的,并辅以颜色分布分析。结果是每个3D人工制品的混合描述,它被用来得出物体之间的相似性度量。我们的方法的潜力是很高的,因为我们可以包括任何属性表示为实数或向量值函数。实验结果显示了该方法在检索和分类任务中的有效性。
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引用次数: 5
A TaLISMAN: Automatic Text and LIne Segmentation of historical MANuscripts 一个护身符:历史手稿的文本和线条自动分割
Pub Date : 2014-10-06 DOI: 10.2312/gch.20141302
R. Pintus, Ying Yang, E. Gobbetti, H. Rushmeier
Historical and artistic handwritten books are valuable cultural heritage (CH) items, as they provide information about tangible and intangible cultural aspects from the past. Massive digitization projects have made these kind of data available to a world-wide population, and pose real challenges for automatic processing. In this scenario, document layout analysis plays a significant role, being a fundamental step of any document image understanding system. In this paper, we present a completely automatic algorithm to perform a robust text segmentation of old handwritten manuscripts on a per-book basis, and we show how to exploit this outcome to find two layout elements, i.e., text blocks and text lines. Our proposed technique have been evaluated on a large and heterogeneous corpus content, and our experimental results demonstrate that this approach is efficient and reliable, even when applied to very noisy and damaged books.
历史和艺术手写书籍是宝贵的文化遗产(CH)项目,因为它们提供了过去有形和无形文化方面的信息。大规模的数字化项目使这类数据可供全球人口使用,并对自动处理提出了真正的挑战。在这种情况下,文档布局分析起着重要的作用,是任何文档图像理解系统的基础步骤。在本文中,我们提出了一种完全自动的算法,可以在每本书的基础上对旧的手写手稿进行鲁棒的文本分割,并展示了如何利用这一结果来找到两个布局元素,即文本块和文本行。我们提出的技术已经在一个大型和异构的语料库内容上进行了评估,我们的实验结果表明,即使应用于非常嘈杂和损坏的书籍,这种方法也是有效和可靠的。
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引用次数: 9
Geometric Analysis in Cultural Heritage 文化遗产中的几何分析
Pub Date : 2014-10-06 DOI: 10.2312/gch.20141310
R. Pintus, Kazim Pal, Ying Yang, T. Weyrich, E. Gobbetti, H. Rushmeier
We present a review of recent techniques for performing geometric analysis in cultural heritage applications, targeting the broad community of researchers and practitioners in cultural heritage computing. The problems considered include shape perception enhancement, restoration and preservation support, monitoring over time, object interpretation, and collection analysis. All of these problems typically rely on an understanding of the structure of the shapes in question at both a local and global level. In this survey, we discuss the different problem forms and review the main solution methods, aided by classification criteria based on the geometric scale at which the analysis is performed and the cardinality of the relationships among object parts exploited during the analysis. We finalize the report by discussing open problems and future perspectives.
我们介绍了在文化遗产应用中进行几何分析的最新技术,针对文化遗产计算的广泛研究人员和实践者。考虑的问题包括形状感知增强、修复和保存支持、随时间监测、对象解释和收集分析。所有这些问题通常都依赖于在局部和全局层面上对所讨论形状结构的理解。在本调查中,我们讨论了不同的问题形式,并回顾了主要的解决方法,借助于基于几何尺度进行分析的分类标准和分析过程中利用的对象部分之间关系的基数。我们通过讨论尚未解决的问题和未来的展望来完成报告。
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引用次数: 10
Extending Philological Research with Methods of 3D Computer Graphics Applied to Analysis of Cultural Heritage 用三维计算机图形学方法拓展文献学研究,应用于文物分析
Pub Date : 2014-10-06 DOI: 10.2312/gch.20141314
Denis Fisseler, F. Weichert, Gerfrid G. W. Müller, Michele Cammarosano
Philological research on ancient cuneiform texts with the goal of analyzing and reconstructing manuscripts from a large quantity of available unsorted tablet fragments is a time consuming task. As the number of tablet fragments and the number of signs on the fragments both exceed values which can be handled by means of conventional manual research methods in a reasonable amount of time, the use of computer aided research methods is an obvious choice. In this paper, we present a novel unified approach for integrating methods of computer graphics into the process of analyzing and joining cuneiform tablet fragments. We will cover a selection of essential research scenarios and identify aspects where those methods can be applied to enhance and extend traditional philological research processes or even help to access formerly unavailable layers of information. This is achieved by integrating methods for visualization, interactive 3D script feature extraction, script analysis, virtual fragment joining and intuitive measurement and annotation tools in our fast and easy to use software framework CuneiformAnalyser, designed for large data sets. Unlike other approaches, our solution integrates for the first time methods to support every aspect of the manuscript analysis and reconstruction process in a single system.
对古代楔形文字进行文献学研究是一项耗时的任务,目的是对大量可用的未分类碑片碎片进行分析和重建手稿。由于片剂碎片的数量和碎片上的标志数量都超过了常规人工研究方法在合理时间内可以处理的数值,因此使用计算机辅助研究方法是一个明显的选择。在本文中,我们提出了一种新的统一方法,将计算机图形学方法集成到分析和连接楔形文字碎片的过程中。我们将涵盖一些必要的研究场景,并确定这些方法可以应用于增强和扩展传统语言学研究过程的方面,甚至可以帮助访问以前不可用的信息层。这是通过集成可视化方法,交互式3D脚本特征提取,脚本分析,虚拟片段连接和直观的测量和注释工具,在我们的快速和易于使用的软件框架cuneiformalyser中实现的,专为大型数据集设计。与其他方法不同,我们的解决方案首次集成了在单个系统中支持手稿分析和重建过程的各个方面的方法。
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引用次数: 16
期刊
Eurographics Workshop on Graphics and Cultural Heritage
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