Advanced industrial processing technique selective laser melting (SLM) can handle various materials. Although titanium alloys are the main material used in SLM, aluminium alloys may be employed in the future. However, producing aluminium alloys is more complicated. This work uses SLM to make an AlSi10Mg solid cylinder. The aim is to study the mechanical properties and microstructure of products. Layer thickness increases defects; thus, research advises avoiding it. The optical microscope study proved the conduction melting process's stability and hole-freeness. EDX mapping and SEM were used to compare the chemical makeup of as-cast and SLM materials. An unusual microstructure showed consistent alloying component distribution. Investigations examine wear, hardness and residual stresses. Extreme hardness was found. The component has evenly distributed compressive residual stresses within material yield limits.
{"title":"Microstructure, wear and residual stresses of selective laser melting AlSi10Mg solid cylinder","authors":"Harinadh Vemanaboina, Ankammarao Padamurthy, Praveen Kumar Gandla, Lakshman Rao Muppa, Koyyagura Lakshmi Kala","doi":"10.1177/09544089241272825","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09544089241272825","url":null,"abstract":"Advanced industrial processing technique selective laser melting (SLM) can handle various materials. Although titanium alloys are the main material used in SLM, aluminium alloys may be employed in the future. However, producing aluminium alloys is more complicated. This work uses SLM to make an AlSi10Mg solid cylinder. The aim is to study the mechanical properties and microstructure of products. Layer thickness increases defects; thus, research advises avoiding it. The optical microscope study proved the conduction melting process's stability and hole-freeness. EDX mapping and SEM were used to compare the chemical makeup of as-cast and SLM materials. An unusual microstructure showed consistent alloying component distribution. Investigations examine wear, hardness and residual stresses. Extreme hardness was found. The component has evenly distributed compressive residual stresses within material yield limits.","PeriodicalId":20552,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E: Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142204819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hot water immersion therapy has been found a promising therapy that offers several potential benefits to the human body, including pain relief, wound healing, improved blood circulation, stress relief, and improved sleep. However, the therapy is not widely used by the general population, especially the middle-class and lower-middle-class populations. The reasons for this could be the accessibility and cost of the therapy. This article introduces an innovative hot water immersion therapy set-up designed to increase the therapy's accessibility to a broader audience. The proposed set-up is engineered for easy home fabrication and installation without requiring special tools or skills, ensuring user safety through the use of electrically leak-proof components. A significant benefit of this set-up is its integration with a standard household geyser for water heating, which obviates the need for a dedicated geyser typically associated with commercial hot water immersion therapy systems, thereby reducing the overall initial, operational, and maintenance costs. The set-up has been successfully fabricated, installed, and tested, proving its effectiveness and efficiency. Among the four modes experimentally analyzed, Mode 4, a mix of regular and hot water with a combined flow rate of 8.06 L/min, leads to minimum waiting and geyser on-time of 19.85 min. In addition to the direct benefit of reduced liquid petroleum gas consumption, choosing Mode 4 contributes to an overall lower environmental footprint. This study aims to raise awareness of hydrotherapy and make it accessible to the general public.
{"title":"Fabrication and analysis of a novel and sustainable set-up for safe and economic hydrotherapy","authors":"Ravinder Kumar, Anchal Rani, Deepak Sharma, Saurabh Chaitanya","doi":"10.1177/09544089241275786","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09544089241275786","url":null,"abstract":"Hot water immersion therapy has been found a promising therapy that offers several potential benefits to the human body, including pain relief, wound healing, improved blood circulation, stress relief, and improved sleep. However, the therapy is not widely used by the general population, especially the middle-class and lower-middle-class populations. The reasons for this could be the accessibility and cost of the therapy. This article introduces an innovative hot water immersion therapy set-up designed to increase the therapy's accessibility to a broader audience. The proposed set-up is engineered for easy home fabrication and installation without requiring special tools or skills, ensuring user safety through the use of electrically leak-proof components. A significant benefit of this set-up is its integration with a standard household geyser for water heating, which obviates the need for a dedicated geyser typically associated with commercial hot water immersion therapy systems, thereby reducing the overall initial, operational, and maintenance costs. The set-up has been successfully fabricated, installed, and tested, proving its effectiveness and efficiency. Among the four modes experimentally analyzed, Mode 4, a mix of regular and hot water with a combined flow rate of 8.06 L/min, leads to minimum waiting and geyser on-time of 19.85 min. In addition to the direct benefit of reduced liquid petroleum gas consumption, choosing Mode 4 contributes to an overall lower environmental footprint. This study aims to raise awareness of hydrotherapy and make it accessible to the general public.","PeriodicalId":20552,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E: Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142204821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-26DOI: 10.1177/09544089241272896
Jifeng Jia, Xiaoling Yu, Junchao Ye, Qian Lv, Xinyue Zhang, Changcun Lu, Xiaolin Wang
The safe and stable function of hyper-compressors with operating pressures exceeding 180 MPa is a guarantee for the low-density polyethylene production process, and the transient dynamics of the compressor shaft system under stable operating conditions are an important concern for the design, maintenance, and fault detection of such compressors. Therefore, this paper presents a finite-element model of the hyper-compressor shaft system and analyzes the dynamic stress and fatigue life of the crankshaft, the connecting rod, the crosshead, and the plunger. In order to verify the accuracy of the model, all stages of the compressor's plunger stress and the torque of the crankshaft–motor connection end were tested in the field. The dynamic gas pressure of each stage cylinder was obtained by the tested stress of the corresponding plunger, then it was set as the load input of the finite-element model. The results show that: the average errors of the simulated plunger stress at two stages are 0.14% and 0.21%, respectively; the mean, peak, valley, and range errors of the torque at the crankshaft–motor connection end are 3.80%, 12.37%, and 3.49%, respectively; the simulated first-order torsional natural frequency of the shaft system is 78 Hz with an error of 8.3%. In the occurrence of the first-order torsional resonance, the maximum torsional stress appears at the crankshaft–motor connection end. The maximum dynamic stress alternating amplitude of the hyper-compressor shaft system under stable operating conditions is 103.7 MPa with a minimum life of 3.309 × 109, which occurs at the crankshaft–motor connection end and is converted into 31.48 years. The finite-element model, test, and simulation data presented in this paper can provide a reference for the fault detection and optimization design of hyper-compressors.
{"title":"Research on the transient dynamic characteristics of the low-density polyethylene compressors shaft system with operating pressure exceeding 180 MPa","authors":"Jifeng Jia, Xiaoling Yu, Junchao Ye, Qian Lv, Xinyue Zhang, Changcun Lu, Xiaolin Wang","doi":"10.1177/09544089241272896","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09544089241272896","url":null,"abstract":"The safe and stable function of hyper-compressors with operating pressures exceeding 180 MPa is a guarantee for the low-density polyethylene production process, and the transient dynamics of the compressor shaft system under stable operating conditions are an important concern for the design, maintenance, and fault detection of such compressors. Therefore, this paper presents a finite-element model of the hyper-compressor shaft system and analyzes the dynamic stress and fatigue life of the crankshaft, the connecting rod, the crosshead, and the plunger. In order to verify the accuracy of the model, all stages of the compressor's plunger stress and the torque of the crankshaft–motor connection end were tested in the field. The dynamic gas pressure of each stage cylinder was obtained by the tested stress of the corresponding plunger, then it was set as the load input of the finite-element model. The results show that: the average errors of the simulated plunger stress at two stages are 0.14% and 0.21%, respectively; the mean, peak, valley, and range errors of the torque at the crankshaft–motor connection end are 3.80%, 12.37%, and 3.49%, respectively; the simulated first-order torsional natural frequency of the shaft system is 78 Hz with an error of 8.3%. In the occurrence of the first-order torsional resonance, the maximum torsional stress appears at the crankshaft–motor connection end. The maximum dynamic stress alternating amplitude of the hyper-compressor shaft system under stable operating conditions is 103.7 MPa with a minimum life of 3.309 × 10<jats:sup>9</jats:sup>, which occurs at the crankshaft–motor connection end and is converted into 31.48 years. The finite-element model, test, and simulation data presented in this paper can provide a reference for the fault detection and optimization design of hyper-compressors.","PeriodicalId":20552,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E: Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142204808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-26DOI: 10.1177/09544089241272769
Gandrakota Kathyayani, Poojari Prakash Gowd
Using a numerical technique, this study explores the flow and thermal aspects of a Maxwell hybrid nanofluid across an exponentially stretched sheet. The analysis incorporates the effects of thermal radiation, viscous dissipation, Joule heating, and chemical reaction. We use the in-built MATLAB function bvp4c to successfully solve the governing equations after we convert them to ordinary differential equations. The key novelty of this work lies in employing the Maxwell hybrid nanofluid, a more complex fluid than traditional nanofluids or regular Maxwell fluids and conducting a multifaceted analysis that considers factors like couple stress, chemical reaction, and entropy generation optimization alongside flow and heat transfer. The findings demonstrate that the Maxwell parameter and the magnetic field parameter both reduce fluid velocity due to opposing forces and enhanced elasticity, respectively. The temperature profile exhibits a rise with increasing thermal radiation, volume fraction of nanoparticles, and Eckert number due to enhanced radiative absorption, improved heat transfer, and internal heat generation respectively. As the Brinkman number and volume percentage of copper nanoparticles increase, the entropy generation becomes more intense and the Bejan number decreases as a result of enhanced viscous dissipation and friction. Between the values of 0.1 and 0.7 for Maxwell parameter, the friction factor exhibits a decrement of 0.1077. The Nusselt number, signifying heat transfer efficiency, reduces with the Eckert number but increases with the radiation parameter and volume fraction of nanoparticles. Between the values of 0.1 and 0.7 for Eckert number, the friction factor exhibits a decrement of 0.1077. Lastly, a steeper concentration gradient causes the Sherwood number, which is an indication of the mass transmission rate, to rise with the Schmidt number. it is detected that the rate of heat transfer increases at a rate of 0.0721 when chemical reaction values lie between 0 and 1.8.
{"title":"Influence of thermal radiation, viscous dissipation, and joule heating on entropy generation and flow of a Maxwell hybrid nanofluid over an exponentially stretching sheet with couple stress effects","authors":"Gandrakota Kathyayani, Poojari Prakash Gowd","doi":"10.1177/09544089241272769","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09544089241272769","url":null,"abstract":"Using a numerical technique, this study explores the flow and thermal aspects of a Maxwell hybrid nanofluid across an exponentially stretched sheet. The analysis incorporates the effects of thermal radiation, viscous dissipation, Joule heating, and chemical reaction. We use the in-built MATLAB function bvp4c to successfully solve the governing equations after we convert them to ordinary differential equations. The key novelty of this work lies in employing the Maxwell hybrid nanofluid, a more complex fluid than traditional nanofluids or regular Maxwell fluids and conducting a multifaceted analysis that considers factors like couple stress, chemical reaction, and entropy generation optimization alongside flow and heat transfer. The findings demonstrate that the Maxwell parameter and the magnetic field parameter both reduce fluid velocity due to opposing forces and enhanced elasticity, respectively. The temperature profile exhibits a rise with increasing thermal radiation, volume fraction of nanoparticles, and Eckert number due to enhanced radiative absorption, improved heat transfer, and internal heat generation respectively. As the Brinkman number and volume percentage of copper nanoparticles increase, the entropy generation becomes more intense and the Bejan number decreases as a result of enhanced viscous dissipation and friction. Between the values of 0.1 and 0.7 for Maxwell parameter, the friction factor exhibits a decrement of 0.1077. The Nusselt number, signifying heat transfer efficiency, reduces with the Eckert number but increases with the radiation parameter and volume fraction of nanoparticles. Between the values of 0.1 and 0.7 for Eckert number, the friction factor exhibits a decrement of 0.1077. Lastly, a steeper concentration gradient causes the Sherwood number, which is an indication of the mass transmission rate, to rise with the Schmidt number. it is detected that the rate of heat transfer increases at a rate of 0.0721 when chemical reaction values lie between 0 and 1.8.","PeriodicalId":20552,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E: Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142204820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-26DOI: 10.1177/09544089241272902
Guang Zhang, Run Hua Hu, De Sheng Chen, Zhe Lin
Axial flow check valves are primarily employed to regulate the unidirectional flow of fluids within pipelines, preventing backflow or reverse flow. The design of this type of check valve ensures its opening in the direction of fluid flow and closing in the case of reverse flow, thereby ensuring that fluid within the pipeline system can only move in the predetermined direction. This paper establishes a three-dimensional physical model of the axial flow check valve with the length of 2050 mm, the height of 2200 mm and the inlet/outlet diameter of 1716 mm. Dynamic characteristics of the flow field during the closing process of axial flow check valve under different pressure difference were studied using dynamic mesh technology and User Defined Function. The vibration of the valve stem of the axial flow check valve was predicted and analyzed through fluid-structure coupling. Additionally, a fluid-structure coupled approach is employed to predict and analyze the vibration of the valve stem in axial flow check valves. The results indicate that with an increase in the pressure difference at the inlet and outlet, the time required for the check valve to close decreases, leading to an acceleration in the valve disc’s velocity. Simultaneously, the fluid forces exerted by the flow field on the valve stem the increase, resulting in more significant vibrations. Among these vibrations, the first three natural modes have the most substantial impact on the valve stem. To prevent damage to the valve stem, efforts should be made to minimize the influence of these first three modes on axial flow check valves. This study provides valuable recommendations and support for preventing damage to the valve stem in operational scenarios involving axial flow check valves.
{"title":"Internal flow and vibration characteristics of axial flow check valves based on fluid-structure interaction analysis","authors":"Guang Zhang, Run Hua Hu, De Sheng Chen, Zhe Lin","doi":"10.1177/09544089241272902","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09544089241272902","url":null,"abstract":"Axial flow check valves are primarily employed to regulate the unidirectional flow of fluids within pipelines, preventing backflow or reverse flow. The design of this type of check valve ensures its opening in the direction of fluid flow and closing in the case of reverse flow, thereby ensuring that fluid within the pipeline system can only move in the predetermined direction. This paper establishes a three-dimensional physical model of the axial flow check valve with the length of 2050 mm, the height of 2200 mm and the inlet/outlet diameter of 1716 mm. Dynamic characteristics of the flow field during the closing process of axial flow check valve under different pressure difference were studied using dynamic mesh technology and User Defined Function. The vibration of the valve stem of the axial flow check valve was predicted and analyzed through fluid-structure coupling. Additionally, a fluid-structure coupled approach is employed to predict and analyze the vibration of the valve stem in axial flow check valves. The results indicate that with an increase in the pressure difference at the inlet and outlet, the time required for the check valve to close decreases, leading to an acceleration in the valve disc’s velocity. Simultaneously, the fluid forces exerted by the flow field on the valve stem the increase, resulting in more significant vibrations. Among these vibrations, the first three natural modes have the most substantial impact on the valve stem. To prevent damage to the valve stem, efforts should be made to minimize the influence of these first three modes on axial flow check valves. This study provides valuable recommendations and support for preventing damage to the valve stem in operational scenarios involving axial flow check valves.","PeriodicalId":20552,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E: Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142204826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-26DOI: 10.1177/09544089241275779
Rajavath Narayana Naik, S Suneetha, KS Srinivasa Babu, M Jayachandra Babu
Bidirectional stretching sheet models can represent surfaces in heat exchangers where fluids flow under continuous deformation. Ternary hybrid nanofluids could be employed in these systems to increase heat transfer rates between fluids in heat exchangers and improve the efficiency of energy conversion processes. In this work, we explore the novel application of a ternary hybrid nanofluid (water with titanium dioxide, cobalt ferrite, and magnesium oxide nanoparticles) for enhanced heat transfer in heat exchangers modeled by a bidirectional stretching sheet. This approach offers a potential advancement over traditional nanofluids (with one or two nanoparticles). Furthermore, we present a comprehensive analysis that incorporates ohmic heating, Cattaneo–Christov heat flux, thermal radiation, viscous dissipation, and irreversibility. The governing equations are transformed into a system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations using appropriate similarity transformations and then solved using the bvp4c solver, a MATLAB built-in function. This study's findings reveal that the Eckert number and radiation parameter increase fluid temperature, while the thermal relaxation parameter leads to a reduction in the temperature of the fluid. It is detected that an increase in magnetic field parameter and volume fraction of [Formula: see text] results in a decline of the skin friction factors in both directions. It is revealed that there is a reduction in the Nusselt number with the rise in Eckert number ([Formula: see text]), and the same number declines at a rate of 0.8252 when [Formula: see text]. It is noticed that the skin friction coefficient declines at a rate of 0.62179204 (in case of x-direction) and 0.621791816 (in case of y-direction), respectively, when the values of magnetic field parameter lie between 0 and 3.5. Furthermore, it is noticed that an upsurge in thermal relaxation parameter results in a fall in the temperature of the fluid.
{"title":"Entropy optimization in ternary hybrid nanofluid flow over a convectively heated bidirectional stretching sheet with Lorentz forces and viscous dissipation: A Cattaneo–Christov heat flux model","authors":"Rajavath Narayana Naik, S Suneetha, KS Srinivasa Babu, M Jayachandra Babu","doi":"10.1177/09544089241275779","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09544089241275779","url":null,"abstract":"Bidirectional stretching sheet models can represent surfaces in heat exchangers where fluids flow under continuous deformation. Ternary hybrid nanofluids could be employed in these systems to increase heat transfer rates between fluids in heat exchangers and improve the efficiency of energy conversion processes. In this work, we explore the novel application of a ternary hybrid nanofluid (water with titanium dioxide, cobalt ferrite, and magnesium oxide nanoparticles) for enhanced heat transfer in heat exchangers modeled by a bidirectional stretching sheet. This approach offers a potential advancement over traditional nanofluids (with one or two nanoparticles). Furthermore, we present a comprehensive analysis that incorporates ohmic heating, Cattaneo–Christov heat flux, thermal radiation, viscous dissipation, and irreversibility. The governing equations are transformed into a system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations using appropriate similarity transformations and then solved using the bvp4c solver, a MATLAB built-in function. This study's findings reveal that the Eckert number and radiation parameter increase fluid temperature, while the thermal relaxation parameter leads to a reduction in the temperature of the fluid. It is detected that an increase in magnetic field parameter and volume fraction of [Formula: see text] results in a decline of the skin friction factors in both directions. It is revealed that there is a reduction in the Nusselt number with the rise in Eckert number ([Formula: see text]), and the same number declines at a rate of 0.8252 when [Formula: see text]. It is noticed that the skin friction coefficient declines at a rate of 0.62179204 (in case of x-direction) and 0.621791816 (in case of y-direction), respectively, when the values of magnetic field parameter lie between 0 and 3.5. Furthermore, it is noticed that an upsurge in thermal relaxation parameter results in a fall in the temperature of the fluid.","PeriodicalId":20552,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E: Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142204823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-26DOI: 10.1177/09544089241270833
Abhay Kumar Singh, Suresh Kant Verma
One of the most abundantly available non-conventional energy sources is solar energy. The advantages of solar energy are that it is freely available, sustainable, non-exhaustible, pollution-free, etc. Many thermal energy technologies are frequently employed to utilize solar energy for different household, agricultural, residential, and industrial applications. A flat plate solar collector (FPSC) is one of the most popular devices for harvesting solar energy and transforming solar radiation into useful heat. The low thermal performance of FPSC is one of its major disadvantages. The performance of the FPSC can be enhanced using active, passive, and mixed methods. In this article, various thermal performance enhancement techniques of FPSC, including design and modification, use of inserts, selective coating, nanofluid, phase change material, mini/microchannels, and transparent insulation material, are discussed. The use of nanomaterial coatings can reduce the convection and radiation losses from the FPSC. High absorptivity black nickel nanoparticles make them excellent for selective coatings. The performance of FPSC with CuO/water nanofluid was more efficient than that of other metal oxides. The performance of a minichannel integrated FPSC is better than that of conventional type because of its direct contact with water, which enhances the heat transfer rate. The most recent technological development of enhanced FPSC discussed in this article will be very useful to the scientific community.
{"title":"Passive techniques for the thermal performance enhancement of flat plate solar collector: A comprehensive review","authors":"Abhay Kumar Singh, Suresh Kant Verma","doi":"10.1177/09544089241270833","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09544089241270833","url":null,"abstract":"One of the most abundantly available non-conventional energy sources is solar energy. The advantages of solar energy are that it is freely available, sustainable, non-exhaustible, pollution-free, etc. Many thermal energy technologies are frequently employed to utilize solar energy for different household, agricultural, residential, and industrial applications. A flat plate solar collector (FPSC) is one of the most popular devices for harvesting solar energy and transforming solar radiation into useful heat. The low thermal performance of FPSC is one of its major disadvantages. The performance of the FPSC can be enhanced using active, passive, and mixed methods. In this article, various thermal performance enhancement techniques of FPSC, including design and modification, use of inserts, selective coating, nanofluid, phase change material, mini/microchannels, and transparent insulation material, are discussed. The use of nanomaterial coatings can reduce the convection and radiation losses from the FPSC. High absorptivity black nickel nanoparticles make them excellent for selective coatings. The performance of FPSC with CuO/water nanofluid was more efficient than that of other metal oxides. The performance of a minichannel integrated FPSC is better than that of conventional type because of its direct contact with water, which enhances the heat transfer rate. The most recent technological development of enhanced FPSC discussed in this article will be very useful to the scientific community.","PeriodicalId":20552,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E: Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142204822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To analyze the coherent structure of wake flow in volute and its corresponding frequency information, dynamic modal decomposition (DMD), classic and spectral proper orthogonal decomposition (SPOD), were employed to decompose the transient flow field of the centrifugal pump volute. The snapshot set was constructed by means of the velocity field data at different moments in volute based on the large eddy simulation (LES) approach. The basic principles of the DMD, POD, and SPOD methods were compared in detail, and the decomposition results of the three methods on the wake flow structure in volute were compared and analyzed. The analysis results show that DMD can decompose the wake flow into coherent structures with different frequencies, including the basic steady-state structure, the dynamic modal flow field structure characterizing rotor–stator interaction (the first three modes with frequencies of 145.81, 291.61, and 437.43 Hz, respectively), and dissipative modal flow field structure characterizing fragmentized vortex (the fourth mode with a frequency of 486.03 Hz) in the volute. The POD can decompose the wake flow into flow structures with different energy levels. The first four modal energies account for more than 66% of total energy, which represents the large-scale structure with higher energy, and its dominant frequencies correspond to the blade passing frequency (145 Hz) and its frequency multiplication (290 Hz). The SPOD can not only decompose the complex wake flow into structural features of different energy levels but also has single-frequency characteristics of its modal structures. Compared with DMD and POD methods, the SPOD has the advantages of both, and can reflect the evolution characteristics of the wake flow in the volute.
{"title":"Analysis of unsteady wake flow in centrifugal pump volute by using mode decomposition method","authors":"Xuebing Chen, Renhui Zhang, Guangqiang Guo, Junhu Yang, Zhi Zheng","doi":"10.1177/09544089241272877","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09544089241272877","url":null,"abstract":"To analyze the coherent structure of wake flow in volute and its corresponding frequency information, dynamic modal decomposition (DMD), classic and spectral proper orthogonal decomposition (SPOD), were employed to decompose the transient flow field of the centrifugal pump volute. The snapshot set was constructed by means of the velocity field data at different moments in volute based on the large eddy simulation (LES) approach. The basic principles of the DMD, POD, and SPOD methods were compared in detail, and the decomposition results of the three methods on the wake flow structure in volute were compared and analyzed. The analysis results show that DMD can decompose the wake flow into coherent structures with different frequencies, including the basic steady-state structure, the dynamic modal flow field structure characterizing rotor–stator interaction (the first three modes with frequencies of 145.81, 291.61, and 437.43 Hz, respectively), and dissipative modal flow field structure characterizing fragmentized vortex (the fourth mode with a frequency of 486.03 Hz) in the volute. The POD can decompose the wake flow into flow structures with different energy levels. The first four modal energies account for more than 66% of total energy, which represents the large-scale structure with higher energy, and its dominant frequencies correspond to the blade passing frequency (145 Hz) and its frequency multiplication (290 Hz). The SPOD can not only decompose the complex wake flow into structural features of different energy levels but also has single-frequency characteristics of its modal structures. Compared with DMD and POD methods, the SPOD has the advantages of both, and can reflect the evolution characteristics of the wake flow in the volute.","PeriodicalId":20552,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E: Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142226081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-26DOI: 10.1177/09544089241272900
T Aarathi, Anala Subramanyam Reddy, K Jagadeshkumar, Vallampati Ramachandra Prasad, O Anwar Bég
The goal of this research is to inspect the heat and mass transfer trends and entropy generation in a time-reliant stagnation point stream of a micropolar fluid across an inclined stretched surface. For this objective, a chemically reactive, electrically conducting fluid exposed to an orthogonal magnetic field is studied. The flow governing equations are modelled using Buongiorno model and are reformed to a system of higher order ordinary differential equations by administering appropriate similarity transformations. This system is quantitatively examined by employing the fourth-order Runge-Kutta scheme with shooting approach. The effects of thermal radiation, magnetic field, uniform heat source/sink, Brownian motion, thermophoresis, activation energy, and binary chemical reaction are studied on velocity, microrotation, temperature, and concentration profiles. It is observed that magnetic field and Brownian motion elevate the flow temperature. Increased activation energy spikes the fluid concentration while increase in binary chemical reaction reduces the particle concentration. Later, impact of various parameters on skin friction coefficient and heat and mass transfer rates are tabularised. Increasing values of thermophoretic diffusion parameter, Brownian diffusion parameter, and chemical reaction parameter improve the rate of mass transfer. Unsteadiness parameter triggers the skin friction coefficient 53.2% when the parameter value was increased from 0.7 to 1.0. Viscous dissipation and thermal radiation increase the rate of entropy generation. A comparison of skin friction coefficient with previous studies demonstrates a strong agreement.
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This work explores the heat transfer performance and friction characteristics of toothed v-cut twisted tapes, while employing an artificial neural network (ANN) as a predictive model. The novelty of this study lies in the innovative use of toothed v-cut twisted tapes to enhance heat transfer performance, coupled with the application of ANN for precise prediction and optimization. Focusing on a specific geometric range by adjusting the depth ratio of rectangular teeth and the width-to-depth ratio of the v-cut, the study investigates turbulent flows with Reynolds numbers spanning from 6000 to 13,000, mirroring real-world applications. The investigations unveil that the introduction of teeth to the v-cut generates a secondary vortex flow, contributing significantly to improved heat transfer by enhancing the Nusselt number ( Nu) and mitigating the reduction in heat transfer rate with increasing depth of cut at higher Reynolds numbers ( Re). The nuanced behavior of the friction factor is revealed, showcasing its inverse proportionality to Re and e/ c, and direct proportionality to b/ c, offering valuable practical insights. Remarkably, the analysis of heat transfer rate variations underscores the ANN model's predictive accuracy. Key findings include the most substantial increase in heat transfer rate for b/ c = 0.67 and e/ c = 0.14, with the ANN model predictions closely aligning with these results. The ANN model, trained on extensive datasets derived from experiments, emerges as a robust predictive tool, demonstrating mean relative errors constrained to less than 3.3% for Nusselt numbers and 0.08% for friction factors. Validation against previously unseen datasets further substantiates its efficacy, with an average percentage error of 3.32% for friction and 0.96% for Nusselt numbers. These results, along with the 97% and 99% accuracy for friction and Nusselt numbers, respectively, position the ANN model as a reliable tool for precision in predicting and optimizing heat transfer dynamics across varied engineering scenarios.
这项研究探讨了齿形 V 形切割扭曲带的传热性能和摩擦特性，同时采用了人工神经网络（ANN）作为预测模型。这项研究的新颖之处在于创新性地使用齿形 V 形切割扭曲带来提高传热性能，同时应用人工神经网络进行精确预测和优化。研究通过调整矩形齿的深度比和 V 形切口的宽深比，将重点放在特定的几何范围上，研究了雷诺数从 6000 到 13000 的湍流，反映了现实世界的应用情况。研究结果表明，在 V 形切割中引入锯齿会产生二次涡流，通过提高努塞尔特数（Nu）来显著改善传热效果，并在雷诺数（Re）较高时缓解随着切割深度增加而降低的传热率。研究揭示了摩擦因数的微妙行为，显示了它与 Re 和 e/ c 的反比例关系，以及与 b/ c 的正比例关系，提供了宝贵的实用见解。值得注意的是，对传热速率变化的分析强调了 ANN 模型的预测准确性。主要发现包括：当 b/ c = 0.67 和 e/ c = 0.14 时，传热率的增幅最大，而 ANN 模型的预测结果与这些结果非常吻合。在大量实验数据集上训练的 ANN 模型是一种稳健的预测工具，努塞尔特数的平均相对误差小于 3.3%，摩擦因数的平均相对误差小于 0.08%。通过对以前未见过的数据集进行验证，进一步证实了其功效，摩擦系数的平均百分比误差为 3.32%，努塞尔特数的平均百分比误差为 0.96%。这些结果以及摩擦系数和努塞尔特数分别高达 97% 和 99% 的准确率，将 ANN 模型定位为在各种工程场景中精确预测和优化传热动力学的可靠工具。
{"title":"Development of ANN prediction model for estimation of heat transfer utilizing rectangular-toothed v-cut twisted tape","authors":"Sanjay Kumar Singh, Ruchin Kacker, Satyam Shivam Gautam, Santosh Kumar Tamang","doi":"10.1177/09544089241272853","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09544089241272853","url":null,"abstract":"This work explores the heat transfer performance and friction characteristics of toothed v-cut twisted tapes, while employing an artificial neural network (ANN) as a predictive model. The novelty of this study lies in the innovative use of toothed v-cut twisted tapes to enhance heat transfer performance, coupled with the application of ANN for precise prediction and optimization. Focusing on a specific geometric range by adjusting the depth ratio of rectangular teeth and the width-to-depth ratio of the v-cut, the study investigates turbulent flows with Reynolds numbers spanning from 6000 to 13,000, mirroring real-world applications. The investigations unveil that the introduction of teeth to the v-cut generates a secondary vortex flow, contributing significantly to improved heat transfer by enhancing the Nusselt number ( Nu) and mitigating the reduction in heat transfer rate with increasing depth of cut at higher Reynolds numbers ( Re). The nuanced behavior of the friction factor is revealed, showcasing its inverse proportionality to Re and e/ c, and direct proportionality to b/ c, offering valuable practical insights. Remarkably, the analysis of heat transfer rate variations underscores the ANN model's predictive accuracy. Key findings include the most substantial increase in heat transfer rate for b/ c = 0.67 and e/ c = 0.14, with the ANN model predictions closely aligning with these results. The ANN model, trained on extensive datasets derived from experiments, emerges as a robust predictive tool, demonstrating mean relative errors constrained to less than 3.3% for Nusselt numbers and 0.08% for friction factors. Validation against previously unseen datasets further substantiates its efficacy, with an average percentage error of 3.32% for friction and 0.96% for Nusselt numbers. These results, along with the 97% and 99% accuracy for friction and Nusselt numbers, respectively, position the ANN model as a reliable tool for precision in predicting and optimizing heat transfer dynamics across varied engineering scenarios.","PeriodicalId":20552,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E: Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142226211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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