Clutches are prone to failure owing to extended heat exposure and high levels of abrasion during power transfer. Internal damage, downtime, and permanent transmission system lock-up all can result from these faults. To detect and diagnose these faults, this study employs the deep learning approach. Vibration signals were obtained from a test rig that was exposed to various clutch conditions at various loads. The amount of data points (signal length) when collecting vibration signals from a test rig can have a significant effect on the accuracy of results. A shorter sample length can lead to an increased uncertainty in the results, while a longer sample length can lead to more accurate results. A longer sample length also increases the computational complexity of the diagnosis process, which can lead to longer execution times. In this study vibration signals were collected for various sample lengths to find the optimal sample length for systemic clutch fault diagnostics. The collected vibration signals are analyzed and transformed into vibration plots that serve as input to the deep learning pretrained network. VGG-16 model was considered for this study to diagnose the clutch system faults. Based on the outcomes, the optimal sample length for the no load condition was identified as 4000, while for the 5-kg load and 10-kg load conditions 3000 sample length was suggested for fault diagnosis of the clutch system.
{"title":"Optimizing sample length for fault diagnosis of clutch systems using deep learning and vibration analysis","authors":"Ganjikunta Chakrapani, Sridharan Naveen Venkatesh, Tapan Kumar Mahanta, Natrayan Lakshmaiya, Vaithiyanathan Sugumaran","doi":"10.1177/09544089241272791","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09544089241272791","url":null,"abstract":"Clutches are prone to failure owing to extended heat exposure and high levels of abrasion during power transfer. Internal damage, downtime, and permanent transmission system lock-up all can result from these faults. To detect and diagnose these faults, this study employs the deep learning approach. Vibration signals were obtained from a test rig that was exposed to various clutch conditions at various loads. The amount of data points (signal length) when collecting vibration signals from a test rig can have a significant effect on the accuracy of results. A shorter sample length can lead to an increased uncertainty in the results, while a longer sample length can lead to more accurate results. A longer sample length also increases the computational complexity of the diagnosis process, which can lead to longer execution times. In this study vibration signals were collected for various sample lengths to find the optimal sample length for systemic clutch fault diagnostics. The collected vibration signals are analyzed and transformed into vibration plots that serve as input to the deep learning pretrained network. VGG-16 model was considered for this study to diagnose the clutch system faults. Based on the outcomes, the optimal sample length for the no load condition was identified as 4000, while for the 5-kg load and 10-kg load conditions 3000 sample length was suggested for fault diagnosis of the clutch system.","PeriodicalId":20552,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E: Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142204827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-23DOI: 10.1177/09544089241272752
Sourabh Anand, Manoj Kumar Satyarthi
PET-G is a versatile thermoplastic resistant to impact loading, heat, and reactivity with solvents, and witnesses wide use in the Display and Signage, Packaging, Automotive, Electronics, and Medical Industries. Customized production using conventional techniques is expensive due to the high initial setup costs associated, in such cases 3D printing may be a better choice, but predicting its behavior during 3D printing remains challenging. Therefore, the current study aims to find effective process modeling techniques to achieve desired responses. The comparison of modeling techniques like MLPNN and RBFNN has been carried out to predict the mechanical properties at selected process parameters of FFF to significantly improve the mechanical property predictions. The MLP, which had 5 input dimensions and 20 hidden units, showed a CF of 0.99918 and specificity 1. Its MSE was 2.0751. On the other hand, the RBF network, with 5 input dimensions and 20 centers had a considerably lower MSE of 0.004589 but slightly lower CF values (0.92188 and 0.93393). These findings highlight that MLP excels in precision while RBF demonstrates the accuracy of the models for predicting mechanical properties.
{"title":"Neural network-based modeling of FFF process for PET-G: Evaluating MLPNN and RBFNN performance in mechanical property prediction","authors":"Sourabh Anand, Manoj Kumar Satyarthi","doi":"10.1177/09544089241272752","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09544089241272752","url":null,"abstract":"PET-G is a versatile thermoplastic resistant to impact loading, heat, and reactivity with solvents, and witnesses wide use in the Display and Signage, Packaging, Automotive, Electronics, and Medical Industries. Customized production using conventional techniques is expensive due to the high initial setup costs associated, in such cases 3D printing may be a better choice, but predicting its behavior during 3D printing remains challenging. Therefore, the current study aims to find effective process modeling techniques to achieve desired responses. The comparison of modeling techniques like MLPNN and RBFNN has been carried out to predict the mechanical properties at selected process parameters of FFF to significantly improve the mechanical property predictions. The MLP, which had 5 input dimensions and 20 hidden units, showed a CF of 0.99918 and specificity 1. Its MSE was 2.0751. On the other hand, the RBF network, with 5 input dimensions and 20 centers had a considerably lower MSE of 0.004589 but slightly lower CF values (0.92188 and 0.93393). These findings highlight that MLP excels in precision while RBF demonstrates the accuracy of the models for predicting mechanical properties.","PeriodicalId":20552,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E: Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering","volume":"69 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142204830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-23DOI: 10.1177/09544089241270770
D. Tamilvendan, A.R. Ravikumar, ArunKumar Munimathan, M. Ganesh
The study aims to evaluate the tensile behavior of sisal glass-reinforced polymer composites with varying geometric irregularities. Composite laminates were fabricated using a hand layup technique, incorporating sisal fiber woven reinforcement and ortho-phthalic unsaturated polyester resin. The laminates, configured with 7 and 9 layers, were subjected to tensile testing with and without 6 mm and 12 mm diameter central holes and double holes spaced at 6.2 mm, 12 mm, and 48 mm intervals. The tensile tests were conducted using an electromechanical test system, and the results were analyzed to determine the ultimate tensile strength, modulus of elasticity, and failure strain for each specimen type. The findings revealed significant differences in tensile strength depending on the presence and size of the holes. Specimens with central holes exhibited a reduction in tensile strength, with the extent of strength reduction dependent on the hole diameter. Larger holes resulted in more severe stress concentrations, leading to greater strength degradation. Double-hole specimens showed similar strength reduction patterns, with closer spacing exacerbating the stress concentration effects. The residual strength ratio (RSR) for different configurations conformed to expected values for fiber-reinforced composites with circular hole-type defects. The study underscores the critical impact of geometric irregularities on the mechanical performance of sisal glass-reinforced polymer composites. These findings can guide the development of design strategies to mitigate the adverse effects of stress concentrators, thereby enhancing the reliability and durability of these materials in practical applications.
{"title":"Mechanical behavior of sisal glass-reinforced polymer composites under tensile loading and geometric irregularities","authors":"D. Tamilvendan, A.R. Ravikumar, ArunKumar Munimathan, M. Ganesh","doi":"10.1177/09544089241270770","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09544089241270770","url":null,"abstract":"The study aims to evaluate the tensile behavior of sisal glass-reinforced polymer composites with varying geometric irregularities. Composite laminates were fabricated using a hand layup technique, incorporating sisal fiber woven reinforcement and ortho-phthalic unsaturated polyester resin. The laminates, configured with 7 and 9 layers, were subjected to tensile testing with and without 6 mm and 12 mm diameter central holes and double holes spaced at 6.2 mm, 12 mm, and 48 mm intervals. The tensile tests were conducted using an electromechanical test system, and the results were analyzed to determine the ultimate tensile strength, modulus of elasticity, and failure strain for each specimen type. The findings revealed significant differences in tensile strength depending on the presence and size of the holes. Specimens with central holes exhibited a reduction in tensile strength, with the extent of strength reduction dependent on the hole diameter. Larger holes resulted in more severe stress concentrations, leading to greater strength degradation. Double-hole specimens showed similar strength reduction patterns, with closer spacing exacerbating the stress concentration effects. The residual strength ratio (RSR) for different configurations conformed to expected values for fiber-reinforced composites with circular hole-type defects. The study underscores the critical impact of geometric irregularities on the mechanical performance of sisal glass-reinforced polymer composites. These findings can guide the development of design strategies to mitigate the adverse effects of stress concentrators, thereby enhancing the reliability and durability of these materials in practical applications.","PeriodicalId":20552,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E: Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142226210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-23DOI: 10.1177/09544089241271765
Ram Krishna, Pankaj Kumar Gupta
Efficient transportation of minerals and solid materials through pipelines requires very complex parameters and conditions. This research investigates the correlations between different flow parameters and pipe design elements to predict bend pressure drop—a factor that indicates the possibility of erosion both in the straight pipeline sections and in the bends. Adopting a response surface methodology approach, this study identifies material conveyance conditions with best results while maintaining minimal bend pressure drop. The research shows the significant influence of slurry concentration, velocity, particle diameter, particle concentration, and pipe diameter on bend pressure drop. The speed of conveyance turns out to be the main variable that affects the bend section, whereas in the horizontal pipe portions, the pipe diameter becomes more important. This research paper gives critical consideration of the factors controlling material conveyance with the aim of reducing bend pressure drop by up to 15% for dense slurry flow inside horizontal pipelines. This study reports the outcomes, including the results of the right design values for the parameters as 1.787 m/s, 8.82, 450 μm, 466.442 mm, and 1.2 for inlet velocity of the mixture, solid volume concentration, particle size, pipe diameter, and bend ratio. The response parameter bend pressure drop was 49.7 Pa at such conditions. This study provides valuable insights into optimizing material conveyance by understanding and manipulating these key parameters to reduce bend pressure drop by up to 15% in dense slurry flow within horizontal pipelines.
{"title":"Optimizing pressure drop in 90° bend horizontal pipelines for dense slurry flow: A response surface methodology approach","authors":"Ram Krishna, Pankaj Kumar Gupta","doi":"10.1177/09544089241271765","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09544089241271765","url":null,"abstract":"Efficient transportation of minerals and solid materials through pipelines requires very complex parameters and conditions. This research investigates the correlations between different flow parameters and pipe design elements to predict bend pressure drop—a factor that indicates the possibility of erosion both in the straight pipeline sections and in the bends. Adopting a response surface methodology approach, this study identifies material conveyance conditions with best results while maintaining minimal bend pressure drop. The research shows the significant influence of slurry concentration, velocity, particle diameter, particle concentration, and pipe diameter on bend pressure drop. The speed of conveyance turns out to be the main variable that affects the bend section, whereas in the horizontal pipe portions, the pipe diameter becomes more important. This research paper gives critical consideration of the factors controlling material conveyance with the aim of reducing bend pressure drop by up to 15% for dense slurry flow inside horizontal pipelines. This study reports the outcomes, including the results of the right design values for the parameters as 1.787 m/s, 8.82, 450 μm, 466.442 mm, and 1.2 for inlet velocity of the mixture, solid volume concentration, particle size, pipe diameter, and bend ratio. The response parameter bend pressure drop was 49.7 Pa at such conditions. This study provides valuable insights into optimizing material conveyance by understanding and manipulating these key parameters to reduce bend pressure drop by up to 15% in dense slurry flow within horizontal pipelines.","PeriodicalId":20552,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E: Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142226212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-23DOI: 10.1177/09544089241274037
Hashem Sabri, Omid Mehrabi, Mohammad Khoran, Mahmoud Moradi
In this study, the experimental investigation of the laser cutting process of polyethylene terephthalate glycol (PETG) sheets fabricated by the fused deposition modeling (FDM), was studied. The PETG sheets, with dimensions of 50 × 100 mm and thicknesses of 2.5, 5, and 7.5 mm, were fabricated using the FDM technique. Then, postprocessing laser cutting of the PETG sheets was undertaken by utilizing a 120-watt CO2 laser cutting. Response surface methodology was used to evaluate the influence of laser power (75–105 W), sheet thickness (2.5–7.5 mm), and cutting speed (4–10 mm/s) on the upper kerf width (UKW), lower kerf width (LKW), the ratio of UKW to LKW (ratio), and upper heat affected zone (HAZ) of the cutting kerf wall. The kerf wall was photographed byusing an optical microscope; and the kerf geometry dimension values were measured by ImageJ software. The results showed that all three parameters of sheet thickness, cutting speed, and laser power have impact on the kerf geometry characteristics. The reduction in the cutting speed and rise in the laser power increased the UKW and LKW, due to the increase in laser input heat. Furthermore, by increasing the sheet thickness and laser power and decreasing the cutting speed, the ratio decreased. Considering the minimum speed of 4 mm/s and maximum power of 105 W in the PETG sheet with a thickness of 7.5 mm, the highest values of the UKW and LKW were 336.6 and 582.2 μm, respectively. The HAZ decreased as power was reduced and speed was increased. The minimum HAZ value of 118 μm was achieved at a maximum speed of 10 mm/s with a sheet thickness of 7.5 mm.
{"title":"Leveraging CO2 laser cutting for enhancing fused deposition modeling (FDM) 3D printed PETG parts through postprocessing","authors":"Hashem Sabri, Omid Mehrabi, Mohammad Khoran, Mahmoud Moradi","doi":"10.1177/09544089241274037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09544089241274037","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, the experimental investigation of the laser cutting process of polyethylene terephthalate glycol (PETG) sheets fabricated by the fused deposition modeling (FDM), was studied. The PETG sheets, with dimensions of 50 × 100 mm and thicknesses of 2.5, 5, and 7.5 mm, were fabricated using the FDM technique. Then, postprocessing laser cutting of the PETG sheets was undertaken by utilizing a 120-watt CO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> laser cutting. Response surface methodology was used to evaluate the influence of laser power (75–105 W), sheet thickness (2.5–7.5 mm), and cutting speed (4–10 mm/s) on the upper kerf width (UKW), lower kerf width (LKW), the ratio of UKW to LKW (ratio), and upper heat affected zone (HAZ) of the cutting kerf wall. The kerf wall was photographed byusing an optical microscope; and the kerf geometry dimension values were measured by ImageJ software. The results showed that all three parameters of sheet thickness, cutting speed, and laser power have impact on the kerf geometry characteristics. The reduction in the cutting speed and rise in the laser power increased the UKW and LKW, due to the increase in laser input heat. Furthermore, by increasing the sheet thickness and laser power and decreasing the cutting speed, the ratio decreased. Considering the minimum speed of 4 mm/s and maximum power of 105 W in the PETG sheet with a thickness of 7.5 mm, the highest values of the UKW and LKW were 336.6 and 582.2 μm, respectively. The HAZ decreased as power was reduced and speed was increased. The minimum HAZ value of 118 μm was achieved at a maximum speed of 10 mm/s with a sheet thickness of 7.5 mm.","PeriodicalId":20552,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E: Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142204825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-23DOI: 10.1177/09544089241275776
V. Ramesh Babu, S. Suresh
The conversion of saline water into pure water by employing passive solar still (PSS) is a big challenge due to its low productivity. One of the methods to enhance productivity is decreasing the volumetric heat capacity of the cabin. The productivity from the PSS surges with minimum water depths and the maximum temperature gradient between the glass cover and unprocessed water. This work signifies a comparative study of PSS having three different cabin depths. First, the production of normal PSS is recorded and then the cabin depth is modified by the step provided in the cabin itself by placing the water tray on it. Lastly, the cabin depth is adjusted by providing detachable supports inside the cabin. The experiments were carried out in the location of Nagercoil, Tamil Nādu, India (8.1833° N, 77.4119° E). The variation in still production is analyzed. The experimental data shows that the production of PSS with a 40 mm height water tray is more than the other two cabin depths. The maximum distilled water output obtained is 2360 ml/m2 per day for a 40 mm height water tray, 2000 ml/m2 per day for the normal cabin, and 1600 ml/m2 per day for a 70 mm height water tray. Energy payback time and distilled water production cost of the 40 mm height water tray were around 1.43 years and Rs. 2.75/m3, respectively.
{"title":"Evaluation of single slope solar still with different cabin depths with the minimum basin water level","authors":"V. Ramesh Babu, S. Suresh","doi":"10.1177/09544089241275776","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09544089241275776","url":null,"abstract":"The conversion of saline water into pure water by employing passive solar still (PSS) is a big challenge due to its low productivity. One of the methods to enhance productivity is decreasing the volumetric heat capacity of the cabin. The productivity from the PSS surges with minimum water depths and the maximum temperature gradient between the glass cover and unprocessed water. This work signifies a comparative study of PSS having three different cabin depths. First, the production of normal PSS is recorded and then the cabin depth is modified by the step provided in the cabin itself by placing the water tray on it. Lastly, the cabin depth is adjusted by providing detachable supports inside the cabin. The experiments were carried out in the location of Nagercoil, Tamil Nādu, India (8.1833° N, 77.4119° E). The variation in still production is analyzed. The experimental data shows that the production of PSS with a 40 mm height water tray is more than the other two cabin depths. The maximum distilled water output obtained is 2360 ml/m<jats:sup>2</jats:sup> per day for a 40 mm height water tray, 2000 ml/m<jats:sup>2</jats:sup> per day for the normal cabin, and 1600 ml/m<jats:sup>2</jats:sup> per day for a 70 mm height water tray. Energy payback time and distilled water production cost of the 40 mm height water tray were around 1.43 years and Rs. 2.75/m<jats:sup>3</jats:sup>, respectively.","PeriodicalId":20552,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E: Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142204824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-23DOI: 10.1177/09544089241275002
Ratchagaraja Dhairiyasamy, Silambarasan Rajendran
High-concentration photovoltaic (HCPV) systems require cooling methods to maintain cell efficiency. Passive fin heat sinks and active microchannel heat exchangers are potential cooling solutions. Nanofluids are an emerging coolant that could enhance heat transfer in microchannels. This work experimentally evaluated the performance of a fin heat sink and microchannel heat exchanger for cooling HCPV systems. The study also examined silver nanofluids at 0.0005–0.005 vol% concentrations in the microchannel heat exchanger. A small-scale HCPV system with the fin heat sink was built and tested outdoors under 500–1100 W/m2 solar irradiance. An experimental bench was constructed to evaluate the microchannel heat exchanger at 5–15 heat fluxes (W/cm2) and 25–35 °C inlet temperatures using water and a 50/50 water/ethylene glycol base fluid. Silver nanofluids increased heat transfer up to 20% but also increased pressure drop compared to base fluids. The fin heat sink achieved 2.5–3.0 °C/W thermal resistance, while the microchannel heat exchanger exhibited 0.5–1.5 °C/W, a 60–80% reduction. Microchannel cooling shows excellent potential for HCPV systems due to its low thermal resistance. Silver nanofluids increased heat transfer up to 20% but also increased pressure drop compared to base fluids. The pressure drop penalty ranged from 5–15% over the base fluid at the same flow rates. Silver nanofluids can enhance heat transfer but require optimization to balance thermal and hydraulic improvements.
{"title":"Experimental evaluation of passive and active cooling methods for high-concentration photovoltaic systems using nanofluids","authors":"Ratchagaraja Dhairiyasamy, Silambarasan Rajendran","doi":"10.1177/09544089241275002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09544089241275002","url":null,"abstract":"High-concentration photovoltaic (HCPV) systems require cooling methods to maintain cell efficiency. Passive fin heat sinks and active microchannel heat exchangers are potential cooling solutions. Nanofluids are an emerging coolant that could enhance heat transfer in microchannels. This work experimentally evaluated the performance of a fin heat sink and microchannel heat exchanger for cooling HCPV systems. The study also examined silver nanofluids at 0.0005–0.005 vol% concentrations in the microchannel heat exchanger. A small-scale HCPV system with the fin heat sink was built and tested outdoors under 500–1100 W/m<jats:sup>2</jats:sup> solar irradiance. An experimental bench was constructed to evaluate the microchannel heat exchanger at 5–15 heat fluxes (W/cm<jats:sup>2</jats:sup>) and 25–35 °C inlet temperatures using water and a 50/50 water/ethylene glycol base fluid. Silver nanofluids increased heat transfer up to 20% but also increased pressure drop compared to base fluids. The fin heat sink achieved 2.5–3.0 °C/W thermal resistance, while the microchannel heat exchanger exhibited 0.5–1.5 °C/W, a 60–80% reduction. Microchannel cooling shows excellent potential for HCPV systems due to its low thermal resistance. Silver nanofluids increased heat transfer up to 20% but also increased pressure drop compared to base fluids. The pressure drop penalty ranged from 5–15% over the base fluid at the same flow rates. Silver nanofluids can enhance heat transfer but require optimization to balance thermal and hydraulic improvements.","PeriodicalId":20552,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E: Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering","volume":"95 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142204829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-22DOI: 10.1177/09544089241272837
Metin Yilmaz, Canan Cimsit
This study focuses on the integration of a thermosyphon-type loop heat pipe into a vapor compression refrigeration cycle that operates a crane cabin air conditioner with a refrigeration capacity of 20 kW. The evaporator of the heat pipe is incorporated into the line between the compressor outlet and the condenser inlet of the vapor compression cycle. In addition, the condenser of the heat pipe is placed above the existing condenser. The heat pipe extracts heat from the hot R450A refrigerant exiting the compressor, reducing the refrigerant's temperature and, consequently, alleviating a portion of the condenser load from the existing system. Decreased load on the condenser reduces the saturation temperature. The impact of the heat pipe on the crane's air conditioning system was experimentally investigated. When the heat pipe is activated, the condensation temperature in the system is adjusted on the basis of the ambient temperature, allowing for a thorough examination of the heat pipe's effects on the system. According to the results of this study, it was concluded that the refrigeration capacity and COP values increased in the heat pipe case under the same operating conditions. In addition, when using a heat pipe, there are fewer CO2 emissions released into the environment. It is possible to reduce emissions from energy consumption and increase energy efficiency by using a heat pipe in the vapor compression refrigeration system.
{"title":"Experimental analysis of a vapor compression refrigeration cycle with heat pipe","authors":"Metin Yilmaz, Canan Cimsit","doi":"10.1177/09544089241272837","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09544089241272837","url":null,"abstract":"This study focuses on the integration of a thermosyphon-type loop heat pipe into a vapor compression refrigeration cycle that operates a crane cabin air conditioner with a refrigeration capacity of 20 kW. The evaporator of the heat pipe is incorporated into the line between the compressor outlet and the condenser inlet of the vapor compression cycle. In addition, the condenser of the heat pipe is placed above the existing condenser. The heat pipe extracts heat from the hot R450A refrigerant exiting the compressor, reducing the refrigerant's temperature and, consequently, alleviating a portion of the condenser load from the existing system. Decreased load on the condenser reduces the saturation temperature. The impact of the heat pipe on the crane's air conditioning system was experimentally investigated. When the heat pipe is activated, the condensation temperature in the system is adjusted on the basis of the ambient temperature, allowing for a thorough examination of the heat pipe's effects on the system. According to the results of this study, it was concluded that the refrigeration capacity and COP values increased in the heat pipe case under the same operating conditions. In addition, when using a heat pipe, there are fewer CO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> emissions released into the environment. It is possible to reduce emissions from energy consumption and increase energy efficiency by using a heat pipe in the vapor compression refrigeration system.","PeriodicalId":20552,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E: Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142204847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-22DOI: 10.1177/09544089241274988
Gadamsetty Revathi, Sagili Navaneeswara Reddy, M. Jayachandra Babu, Bellam Mahesh
Wavy cylinders add more complexity to the flow than smooth cylinders. Analyzing this flow helps researchers understand phenomena like boundary layer behavior, drag forces, and heat transfer patterns in real-world scenarios with uneven surfaces. For instance, this knowledge can be applied to understanding flow around underwater structures like pipelines or ship hulls. This study investigates the novel influence of activation energy on radiative hybrid nanofluid flow past a wavy cylinder subjected to an induced magnetic field. We use engine oil containing a mixture of nickel zinc ferrite and manganese zinc ferrite nanoparticles as the base fluid, providing a unique combination of materials not previously explored in this context. We have transformed the problem's equations into a collection of ordinary differential equations and skillfully resolved them using the bvp4c solver. Using bar graphs, the relevant physical characteristics, including the Nusselt number, are discussed. The outcomes for the saddle stagnation-point and nodal stagnation-point scenarios are displayed. Results show that friction factor rises with increasing volume fraction of nickel zinc ferrite and declines with increasing magnetic parameter; these are the main conclusions drawn from the study. The friction factor shrinks at a rate of 0.6803 for nodal stagnation points and 0.73692 for saddle stagnation points when the magnetic parameter is between 0.05 and 0.3. The Sherwood number lowers by 0.0046 (in the case of a nodal stagnation point) and 0.00512 (in the case of a saddle stagnation point) when the activation energy parameter is between 0 and 2. It is also found that as thermal radiation increases, the fluid temperature rises. The findings have implications for designing microfluidic devices, optimizing heat exchanger performance in the presence of magnetic fields, and managing thermal dissipation in miniaturized electronics using wavy surfaces and controlled thermal radiation.
{"title":"Impact of activation energy and thermal radiation on hybrid nanofluid (engine oil + nickel zinc ferrite + manganese zinc ferrite) flow over a wavy cylinder in the presence of induced magnetic field","authors":"Gadamsetty Revathi, Sagili Navaneeswara Reddy, M. Jayachandra Babu, Bellam Mahesh","doi":"10.1177/09544089241274988","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09544089241274988","url":null,"abstract":"Wavy cylinders add more complexity to the flow than smooth cylinders. Analyzing this flow helps researchers understand phenomena like boundary layer behavior, drag forces, and heat transfer patterns in real-world scenarios with uneven surfaces. For instance, this knowledge can be applied to understanding flow around underwater structures like pipelines or ship hulls. This study investigates the novel influence of activation energy on radiative hybrid nanofluid flow past a wavy cylinder subjected to an induced magnetic field. We use engine oil containing a mixture of nickel zinc ferrite and manganese zinc ferrite nanoparticles as the base fluid, providing a unique combination of materials not previously explored in this context. We have transformed the problem's equations into a collection of ordinary differential equations and skillfully resolved them using the bvp4c solver. Using bar graphs, the relevant physical characteristics, including the Nusselt number, are discussed. The outcomes for the saddle stagnation-point and nodal stagnation-point scenarios are displayed. Results show that friction factor rises with increasing volume fraction of nickel zinc ferrite and declines with increasing magnetic parameter; these are the main conclusions drawn from the study. The friction factor shrinks at a rate of 0.6803 for nodal stagnation points and 0.73692 for saddle stagnation points when the magnetic parameter is between 0.05 and 0.3. The Sherwood number lowers by 0.0046 (in the case of a nodal stagnation point) and 0.00512 (in the case of a saddle stagnation point) when the activation energy parameter is between 0 and 2. It is also found that as thermal radiation increases, the fluid temperature rises. The findings have implications for designing microfluidic devices, optimizing heat exchanger performance in the presence of magnetic fields, and managing thermal dissipation in miniaturized electronics using wavy surfaces and controlled thermal radiation.","PeriodicalId":20552,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E: Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142204831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The heat transfer performance of oscillating heat pipe (OHP) depends on various parameters, and one such vital parameter is the wettability of its surface. In a conventional OHP (COHP), the wettability on all sections is uniform. In the present numerical study, a hybrid OHP having different wettability at different sections, that is an OHP with a hydrophilic evaporator and a superhydrophobic condenser, is proposed to recover larger quantities of low-grade waste heat (WH). The performance of the hybrid OHP is numerically investigated for different filling ratios (FRs) varying the range of 30%–90% and varying low-grade WH temperatures (WHT) between 320 K and 350 K, with water as the working fluid. Incorporation of a hydrophilic evaporator reduced the start-up time by 20%–80%, which is attributed to early onset of bubble nucleation. At the same time, the superhydrophobic condenser, owing to lower surface tension forces, increased the rate of condensation by promoting dropwise condensation, resulting in increased sensible and latent heat transfer in the hybrid OHP. Also, it was observed that the slug motion in hybrid OHP increased with an increase in low-grade WHT. The heat transfer performance of hybrid OHP increased with an increase of FR up to 80%, and thereafter the heat transfer performance is decreased. It was envisaged from the results that the heat transfer performance of the hybrid OHP is increased with increase in low-grade WHT. The highest mean heat transfer coefficient of 1270 W/m2-K is obtained in hybrid OHP at an FR of 80% and WHT of 350 K, which is 70.52% higher than COHP, indicating its suitability in low-grade WH recovery systems.
{"title":"Numerical study on the heat transfer performance of a hybrid oscillating heat pipe and its application in the recovery of low-grade waste heat systems","authors":"Raghuvaran Chinchedu, Kiran Kumar K, Chandramohan VP","doi":"10.1177/09544089241272757","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09544089241272757","url":null,"abstract":"The heat transfer performance of oscillating heat pipe (OHP) depends on various parameters, and one such vital parameter is the wettability of its surface. In a conventional OHP (COHP), the wettability on all sections is uniform. In the present numerical study, a hybrid OHP having different wettability at different sections, that is an OHP with a hydrophilic evaporator and a superhydrophobic condenser, is proposed to recover larger quantities of low-grade waste heat (WH). The performance of the hybrid OHP is numerically investigated for different filling ratios (FRs) varying the range of 30%–90% and varying low-grade WH temperatures (WHT) between 320 K and 350 K, with water as the working fluid. Incorporation of a hydrophilic evaporator reduced the start-up time by 20%–80%, which is attributed to early onset of bubble nucleation. At the same time, the superhydrophobic condenser, owing to lower surface tension forces, increased the rate of condensation by promoting dropwise condensation, resulting in increased sensible and latent heat transfer in the hybrid OHP. Also, it was observed that the slug motion in hybrid OHP increased with an increase in low-grade WHT. The heat transfer performance of hybrid OHP increased with an increase of FR up to 80%, and thereafter the heat transfer performance is decreased. It was envisaged from the results that the heat transfer performance of the hybrid OHP is increased with increase in low-grade WHT. The highest mean heat transfer coefficient of 1270 W/m<jats:sup>2</jats:sup>-K is obtained in hybrid OHP at an FR of 80% and WHT of 350 K, which is 70.52% higher than COHP, indicating its suitability in low-grade WH recovery systems.","PeriodicalId":20552,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E: Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142204848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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