Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.5220/0009957000740079
Rila Suryani, N. Nazaruddin, K. Hasballah, Muhammad Diah, Hardi Yusuf, Juniarti, Syaifullah Muhammad, Khairan
: The study of citronellal with L-tyrosin conjugation for antimicrobial properties has been conducted. The aim of this study to determine the relationship stucture between two compounds citronellal and L-tyrosine on antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus , Escherichia coli , and Candida albicans . The conjugation product obtained was yellow-white solid amorphous with the Rf value was 0.84 and the percentage of yield was 71.12%. The FT-IR spectra peak at 3205.69 cm -1 is represented the N-H stretching vibration from L-tyrosine, while the spectra appears at 1460.11 - 1438.90 cm -1 are represented the C=N which derived from imine or immonium from shift base reaction between citronellal and L-tyrosine. The GC-MS analysis showed that the peak 15 observed at RT 10.27 min. be expected a conjugation product with the m/z 316 [ M +H] + ion. The antimicrobial activity were determined by well diffusion method and the results showed that product of conjugation were have no antimicrobail activities at concentration tested.
对香茅醛与l -酪氨酸偶联的抗菌性能进行了研究。本研究的目的是确定香茅醛和l -酪氨酸两种化合物对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌和白色念珠菌抑菌活性的关系结构。得到的共轭产物为黄白色固体无定形，Rf值为0.84，收率为71.12%。3205.69 cm -1处的FT-IR峰为l -酪氨酸产生的N- h拉伸振动，1460.11 ~ 1438.90 cm -1处的FT-IR峰为香橼醛与l -酪氨酸的移碱反应产生的亚胺或铵产生的C=N。GC-MS分析表明，在RT 10.27 min观察到的峰15可能是与m/z 316 [m +H] +离子的偶联产物。用孔扩散法测定其抑菌活性，结果表明，偶联产物在浓度测试时无抑菌活性。
{"title":"Conjugation Reaction between Citronellal and L-Tyrosine and Its Antimicrobial Properties against Bacteria and Fungi","authors":"Rila Suryani, N. Nazaruddin, K. Hasballah, Muhammad Diah, Hardi Yusuf, Juniarti, Syaifullah Muhammad, Khairan","doi":"10.5220/0009957000740079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5220/0009957000740079","url":null,"abstract":": The study of citronellal with L-tyrosin conjugation for antimicrobial properties has been conducted. The aim of this study to determine the relationship stucture between two compounds citronellal and L-tyrosine on antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus , Escherichia coli , and Candida albicans . The conjugation product obtained was yellow-white solid amorphous with the Rf value was 0.84 and the percentage of yield was 71.12%. The FT-IR spectra peak at 3205.69 cm -1 is represented the N-H stretching vibration from L-tyrosine, while the spectra appears at 1460.11 - 1438.90 cm -1 are represented the C=N which derived from imine or immonium from shift base reaction between citronellal and L-tyrosine. The GC-MS analysis showed that the peak 15 observed at RT 10.27 min. be expected a conjugation product with the m/z 316 [ M +H] + ion. The antimicrobial activity were determined by well diffusion method and the results showed that product of conjugation were have no antimicrobail activities at concentration tested.","PeriodicalId":20554,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference of Essential Oils","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89084381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.5220/0009957801190122
Juniarti, M. Abdussalam, I. Yuda, Indra Kusuma
: Essential oil have some antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. The aim of this study was to determine the chemical compounds, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of essential oil. The analysis of the mix essential oil was carried out using gas chromatography mass Spectrometry. The antioxidant activity of the essential oil was also evaluated using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay. Antimicrobial properties of the essential oil were assessed against Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sanguinis using the disk diffusion method. Free radical scavenging potentials showed values for IC 50 in 194 µg/ml for mix essential oil, which are close to the natural antioxidant (ascorbic acid) with an IC 50 of 2.98 µg/mL. The major of mix essential oil were α -pinene (24.54%), D-limonen (18.00%), cis-1- methyl-4-(1-methylethenyi)-l-cyclohexane (14.95%), 3-carene (8.92%), L-menthone (8.26) and β -pinene (5.72%).
{"title":"Evaluation of Antibacterial and Antioxidant Effects of Mix Essential Oil for Oral Health Care","authors":"Juniarti, M. Abdussalam, I. Yuda, Indra Kusuma","doi":"10.5220/0009957801190122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5220/0009957801190122","url":null,"abstract":": Essential oil have some antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. The aim of this study was to determine the chemical compounds, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of essential oil. The analysis of the mix essential oil was carried out using gas chromatography mass Spectrometry. The antioxidant activity of the essential oil was also evaluated using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay. Antimicrobial properties of the essential oil were assessed against Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sanguinis using the disk diffusion method. Free radical scavenging potentials showed values for IC 50 in 194 µg/ml for mix essential oil, which are close to the natural antioxidant (ascorbic acid) with an IC 50 of 2.98 µg/mL. The major of mix essential oil were α -pinene (24.54%), D-limonen (18.00%), cis-1- methyl-4-(1-methylethenyi)-l-cyclohexane (14.95%), 3-carene (8.92%), L-menthone (8.26) and β -pinene (5.72%).","PeriodicalId":20554,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference of Essential Oils","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91280875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.5220/0009973101650169
A. Nurdin, R. Yunilawati
: Rhodinol is a mixture of citronellol and geraniol that can be esterified using organic acids into citronellol esters and geraniol esters to generate a specific odour as fragrances. Rhodinol esters in this study were synthesized from citronella oil by first reducing to convert the citronellal in citronella oil into citronellol. Reduction was carried out using NaBH 4 in conditions with ethanol as a solvent and without a solvent and the variation of mole ratio. Esterification of reduction product (rhodinol) was done to produce rhodinol ester. Reduction citronellal in citronella oil was efficient without solvent in the mole ratio of citronellal and NaBH 4 1:1, and successfully converted citronellal to citronellol with the rhodinol total (citronellol and geraniol) was 65.85%. Esterification of rhodinol produced 69.69% rhodinol ester which contains 55.16 % citronellyl acetate and 14.53% geranyl acetate.
{"title":"Synthesis of Rhodinol Ester from Citronella Oil Reduction Product","authors":"A. Nurdin, R. Yunilawati","doi":"10.5220/0009973101650169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5220/0009973101650169","url":null,"abstract":": Rhodinol is a mixture of citronellol and geraniol that can be esterified using organic acids into citronellol esters and geraniol esters to generate a specific odour as fragrances. Rhodinol esters in this study were synthesized from citronella oil by first reducing to convert the citronellal in citronella oil into citronellol. Reduction was carried out using NaBH 4 in conditions with ethanol as a solvent and without a solvent and the variation of mole ratio. Esterification of reduction product (rhodinol) was done to produce rhodinol ester. Reduction citronellal in citronella oil was efficient without solvent in the mole ratio of citronellal and NaBH 4 1:1, and successfully converted citronellal to citronellol with the rhodinol total (citronellol and geraniol) was 65.85%. Esterification of rhodinol produced 69.69% rhodinol ester which contains 55.16 % citronellyl acetate and 14.53% geranyl acetate.","PeriodicalId":20554,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference of Essential Oils","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74647315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.5220/0009954800220028
C. Dewi
: Patchouli consist of some varieties that have different patchouli alcohol (PA). This variety can be recognized by experts who dabbling with patchouli plants through observation of shape and texture of the leaf. This study introduced a new method to identify patchouli varieties by utilizing leaf images. The wavelet feature extraction was used to obtain leaf texture characteristics. The varieties then are identified by using Learning Vector Quantization (LVQ) Neural Network algorithm. The results of testing on 40 leaf image data showed the value of recognition accuracy of patchouli varieties reached 83, 33%. This result is obtained by wavelet parameters namely doubechies level 3, doubechies coefficient 3, and LVQ parameters, namely learning rate 0.1 learning rate reduction constant 0.2. These results can be said to be quite good considering that the patchouli leaf tested have almost similar shape and color.
{"title":"Hybrid of Wavelet Feature Extraction and LVQ Neural Network to Recognize Patchouli Variety using Leaf Images","authors":"C. Dewi","doi":"10.5220/0009954800220028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5220/0009954800220028","url":null,"abstract":": Patchouli consist of some varieties that have different patchouli alcohol (PA). This variety can be recognized by experts who dabbling with patchouli plants through observation of shape and texture of the leaf. This study introduced a new method to identify patchouli varieties by utilizing leaf images. The wavelet feature extraction was used to obtain leaf texture characteristics. The varieties then are identified by using Learning Vector Quantization (LVQ) Neural Network algorithm. The results of testing on 40 leaf image data showed the value of recognition accuracy of patchouli varieties reached 83, 33%. This result is obtained by wavelet parameters namely doubechies level 3, doubechies coefficient 3, and LVQ parameters, namely learning rate 0.1 learning rate reduction constant 0.2. These results can be said to be quite good considering that the patchouli leaf tested have almost similar shape and color.","PeriodicalId":20554,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference of Essential Oils","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87518549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.5220/0009957400960100
Yoke Kusuma Arbawa, C. Dewi
: Essential oils can grow well and produce good quality of essential oils if planted in an area that has sufficient nutrient content. In this study, the classification of soil nutrient content was carried out using soil images as an alternative to soil testing in the laboratory. The nutrient content identified in this study is Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potassium (N, P, K). The identification process begins with the extraction of soil texture features using the Gray-Level Cooccurrence Matrix (GLCM) and continues with the classification of nutrient content using k-NN. As a comparison in the calculation, the validation process used data from nutrient testing results in the laboratory. Based on the results of tests on 693 data training and 297 data testing of soil images, test results are obtained accuracy of 90.5724% for Nitrogen, 92.9293% for Phosphorus, and 91.9192% for Potassium. These results indicate that image processing in soil images can be used as an alternative in identifying soil nutrient content.
{"title":"Soil Nutrient Content Classification for Essential Oil Plants using kNN","authors":"Yoke Kusuma Arbawa, C. Dewi","doi":"10.5220/0009957400960100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5220/0009957400960100","url":null,"abstract":": Essential oils can grow well and produce good quality of essential oils if planted in an area that has sufficient nutrient content. In this study, the classification of soil nutrient content was carried out using soil images as an alternative to soil testing in the laboratory. The nutrient content identified in this study is Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potassium (N, P, K). The identification process begins with the extraction of soil texture features using the Gray-Level Cooccurrence Matrix (GLCM) and continues with the classification of nutrient content using k-NN. As a comparison in the calculation, the validation process used data from nutrient testing results in the laboratory. Based on the results of tests on 693 data training and 297 data testing of soil images, test results are obtained accuracy of 90.5724% for Nitrogen, 92.9293% for Phosphorus, and 91.9192% for Potassium. These results indicate that image processing in soil images can be used as an alternative in identifying soil nutrient content.","PeriodicalId":20554,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference of Essential Oils","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77638607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.5220/0009973001590164
Zuyasna, Andre, S. Hafsah
: The aims of the study were to determine the concentration of colchicine and the best immersion length for the growth of patchouli cuttings. This study used a Randomized Block Design (RBD) 4 x 4 factorial pattern with 5 replications, the factors tested were: Colchicine concentration consisted of 4 levels (C0: Without Colchicine, C1: 0.25% Colchicine, C2: 0.50% Colchicine and C3: 0.75% Colchicine) and immersion length consists of 4 levels (R1: 2 hours, R2: 4 hours, R3: 6 hours, and R4: 8 hours). This research conducted in Sigli - Pidie Regency, Aceh-Indonesia from May to July 2016. The colchicine concentration affected the height, leaf area, and number of patchouli branches. Length of immersion give a different response. There was an interaction between the concentrations of colchicine and length of immersion in plant height, but there was no interaction on leaf area and number of patchouli branches.
{"title":"The Effects of Colchicine Concentration and Length of Immersion on Cutting Growth of Patchouli (Pogostemon cablin Benth)","authors":"Zuyasna, Andre, S. Hafsah","doi":"10.5220/0009973001590164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5220/0009973001590164","url":null,"abstract":": The aims of the study were to determine the concentration of colchicine and the best immersion length for the growth of patchouli cuttings. This study used a Randomized Block Design (RBD) 4 x 4 factorial pattern with 5 replications, the factors tested were: Colchicine concentration consisted of 4 levels (C0: Without Colchicine, C1: 0.25% Colchicine, C2: 0.50% Colchicine and C3: 0.75% Colchicine) and immersion length consists of 4 levels (R1: 2 hours, R2: 4 hours, R3: 6 hours, and R4: 8 hours). This research conducted in Sigli - Pidie Regency, Aceh-Indonesia from May to July 2016. The colchicine concentration affected the height, leaf area, and number of patchouli branches. Length of immersion give a different response. There was an interaction between the concentrations of colchicine and length of immersion in plant height, but there was no interaction on leaf area and number of patchouli branches.","PeriodicalId":20554,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference of Essential Oils","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75763495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.5220/0009957901230126
Gadis Dian Anggreini, M. Cahayo, .. Masruri, .. Warsito
This research has been conducted on the effect of esterification reaction in the chemical composition of rhodinol fraction from java citronella oil (Cymbopogon winterianus). The reaction process in this research is done at 230 ° C by using rhodinol fraction and acetic anhydride with zeolite as a catalyst. Based on the research, the optimum reaction time is 1 hour and the optimum mole ratio of reactants is 1: 1. The% yield of citronellyl acetate and geranyl acetate are 74.06% and 95.92%.
{"title":"Esterification of Rhodinol Fraction with Acetic Anhydride using Zeolite Catalyst","authors":"Gadis Dian Anggreini, M. Cahayo, .. Masruri, .. Warsito","doi":"10.5220/0009957901230126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5220/0009957901230126","url":null,"abstract":"This research has been conducted on the effect of esterification reaction in the chemical composition of rhodinol fraction from java citronella oil (Cymbopogon winterianus). The reaction process in this research is done at 230 ° C by using rhodinol fraction and acetic anhydride with zeolite as a catalyst. Based on the research, the optimum reaction time is 1 hour and the optimum mole ratio of reactants is 1: 1. The% yield of citronellyl acetate and geranyl acetate are 74.06% and 95.92%.","PeriodicalId":20554,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference of Essential Oils","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84644901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.5220/0009957100800085
Y. Aisyah, S. H. Anwar, Y. Annisa
: Indonesia is one of the patchouli oil producers in the world, however, the problem is the quality of patchouli oil, especially patchouli alcohol content that are still below the required standard. One of the methods that can be used to increase the content of patchouli alcohol is fractional distillation method. This research aims to know the influence of the initial concentration of patchouli alcohol and height of column against increment of patchouli alcohol content in patchouli oil. The experimental design which used was Complete Randomized Design (CRD) consist of two factors, first factor namely the initial concentration of patchouli alcohol (C1 = 31,11%, C2 = 32,83%, and C3 = 33,61%) and second factor is height of column (H1 = 25 cm and H2 = 45 cm). Analysis of variance shows that the height of vigreux column has a real influence against the increased levels of patchouli alcohol. The highest levels of patchouli alcohol (83,86%) obtained from the residue fraction of distillation with 31.11 % initial concentration of patchouli alcohol and 45 cm height of column. The higher levels of patchouli alcohol in patchouli oil residue fraction, the higher specific gravity and the refractive index, and solubility in ethanol will be easier. The result shows that this sample have 1.013 specific gravity, clear in ethanol at 1:5 and have 1.5166 refractive index.
{"title":"Effect of the Fractional Distillation on an Increment Patchouli Alcohol Content in Patchouli Oil","authors":"Y. Aisyah, S. H. Anwar, Y. Annisa","doi":"10.5220/0009957100800085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5220/0009957100800085","url":null,"abstract":": Indonesia is one of the patchouli oil producers in the world, however, the problem is the quality of patchouli oil, especially patchouli alcohol content that are still below the required standard. One of the methods that can be used to increase the content of patchouli alcohol is fractional distillation method. This research aims to know the influence of the initial concentration of patchouli alcohol and height of column against increment of patchouli alcohol content in patchouli oil. The experimental design which used was Complete Randomized Design (CRD) consist of two factors, first factor namely the initial concentration of patchouli alcohol (C1 = 31,11%, C2 = 32,83%, and C3 = 33,61%) and second factor is height of column (H1 = 25 cm and H2 = 45 cm). Analysis of variance shows that the height of vigreux column has a real influence against the increased levels of patchouli alcohol. The highest levels of patchouli alcohol (83,86%) obtained from the residue fraction of distillation with 31.11 % initial concentration of patchouli alcohol and 45 cm height of column. The higher levels of patchouli alcohol in patchouli oil residue fraction, the higher specific gravity and the refractive index, and solubility in ethanol will be easier. The result shows that this sample have 1.013 specific gravity, clear in ethanol at 1:5 and have 1.5166 refractive index.","PeriodicalId":20554,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference of Essential Oils","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90105136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.5220/0009955000370040
Galuh Alya Stywarni, E. Iftitah, A. Srihardyastutie
Lactone is a widely flavor that is used in food production. Lactonization using microbial or enzyme has natural labelled products, has a higher economic value than artificial products and is safe for the environment. Lactonization of castor oil (Ricinus communis) using lipase B from Candida antarctica recombined Aspergillus oryzae (T = room, 40oC) for 24, 48 and 72 h were investigated. The lactonization reaction was carried out using a magnetic hotplate stirrer with the reaction system consisting of castor oil, n-hexane solvent, Na2CO3 solution, and lipase biocatalyst. Lactonization castor oil products were analysed using GC-MS. At T = room, the major products were ester: methyl ricinoleate, 53.64% (t = 24 h) and other products were fatty acids and lactone. Lactone: γ-dodecalactone, 1.75% (t = 48 h) was a minor product. Whereas at T = 40oC, only produced ester, the major product was methyl ricinoleate, 81.33% (t = 72 h).
{"title":"Lactonization Castor Oil (Ricinus Communis) using Lipase B from Candida Antarctica Recombined Aspergillus oryzae as Bioflavor","authors":"Galuh Alya Stywarni, E. Iftitah, A. Srihardyastutie","doi":"10.5220/0009955000370040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5220/0009955000370040","url":null,"abstract":"Lactone is a widely flavor that is used in food production. Lactonization using microbial or enzyme has natural labelled products, has a higher economic value than artificial products and is safe for the environment. Lactonization of castor oil (Ricinus communis) using lipase B from Candida antarctica recombined Aspergillus oryzae (T = room, 40oC) for 24, 48 and 72 h were investigated. The lactonization reaction was carried out using a magnetic hotplate stirrer with the reaction system consisting of castor oil, n-hexane solvent, Na2CO3 solution, and lipase biocatalyst. Lactonization castor oil products were analysed using GC-MS. At T = room, the major products were ester: methyl ricinoleate, 53.64% (t = 24 h) and other products were fatty acids and lactone. Lactone: γ-dodecalactone, 1.75% (t = 48 h) was a minor product. Whereas at T = 40oC, only produced ester, the major product was methyl ricinoleate, 81.33% (t = 72 h).","PeriodicalId":20554,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference of Essential Oils","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79484158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.5220/0009954600180021
Jose Giovanny
: Stress is a response of the body to any demand that can affect the body’s endocrine system such as the release of cortisol into the bloodstream. Essential oils have been widely used for stress treatment because they have a calming effect. One of them is cedarwood essential oil. This study was conducted to determine the effect of cedarwood balm against serum cortisol levels in rats which were given stressor. In this study wistar male rats were randomly selected. This animal was exposed to forced swim test as stressor and then they were given cedarwood balm. We used 3 groups, the first group were given a daily forced swim test and applied cedarwood balm on the shaved back, the second group were given a daily forced swim test only, the third group were given nothing. Their serum cortisol levels were measured by ELISA test after 30 days. Result were analysed by Kruskal Wallis test for all group and man whitney test as a post test (p < 0,05). Serum cortisol level was significantly lower in cedarwood balm group then the other groups. When the all group were compared, serum cortisol level was significantly different (p = 0,018). In conclusion this indicates that cedarwood balm affect the endocrine regulatory mechanism to modulate stress responses.
{"title":"Effect of Essential Oil of Cedarwood (Cedrus Atlantica) against Serum Cortisol Levels in Rats Which Were Given Stressor","authors":"Jose Giovanny","doi":"10.5220/0009954600180021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5220/0009954600180021","url":null,"abstract":": Stress is a response of the body to any demand that can affect the body’s endocrine system such as the release of cortisol into the bloodstream. Essential oils have been widely used for stress treatment because they have a calming effect. One of them is cedarwood essential oil. This study was conducted to determine the effect of cedarwood balm against serum cortisol levels in rats which were given stressor. In this study wistar male rats were randomly selected. This animal was exposed to forced swim test as stressor and then they were given cedarwood balm. We used 3 groups, the first group were given a daily forced swim test and applied cedarwood balm on the shaved back, the second group were given a daily forced swim test only, the third group were given nothing. Their serum cortisol levels were measured by ELISA test after 30 days. Result were analysed by Kruskal Wallis test for all group and man whitney test as a post test (p < 0,05). Serum cortisol level was significantly lower in cedarwood balm group then the other groups. When the all group were compared, serum cortisol level was significantly different (p = 0,018). In conclusion this indicates that cedarwood balm affect the endocrine regulatory mechanism to modulate stress responses.","PeriodicalId":20554,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference of Essential Oils","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86364123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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