Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.5220/0009956300600066
A. A. Cahyaningtyas, R. Yunilawati, B. Amalia, W. Handayani, C. Imawan
: Essential oils are one of the antimicrobial agents that are safe for food, and thus can be used as an antimicrobial label to extend the shelf life of food products. This study aims to prepare antimicrobial labels and to investigate their activities in shrimp. Antimicrobial labels are made using cinnamon oil in the recycled paper as a simple matrix. Cinnamon oil was tested on Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli using the paper disk diffusion method. From the results obtained, cinnamon oil has both antimicrobial activities. Cinnamon oil is also characterized using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) to determine the level and presence of compounds suspected of having antimicrobial activity. Cinnamon oil has interactions with recycled paper functional groups as measured by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Testing of antimicrobial labels on shrimp shows that the Total Volatile Basic Nitrogen (TVB-N) value is better than without the label. From the results of antimicrobial activity, can be seen that cinnamon oil applied to recycled paper has the potential to be used as a simple antimicrobial label.
{"title":"Simple Antimicrobial Labels from Cinnamon Oil Added to Recycled Paper","authors":"A. A. Cahyaningtyas, R. Yunilawati, B. Amalia, W. Handayani, C. Imawan","doi":"10.5220/0009956300600066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5220/0009956300600066","url":null,"abstract":": Essential oils are one of the antimicrobial agents that are safe for food, and thus can be used as an antimicrobial label to extend the shelf life of food products. This study aims to prepare antimicrobial labels and to investigate their activities in shrimp. Antimicrobial labels are made using cinnamon oil in the recycled paper as a simple matrix. Cinnamon oil was tested on Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli using the paper disk diffusion method. From the results obtained, cinnamon oil has both antimicrobial activities. Cinnamon oil is also characterized using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) to determine the level and presence of compounds suspected of having antimicrobial activity. Cinnamon oil has interactions with recycled paper functional groups as measured by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Testing of antimicrobial labels on shrimp shows that the Total Volatile Basic Nitrogen (TVB-N) value is better than without the label. From the results of antimicrobial activity, can be seen that cinnamon oil applied to recycled paper has the potential to be used as a simple antimicrobial label.","PeriodicalId":20554,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference of Essential Oils","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88179852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.5220/0009957200860090
R. Yunilawati, Dwinna Rahmi, C. Nuraeni, A. Riyanto, N. Muharyani, Pujo Sumantoro, .. Murgunadi, N. Hidayati
Seedlac is the organic resin obtained from secretion of female insect Laccifer lacca Kerr on a selected plant, one of them is Kesambi (Schleicera oleosa Merr). Seedlac contains almost 80% polyester which can be hydrolysed to ester compounds such as aleuritic acid which is an intermediate compound for the fragrance synthesis of the perfume industry. One of the problems in the seedlac hydrolysis is the presence of natural dyes (laccaic acid) which interfered with the hydrolysis process and affect the purity of the hydrolysis products. In this research, hydrolysis was carried out by first removing the natural dyes of shellac (decolorized process). The hydrolysis results were characterized using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry to determine the type of ester and its composition. The decolorized process of seedlac before hydrolysis in this experiment could improve the percentage of aleuritic acid up to 56%. Therefore, seedlac hydrolysis by decolorized process before hydrolysis can be considered for the production of esters from seedlac, especially
{"title":"Characterization of Seedlac Hydrolysis from Kesambi (Schleicera oleosa Merr) as an Intermediate Compound for Fragrance Synthesis","authors":"R. Yunilawati, Dwinna Rahmi, C. Nuraeni, A. Riyanto, N. Muharyani, Pujo Sumantoro, .. Murgunadi, N. Hidayati","doi":"10.5220/0009957200860090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5220/0009957200860090","url":null,"abstract":"Seedlac is the organic resin obtained from secretion of female insect Laccifer lacca Kerr on a selected plant, one of them is Kesambi (Schleicera oleosa Merr). Seedlac contains almost 80% polyester which can be hydrolysed to ester compounds such as aleuritic acid which is an intermediate compound for the fragrance synthesis of the perfume industry. One of the problems in the seedlac hydrolysis is the presence of natural dyes (laccaic acid) which interfered with the hydrolysis process and affect the purity of the hydrolysis products. In this research, hydrolysis was carried out by first removing the natural dyes of shellac (decolorized process). The hydrolysis results were characterized using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry to determine the type of ester and its composition. The decolorized process of seedlac before hydrolysis in this experiment could improve the percentage of aleuritic acid up to 56%. Therefore, seedlac hydrolysis by decolorized process before hydrolysis can be considered for the production of esters from seedlac, especially","PeriodicalId":20554,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference of Essential Oils","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82873256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.5220/0009956000410046
N. N. Aidha, R. Yunilawati, Irma Rumondang
Essential oils widely used as fragrances and flavours in the food and cosmetics industry and also for the medical and pharmaceutical fields for various effects. The demand increasing of essential oil caused the cases of adulteration that affect the authenticity of essential oil. The authenticity is important in ensuring the quality of essential oil. This study was aimed to analyse the authenticity of essential oil use Gas ChromatographyMass Spectrometry (GC-MS) by determining its chemical component. The experiment included repeatability, accuracy, and limit of detection. GC performed on HP-5MS capillary column operated in 600C-2400C temperature programs. This method successfully applied to all types of essential oil with limit detection of clove oil was 0.02 ppm, citronella oil was 0.033 ppm, patchouli oil was 0.005 ppm, and lemongrass was 0.016 ppm. All types of essential oil also have good repeatability and accuracy with these methods. This study will facilitate the scientific community by enhancing the efficient method for essential oil.
{"title":"Method Development for Analysis of Essential Oils Authenticity using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS)","authors":"N. N. Aidha, R. Yunilawati, Irma Rumondang","doi":"10.5220/0009956000410046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5220/0009956000410046","url":null,"abstract":"Essential oils widely used as fragrances and flavours in the food and cosmetics industry and also for the medical and pharmaceutical fields for various effects. The demand increasing of essential oil caused the cases of adulteration that affect the authenticity of essential oil. The authenticity is important in ensuring the quality of essential oil. This study was aimed to analyse the authenticity of essential oil use Gas ChromatographyMass Spectrometry (GC-MS) by determining its chemical component. The experiment included repeatability, accuracy, and limit of detection. GC performed on HP-5MS capillary column operated in 600C-2400C temperature programs. This method successfully applied to all types of essential oil with limit detection of clove oil was 0.02 ppm, citronella oil was 0.033 ppm, patchouli oil was 0.005 ppm, and lemongrass was 0.016 ppm. All types of essential oil also have good repeatability and accuracy with these methods. This study will facilitate the scientific community by enhancing the efficient method for essential oil.","PeriodicalId":20554,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference of Essential Oils","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82315722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.5220/0009957300910095
Risna Silvianti, .. Warsito, C. Cahyani
: The aim of this work was to separate major components from citronella oil using vacuum distillation fractionation method. Operating condition that used in this study is vacuum pressure 10-30 mmHg. This process depends on the pressure and temperature of the system, as well the physical and chemical characteristics of the components to be separated.Based on GC-MS analysis of Citronella Oil is known that citronellal, citronellol, and geraniol has yielded 7,42%; 11,25%; and 31,68%, respectively. Fractional distillation under reduced pressure can isolate major component like limonene,citronellal,citronellol and rhodinol with higher purity 55.56%; 25.57%; and 46.19%, respectively .
{"title":"Separation Process of Citronellal and Rhodinol from Citronella Oil using Vacuum Fractionations at Pilot Plant Scale","authors":"Risna Silvianti, .. Warsito, C. Cahyani","doi":"10.5220/0009957300910095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5220/0009957300910095","url":null,"abstract":": The aim of this work was to separate major components from citronella oil using vacuum distillation fractionation method. Operating condition that used in this study is vacuum pressure 10-30 mmHg. This process depends on the pressure and temperature of the system, as well the physical and chemical characteristics of the components to be separated.Based on GC-MS analysis of Citronella Oil is known that citronellal, citronellol, and geraniol has yielded 7,42%; 11,25%; and 31,68%, respectively. Fractional distillation under reduced pressure can isolate major component like limonene,citronellal,citronellol and rhodinol with higher purity 55.56%; 25.57%; and 46.19%, respectively .","PeriodicalId":20554,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference of Essential Oils","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74584655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.5220/0009956200540059
B. Amalia, R. Yunilawati, W. Handayani, C. A. Arianita, C. Imawan
The use of an antimicrobial label in food packaging as a form of active packaging is an interesting to investigate. This label can be used to extend the shelf life of food. Lemongrass oil is one of essential oil that is potential used as an antimicrobial agent. In this study, the antimicrobial effect of label made from concord paper which incorporated with lemongrass oil was prepared and tested against the bacteria Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus using disk inhibition zone method. This antimicrobial label was tested using FTIR to investigate the interaction between essential oil and the matrix. The lemongrass oil was tested using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry to determine the levels and presence of compounds suspected of having antimicrobial activity. The labels have antibacterial activity against E. coli with the diameter of inhibition zone maximum about 47.85 mm but not active toward the S. aureus. From the results of the antibacterial test can be seen that the use of antibacterial label is promising when used for food safety with a prolonged shelf
{"title":"Antimicrobial Effect of Concord Paper Containing with Lemongrass Oil against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus","authors":"B. Amalia, R. Yunilawati, W. Handayani, C. A. Arianita, C. Imawan","doi":"10.5220/0009956200540059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5220/0009956200540059","url":null,"abstract":"The use of an antimicrobial label in food packaging as a form of active packaging is an interesting to investigate. This label can be used to extend the shelf life of food. Lemongrass oil is one of essential oil that is potential used as an antimicrobial agent. In this study, the antimicrobial effect of label made from concord paper which incorporated with lemongrass oil was prepared and tested against the bacteria Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus using disk inhibition zone method. This antimicrobial label was tested using FTIR to investigate the interaction between essential oil and the matrix. The lemongrass oil was tested using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry to determine the levels and presence of compounds suspected of having antimicrobial activity. The labels have antibacterial activity against E. coli with the diameter of inhibition zone maximum about 47.85 mm but not active toward the S. aureus. From the results of the antibacterial test can be seen that the use of antibacterial label is promising when used for food safety with a prolonged shelf","PeriodicalId":20554,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference of Essential Oils","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85038118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.5220/0009957601060111
Vivi Nurhadianty, Indah Amalia Amri, S. Kanza, Luh Putu Maharani, C. Cahyani
: Indonesia is a tropical country with an average room temperature 37 o C and humidity in each region are varies. These conditions make the skin sweat so that the skin loses water. If it left unchecked, it can cause a variety of skin diseases. Proper moisturizer can reduce and prevent damage to the skin. Essential oils have specific bioactive contents such as an antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties. Previous research has shown that Cananga oil has high anti-bacterial and antioxidant activity (close to 80% ascorbic acid). Citronellal compounds in kaffir lime oil can be used as an antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory. In addition to essential oils, sunflower seed oil is used as a carrier oil to prevent irritation due to high concentrations of essential oils. Sunflower Oil contains oleic and linoleic acids which can improve water absorption in the skin as well as antioxidants. Research on the process of extracting essential oils has been widely carried out, but the use of essential oils that have bioactive content has not been done much. Lotion is one of skin care that is commonly used on the skin. This research aims to get the best formulation in making cananga oil, kaffir lime oil, patchouli oil based lotion which have high antioxidant activity, high hydration effect and good consistency. Essential oils as active ingredients are added with various compositions then formulated and tested in vivo and in vitro. The urgency of this research is to get a lotion formulation from essential ingredients suitable for the skin of the tropics so that later it can be eliminated and support UB especially in welcoming PTNBH. The results showed that the lotion is stabled after stability testing for 7 cycles of cooling 4oC and heating 40 o C. The pH test results also indicate that the lotion has a pH between 7.05 - 7.95 which is in accordance with SNI standards. The lotion spread test shows that the greater the load given, the greater the spread diameter of the lotion. The best lotion dispersion is found in Formula V4, W2 with a bio active concentration: base lotion of 1:11,5. For the results of in vitro testing of mice, it was found that there is no lotion formula that causes allergies.
{"title":"Moisturizing Lotion Formulation on Tropical Skin based on Cananga Oil (Cananga odorata), Kaffir Lime Oil (Citrus hystrix DC) and Patchouli Oil (Pogostemon cablin) as a Bioactive","authors":"Vivi Nurhadianty, Indah Amalia Amri, S. Kanza, Luh Putu Maharani, C. Cahyani","doi":"10.5220/0009957601060111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5220/0009957601060111","url":null,"abstract":": Indonesia is a tropical country with an average room temperature 37 o C and humidity in each region are varies. These conditions make the skin sweat so that the skin loses water. If it left unchecked, it can cause a variety of skin diseases. Proper moisturizer can reduce and prevent damage to the skin. Essential oils have specific bioactive contents such as an antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties. Previous research has shown that Cananga oil has high anti-bacterial and antioxidant activity (close to 80% ascorbic acid). Citronellal compounds in kaffir lime oil can be used as an antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory. In addition to essential oils, sunflower seed oil is used as a carrier oil to prevent irritation due to high concentrations of essential oils. Sunflower Oil contains oleic and linoleic acids which can improve water absorption in the skin as well as antioxidants. Research on the process of extracting essential oils has been widely carried out, but the use of essential oils that have bioactive content has not been done much. Lotion is one of skin care that is commonly used on the skin. This research aims to get the best formulation in making cananga oil, kaffir lime oil, patchouli oil based lotion which have high antioxidant activity, high hydration effect and good consistency. Essential oils as active ingredients are added with various compositions then formulated and tested in vivo and in vitro. The urgency of this research is to get a lotion formulation from essential ingredients suitable for the skin of the tropics so that later it can be eliminated and support UB especially in welcoming PTNBH. The results showed that the lotion is stabled after stability testing for 7 cycles of cooling 4oC and heating 40 o C. The pH test results also indicate that the lotion has a pH between 7.05 - 7.95 which is in accordance with SNI standards. The lotion spread test shows that the greater the load given, the greater the spread diameter of the lotion. The best lotion dispersion is found in Formula V4, W2 with a bio active concentration: base lotion of 1:11,5. For the results of in vitro testing of mice, it was found that there is no lotion formula that causes allergies.","PeriodicalId":20554,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference of Essential Oils","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85139184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.5220/0009957501010105
A. Nurdin
: Clove oil was the largest essential oil commodity in Indonesia and production at Small and Medium Enterprises (SME) was still below the standard quality due to low eugenol levels (70-80%). The eugenol level can be increased by isolation which generally can be carried out by saponification and neutralization methods. This method was the most widely used, inexpensive, and easy to scale-up from the laboratory scale to the pilot plant scale. In this research, the production of eugenol from clove oil has been carried out in a pilot plant scale with stages of saponification reaction using sodium hydroxide and neutralization using sulfuric acid followed by vacuum distillation. All stages of this process produce eugenol with a yield of 50.25%, and an increase in eugenol levels from 75% to 98%. The eugenol production technology that has been carried out was expected to provide a solution for the small clove oil industry to improve its quality.
{"title":"Eugenol Production from Clove Oil in Pilot Plant Scale for Small and Medium Enterprises (SME)","authors":"A. Nurdin","doi":"10.5220/0009957501010105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5220/0009957501010105","url":null,"abstract":": Clove oil was the largest essential oil commodity in Indonesia and production at Small and Medium Enterprises (SME) was still below the standard quality due to low eugenol levels (70-80%). The eugenol level can be increased by isolation which generally can be carried out by saponification and neutralization methods. This method was the most widely used, inexpensive, and easy to scale-up from the laboratory scale to the pilot plant scale. In this research, the production of eugenol from clove oil has been carried out in a pilot plant scale with stages of saponification reaction using sodium hydroxide and neutralization using sulfuric acid followed by vacuum distillation. All stages of this process produce eugenol with a yield of 50.25%, and an increase in eugenol levels from 75% to 98%. The eugenol production technology that has been carried out was expected to provide a solution for the small clove oil industry to improve its quality.","PeriodicalId":20554,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference of Essential Oils","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90224069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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