Optical absorption spectra of modulation-doped n-type semiconductor quantum-well structures are studied theoretically. It is shown that effective Coulomb interaction of a photo-excited hole with the sea of electrons in n=1 conduction-subband via 2D hydrogenic exciton states associated with the unoccupied higher subbands yields an appearance of new subband interference structure on the continuous tail of the Mahan exciton. Numerical results with use of material parameters for GaAs exhibit clearly such effects on the calculated absorption spectra.
{"title":"Interference Effects on Optical Spectra of Mahan Exciton in Semiconductor Quantum Wells","authors":"S. Katayama","doi":"10.1143/PTPS.101.205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1143/PTPS.101.205","url":null,"abstract":"Optical absorption spectra of modulation-doped n-type semiconductor quantum-well structures are studied theoretically. It is shown that effective Coulomb interaction of a photo-excited hole with the sea of electrons in n=1 conduction-subband via 2D hydrogenic exciton states associated with the unoccupied higher subbands yields an appearance of new subband interference structure on the continuous tail of the Mahan exciton. Numerical results with use of material parameters for GaAs exhibit clearly such effects on the calculated absorption spectra.","PeriodicalId":20614,"journal":{"name":"Progress of Theoretical Physics Supplement","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64704253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Metal-Insulator Transition in Oxide Superconductors","authors":"M. Tachiki, H. Matsumoto","doi":"10.1143/PTPS.101.353","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1143/PTPS.101.353","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20614,"journal":{"name":"Progress of Theoretical Physics Supplement","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64704856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
There are two motivations to study two-dimensional quantum gravity. First, this theory is a toy model for four-dimensional gravity. Second, two-dimensional quantum gravity is the theory on the world-sheet of both “critical” as well as “non-critical” string theories. Some of our conclusions apply to these two more general situations. Since we would like to draw lessons from this simple theory, which are generic and valid in more complicated systems, we should study it in continuum field theory language. In these notes we review the status of the continuum Liouville approach to quantum gravity. Our understanding of the subject is far from complete. We will point out what we think are the most important open problems, and will speculate about their solutions.
{"title":"Notes on quantum Liouville theory and quantum gravity","authors":"N. Seiberg","doi":"10.1143/PTPS.102.319","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1143/PTPS.102.319","url":null,"abstract":"There are two motivations to study two-dimensional quantum gravity. First, this theory is a toy model for four-dimensional gravity. Second, two-dimensional quantum gravity is the theory on the world-sheet of both “critical” as well as “non-critical” string theories. Some of our conclusions apply to these two more general situations. Since we would like to draw lessons from this simple theory, which are generic and valid in more complicated systems, we should study it in continuum field theory language. In these notes we review the status of the continuum Liouville approach to quantum gravity. Our understanding of the subject is far from complete. We will point out what we think are the most important open problems, and will speculate about their solutions.","PeriodicalId":20614,"journal":{"name":"Progress of Theoretical Physics Supplement","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1143/PTPS.102.319","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64706907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Decay of the first Rydberg surface state on a metal surface is calculated in terms of Auger transitions between the electronic surface states. Using a three band model to describe the relevant surface band structure, the line width due to this surface Auger process is found to be about 8 times larger on the Ni(111) surface than on the Cu surface. This significant difference results from the difference in surface state occupancy. Comparison with recent experimental data from two photon photoemission demonstrates that these surface states are essential for the decay of the excited electron at surface
{"title":"Auger Decay of Surface Rydberg State","authors":"Shiwu Gao, B. Lundqvist","doi":"10.1143/PTPS.106.405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1143/PTPS.106.405","url":null,"abstract":"Decay of the first Rydberg surface state on a metal surface is calculated in terms of Auger transitions between the electronic surface states. Using a three band model to describe the relevant surface band structure, the line width due to this surface Auger process is found to be about 8 times larger on the Ni(111) surface than on the Cu surface. This significant difference results from the difference in surface state occupancy. Comparison with recent experimental data from two photon photoemission demonstrates that these surface states are essential for the decay of the excited electron at surface","PeriodicalId":20614,"journal":{"name":"Progress of Theoretical Physics Supplement","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64714310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Matsuura, K. Miura, Y. Ono, D. Hirashima, Y. Kuroda
The d-p model with the local constraint has been studied. With help of the slave boson and 1/N-expansion the electronic states are investigated. At T
研究了具有局部约束的d-p模型。借助从玻色子和1/ n展开研究了电子态。在T
{"title":"Electronic states in the Cu-oxide superconductors","authors":"T. Matsuura, K. Miura, Y. Ono, D. Hirashima, Y. Kuroda","doi":"10.1143/PTPS.106.51","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1143/PTPS.106.51","url":null,"abstract":"The d-p model with the local constraint has been studied. With help of the slave boson and 1/N-expansion the electronic states are investigated. At T<T 0 (coherence temperature) a new band (mid-gap state) appears in the CT gap which behaves as the Fermi liquid with the large Fermi surface. Luttinger sum rule is proved. At T 0 ≤T≤ω 0 (resonance temperature) the mid-gap state behaves as the marginal Fermi liquid. At T≥ω 0 such renormalized band collapses. These occur as the crossover phenomena in contrast to the phase transition in the mean field approximation","PeriodicalId":20614,"journal":{"name":"Progress of Theoretical Physics Supplement","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64714967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Aspects of Semiclassical Theory in the Presence of Classical Chaos","authors":"A. Voros","doi":"10.1143/PTPS.116.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1143/PTPS.116.17","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20614,"journal":{"name":"Progress of Theoretical Physics Supplement","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64725551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The classical and quanta! dynamics of non-hydrogenic Rydberg atoms in magnetic fields are investigated. Previous attempts to infer classical behaviour from quantum properties produced conflicting results: at low scaled energies (c:= -0.5) the nearest-neighbour statistics (NNS) were found to be at the chaotic (Wigner) limit while quantum phase-space distribu tions suggested a high degree of regularity. Here the classical limit is investigated directly by solving the equations of motion of the Diamagnetic Kepler problem (DKP) with an additional non-Coulombic model potential. It is found that typically trajectories are, over a long time-scale, ergodic. However over a shorter time-scale-in between collisions with the core-classical trajectories remain confined on the tori of the DKP. The origin of a well-known resonance in the NNS of hydrogen at c:= -0.316 is clarified by the comparison with the non-hydrogenic behaviour. However, the classical model only partially explains the quantum behaviour. The difficulties of quantizing such a system are discussed.
{"title":"Non-Hydrogenic Rydberg Atoms in Magnetic Fields","authors":"P. Dando, T. S. Monteiro, W. Jans, W. Schweizer","doi":"10.1143/PTPS.116.403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1143/PTPS.116.403","url":null,"abstract":"The classical and quanta! dynamics of non-hydrogenic Rydberg atoms in magnetic fields are investigated. Previous attempts to infer classical behaviour from quantum properties produced conflicting results: at low scaled energies (c:= -0.5) the nearest-neighbour statistics (NNS) were found to be at the chaotic (Wigner) limit while quantum phase-space distribu tions suggested a high degree of regularity. Here the classical limit is investigated directly by solving the equations of motion of the Diamagnetic Kepler problem (DKP) with an additional non-Coulombic model potential. It is found that typically trajectories are, over a long time-scale, ergodic. However over a shorter time-scale-in between collisions with the core-classical trajectories remain confined on the tori of the DKP. The origin of a well-known resonance in the NNS of hydrogen at c:= -0.316 is clarified by the comparison with the non-hydrogenic behaviour. However, the classical model only partially explains the quantum behaviour. The difficulties of quantizing such a system are discussed.","PeriodicalId":20614,"journal":{"name":"Progress of Theoretical Physics Supplement","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64726724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We present microscopic calculations of the Interacting Boson Model (IBM) based on the shell model interaction by using the OAI mapping approach. We determine the col lective pairs, which correspond to the IBM bosons, by the number conserved Hartree-Fock Bogoluibov (HFB) and the proton-neutron Tamm-Dancoff methods, and we take into consid eration couplings to the non-collective degrees of freedom. The present realistic calculations are carried out for the Te, Xe and Ba isotopes. Among them, the Xe isotopes are known by numerous phenomenological works to show the 0(6) symmetry. We present the clear 0(6) symmetry in the spectra and the wave function which are microscopically obtained. Low-lying spectra of medium and medium-heavy nuclei show simple and regular structures, although these nuclei consist of many interacting protons and neutrons and their dynamics is intrinsically very complicate. This is known to be the collec tive motion. Especially, in the case of even-even nuclei, there are quite simpler and common features in energy levels and electro-magnetic transitions. The understand ing of them has been one of the main problems in nuclear structure. Many theories have been advocated, developed and extended. Among them, the Interacting Boson Model (IBM), l)- 6 ) which was first introduced by Arima and Iachello in the 1970's, has shown to be rather successful. In the IBM, nucleon collective pairs are approximated in terms of bosons. This notion can simplify the treatment of the nucleon many-body system. Furthermore this ansatz facilitates the group theoretical treatment. Originally s and d bosons, which are counterparts of S(J = 0) and D(J = 2) nucleon pairs, are introduced as the building blocks of the IBM. Because these bosons do not distinguish the proton and neutron degrees of freedom, the nucleon pair counterparts of these bosons are ambiguous. But, the s and d bosons span a U(6) space and its group chains containing the 0(3) subgroup correspond physically to vibrational, rotational and '"'( unstable nuclei as limiting cases. These group chains are U(5), SU(3) and 0(6) limits. Unlike to other collective models, the IBM can give us a clear description of the 0(6) nuclei besides the U(5) and SU(3) nuclei. There are many nuclei, the spectra of which show the pattern of these group theoretical limits. Furthermore the intermediate situations between three limits are easily tractable by diagonalization of the Hamiltonian because the dimension of the original IBM space is at most about one hundred. At this stage, many phenomenological works were carried out, which showed that the low-lying states of many even-even nuclei can be explained by using six parameters of the IBM in a unified way. These parameters are considered to
{"title":"Microscopic Calculations for O(6) Nuclei by the Interacting Boson Model","authors":"T. Mizusaki, T. Otsuka","doi":"10.1143/PTPS.125.97","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1143/PTPS.125.97","url":null,"abstract":"We present microscopic calculations of the Interacting Boson Model (IBM) based on the shell model interaction by using the OAI mapping approach. We determine the col lective pairs, which correspond to the IBM bosons, by the number conserved Hartree-Fock Bogoluibov (HFB) and the proton-neutron Tamm-Dancoff methods, and we take into consid eration couplings to the non-collective degrees of freedom. The present realistic calculations are carried out for the Te, Xe and Ba isotopes. Among them, the Xe isotopes are known by numerous phenomenological works to show the 0(6) symmetry. We present the clear 0(6) symmetry in the spectra and the wave function which are microscopically obtained. Low-lying spectra of medium and medium-heavy nuclei show simple and regular structures, although these nuclei consist of many interacting protons and neutrons and their dynamics is intrinsically very complicate. This is known to be the collec tive motion. Especially, in the case of even-even nuclei, there are quite simpler and common features in energy levels and electro-magnetic transitions. The understand ing of them has been one of the main problems in nuclear structure. Many theories have been advocated, developed and extended. Among them, the Interacting Boson Model (IBM), l)- 6 ) which was first introduced by Arima and Iachello in the 1970's, has shown to be rather successful. In the IBM, nucleon collective pairs are approximated in terms of bosons. This notion can simplify the treatment of the nucleon many-body system. Furthermore this ansatz facilitates the group theoretical treatment. Originally s and d bosons, which are counterparts of S(J = 0) and D(J = 2) nucleon pairs, are introduced as the building blocks of the IBM. Because these bosons do not distinguish the proton and neutron degrees of freedom, the nucleon pair counterparts of these bosons are ambiguous. But, the s and d bosons span a U(6) space and its group chains containing the 0(3) subgroup correspond physically to vibrational, rotational and '\"'( unstable nuclei as limiting cases. These group chains are U(5), SU(3) and 0(6) limits. Unlike to other collective models, the IBM can give us a clear description of the 0(6) nuclei besides the U(5) and SU(3) nuclei. There are many nuclei, the spectra of which show the pattern of these group theoretical limits. Furthermore the intermediate situations between three limits are easily tractable by diagonalization of the Hamiltonian because the dimension of the original IBM space is at most about one hundred. At this stage, many phenomenological works were carried out, which showed that the low-lying states of many even-even nuclei can be explained by using six parameters of the IBM in a unified way. These parameters are considered to","PeriodicalId":20614,"journal":{"name":"Progress of Theoretical Physics Supplement","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1143/PTPS.125.97","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64739256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Non-Gaussian Parameter and Heterogeneity of Amorphous Polymers","authors":"T. Kanaya, I. Tsukushi, K. Kaji","doi":"10.1143/PTPS.126.133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1143/PTPS.126.133","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20614,"journal":{"name":"Progress of Theoretical Physics Supplement","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64739879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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