Pub Date : 2020-12-31DOI: 10.46222/ajhtl.19770720-71
Farai Chigora, E. Mutambara, J. Ndlovu, J. Muzurura, P. Zvavahera
The study investigated the contribution of local communities to Zimbabwe tourism destination brand equity through sustainable tourism practices, with a view of developing a model. A comparative investigation of two popular resorts in Zimbabwe which are Victoria Falls and Domboshava Curves was carried out. A sequential mixed method was used to get research data. Results from in-depth interviews showed that sustainable brand equity through community involvement can be developed from the following: maintaining culture; attractive traditional villages; traditional music and dances; unique traditional dressing; provision of indigenous food and drinks; guiding tourists and provision of transport and accommodation. A further survey then produced variables that were used to construct a community based sustainable brand equity model for the study. These variables were then grouped into two that is, household activities and service provision. Household activities included: providing indigenous food and drinks; attractive homesteads; and unique dress code. The service provision was discovered as guiding tourists in their activities and provision of transport. The study then recommended local eco-responsibility, destination manager partner with locals, cultural tourism focus and customisation of sustainable tourism.
{"title":"Towards Establishing Zimbabwe Tourism Destination Brand Equity Variables through Sustainable Community Involvement","authors":"Farai Chigora, E. Mutambara, J. Ndlovu, J. Muzurura, P. Zvavahera","doi":"10.46222/ajhtl.19770720-71","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46222/ajhtl.19770720-71","url":null,"abstract":"The study investigated the contribution of local communities to Zimbabwe tourism destination brand equity through sustainable tourism practices, with a view of developing a model. A comparative investigation of two popular resorts in Zimbabwe which are Victoria Falls and Domboshava Curves was carried out. A sequential mixed method was used to get research data. Results from in-depth interviews showed that sustainable brand equity through community involvement can be developed from the following: maintaining culture; attractive traditional villages; traditional music and dances; unique traditional dressing; provision of indigenous food and drinks; guiding tourists and provision of transport and accommodation. A further survey then produced variables that were used to construct a community based sustainable brand equity model for the study. These variables were then grouped into two that is, household activities and service provision. Household activities included: providing indigenous food and drinks; attractive homesteads; and unique dress code. The service provision was discovered as guiding tourists in their activities and provision of transport. The study then recommended local eco-responsibility, destination manager partner with locals, cultural tourism focus and customisation of sustainable tourism.","PeriodicalId":20643,"journal":{"name":"Proposed for presentation at the 2020 Virtual MRS Fall Meeting & Exhibit held November 27 - December 4, 2020.","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79686562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-31DOI: 10.46222/ajhtl.19770720-72
John R. Marks, Eli Golovey
This study explored performance differences between corporate-owned and operated and franchised outlets in the quick-service restaurant (QSR) industry. While studies have shown that there is a performance difference favouring franchisees, the reasons for this difference have not been explained. Using the Resource-Based View of the Firm, the operational differences between two ownership modes within the same franchise ecosystem were assessed. The study used qualitative data collected from twenty interviews with a broad range of stakeholders across a single South Africa quick-service restaurant brand that included company-owned and operated stores and franchised operations. The study identified a range of performance factors: franchisee motivation, franchisee empowerment and flexibility, manager focus, opportunity realisation, corporate rigidity and tactical restaurant management that contribute to enhancing the entrepreneurial resources and orientation that, along with strategic flexibility, provide franchisees with a performance advantage. This study has implications for those in the QSR sector and the hospitality industry in general, detailing what drives or hinders firm performance. This research has value for theoreticians in its novel application of the Resource-Based View of the Firm theory to a franchise-based entrepreneurial environment.
{"title":"Entrepreneurial Resources as a Driver of Performance Differences in a Quick Service Restaurant Franchise System","authors":"John R. Marks, Eli Golovey","doi":"10.46222/ajhtl.19770720-72","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46222/ajhtl.19770720-72","url":null,"abstract":"This study explored performance differences between corporate-owned and operated and franchised outlets in the quick-service restaurant (QSR) industry. While studies have shown that there is a performance difference favouring franchisees, the reasons for this difference have not been explained. Using the Resource-Based View of the Firm, the operational differences between two ownership modes within the same franchise ecosystem were assessed. The study used qualitative data collected from twenty interviews with a broad range of stakeholders across a single South Africa quick-service restaurant brand that included company-owned and operated stores and franchised operations. The study identified a range of performance factors: franchisee motivation, franchisee empowerment and flexibility, manager focus, opportunity realisation, corporate rigidity and tactical restaurant management that contribute to enhancing the entrepreneurial resources and orientation that, along with strategic flexibility, provide franchisees with a performance advantage. This study has implications for those in the QSR sector and the hospitality industry in general, detailing what drives or hinders firm performance. This research has value for theoreticians in its novel application of the Resource-Based View of the Firm theory to a franchise-based entrepreneurial environment.","PeriodicalId":20643,"journal":{"name":"Proposed for presentation at the 2020 Virtual MRS Fall Meeting & Exhibit held November 27 - December 4, 2020.","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80827300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-31DOI: 10.46222/ajhtl.19770720-54
H. Fisher, Alet C. Erasmus, Annemarie Viljeon
Researchers often depend on humans to share their opinions, perceptions, experiences, or expertise concerning particular matters, which is a daunting task. As the impact of the 4th Industrial Revolution (4IR) continues to change the way we do things, electronic data collection is becoming a more viable alternative considering consumers' increased competence with modern technology. An electronic application of the Delphi technique that originated as a face-to-face or 'pen-and-paper' research technique is hereby presented as an up-to-date methodology and data collection tool that potentially holds many advantages across diverse disciplines. In the very dynamic foods and hospitality industry, where employment entails long and unconventional working hours, it is particularly challenging to pin employees down to participate in traditional data collection procedures where they are expected to complete tasks at specific times. An electronic application of the Delphi technique offers employees the opportunity to make valuable contributions to research in their own time and at their own pace. This paper reports on a successful electronic application of a classic Delphi procedure, involving South African food industry specialists, reflecting on the local context, aiming to optimize their expertise to elicit a context-specific definition for Food Literacy with all the associated dimensions.
{"title":"Adaptation of the Delphi Technique for Electronic Application in the Food Industry","authors":"H. Fisher, Alet C. Erasmus, Annemarie Viljeon","doi":"10.46222/ajhtl.19770720-54","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46222/ajhtl.19770720-54","url":null,"abstract":"Researchers often depend on humans to share their opinions, perceptions, experiences, or expertise concerning particular matters, which is a daunting task. As the impact of the 4th Industrial Revolution (4IR) continues to change the way we do things, electronic data collection is becoming a more viable alternative considering consumers' increased competence with modern technology. An electronic application of the Delphi technique that originated as a face-to-face or 'pen-and-paper' research technique is hereby presented as an up-to-date methodology and data collection tool that potentially holds many advantages across diverse disciplines. In the very dynamic foods and hospitality industry, where employment entails long and unconventional working hours, it is particularly challenging to pin employees down to participate in traditional data collection procedures where they are expected to complete tasks at specific times. An electronic application of the Delphi technique offers employees the opportunity to make valuable contributions to research in their own time and at their own pace. This paper reports on a successful electronic application of a classic Delphi procedure, involving South African food industry specialists, reflecting on the local context, aiming to optimize their expertise to elicit a context-specific definition for Food Literacy with all the associated dimensions.","PeriodicalId":20643,"journal":{"name":"Proposed for presentation at the 2020 Virtual MRS Fall Meeting & Exhibit held November 27 - December 4, 2020.","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84262827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-31DOI: 10.46222/ajhtl.19770720-74
Jabulani C. Nyawo
The aim of this paper was to explore and evaluate the support mechanisms or measures that the South African government has put in place during the COVID-19 pandemic for tour guides within the tourism sector. This was a non-empirical study, which used an exploratory research design. The study employed document analysis to gather the data, and discourse analysis was utilized to analyze the collected data. This study findings indicate that the government responses and measures assisted numerous tour guides during the lockdown period. Furthermore, the results showed that the tourism sector continues to be severely affected as the government has only recently allowed some business travel and leisure tourism. The study recommends that the government and other tourism stakeholders place new standards to reassure domestic and international travellers' safety so that the tour guides could generate income and avoid possible business closure in this tourism sub-sector.
{"title":"Evaluation of Government Responses and Measures on COVID-19 in the Tourism Sector: A Case of Tour Guides in South Africa","authors":"Jabulani C. Nyawo","doi":"10.46222/ajhtl.19770720-74","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46222/ajhtl.19770720-74","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this paper was to explore and evaluate the support mechanisms or measures that the South African government has put in place during the COVID-19 pandemic for tour guides within the tourism sector. This was a non-empirical study, which used an exploratory research design. The study employed document analysis to gather the data, and discourse analysis was utilized to analyze the collected data. This study findings indicate that the government responses and measures assisted numerous tour guides during the lockdown period. Furthermore, the results showed that the tourism sector continues to be severely affected as the government has only recently allowed some business travel and leisure tourism. The study recommends that the government and other tourism stakeholders place new standards to reassure domestic and international travellers' safety so that the tour guides could generate income and avoid possible business closure in this tourism sub-sector.","PeriodicalId":20643,"journal":{"name":"Proposed for presentation at the 2020 Virtual MRS Fall Meeting & Exhibit held November 27 - December 4, 2020.","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84702510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-30DOI: 10.36548/jaicn.2020.4.003
K. P., Yasir Babiker Hamdan, Sathish
The neuro imaging developmental classification studies are undergone with small amount of samples from the brain activity samples. It promises the inspiring complications in high dimensional data analysis. Autism prediction methodologies are based on behavioral function alone previously which provides good precision but repossession will be unfortunate. We address those problems for early prediction of autism with neural development modern techniques and compared with older. Moreover, visualization of brain activities is quite important in neuro imaging. We believe in better visualization and classification of neuro images in early month captures and appended of Mullen Scales of Early Learning (MSEL). Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is one of the controlling tools for measuring non-invasively measure brain activity and it provides with good resolution. For high resolution of brain activity, fMRI gives better than electro encephalon graph (EEG). Visualization of brain activity very clearly is first step to recognize the faults of autism. We have taken into the account for predicting in early Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) with help of multiple behavioral activities and development measures using machine learning algorithm. The prediction methods are examined with mostly many prediction methods start to examine the neuro imaging with ultra-high risk factors. The prediction of ASD is moderate accuracy in 14 month development measures from multiple time points. In this proposed work, Mullen early prediction is appended for early prediction and it is examined with computational approach to fMRI analysis with adaptive functioning classifier for machine learning algorithm. This proposed algorithm provides improved version of classification in machine languages with MSEL and high accuracy with conservative methods.
{"title":"Early Prediction of Autism Spectrum Disorder by Computational Approaches to fMRI Analysis with Early Learning Technique","authors":"K. P., Yasir Babiker Hamdan, Sathish","doi":"10.36548/jaicn.2020.4.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36548/jaicn.2020.4.003","url":null,"abstract":"The neuro imaging developmental classification studies are undergone with small amount of samples from the brain activity samples. It promises the inspiring complications in high dimensional data analysis. Autism prediction methodologies are based on behavioral function alone previously which provides good precision but repossession will be unfortunate. We address those problems for early prediction of autism with neural development modern techniques and compared with older. Moreover, visualization of brain activities is quite important in neuro imaging. We believe in better visualization and classification of neuro images in early month captures and appended of Mullen Scales of Early Learning (MSEL). Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is one of the controlling tools for measuring non-invasively measure brain activity and it provides with good resolution. For high resolution of brain activity, fMRI gives better than electro encephalon graph (EEG). Visualization of brain activity very clearly is first step to recognize the faults of autism. We have taken into the account for predicting in early Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) with help of multiple behavioral activities and development measures using machine learning algorithm. The prediction methods are examined with mostly many prediction methods start to examine the neuro imaging with ultra-high risk factors. The prediction of ASD is moderate accuracy in 14 month development measures from multiple time points. In this proposed work, Mullen early prediction is appended for early prediction and it is examined with computational approach to fMRI analysis with adaptive functioning classifier for machine learning algorithm. This proposed algorithm provides improved version of classification in machine languages with MSEL and high accuracy with conservative methods.","PeriodicalId":20643,"journal":{"name":"Proposed for presentation at the 2020 Virtual MRS Fall Meeting & Exhibit held November 27 - December 4, 2020.","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75495922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-30DOI: 10.46222/AJHTL.19770720-82
Bichage Gesage, E. O. Fwaya, Robert Orenge Ondara
This finding challenges the existing view of the glass ceiling and how women should be attempting to shatter it. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of food safety and moderating effect of management commitment on customer choice of dining destination in Kenya. A cross-sectional research design was used which involved both descriptive and inferential statistic. The study used complete enumeration method to select 27, 4 and 5 Hotels in Kenya. 1080 respondents Managers head chefs and guests were sampled. Guests were sampled based on bed occupancy calculated at 49%. Managers and chefs were Purposively sampled while simple random sampling was used to select the guests. Questionnaires and interview schedules were used to collect data. The hypotheses were tested at 5% level of significance the result indicated that food safety, monitoring and surveillance systems had a significant relationship in determining destination choice (p-values 0.005 and 0.044). For the indirect effects regression analysis, top management commitment was found to have a moderating influence on the relationship between food safety and customer destination choice (p-value = 0.004). The predictor variable explained only 55.4% of the total variations in the choice of dining destinations ( R2 = 0.554). Based on these findings, this study recommends that although this study provided unique insights into the link between food safety, monitoring and top management commitment, its conceptual and empirical setting had a number of limitations. This can be used as a source of future study.
{"title":"Effect of Food Safety and Management Commitment on Customer Choice of Dining Destination in Kenya","authors":"Bichage Gesage, E. O. Fwaya, Robert Orenge Ondara","doi":"10.46222/AJHTL.19770720-82","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46222/AJHTL.19770720-82","url":null,"abstract":"This finding challenges the existing view of the glass ceiling and how women should be attempting to shatter it. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of food safety and moderating effect of management commitment on customer choice of dining destination in Kenya. A cross-sectional research design was used which involved both descriptive and inferential statistic. The study used complete enumeration method to select 27, 4 and 5 Hotels in Kenya. 1080 respondents Managers head chefs and guests were sampled. Guests were sampled based on bed occupancy calculated at 49%. Managers and chefs were Purposively sampled while simple random sampling was used to select the guests. Questionnaires and interview schedules were used to collect data. The hypotheses were tested at 5% level of significance the result indicated that food safety, monitoring and surveillance systems had a significant relationship in determining destination choice (p-values 0.005 and 0.044). For the indirect effects regression analysis, top management commitment was found to have a moderating influence on the relationship between food safety and customer destination choice (p-value = 0.004). The predictor variable explained only 55.4% of the total variations in the choice of dining destinations ( R2 = 0.554). Based on these findings, this study recommends that although this study provided unique insights into the link between food safety, monitoring and top management commitment, its conceptual and empirical setting had a number of limitations. This can be used as a source of future study.","PeriodicalId":20643,"journal":{"name":"Proposed for presentation at the 2020 Virtual MRS Fall Meeting & Exhibit held November 27 - December 4, 2020.","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85006317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-30DOI: 10.46222/AJHTL.19770720-80
Ndapanda Joanna Hamatwi, K. Govender
This study aimed to determine the interface between strategy and the six pillars, namely, structure, people, systems, processes, technology and innovation, in order to establish key factors contributing to the operational challenges being faced by Air Namibia. A qualitative study was conducted among a purposive sample of executives at Air Namibia using an exploratory design. The data was analysed using the thematic method. Exacerbated by the grounding of aircrafts due to the Covid-19 pandemic, Air Namibia’s strategy, resources, processes and systems contributed its operational inefficiency. The leadership of airlines in general and Air Namibia in particular, need to be fully cognizant of the importance of strategic planning and developing structures, systems and processes which will mitigate any micro and macro-economic disruptions on business operations. Since there is no ‘one-size-fits-all’ approach to crisis management, airline boards, executives and managers should consider their unique position and needs in strategizing how to survive and grow following a macro-economic.
{"title":"Exploring Air Namibia’s Operational Efficiency: The Interface Between Strategy and the Six Pillars of the Organisation","authors":"Ndapanda Joanna Hamatwi, K. Govender","doi":"10.46222/AJHTL.19770720-80","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46222/AJHTL.19770720-80","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to determine the interface between strategy and the six pillars, namely, structure, people, systems, processes, technology and innovation, in order to establish key factors contributing to the operational challenges being faced by Air Namibia. A qualitative study was conducted among a purposive sample of executives at Air Namibia using an exploratory design. The data was analysed using the thematic method. Exacerbated by the grounding of aircrafts due to the Covid-19 pandemic, Air Namibia’s strategy, resources, processes and systems contributed its operational inefficiency. The leadership of airlines in general and Air Namibia in particular, need to be fully cognizant of the importance of strategic planning and developing structures, systems and processes which will mitigate any micro and macro-economic disruptions on business operations. Since there is no ‘one-size-fits-all’ approach to crisis management, airline boards, executives and managers should consider their unique position and needs in strategizing how to survive and grow following a macro-economic.","PeriodicalId":20643,"journal":{"name":"Proposed for presentation at the 2020 Virtual MRS Fall Meeting & Exhibit held November 27 - December 4, 2020.","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86416867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Ibrahim, Muhammad Khalil Shahid, Shuja Ahmed Syed
The Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) is a simplistic information system. The improved features of new technology strongly impact the consumer's use of it. The objective of the research was to develop TAM for online banking in Pakistan. This research was the primary research wherein data was collected from five hundred respondents which were students of universities of private and government sector (Islamabad/ Rawalpindi cities) through questionnaires. Correlation and regression tests were conducted via SPSS software; correlation analysis showed that a significant positive relationship exists without ethics among all the factors. In regression analysis value of R2 = 0.621 it indicates that every independent variable has 62% impact on dependent variable, model has capability to predict future results of research. The research result suggested that ethics and ethical values are the main hurdles in adoption of the mobile banking in Pakistan. The research findings will help the business managers and related organizations to reconstruct their business strategies in order to capture and retain the maximum potential customers.
{"title":"DEVELOPING A TECHNOLOGY ACCEPTANCE MODEL FOR THE MOBILE BANKING ADOPTION IN PAKISTAN","authors":"M. Ibrahim, Muhammad Khalil Shahid, Shuja Ahmed Syed","doi":"10.51380/gujr-36-02-06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51380/gujr-36-02-06","url":null,"abstract":"The Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) is a simplistic information system. The improved features of new technology strongly impact the consumer's use of it. The objective of the research was to develop TAM for online banking in Pakistan. This research was the primary research wherein data was collected from five hundred respondents which were students of universities of private and government sector (Islamabad/ Rawalpindi cities) through questionnaires. Correlation and regression tests were conducted via SPSS software; correlation analysis showed that a significant positive relationship exists without ethics among all the factors. In regression analysis value of R2 = 0.621 it indicates that every independent variable has 62% impact on dependent variable, model has capability to predict future results of research. The research result suggested that ethics and ethical values are the main hurdles in adoption of the mobile banking in Pakistan. The research findings will help the business managers and related organizations to reconstruct their business strategies in order to capture and retain the maximum potential customers.","PeriodicalId":20643,"journal":{"name":"Proposed for presentation at the 2020 Virtual MRS Fall Meeting & Exhibit held November 27 - December 4, 2020.","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73570951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Considering the role of life satisfaction of an employee’s as vital factor for employees' performance which directly affects the firms' success, this study explores the role of emotional labor as an antecedent of life satisfaction via mediating role of the job engagement of bank officers working in private and public banks of Pakistan. The sample of 314 employees of officer rank 314 employees of banking sector are selected randomly for data collection. Results of cross-sectional data of 314 employees working in both private and public sector banks of Pakistan predict that employees having higher emotional labor have lesser job engagements, reducing overall life satisfaction of an employee. For genializing the result this kind of research may include the broad sample i.e., Islamabad, Bahawalpur, Faisalabad, Multan, and Karachi. In future this type of research will also be conducted on the telecom, education, textile sector and education sector.
{"title":"MEDIATING ROLE OF EMPLOYEES JOB ENGAGEMENT FOR RELATION OF EMOTIONAL LABOR WITH LIFE SATISFACTION","authors":"N. Akhter, Umar Safdar, M. Tahir","doi":"10.51380/gujr-36-02-03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51380/gujr-36-02-03","url":null,"abstract":"Considering the role of life satisfaction of an employee’s as vital factor for employees' performance which directly affects the firms' success, this study explores the role of emotional labor as an antecedent of life satisfaction via mediating role of the job engagement of bank officers working in private and public banks of Pakistan. The sample of 314 employees of officer rank 314 employees of banking sector are selected randomly for data collection. Results of cross-sectional data of 314 employees working in both private and public sector banks of Pakistan predict that employees having higher emotional labor have lesser job engagements, reducing overall life satisfaction of an employee. For genializing the result this kind of research may include the broad sample i.e., Islamabad, Bahawalpur, Faisalabad, Multan, and Karachi. In future this type of research will also be conducted on the telecom, education, textile sector and education sector.","PeriodicalId":20643,"journal":{"name":"Proposed for presentation at the 2020 Virtual MRS Fall Meeting & Exhibit held November 27 - December 4, 2020.","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90214558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Christian minorities in Pakistan have constitutional recognition and rights but mostly facing economic deprivation due to insecurity. This study focused on Influence of insecurity on economic deprivation of minorities in KP, Pakistan. The cross-sectional design was adopted to explore the association between economic deprivation (dependent variable) and lack of security (independent variable). Study utilized a quantitative survey to collect data through a questionnaire. The simple random sampling technique was used to access sample in population comprised of Christian community. Two instruments included index of minority deprivation and minority discrimination questionnaire were used to measure economic deprivation and insecurity. Findings revealed that religious insecurity, professional insecurity and financial showed as indicators of insecurity had highly significant (p=.000) and positive (r=.257) association with economic deprivation of minorities. It is concluded that government should minimize religious extremism, enhance the quota system in jobs and education that may decrease the economic deprivation of minorities.
{"title":"THE INFLUENCE OF INSECURITY ON ECONOMIC DEPRIVATION OF THE MINORITIES IN KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA, PAKISTAN","authors":"U. Rehman, Faisal Amin, S. Abbas","doi":"10.51380/gujr-36-02-02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51380/gujr-36-02-02","url":null,"abstract":"The Christian minorities in Pakistan have constitutional recognition and rights but mostly facing economic deprivation due to insecurity. This study focused on Influence of insecurity on economic deprivation of minorities in KP, Pakistan. The cross-sectional design was adopted to explore the association between economic deprivation (dependent variable) and lack of security (independent variable). Study utilized a quantitative survey to collect data through a questionnaire. The simple random sampling technique was used to access sample in population comprised of Christian community. Two instruments included index of minority deprivation and minority discrimination questionnaire were used to measure economic deprivation and insecurity. Findings revealed that religious insecurity, professional insecurity and financial showed as indicators of insecurity had highly significant (p=.000) and positive (r=.257) association with economic deprivation of minorities. It is concluded that government should minimize religious extremism, enhance the quota system in jobs and education that may decrease the economic deprivation of minorities.","PeriodicalId":20643,"journal":{"name":"Proposed for presentation at the 2020 Virtual MRS Fall Meeting & Exhibit held November 27 - December 4, 2020.","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86055646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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