Worldwide the UN is promoting sustainable transport that requires the engagement of communities to make it context and community sensitive. To better engage the community, governments started to use web-based social geocommunication tools in urban areas. The use of these tools is increasing; however, it can be critically questioned to what extent they can support sustainable transport development in rural areas in Trinidad and Tobago. To respond to this question, the paper presents preliminary results of an ongoing pilot study in Charlotteville Tobago. The paper suggests an analytical framework to investigate the spatial governance process that is linked to the sustainable transport solution development. Results reveal that the majority depends on sharing mobility, which already is more environmentally friendly than individual car use. However, the digital literacy in the village is low which hampers the capacity to participate in an increasingly digitizing society.
{"title":"LINKING SUSTAINABLE TRANSPORT AND COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT: TRANSPORTATION 2.0 IN THE SMALL ISLAND OF TOBAGO","authors":"J. Kotzebue","doi":"10.47412/aabl1209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47412/aabl1209","url":null,"abstract":"Worldwide the UN is promoting sustainable transport that requires the engagement of communities to make it context and community sensitive. To better engage the community, governments started to use web-based social geocommunication tools in urban areas. The use of these tools is increasing; however, it can be critically questioned to what extent they can support sustainable transport development in rural areas in Trinidad and Tobago. To respond to this question, the paper presents preliminary results of an ongoing pilot study in Charlotteville Tobago. The paper suggests an analytical framework to investigate the spatial governance process that is linked to the sustainable transport solution development. Results reveal that the majority depends on sharing mobility, which already is more environmentally friendly than individual car use. However, the digital literacy in the village is low which hampers the capacity to participate in an increasingly digitizing society.","PeriodicalId":206492,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the International Conference on Emerging Trends in Engineering & Technology (IConETech-2020)","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129023066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In Trinidad and Tobago (T&T), teachers often complain about the quality of service offered by the Ministry of Education (MOE). They generally describe it as poor because of the delays incurred during the processing of most requests. Poor service to customers (teachers) of an organisation implies a productivity deficiency. At MOE, requests made by teachers can turn into long waiting for the process to be completed or issues to be resolved. This has become a burden to teachers who are left to suffer the consequences as it appears little is being done to improve the system. To investigate the challenges associated with productivity issues and quality management (QM) practices at the MOE Port of Spain (POS) Office, a recent study was undertaken comprising of site visits and interviews with stakeholders (MOE staff and teachers) with the aid of online surveys. This paper presents the main findings of the survey, aiming to explore issues concerning QM processes, and identify the factors affecting the provision of quality services to teachers. The current quality culture and leadership styles of the MOE-POS Office would be addressed. The paper concludes by underlining the mechanisms of employee empowerment enabling a path to attain productivity/quality improvement, specifically for processing common requests or resolving issues at the MOE-POS Office.
{"title":"EXPLORING QUALITY OF SERVICE AND ITS CHALLENGES AT THE MOE PORT OF SPAIN OFFICE","authors":"K. Pun, Cherisse Lashley","doi":"10.47412/ayrk7960","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47412/ayrk7960","url":null,"abstract":"In Trinidad and Tobago (T&T), teachers often complain about the quality of service offered by the Ministry of Education (MOE). They generally describe it as poor because of the delays incurred during the processing of most requests. Poor service to customers (teachers) of an organisation implies a productivity deficiency. At MOE, requests made by teachers can turn into long waiting for the process to be completed or issues to be resolved. This has become a burden to teachers who are left to suffer the consequences as it appears little is being done to improve the system. To investigate the challenges associated with productivity issues and quality management (QM) practices at the MOE Port of Spain (POS) Office, a recent study was undertaken comprising of site visits and interviews with stakeholders (MOE staff and teachers) with the aid of online surveys. This paper presents the main findings of the survey, aiming to explore issues concerning QM processes, and identify the factors affecting the provision of quality services to teachers. The current quality culture and leadership styles of the MOE-POS Office would be addressed. The paper concludes by underlining the mechanisms of employee empowerment enabling a path to attain productivity/quality improvement, specifically for processing common requests or resolving issues at the MOE-POS Office.","PeriodicalId":206492,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the International Conference on Emerging Trends in Engineering & Technology (IConETech-2020)","volume":"2013 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134082859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Encouraging and supporting Community Based Governance for Informal Housing and Settlements to achieve a sustainable built environment is essential. However, this will be the greatest challenge facing countries as they become more urbanized. Governance has become difficult to define and measure, much less described as a theory that can be modelled and applied to policy and in making decisions. The difficulty in definition was traced both to the evolving roles of the planner; and ontological and epistemological paradigms that have shaped research. This research defined Community Based Governance as a theory. This was explored using a Grounded Mixed Methods to integrate quantitative and qualitative data. Using intersectionality and structuration, the outcomes were examined. Initial results from Trinidad suggest that the reformulated theory of Community Based Governance has demonstrated failures and unsustainability of the public sector’s squatter regularisation programme where Community Based Governance though essential, is undermined. However, this contradicts the success that the programme claims.
{"title":"DEFINING COMMUNITY BASED GOVERNANCE FOR INFORMAL HOUSING & SETTLEMENTS WITHIN TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO","authors":"Wayne Huggins","doi":"10.47412/xldf7466","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47412/xldf7466","url":null,"abstract":"Encouraging and supporting Community Based Governance for Informal Housing and Settlements to achieve a sustainable built environment is essential. However, this will be the greatest challenge facing countries as they become more urbanized. Governance has become difficult to define and measure, much less described as a theory that can be modelled and applied to policy and in making decisions. The difficulty in definition was traced both to the evolving roles of the planner; and ontological and epistemological paradigms that have shaped research. This research defined Community Based Governance as a theory. This was explored using a Grounded Mixed Methods to integrate quantitative and qualitative data. Using intersectionality and structuration, the outcomes were examined. Initial results from Trinidad suggest that the reformulated theory of Community Based Governance has demonstrated failures and unsustainability of the public sector’s squatter regularisation programme where Community Based Governance though essential, is undermined. However, this contradicts the success that the programme claims.","PeriodicalId":206492,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the International Conference on Emerging Trends in Engineering & Technology (IConETech-2020)","volume":"29 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120838053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper provides an improvement to automated cricket highlight identification from full broadcasts. Further refinement is provided through semi- automated user verification. This visual result is synchronized with an automated text extraction process. The visual result was successfully extracted at a rate of 97.5% using the ORB function. With user validation a false detection rate of 0% was realized. The metadata from the commentary was then successfully extracted and combined with the visual results to allow for easy searching of the highlight video using any search field.
{"title":"SEMI-AUTOMATED CRICKET BROADCAST HIGHLIGHT GENERATION","authors":"Sahil Ramlogan, A. Pooransingh, D. Ringis","doi":"10.47412/cioe9513","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47412/cioe9513","url":null,"abstract":"This paper provides an improvement to automated cricket highlight identification from full broadcasts. Further refinement is provided through semi- automated user verification. This visual result is synchronized with an automated text extraction process. The visual result was successfully extracted at a rate of 97.5% using the ORB function. With user validation a false detection rate of 0% was realized. The metadata from the commentary was then successfully extracted and combined with the visual results to allow for easy searching of the highlight video using any search field.","PeriodicalId":206492,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the International Conference on Emerging Trends in Engineering & Technology (IConETech-2020)","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126129324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
: In 2010, the Commission of Enquiry into the Construction Sector of Trinidad and Tobago found that Public Construction Projects (PCPs) in Trinidad and Tobago suffered significant schedule overrun due to a lack of project planning, specifically at the design stage, which costed the country several millions of TT dollars. The Enquiry’s revelation prompted this study, to assess the significance of the Subsidiary Project Plans (SPPs) at the design stage of PCPs. The assessment of the impact of SPPs on project schedule, based on its level of production, was executed via statistical analyses, in the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, utilizing 62 questionnaire responses. The relationship between the level of production of each SPP and project schedule was investigated via a correlation analysis revealing that SPPs are significantly neglected at the design stage of PCPs in Trinidad and Tobago which in turn adversely affected project schedule. Further statistical analysis on each SPP revealed that only 22% of the total number of SPPs that can be produced were done, at 51% adequacy. This significant finding in the study highlighted its impact on and importance to project schedule and by extension, project cost. A minimum set of SPPs to be produced, at the design stage of Public Construction Projects in Trinidad and Tobago, is recommended for standardisation as it is expected to substantially reduce the probability of project delays and cost overruns. The findings will educate construction project professionals and stakeholders on the SPPs’ importance and its contribution to project success and sustainable construction standards. This study investigates the significance of all possible subsidiary project plans at DSP of public construction projects in T&T. The levels of SPPs production presents the adverse impacts its absence has on project schedule and its direct relation to the paucity of project success as it pertains to PCPs in Trinidad and Tobago. The study proposes a Standard Procedure Document (SPD) for PCPs in Trinidad and Tobago in the form of a minimum set of SPPs required at the design stage of PCPs. These SPPs are expected to allow for better control and monitoring of key aspects of Trinidad and Tobago’s PCPs from the design stage onward. Through the implementation of this SPD, a reduction of project delays is expected, along with reductions in cost overruns, potentially saving the economy of Trinidad and Tobago billions of TT dollars, further allowing for higher probabilities of achieving project success from all points of the “iron triangle”; quality, cost and time.
{"title":"SUBSIDIARY PROJECT PLAN REQUIREMENTS FOR PUBLIC CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS IN TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO","authors":"A. Baal, D. Outridge","doi":"10.47412/jrnd8949","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47412/jrnd8949","url":null,"abstract":": In 2010, the Commission of Enquiry into the Construction Sector of Trinidad and Tobago found that Public Construction Projects (PCPs) in Trinidad and Tobago suffered significant schedule overrun due to a lack of project planning, specifically at the design stage, which costed the country several millions of TT dollars. The Enquiry’s revelation prompted this study, to assess the significance of the Subsidiary Project Plans (SPPs) at the design stage of PCPs. The assessment of the impact of SPPs on project schedule, based on its level of production, was executed via statistical analyses, in the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, utilizing 62 questionnaire responses. The relationship between the level of production of each SPP and project schedule was investigated via a correlation analysis revealing that SPPs are significantly neglected at the design stage of PCPs in Trinidad and Tobago which in turn adversely affected project schedule. Further statistical analysis on each SPP revealed that only 22% of the total number of SPPs that can be produced were done, at 51% adequacy. This significant finding in the study highlighted its impact on and importance to project schedule and by extension, project cost. A minimum set of SPPs to be produced, at the design stage of Public Construction Projects in Trinidad and Tobago, is recommended for standardisation as it is expected to substantially reduce the probability of project delays and cost overruns. The findings will educate construction project professionals and stakeholders on the SPPs’ importance and its contribution to project success and sustainable construction standards. This study investigates the significance of all possible subsidiary project plans at DSP of public construction projects in T&T. The levels of SPPs production presents the adverse impacts its absence has on project schedule and its direct relation to the paucity of project success as it pertains to PCPs in Trinidad and Tobago. The study proposes a Standard Procedure Document (SPD) for PCPs in Trinidad and Tobago in the form of a minimum set of SPPs required at the design stage of PCPs. These SPPs are expected to allow for better control and monitoring of key aspects of Trinidad and Tobago’s PCPs from the design stage onward. Through the implementation of this SPD, a reduction of project delays is expected, along with reductions in cost overruns, potentially saving the economy of Trinidad and Tobago billions of TT dollars, further allowing for higher probabilities of achieving project success from all points of the “iron triangle”; quality, cost and time.","PeriodicalId":206492,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the International Conference on Emerging Trends in Engineering & Technology (IConETech-2020)","volume":"194 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125859809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aggregates have significant influence on the serviceability and performance of flexible pavements. Estimation of the effects of the classifications of aggregate angularity on mechanical properties of asphalt concrete is understudied because of its complexity. This paper identifies the limitations of aggregate angularity and mix performance in existing studies and present experimental results of the influence of coarse aggregate angularity (CAA) on the mechanical behaviour of dense graded asphalt mixtures. Four mixtures of different classes of coarse aggregate angularity (rounded to angular) were compacted to cylindrical heights of 63, 100 and 150 mm each. Geometric characterization of the particle angularity have been evaluated using Aggregate Imaging System (AIMS). Additionally, mechanical and performance tests have been evaluated at three temperatures (25, 35 and 45 C). Principle results of the study demonstrated that tangential modulus, compressive strength, elastic, viscoelastic and viscoplastic properties are highly influence by changes in coarse aggregate angularity. The resilient stiffness modulus and recovered (elastic) creep strain however, were not significantly influenced by these changes. The influence of a particular angularity classification maybe useful to road engineers when evaluating the performance prediction of asphalt concrete.
{"title":"AGGREGATE ANGULARITY EFEFCTS ON MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF ASPHALT CONCRETE","authors":"L. Leon","doi":"10.47412/wclj3100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47412/wclj3100","url":null,"abstract":"Aggregates have significant influence on the serviceability and performance of flexible pavements. Estimation of the effects of the classifications of aggregate angularity on mechanical properties of asphalt concrete is understudied because of its complexity. This paper identifies the limitations of aggregate angularity and mix performance in existing studies and present experimental results of the influence of coarse aggregate angularity (CAA) on the mechanical behaviour of dense graded asphalt mixtures. Four mixtures of different classes of coarse aggregate angularity (rounded to angular) were compacted to cylindrical heights of 63, 100 and 150 mm each. Geometric characterization of the particle angularity have been evaluated using Aggregate Imaging System (AIMS). Additionally, mechanical and performance tests have been evaluated at three temperatures (25, 35 and 45 C). Principle results of the study demonstrated that tangential modulus, compressive strength, elastic, viscoelastic and viscoplastic properties are highly influence by changes in coarse aggregate angularity. The resilient stiffness modulus and recovered (elastic) creep strain however, were not significantly influenced by these changes. The influence of a particular angularity classification maybe useful to road engineers when evaluating the performance prediction of asphalt concrete.","PeriodicalId":206492,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the International Conference on Emerging Trends in Engineering & Technology (IConETech-2020)","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116745626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We consider the unsteady magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) natural convection flows of alumina (Al2O3)-water and single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT)-water nanofluids within a symmetrical corrugated trapezoidal enclosure with the effects of viscous and Joule dissipations. In this study, the corrugated bottom wall is isothermally heated, whereas the top wall is thermally insulated. The temperature of the side walls is fixed at the initial nanofluid temperature within the enclosure. We solve the governing equations for velocity and temperature, along with the corresponding initial and boundary conditions, using the polynomial pressure projection stabilized (PPPS) finite element method. The effects of sidewall inclination angle and Eckert number on nanofluid flow and convective heat transfer within the corrugated enclosure are examined. The results obtained from this study are important in various fields of engineering and technology, such as the design and manufacture of efficient heat exchangers and the cooling of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) using nanofluids.
{"title":"NUMERICAL STUDY OF MHD CONVECTIVE NANOFLUID FLOWS WITHIN A CORRUGATED TRAPEZOIDAL ENCLOSURE","authors":"V. Job, S. Gunakala, P. Murthy, R. Selvam","doi":"10.47412/oysh8586","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47412/oysh8586","url":null,"abstract":"We consider the unsteady magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) natural convection flows of alumina (Al2O3)-water and single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT)-water nanofluids within a symmetrical corrugated trapezoidal enclosure with the effects of viscous and Joule dissipations. In this study, the corrugated bottom wall is isothermally heated, whereas the top wall is thermally insulated. The temperature of the side walls is fixed at the initial nanofluid temperature within the enclosure. We solve the governing equations for velocity and temperature, along with the corresponding initial and boundary conditions, using the polynomial pressure projection stabilized (PPPS) finite element method. The effects of sidewall inclination angle and Eckert number on nanofluid flow and convective heat transfer within the corrugated enclosure are examined. The results obtained from this study are important in various fields of engineering and technology, such as the design and manufacture of efficient heat exchangers and the cooling of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) using nanofluids.","PeriodicalId":206492,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the International Conference on Emerging Trends in Engineering & Technology (IConETech-2020)","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117330516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vehicular technology has improved tremendously in the last few decades. Drivers and passengers are now being made more aware of their surroundings as well as the state of their cars, ergo becoming increasingly capable of making better decisions. These 'smart-vehicles' are directed by microcontrollers and microprocessors where a network of sensors and actuators provide contextual feedback for the user. Some of these features include parking and reverse assistance, collision avoidance and cruise control. In the coming years, this trend will undergo unprecedented growth as the technologies become cheaper to manufacture and implement. In fact, more advanced systems now alert the driver to realtime critical failures and problematic conditions while the simpler ones do so upon start-up. This paper provides a tested framework for a potential sensing system to alert the driver when the vehicle alignment is off. Vehicle misalignment can become an issue quickly as the following can result: Increased tire tread wear leading to reduced traction with the road's surface and ultimately higher chances of accidents as well as more frequent replacement of the tires becoming necessary. Uneven friction at contact between the road and tire can increase the resistance resulting in higher fuel consumption by the engine. Strain on multiple components within the braking system and suspension as misalignment can cause drift while in motion and additionally uneven braking. A damaged suspension is quite expensive to repair or replace. Early detection of the extent of misalignment can lead to decreased expenditure in the areas of maintenance and fuel consumption, contributing to an increase in reliability. Since many drivers, however experienced they are, may at times be ignorant of the degree of misalignment their vehicle possesses, adding this technology can serve as a potential remedy ultimately improving the user experience and vehicle longevity.
{"title":"AUTONOMOUS DETECTION OF VEHICULAR WHEEL ALIGNMENT PARAMETERS","authors":"Aaron O. Ameerali, Nadine Sangster, Gerard Ragbir","doi":"10.47412/boqw8777","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47412/boqw8777","url":null,"abstract":"Vehicular technology has improved tremendously in the last few decades. Drivers and passengers are now being made more aware of their surroundings as well as the state of their cars, ergo becoming increasingly capable of making better decisions. These 'smart-vehicles' are directed by microcontrollers and microprocessors where a network of sensors and actuators provide contextual feedback for the user. Some of these features include parking and reverse assistance, collision avoidance and cruise control. In the coming years, this trend will undergo unprecedented growth as the technologies become cheaper to manufacture and implement. In fact, more advanced systems now alert the driver to realtime critical failures and problematic conditions while the simpler ones do so upon start-up. This paper provides a tested framework for a potential sensing system to alert the driver when the vehicle alignment is off. Vehicle misalignment can become an issue quickly as the following can result: Increased tire tread wear leading to reduced traction with the road's surface and ultimately higher chances of accidents as well as more frequent replacement of the tires becoming necessary. Uneven friction at contact between the road and tire can increase the resistance resulting in higher fuel consumption by the engine. Strain on multiple components within the braking system and suspension as misalignment can cause drift while in motion and additionally uneven braking. A damaged suspension is quite expensive to repair or replace. Early detection of the extent of misalignment can lead to decreased expenditure in the areas of maintenance and fuel consumption, contributing to an increase in reliability. Since many drivers, however experienced they are, may at times be ignorant of the degree of misalignment their vehicle possesses, adding this technology can serve as a potential remedy ultimately improving the user experience and vehicle longevity.","PeriodicalId":206492,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the International Conference on Emerging Trends in Engineering & Technology (IConETech-2020)","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133494773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The objective of this research was to analyse the relationship between sociodemographic characteristics and the travel behaviour of Trinidadians. Many studies have shown that a relationship exists between the socio-economic and sociodemographic characteristics of an individual and their travel patterns. A better understanding of this relationship can influence transportation policy decisions and therefore, aid in improvement to the overall transportation structure. This understanding of travel behaviour is of particular importance in developing countries and SIDS, where there is limited geographical space, economic constraints and an influx of competitive unregulated paratransit modes into the transportation system. Trinidad, like other developing countries and SIDS, has a public transportation system that is dominated by paratransit modes. More notably, there is increasing penetration of illegally operated paratransit modes, that are aggressively competing in the market and gaining a lot of traction. Data was collected in January 2018 using a revealed preference survey of commuters’ work-based tours in, Trincity, a middle-income housing area with good highway and public transportation access. Results showed that income, age, distance from workplace and gender all affect the likelihood of public transport usage as a primary mode of a work tour and there were gender-based differences in the incidence of walking as part of the tour. Additionally, although most public transportation users considered the government bus service as the safest and illegal paratransit services as the least safe, the usage of such services was more than five times that of the bus. The research points to important service and policy actions which need to be taken to encourage and support shifts to more sustainable modes.
{"title":"SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS AS IT RELATES TO TRAVEL BEHAVIOUR IN SIDS: A CASE STUDY IN TRINIDAD","authors":"Leah Wright, T. Townsend","doi":"10.47412/cpyi3065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47412/cpyi3065","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this research was to analyse the relationship between sociodemographic characteristics and the travel behaviour of Trinidadians. Many studies have shown that a relationship exists between the socio-economic and sociodemographic characteristics of an individual and their travel patterns. A better understanding of this relationship can influence transportation policy decisions and therefore, aid in improvement to the overall transportation structure. This understanding of travel behaviour is of particular importance in developing countries and SIDS, where there is limited geographical space, economic constraints and an influx of competitive unregulated paratransit modes into the transportation system. Trinidad, like other developing countries and SIDS, has a public transportation system that is dominated by paratransit modes. More notably, there is increasing penetration of illegally operated paratransit modes, that are aggressively competing in the market and gaining a lot of traction. Data was collected in January 2018 using a revealed preference survey of commuters’ work-based tours in, Trincity, a middle-income housing area with good highway and public transportation access. Results showed that income, age, distance from workplace and gender all affect the likelihood of public transport usage as a primary mode of a work tour and there were gender-based differences in the incidence of walking as part of the tour. Additionally, although most public transportation users considered the government bus service as the safest and illegal paratransit services as the least safe, the usage of such services was more than five times that of the bus. The research points to important service and policy actions which need to be taken to encourage and support shifts to more sustainable modes.","PeriodicalId":206492,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the International Conference on Emerging Trends in Engineering & Technology (IConETech-2020)","volume":"84 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123426566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Katherine Agong, D. Bartholomew, Dawn A. Goddard-Eckrich
Trinidad and Tobago has the third highest diabetes deaths, the highest rates of kidney failure in the world and is listed as one of the top countries where citizens have a fear of crime. There is a large body of research that has proven that there is an association between physical activity, fear of crime, health outcomes and built environment. However, most scientific research around urban design, physical activity, planning and transportation have been conducted in developed countries. There have been few studies in developing countries, particularly Trinidad and Tobago and the Caribbean, which are facing both high crime and chronic disease. To evaluate the literature on physical activity, chronic disease and the built environment, we conducted a review of the literature through a systematic search and also analysed research gaps and implications. Future studies should develop a multidisciplinary research on physical activity, fear of crime, transportation and the interactive effects of the built environment that can help improve chronic disease health outcomes. Future studies should also better understand the social and environmental influences of barriers to physical activity in Trinidad and Tobago.
{"title":"REDUCING CHRONIC DISEASE THROUGH TRANSPORTATION AND BUILT ENVIRONMENT IN HIGH CRIME COUNTRIES: A REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE","authors":"Katherine Agong, D. Bartholomew, Dawn A. Goddard-Eckrich","doi":"10.47412/yaps7603","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47412/yaps7603","url":null,"abstract":"Trinidad and Tobago has the third highest diabetes deaths, the highest rates of kidney failure in the world and is listed as one of the top countries where citizens have a fear of crime. There is a large body of research that has proven that there is an association between physical activity, fear of crime, health outcomes and built environment. However, most scientific research around urban design, physical activity, planning and transportation have been conducted in developed countries. There have been few studies in developing countries, particularly Trinidad and Tobago and the Caribbean, which are facing both high crime and chronic disease. To evaluate the literature on physical activity, chronic disease and the built environment, we conducted a review of the literature through a systematic search and also analysed research gaps and implications. Future studies should develop a multidisciplinary research on physical activity, fear of crime, transportation and the interactive effects of the built environment that can help improve chronic disease health outcomes. Future studies should also better understand the social and environmental influences of barriers to physical activity in Trinidad and Tobago.","PeriodicalId":206492,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the International Conference on Emerging Trends in Engineering & Technology (IConETech-2020)","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121102894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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