Pub Date : 2023-02-01DOI: 10.2478/prolas-2023-0002
Jūlija Vorobjova, Sindija Mairita Pīlāga, Beatrise Elizabete Gustsone, E. Rancans, D. Smirnova, K. Fountoulakis, J. Vrublevska
Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic, which has spread across the world, has made an impact on every student’s ordinary life and mental health, from studying conditions, internship, employment to freedom of movement. This was a cross-sectional study where Latvian university and college students were asked to fill the self-report online questionnaire developed as part of an international study. The objective of the study was to investigate the effects of COVID-19 pandemic and investigate clinical depression, distress and identify the predicting factors. Depression and distress were determined using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) with a previously developed algorithm and cut-off scores. The statistical analysis included the Pearson’s chi-square test and binomial logistic regression. The study included 1047 students. The prevalence of distress was 18% (n =188) and prevalence of depression was 33.8% (n = 354). Depression was more common among women — 35.9 % (n = 298). Risk factors for depression were poor quality of sleep (OR = 8.31), unemployment (OR = 1.42), excessive internet usage (OR = 7.17), thoughts about death (OR = 12.14), and suicidal behaviour (OR = 4.99). Physical activities operated as a protective measure to prevent depression. This study potentially could help to develop a plan in the future for dealing with psychological support for the student population.
{"title":"Prevalence of Distress and Depression and Related Health and Behavioural Factors in the Student Population of Latvia During the COVID-19 Outbreak","authors":"Jūlija Vorobjova, Sindija Mairita Pīlāga, Beatrise Elizabete Gustsone, E. Rancans, D. Smirnova, K. Fountoulakis, J. Vrublevska","doi":"10.2478/prolas-2023-0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/prolas-2023-0002","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic, which has spread across the world, has made an impact on every student’s ordinary life and mental health, from studying conditions, internship, employment to freedom of movement. This was a cross-sectional study where Latvian university and college students were asked to fill the self-report online questionnaire developed as part of an international study. The objective of the study was to investigate the effects of COVID-19 pandemic and investigate clinical depression, distress and identify the predicting factors. Depression and distress were determined using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) with a previously developed algorithm and cut-off scores. The statistical analysis included the Pearson’s chi-square test and binomial logistic regression. The study included 1047 students. The prevalence of distress was 18% (n =188) and prevalence of depression was 33.8% (n = 354). Depression was more common among women — 35.9 % (n = 298). Risk factors for depression were poor quality of sleep (OR = 8.31), unemployment (OR = 1.42), excessive internet usage (OR = 7.17), thoughts about death (OR = 12.14), and suicidal behaviour (OR = 4.99). Physical activities operated as a protective measure to prevent depression. This study potentially could help to develop a plan in the future for dealing with psychological support for the student population.","PeriodicalId":20651,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences. Section B. Natural, Exact, and Applied Sciences.","volume":"1 1","pages":"15 - 23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82274492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-01DOI: 10.2478/prolas-2023-0001
D. Legzdiņa, G. Zariņa
Abstract The Late Neolithic Abora settlement site occupies a prominent place in Lake Lubāns micro-region archaeology. The Lake Lubāns wetland, including the Abora site, has been systematically researched by the archaeologist Ilze Biruta Loze in 1962–1990 and episodically in 1999–2012. Besides the settlement culture layers, the Abora site includes human burials as well, providing both osteological and archaeological material. Altogether, 61 burials have been excavated within the settlement territory. The Abora settlement is a tempting site for further investigations of complexities of the transition to farming in the Late Neolithic in Latvia. This paper represents an attempt to apply palaeodemographic methodology, 14C dating, FRUITS analysis and estimates of the freshwater reservoir effect to preserved osteological and archaeological material of Abora site and discusses the results in context with the previous data and archaeological interpretations. The new radiocarbon dates of the human bones generally correspond with the previous absolute dating of the site, spanning from 3484–3102 calBC to 2137–1925 calBC. The adult and adolescent isotopic data (29 individuals) generally corresponds very well with the local Lake Lubāns wetland isotope ecology. However, it contradicts the previous interpretations that overemphasised the role of domesticated animals and cultivated crops in the Abora human subsistence strategies. The new data show that the majority of individuals had a freshwater diet and others — a mixed freshwater/terrestrial diet.
{"title":"Living on the Climate Edge Suitable for Early Farming: The Complex Subsistence Strategies of the Late Neolithic People at the Abora Site in Latvia","authors":"D. Legzdiņa, G. Zariņa","doi":"10.2478/prolas-2023-0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/prolas-2023-0001","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The Late Neolithic Abora settlement site occupies a prominent place in Lake Lubāns micro-region archaeology. The Lake Lubāns wetland, including the Abora site, has been systematically researched by the archaeologist Ilze Biruta Loze in 1962–1990 and episodically in 1999–2012. Besides the settlement culture layers, the Abora site includes human burials as well, providing both osteological and archaeological material. Altogether, 61 burials have been excavated within the settlement territory. The Abora settlement is a tempting site for further investigations of complexities of the transition to farming in the Late Neolithic in Latvia. This paper represents an attempt to apply palaeodemographic methodology, 14C dating, FRUITS analysis and estimates of the freshwater reservoir effect to preserved osteological and archaeological material of Abora site and discusses the results in context with the previous data and archaeological interpretations. The new radiocarbon dates of the human bones generally correspond with the previous absolute dating of the site, spanning from 3484–3102 calBC to 2137–1925 calBC. The adult and adolescent isotopic data (29 individuals) generally corresponds very well with the local Lake Lubāns wetland isotope ecology. However, it contradicts the previous interpretations that overemphasised the role of domesticated animals and cultivated crops in the Abora human subsistence strategies. The new data show that the majority of individuals had a freshwater diet and others — a mixed freshwater/terrestrial diet.","PeriodicalId":20651,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences. Section B. Natural, Exact, and Applied Sciences.","volume":"12 1","pages":"1 - 14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79910848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-01DOI: 10.2478/prolas-2023-0011
M. Bleidere
{"title":"13th International Barley Genetics Symposium, Rīga, Latvia, 3–7 July 2022","authors":"M. Bleidere","doi":"10.2478/prolas-2023-0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/prolas-2023-0011","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20651,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences. Section B. Natural, Exact, and Applied Sciences.","volume":"62 1","pages":"80 - 82"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90821600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-01DOI: 10.2478/prolas-2023-0004
E. Kuznecova, Z. Daneberga, E. Berga-Švītiņa, M. Nakazawa-Miklaševiča, A. Irmejs, J. Gardovskis, E. Miklaševičs
Abstract Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a breast cancer subtype characterised by lack of oestrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and human epidermal growth factor receptor, and by worse prognosis than other cancer types. The aim of this study was to identify hub genes and molecular pathways for possible prognostic markers for TNBC. Nineteen breast cancer transcriptomes were sequenced using Illumina platform and analysed to identify differentially expressed genes in the TNBC subtype. Gene ontology enrichment analysis was conducted using the ToppGene tool. Then, the STRING online database was used for protein-protein interaction (PPI) network construction. Cytohubba and the MCODE plug-in were used to screen functional modules and hub genes. In total, 229 DEGs were identified by differential gene expression analysis in the TNBC group. Eight genes were screened out from the PPI network — FOXA1, ESR1, TFF1, GATA3, TFF3, AR, SLC39A6, COL9A1. In conclusion, this study indicates that the molecular subtype specific gene expression pattern provides useful information for targeted, biomarker-driven treatment options.
三阴性乳腺癌(Triple negative breast cancer, TNBC)是一种以雌激素受体、孕激素受体和人表皮生长因子受体缺乏为特征的乳腺癌亚型，其预后比其他类型的癌症差。本研究的目的是确定中心基因和分子途径可能的预后标记TNBC。使用Illumina平台对19个乳腺癌转录组进行测序，并分析鉴定TNBC亚型的差异表达基因。利用ToppGene工具进行基因本体富集分析。然后，利用STRING在线数据库构建蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用(PPI)网络。使用Cytohubba和MCODE插件筛选功能模块和枢纽基因。通过差异基因表达分析，TNBC组共鉴定出229个deg。从PPI网络中筛选出FOXA1、ESR1、TFF1、GATA3、TFF3、AR、SLC39A6、COL9A1 8个基因。总之，本研究表明，分子亚型特异性基因表达模式为靶向、生物标志物驱动的治疗方案提供了有用的信息。
{"title":"Identification of Altered Transcripts and Pathways in Triple Negative Breast Cancer","authors":"E. Kuznecova, Z. Daneberga, E. Berga-Švītiņa, M. Nakazawa-Miklaševiča, A. Irmejs, J. Gardovskis, E. Miklaševičs","doi":"10.2478/prolas-2023-0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/prolas-2023-0004","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a breast cancer subtype characterised by lack of oestrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and human epidermal growth factor receptor, and by worse prognosis than other cancer types. The aim of this study was to identify hub genes and molecular pathways for possible prognostic markers for TNBC. Nineteen breast cancer transcriptomes were sequenced using Illumina platform and analysed to identify differentially expressed genes in the TNBC subtype. Gene ontology enrichment analysis was conducted using the ToppGene tool. Then, the STRING online database was used for protein-protein interaction (PPI) network construction. Cytohubba and the MCODE plug-in were used to screen functional modules and hub genes. In total, 229 DEGs were identified by differential gene expression analysis in the TNBC group. Eight genes were screened out from the PPI network — FOXA1, ESR1, TFF1, GATA3, TFF3, AR, SLC39A6, COL9A1. In conclusion, this study indicates that the molecular subtype specific gene expression pattern provides useful information for targeted, biomarker-driven treatment options.","PeriodicalId":20651,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences. Section B. Natural, Exact, and Applied Sciences.","volume":"204 1","pages":"33 - 40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77302796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-01DOI: 10.2478/prolas-2023-0009
Afig Gurbanali Gaziev, E. Shamilov, Asim Sabri Abdullayev, G. M. Abdullaeva, N. Mahmudova, Gunel Aliheydar Sadigova, Natalia Y. Melnikova, Aytan Zulfi Babayeva
Abstract The article is devoted to the study of the biological properties of nanocomposites obtained by immobilisation of precious metals (Au2+, Ag2+) in the structures of extracts of plant hepatoprotectors (milk thistle, saffron), in experiments on small sexually mature laboratory animals. Aqueous solutions of nanocomposites were administered to animals intraperitoneally 30 minutes prior to exposure to ionising radiation. Quantitative changes in lipid peroxidation were determined on the basis of the analysis of the concentration of malonic dealdehyde and hydroperoxide in liver tissue of control and experimental animals. It was revealed that nanocomposites introduced to animals before irradiation partially protect them from its destructive effect. More pronounced hepatoprotective effects in comparison with Ag2+ ions are manifested by Au2+ ions. Animals were also tested for behavioural responses in an open field model against the background of the introduction of a corresponding dose of the nanocomposite solution before irradiation. There were also changes in behavioural responses.
{"title":"New Nanometal-Containing Hepatoprotectors: Obtaining and Studying Biological Properties","authors":"Afig Gurbanali Gaziev, E. Shamilov, Asim Sabri Abdullayev, G. M. Abdullaeva, N. Mahmudova, Gunel Aliheydar Sadigova, Natalia Y. Melnikova, Aytan Zulfi Babayeva","doi":"10.2478/prolas-2023-0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/prolas-2023-0009","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The article is devoted to the study of the biological properties of nanocomposites obtained by immobilisation of precious metals (Au2+, Ag2+) in the structures of extracts of plant hepatoprotectors (milk thistle, saffron), in experiments on small sexually mature laboratory animals. Aqueous solutions of nanocomposites were administered to animals intraperitoneally 30 minutes prior to exposure to ionising radiation. Quantitative changes in lipid peroxidation were determined on the basis of the analysis of the concentration of malonic dealdehyde and hydroperoxide in liver tissue of control and experimental animals. It was revealed that nanocomposites introduced to animals before irradiation partially protect them from its destructive effect. More pronounced hepatoprotective effects in comparison with Ag2+ ions are manifested by Au2+ ions. Animals were also tested for behavioural responses in an open field model against the background of the introduction of a corresponding dose of the nanocomposite solution before irradiation. There were also changes in behavioural responses.","PeriodicalId":20651,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences. Section B. Natural, Exact, and Applied Sciences.","volume":"18 1","pages":"66 - 72"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88127730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.2478/prolas-2022-0090
Ekaterina Kondratishko, Dace Tjurina, Mihails Bekers-Ančipolovskis, A. Derovs
Abstract The standard procedure for dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) employs routine stenting during the operation. According to different sources, the overall stent indwelling time ranges from six weeks to six months or even longer. Placement of a stent promotes rhinostoma formation and prevents stenosis. Since the introduction of this technique, many studies have been conducted to assess the results of DCR with and without the use of stents, the stent material, as well as the time period after which the stents were removed. This review discusses the relevant literature on stenting in endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy, which was available in PubMed over the last ten years. Equally good endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy (enDCR) results have been obtained for patients with and without a stent. However, the use of stents is sometimes associated with multiple additional complications: formation of granulations at an earlier postoperative period, infection of the lacrimal drainage system, and canalicular laceration. The use of Mitomycin C, topical steroids, antibiotics, and silver nitrate has a different impact on reducing the occurrence of these complications. Further studies are needed to develop more accurate indications for the use of stents during enDCR, as well as the timing of their removal, and the use of adjunctive topical medication.
{"title":"Role of stenting in endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy: multiple challenges of the current approach","authors":"Ekaterina Kondratishko, Dace Tjurina, Mihails Bekers-Ančipolovskis, A. Derovs","doi":"10.2478/prolas-2022-0090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/prolas-2022-0090","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The standard procedure for dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) employs routine stenting during the operation. According to different sources, the overall stent indwelling time ranges from six weeks to six months or even longer. Placement of a stent promotes rhinostoma formation and prevents stenosis. Since the introduction of this technique, many studies have been conducted to assess the results of DCR with and without the use of stents, the stent material, as well as the time period after which the stents were removed. This review discusses the relevant literature on stenting in endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy, which was available in PubMed over the last ten years. Equally good endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy (enDCR) results have been obtained for patients with and without a stent. However, the use of stents is sometimes associated with multiple additional complications: formation of granulations at an earlier postoperative period, infection of the lacrimal drainage system, and canalicular laceration. The use of Mitomycin C, topical steroids, antibiotics, and silver nitrate has a different impact on reducing the occurrence of these complications. Further studies are needed to develop more accurate indications for the use of stents during enDCR, as well as the timing of their removal, and the use of adjunctive topical medication.","PeriodicalId":20651,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences. Section B. Natural, Exact, and Applied Sciences.","volume":"32 1","pages":"578 - 584"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87697480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.2478/prolas-2022-0091
Iļja Drjagunovs, S. Laivacuma, I. Zeltiņa, A. Derovs
Abstract Cytomegalovirus is a ubiquitous herpesvirus, which, after often asymptomatic primary infection, establishes a life-long latency in different organs, including gut. As there is a close synergistic relationship between mucosal inflammation and viral expression, particularly in patients suffering from inflammatory bowel disease, it is often challenging to distinguish subclinical cytomegalovirus replication from cytomegalovirus-mediated colitis. The outcome for patients with cytomegalovirus reactivation appears to be worse than that for patients without reactivation, but the true role of cytomegalovirus is not entirely clear, as is the dilemma whether specific treatment with antivirals alters the course of inflammatory bowel disease. This review focuses on gastrointestinal tract cytomegalovirus disease, with special emphasis on diagnostic and treatment considerations of cytomegalovirus colitis in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.
{"title":"A quick guide to diagnosis and treatment of cytomegalovirus infection in the gut: current dilemmas","authors":"Iļja Drjagunovs, S. Laivacuma, I. Zeltiņa, A. Derovs","doi":"10.2478/prolas-2022-0091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/prolas-2022-0091","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Cytomegalovirus is a ubiquitous herpesvirus, which, after often asymptomatic primary infection, establishes a life-long latency in different organs, including gut. As there is a close synergistic relationship between mucosal inflammation and viral expression, particularly in patients suffering from inflammatory bowel disease, it is often challenging to distinguish subclinical cytomegalovirus replication from cytomegalovirus-mediated colitis. The outcome for patients with cytomegalovirus reactivation appears to be worse than that for patients without reactivation, but the true role of cytomegalovirus is not entirely clear, as is the dilemma whether specific treatment with antivirals alters the course of inflammatory bowel disease. This review focuses on gastrointestinal tract cytomegalovirus disease, with special emphasis on diagnostic and treatment considerations of cytomegalovirus colitis in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.","PeriodicalId":20651,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences. Section B. Natural, Exact, and Applied Sciences.","volume":"46 1","pages":"585 - 594"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86547685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.2478/prolas-2022-0088
O. Basina, J. Derova, A. Derovs, S. Lejniece
Abstract It is no mystery that iron deficiency is the most common anaemia and multiple studies have shown that anaemia is a main factor for decreased quality of life. The focus of our article is an up-to-date review of different enteropathies caused by specific disorders and the prevalence of iron deficiency anaemia (IDA), starting with the understanding of physiology of iron absorption and regulation in the intestine. The pathologies that we tried to cover were celiac disease, Crohn’s disease, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID)-induced enteropathy and protein losing enteropathy. Unfortunately, not everything still understood and questions still remain. The main questions are associated with our understanding of iron regulation beyond the ferroportin-hepcidin axis and what mechanism is behind changes of epithelium in different conditions. Depending on the study and pathology of enteropathy, almost half of the studied patients had iron deficiency anaemia. However, in all enteropathies, IDA is more an additional finding or an additional symptom that needs further investigations. That is why many authors consider that IDA is caused by secondary mechanisms and not enteropathy per se and should be correlating with undernourishment, severe mucosal atrophy, malabsorption, and bleeding.
{"title":"Iron Deficiency Anaemia and Anaemia of Inflammation in Enteropathies Caused by Commonest Small Intestine Disorders: Current Evidence","authors":"O. Basina, J. Derova, A. Derovs, S. Lejniece","doi":"10.2478/prolas-2022-0088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/prolas-2022-0088","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract It is no mystery that iron deficiency is the most common anaemia and multiple studies have shown that anaemia is a main factor for decreased quality of life. The focus of our article is an up-to-date review of different enteropathies caused by specific disorders and the prevalence of iron deficiency anaemia (IDA), starting with the understanding of physiology of iron absorption and regulation in the intestine. The pathologies that we tried to cover were celiac disease, Crohn’s disease, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID)-induced enteropathy and protein losing enteropathy. Unfortunately, not everything still understood and questions still remain. The main questions are associated with our understanding of iron regulation beyond the ferroportin-hepcidin axis and what mechanism is behind changes of epithelium in different conditions. Depending on the study and pathology of enteropathy, almost half of the studied patients had iron deficiency anaemia. However, in all enteropathies, IDA is more an additional finding or an additional symptom that needs further investigations. That is why many authors consider that IDA is caused by secondary mechanisms and not enteropathy per se and should be correlating with undernourishment, severe mucosal atrophy, malabsorption, and bleeding.","PeriodicalId":20651,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences. Section B. Natural, Exact, and Applied Sciences.","volume":"33 1","pages":"561 - 568"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85350008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.2478/prolas-2022-0105
I. Zeltiņa, Katrīne Dreimane, S. Paeglīte, A. Derovs
Abstract Wilson’s disease (WD) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder caused by a mutation in the ATP7B gene. The evolution of Wilson’s disease is the result of the accumulation of copper in affected tissues. In this study, we report on a 30-year-old patient with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome and sepsis. After the necessary investigations and genetic tests, the patient was diagnosed with WD. Unfortunately, the first symptoms appeared at least ten years ago with elevated liver transaminases and amenorrhea. It is possible that if any of the previous physicians had provided a detailed examination, the patient would have reached a diagnosis sooner. The patient received adequate penicillamine treatment and her condition improved. The patient manages to have a healthy child by slightly changing the treatment of Wilson's disease. This case demonstrates that proper examination and collection of anamnesis information can lead to a diagnosis of WD. In addition, we emphasise the importance of targeted testing for elevated transaminases, especially if the patient has amenorrhea at reproductive age. Wilson's disease is not a barrier to carrying a healthy child. Of course, more research is needed to develop the best treatment and disease management plans.
{"title":"Sepsis and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome as the first clinical presentation of Wilson's disease: case report","authors":"I. Zeltiņa, Katrīne Dreimane, S. Paeglīte, A. Derovs","doi":"10.2478/prolas-2022-0105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/prolas-2022-0105","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Wilson’s disease (WD) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder caused by a mutation in the ATP7B gene. The evolution of Wilson’s disease is the result of the accumulation of copper in affected tissues. In this study, we report on a 30-year-old patient with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome and sepsis. After the necessary investigations and genetic tests, the patient was diagnosed with WD. Unfortunately, the first symptoms appeared at least ten years ago with elevated liver transaminases and amenorrhea. It is possible that if any of the previous physicians had provided a detailed examination, the patient would have reached a diagnosis sooner. The patient received adequate penicillamine treatment and her condition improved. The patient manages to have a healthy child by slightly changing the treatment of Wilson's disease. This case demonstrates that proper examination and collection of anamnesis information can lead to a diagnosis of WD. In addition, we emphasise the importance of targeted testing for elevated transaminases, especially if the patient has amenorrhea at reproductive age. Wilson's disease is not a barrier to carrying a healthy child. Of course, more research is needed to develop the best treatment and disease management plans.","PeriodicalId":20651,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences. Section B. Natural, Exact, and Applied Sciences.","volume":"39 1","pages":"686 - 690"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80652756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.2478/prolas-2022-0100
I. Vilkoite, Linda Mežmale, I. Tolmanis, Hosams Abu Meri, L. Veide, Zane Dzērve, Linda Anarkulova, Kristīne Nevidovska, A. Lejnieks
Abstract The narrow-band imaging (NBI) International Colorectal Endoscopic (NICE) classification is based on narrow-band pictures of colon polyps viewed through a narrow-band spectrum. The categorisation utilises staining, surface structure, and vascular patterns to differentiate between hyperplastic and adenomatous colon polyps. It is known that accuracy of the NICE classification for colorectal polyps varies depending on the localisation in the colon.The aim of this study was to compare the diagnostic accuracy of the NICE classification and the gold standard — morphological analysis for the determination of the type of colorectal lesions depending on localisation in colon. A prospective study was performed in an outpatient clinic. 1214 colonoscopies were performed by two expert endoscopists and 475 polyps were found in 291 patients. The overall diagnostic accuracy of the NICE classification was 80.3%. Optical verification was better in ascending colon — 93.9%, followed by sigmoid colon — 82.1%. Inferior results were found for the descending colon — 64.0%. The results of this study showed that the NICE classification could be a helpful instrument in daily practice for the ascending and sigmoid colon. For better results, proper training should be considered. The NICE system could have a role in the replacement of morphological analysis if appropriate results of verification could be achieved.
{"title":"Comparison of nice classification for optical diagnosis of colorectal polyps and morphology of removed lesions depending on localisation in colon","authors":"I. Vilkoite, Linda Mežmale, I. Tolmanis, Hosams Abu Meri, L. Veide, Zane Dzērve, Linda Anarkulova, Kristīne Nevidovska, A. Lejnieks","doi":"10.2478/prolas-2022-0100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/prolas-2022-0100","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The narrow-band imaging (NBI) International Colorectal Endoscopic (NICE) classification is based on narrow-band pictures of colon polyps viewed through a narrow-band spectrum. The categorisation utilises staining, surface structure, and vascular patterns to differentiate between hyperplastic and adenomatous colon polyps. It is known that accuracy of the NICE classification for colorectal polyps varies depending on the localisation in the colon.The aim of this study was to compare the diagnostic accuracy of the NICE classification and the gold standard — morphological analysis for the determination of the type of colorectal lesions depending on localisation in colon. A prospective study was performed in an outpatient clinic. 1214 colonoscopies were performed by two expert endoscopists and 475 polyps were found in 291 patients. The overall diagnostic accuracy of the NICE classification was 80.3%. Optical verification was better in ascending colon — 93.9%, followed by sigmoid colon — 82.1%. Inferior results were found for the descending colon — 64.0%. The results of this study showed that the NICE classification could be a helpful instrument in daily practice for the ascending and sigmoid colon. For better results, proper training should be considered. The NICE system could have a role in the replacement of morphological analysis if appropriate results of verification could be achieved.","PeriodicalId":20651,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences. Section B. Natural, Exact, and Applied Sciences.","volume":"76 1","pages":"650 - 656"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77832571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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