Alberto Dafonte-Gómez, Oswaldo García-Crespo, Diana Ramahí-García
Social networks –and Facebook in particular– have become an important element of the information diet for millions of people around the world. By using them, the traditional media lose control of the distribution channel for their content, whose reach now depends, firstly, on the relevance criteria established by the networks themselves and, secondly, on the interactions generated by the audience with each publication. Very often research on journalism has tackled the issue of reach and how efficient fact-checkers are. To find answer to the sociodemographic features of their audiences or the characteristics of their posts are explored. However, factors such as the influence of the algorithms which choose the content users are shown on the social networks is not often dealt with. This article aims to contribute in both areas. Firstly, it offers a broad perspective on the publications of Ibero-American fact-checkers on Facebook between 2016 and 2021, focuses on the evolution of video production (n=9075) and on the views and engagement achieved by this format with respect to the rest, and relates them to changes in the News Feed algorithm. Secondly, it proposes a content analysis to identify formal and thematic elements in the most popular videos in the same period (n=414) and relates them to previous research. Our results show significant similarities in popular videos, but also changes in video production, a generalized decrease in the ratio of views and a drop in the interaction rate more accentuated than in all the publications of the period. Although the focus of this research does not allow us to make direct causal inferences, the trends identified coincide with the changes in the Facebook News Feed algorithm that were made public in those years.
{"title":"Using video for fact-checking on Facebook. Analysis of the trend and reach of Ibero-American production (2016-2021)","authors":"Alberto Dafonte-Gómez, Oswaldo García-Crespo, Diana Ramahí-García","doi":"10.3145/epi.2023.sep.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3145/epi.2023.sep.11","url":null,"abstract":"Social networks –and Facebook in particular– have become an important element of the information diet for millions of people around the world. By using them, the traditional media lose control of the distribution channel for their content, whose reach now depends, firstly, on the relevance criteria established by the networks themselves and, secondly, on the interactions generated by the audience with each publication. Very often research on journalism has tackled the issue of reach and how efficient fact-checkers are. To find answer to the sociodemographic features of their audiences or the characteristics of their posts are explored. However, factors such as the influence of the algorithms which choose the content users are shown on the social networks is not often dealt with. This article aims to contribute in both areas. Firstly, it offers a broad perspective on the publications of Ibero-American fact-checkers on Facebook between 2016 and 2021, focuses on the evolution of video production (n=9075) and on the views and engagement achieved by this format with respect to the rest, and relates them to changes in the News Feed algorithm. Secondly, it proposes a content analysis to identify formal and thematic elements in the most popular videos in the same period (n=414) and relates them to previous research. Our results show significant similarities in popular videos, but also changes in video production, a generalized decrease in the ratio of views and a drop in the interaction rate more accentuated than in all the publications of the period. Although the focus of this research does not allow us to make direct causal inferences, the trends identified coincide with the changes in the Facebook News Feed algorithm that were made public in those years.","PeriodicalId":20684,"journal":{"name":"Profesional De La Informacion","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136016559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
AI integration in media newsrooms is changing professional routines, required profiles and journalistic products. The acceleration in the development of this technology since the end of 2022 makes it necessary to review these tools in order to analyse their uses and risks, as well as their possible applications in the journalistic field. OpenAI launched ChatGPT in November 2022 open to the public. This tool has been a key element in this technological revolution. This paper analyses ChatGPT applications in journalistic newsrooms through its introduction during a working day in the routine of different professionals. A mixed methodology was used to carry out this experience: a benchmarking of AI tools applied to journalism was created, a walkthrough experience was carried out with ChatGPT and, based on the results obtained in these first two phases, the experiment with journalists was designed. A total of 12 journalists of different ages and sectors with little or no previous contact with technological tools based on artificial intelligence, as the aim of the study is to observe the application in newsrooms without the need for technical training, participated in this research. The results show the usefulness of the tool to automate mechanical processes, rewrite texts, analyse data and even serve as a content idea creator. On the other hand, journalists have also perceived significant risks such as inaccuracy of AI as well as lack of ‘empathy’.
{"title":"AI application in journalism: ChatGPT and the uses and risks of an emergent technology","authors":"Beatriz Gutiérrez-Caneda, Jorge Vázquez-Herrero, Xosé López-García","doi":"10.3145/epi.2023.sep.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3145/epi.2023.sep.14","url":null,"abstract":"AI integration in media newsrooms is changing professional routines, required profiles and journalistic products. The acceleration in the development of this technology since the end of 2022 makes it necessary to review these tools in order to analyse their uses and risks, as well as their possible applications in the journalistic field. OpenAI launched ChatGPT in November 2022 open to the public. This tool has been a key element in this technological revolution. This paper analyses ChatGPT applications in journalistic newsrooms through its introduction during a working day in the routine of different professionals. A mixed methodology was used to carry out this experience: a benchmarking of AI tools applied to journalism was created, a walkthrough experience was carried out with ChatGPT and, based on the results obtained in these first two phases, the experiment with journalists was designed. A total of 12 journalists of different ages and sectors with little or no previous contact with technological tools based on artificial intelligence, as the aim of the study is to observe the application in newsrooms without the need for technical training, participated in this research. The results show the usefulness of the tool to automate mechanical processes, rewrite texts, analyse data and even serve as a content idea creator. On the other hand, journalists have also perceived significant risks such as inaccuracy of AI as well as lack of ‘empathy’.","PeriodicalId":20684,"journal":{"name":"Profesional De La Informacion","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136059757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
David Nicholas, Eti Herman, Abdullah Abrizah, Blanca Rodríguez-Bravo, Cherifa Boukacem-Zeghmouri, Anthony Watkinson, Marzena Świgoń, Jie Xu, Hamid R. Jamali, Carol Tenopir
The Harbingers project, which studied the working lives and scholarly communication behaviour of early career researchers (ECRs) over 6 years, found evidence of changing attitudes to questionable (grey) publishing. Thus, whilst predatory publishers have come to be treated with equanimity, as a problem easily dealt with, there was growing concern with the high volume of low-grade research being generated, some of which by ‘grey’ open access publishers for want of a better name (questionable and non-standard have also been used). With the recent announcement (2023) that the government of Malaysia (a Harbinger case country) is not providing Article Processing Charges (APCs) for articles published by MDPI, Frontiers and Hindawi on quality and cost grounds, we set out to see what lay behind this decision and whether other countries exhibited similar concerns. Information was obtained by asking Harbinger country leads, mostly embedded in research universities, from Australia, China, France, Israel, Malaysia, Poland, Spain, UK, and the US to conduct desk research to establish what is happening. It was found that countries, like ECRs, appear to have formed into two different camps, with China, Poland, France, and Spain joining Malaysia in the camp of those who felt concerned about these publishers and the UK, US, Israel, and Australia belonging to the camp of the unconcerned. Explanations for the split are furnished and whether the Malaysian position will prevail elsewhere is considered. Finally, in this paper, we have aired issues/concerns, rather than provided robust, systematic data. For a systematic study we shall have to wait for the fuller study we are hoping to conduct.
{"title":"Never mind predatory publishers… what about ‘grey’ publishers?","authors":"David Nicholas, Eti Herman, Abdullah Abrizah, Blanca Rodríguez-Bravo, Cherifa Boukacem-Zeghmouri, Anthony Watkinson, Marzena Świgoń, Jie Xu, Hamid R. Jamali, Carol Tenopir","doi":"10.3145/epi.2023.sep.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3145/epi.2023.sep.09","url":null,"abstract":"The Harbingers project, which studied the working lives and scholarly communication behaviour of early career researchers (ECRs) over 6 years, found evidence of changing attitudes to questionable (grey) publishing. Thus, whilst predatory publishers have come to be treated with equanimity, as a problem easily dealt with, there was growing concern with the high volume of low-grade research being generated, some of which by ‘grey’ open access publishers for want of a better name (questionable and non-standard have also been used). With the recent announcement (2023) that the government of Malaysia (a Harbinger case country) is not providing Article Processing Charges (APCs) for articles published by MDPI, Frontiers and Hindawi on quality and cost grounds, we set out to see what lay behind this decision and whether other countries exhibited similar concerns. Information was obtained by asking Harbinger country leads, mostly embedded in research universities, from Australia, China, France, Israel, Malaysia, Poland, Spain, UK, and the US to conduct desk research to establish what is happening. It was found that countries, like ECRs, appear to have formed into two different camps, with China, Poland, France, and Spain joining Malaysia in the camp of those who felt concerned about these publishers and the UK, US, Israel, and Australia belonging to the camp of the unconcerned. Explanations for the split are furnished and whether the Malaysian position will prevail elsewhere is considered. Finally, in this paper, we have aired issues/concerns, rather than provided robust, systematic data. For a systematic study we shall have to wait for the fuller study we are hoping to conduct.","PeriodicalId":20684,"journal":{"name":"Profesional De La Informacion","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136108076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
José-Eusebio Velasco-López, Ramón-Alberto Carrasco, Manuel J. Cobo, Gema Fernández-Avilés
Official statistics provide information on different areas of citizens’ lives and are widely used in scientific research as a source of data due to their open data nature and quality assurance. In this context, a bibliometric analysis is carried out using all Scopus publications from 1960 to 2020 that use official statistics as data sources. Thus, 10,777 publications are analyzed using the SciMAT bibliometric analysis software, providing a complete conceptual analysis of the main research topics in the literature through the quantification of the main bibliometric performance indicators, identifying the most important authors, organizations, countries, sources, and intellectual structures corresponding to the main fields of research and bringing classification by subject area as an innovation to the methodology.
{"title":"Data-driven scientific research based on public statistics: a bibliometric perspective","authors":"José-Eusebio Velasco-López, Ramón-Alberto Carrasco, Manuel J. Cobo, Gema Fernández-Avilés","doi":"10.3145/epi.2023.may.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3145/epi.2023.may.14","url":null,"abstract":"Official statistics provide information on different areas of citizens’ lives and are widely used in scientific research as a source of data due to their open data nature and quality assurance. In this context, a bibliometric analysis is carried out using all Scopus publications from 1960 to 2020 that use official statistics as data sources. Thus, 10,777 publications are analyzed using the SciMAT bibliometric analysis software, providing a complete conceptual analysis of the main research topics in the literature through the quantification of the main bibliometric performance indicators, identifying the most important authors, organizations, countries, sources, and intellectual structures corresponding to the main fields of research and bringing classification by subject area as an innovation to the methodology.","PeriodicalId":20684,"journal":{"name":"Profesional De La Informacion","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135792692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"OBJETO INDIRECTO Y OBJETO DIRECTO.","authors":"Sergio Bogard","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv20hcrvm.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv20hcrvm.10","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20684,"journal":{"name":"Profesional De La Informacion","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2021-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84718792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"MARCADORES DISCURSIVOS DERIVADOS DEL VERBO VER.","authors":"B. Martín","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv20hcrvm.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv20hcrvm.7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20684,"journal":{"name":"Profesional De La Informacion","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2021-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86443298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"ME ALEJO DE TI MIENTRAS SE ACERCA EL OTOÑO.","authors":"Victoria Huila Cruz","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv20hcrvm.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv20hcrvm.4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20684,"journal":{"name":"Profesional De La Informacion","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2021-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83142695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alejandra Itzel Ortiz Villegas, H. A. G. Zúñiga, Armando Mora-Bustos
{"title":"CLÁUSULAS RELATIVAS ADVERBIALES","authors":"Alejandra Itzel Ortiz Villegas, H. A. G. Zúñiga, Armando Mora-Bustos","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv20hcrvm.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv20hcrvm.5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20684,"journal":{"name":"Profesional De La Informacion","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2021-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88558897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Back Matter","authors":"","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv20hcrvm.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv20hcrvm.12","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20684,"journal":{"name":"Profesional De La Informacion","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2021-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86903608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"SOBRE EL SIGNIFICADO DE POR ESO Y POR (LO) TANTO.","authors":"Graciela Fernández Ruiz","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv20hcrvm.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv20hcrvm.8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20684,"journal":{"name":"Profesional De La Informacion","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2021-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91181099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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