Pub Date : 2014-03-07DOI: 10.11127/IJAMMC.2014.03.06
B. Rebba, N. Ramanaiah
A B S T R A C T The present study was aimed at evaluating the mechanical properties of Aluminium 2024 alloy reinforced with B4C. An effort is made to enhance the mechanical properties like tensile strength and hardness of AMCs by reinforcing 2024 Al matrix with B4C particles. By stir casting method, aluminium matrix was reinforced with boron carbide particulates of 325 mesh size. Composite combinations of different weight % - 0%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4% & 5% were fabricated. The microstructure and mechanical properties of the fabricated AMCs were analyzed. Based on the results obtained from tensile strength test and hardness test of the metal matrix composites of different weight %, comparison study was made. The optical microstructure images reveal the homogeneous dispersion of B4C particles in the matrix. The reinforcement dispersion has also been identified with X-ray diffraction (XRD). The tensile strength and hardness were found to increase with the increase in wt. % of the reinforcement
{"title":"Studies on Mechanical Properties of 2024 Al - B4c Composites","authors":"B. Rebba, N. Ramanaiah","doi":"10.11127/IJAMMC.2014.03.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11127/IJAMMC.2014.03.06","url":null,"abstract":"A B S T R A C T The present study was aimed at evaluating the mechanical properties of Aluminium 2024 alloy reinforced with B4C. An effort is made to enhance the mechanical properties like tensile strength and hardness of AMCs by reinforcing 2024 Al matrix with B4C particles. By stir casting method, aluminium matrix was reinforced with boron carbide particulates of 325 mesh size. Composite combinations of different weight % - 0%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4% & 5% were fabricated. The microstructure and mechanical properties of the fabricated AMCs were analyzed. Based on the results obtained from tensile strength test and hardness test of the metal matrix composites of different weight %, comparison study was made. The optical microstructure images reveal the homogeneous dispersion of B4C particles in the matrix. The reinforcement dispersion has also been identified with X-ray diffraction (XRD). The tensile strength and hardness were found to increase with the increase in wt. % of the reinforcement","PeriodicalId":207087,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Materials Manufacturing and Characterization","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115725038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-03-07DOI: 10.11127/IJAMMC.2014.03.02
I. Singh, B. K. Mishra, Sachin Kumar, A. S. Shedbale
In the present article, the fatigue life of a center crack plate has been evaluated using XFEM in the presence of defects (holes, inclusions and minor cracks). The effect of plasticity is also evaluated on the fatigue life of the components. A generalized Ramberg-Osgood material model has been used to model the stress-strain behavior of the material. Von-Mises yield criterion has been used with isotropic strain hardening. A domain based approach is used to calculate the values of J-integral for two fracture modes (mode-I and mode-II). The values of stress intensity factor are evaluated from the J-integral values. Paris law is used to calculate the fatigue life under cyclic loading. Finally, the results obtained by linear and elasto-plastic analysis are compared with each other.
{"title":"Nonlinear Fatigue Crack Growth Analysis of a Center Crack Plate by XFEM","authors":"I. Singh, B. K. Mishra, Sachin Kumar, A. S. Shedbale","doi":"10.11127/IJAMMC.2014.03.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11127/IJAMMC.2014.03.02","url":null,"abstract":"In the present article, the fatigue life of a center crack plate has been evaluated using XFEM in the presence of defects (holes, inclusions and minor cracks). The effect of plasticity is also evaluated on the fatigue life of the components. A generalized Ramberg-Osgood material model has been used to model the stress-strain behavior of the material. Von-Mises yield criterion has been used with isotropic strain hardening. A domain based approach is used to calculate the values of J-integral for two fracture modes (mode-I and mode-II). The values of stress intensity factor are evaluated from the J-integral values. Paris law is used to calculate the fatigue life under cyclic loading. Finally, the results obtained by linear and elasto-plastic analysis are compared with each other.","PeriodicalId":207087,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Materials Manufacturing and Characterization","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134177126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-03-07DOI: 10.11127/IJAMMC.2014.03.03
Navin Kumar, K. Pochiraju
A B S T R A C T The effect of crack initiation on the dynamic stress states in a single crystal material is simulated using molecular dynamics methods. In Process, we examined if the dynamic virial stress measure capture structure vibration characteristic. The material is modeled using atomic state representative volume elements with both finite and infinite boundaries. The elastic response of the material is the result of atomic interaction modeled using embedded atom method (EAM) force potentials and idealized single crystal lattice geometries. Convergent initial equilibrium states are obtained by heating the material ensemble with slow heating rates. From the numerical simulations temperature dependent properties of the gold are determined. Frequency spectrum of virial stress and its kinetic and potential components are obtained. Crack initiation is modeled by selectively removing force interactions between atoms on the crack plane. The transition in the dynamics stress states are observed in the frequency domain. Frequency and amplitude shifts as evident in the frequency spectrum plots, show the loss in the stiffness (shift in the fundamental frequency) of the material.
{"title":"Transitions in dynamic stress states due to crack initiation in a single crystal","authors":"Navin Kumar, K. Pochiraju","doi":"10.11127/IJAMMC.2014.03.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11127/IJAMMC.2014.03.03","url":null,"abstract":"A B S T R A C T The effect of crack initiation on the dynamic stress states in a single crystal material is simulated using molecular dynamics methods. In Process, we examined if the dynamic virial stress measure capture structure vibration characteristic. The material is modeled using atomic state representative volume elements with both finite and infinite boundaries. The elastic response of the material is the result of atomic interaction modeled using embedded atom method (EAM) force potentials and idealized single crystal lattice geometries. Convergent initial equilibrium states are obtained by heating the material ensemble with slow heating rates. From the numerical simulations temperature dependent properties of the gold are determined. Frequency spectrum of virial stress and its kinetic and potential components are obtained. Crack initiation is modeled by selectively removing force interactions between atoms on the crack plane. The transition in the dynamics stress states are observed in the frequency domain. Frequency and amplitude shifts as evident in the frequency spectrum plots, show the loss in the stiffness (shift in the fundamental frequency) of the material.","PeriodicalId":207087,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Materials Manufacturing and Characterization","volume":"83 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134033623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-03-01DOI: 10.11127/IJAMMC.2014.03.13
R. Goud, E. Prasad, Swadesh Kumar Singh
A B S T R A C T In the present paper the drawability of extra deep drawing steel was estimated in two stage forward redrawing process. The EDD steel sheets of one millimeter thickness were cut into circular blanks of diameter 80mm, 82mm and 84mm.Deep drawing and redrawing experiments were carried out successfully on hydraulic press by using specially designed super alloy dies at room temperature and at elevated temperatures. The effects of process parameters on the final product quality were discussed. The experimental results were analyzed and the process defects of local thinning were predicted and thickness variations were discussed.
{"title":"Redrawing of EDD steel at elevated temperature","authors":"R. Goud, E. Prasad, Swadesh Kumar Singh","doi":"10.11127/IJAMMC.2014.03.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11127/IJAMMC.2014.03.13","url":null,"abstract":"A B S T R A C T In the present paper the drawability of extra deep drawing steel was estimated in two stage forward redrawing process. The EDD steel sheets of one millimeter thickness were cut into circular blanks of diameter 80mm, 82mm and 84mm.Deep drawing and redrawing experiments were carried out successfully on hydraulic press by using specially designed super alloy dies at room temperature and at elevated temperatures. The effects of process parameters on the final product quality were discussed. The experimental results were analyzed and the process defects of local thinning were predicted and thickness variations were discussed.","PeriodicalId":207087,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Materials Manufacturing and Characterization","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127439637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-08-13DOI: 10.11127/IJAMMC.2013.07.06
K. Kumar, K. R. N. Reddy, S. Sripathy
The present work study flexural behavior and water absorption properties of short Kenaf fiber reinforced composites. The fibers are chemically treated in 2% NaOH solution at room temperature. Short fibers of 4mm and 8 mm are used in the present work. The composite lamina is prepared by hand molding using isopthalic polyester resin. Flexural test and water absorption tests are carried out as per ASTM standards. The flexural strength and flexural modulus and water absorption behaviour of composite lamina are evaluated. Effect of Fiber surface Treatment on flexural properties and water absorption behaviour is also observed. .The Flexural Strength is increased by 13.8%, 12.8%, and 1.6% for Kenaf T-4 mm laminate, Kenaf T-8 mm laminate, Kenaf UT-4 mm laminate respectively when compared to resin lamina. . But it is observed that the Flexural Strength is decreased by 4.4% for Kenaf UT-8mm laminate when compared to resin lamina. Surface treatment of fiber had a significant effect on fiber/matrix adhesion due to this there is an increase in Flexural strength. Water Absorption capacity is less for Kenaf T-8mm laminate when compared to other composite laminates but it is high when compared to pure resin laminate..
{"title":"Evaluation OF Flexural and Water Absorption Properties of Short Kenaf Fiber Reinforced Green Composites","authors":"K. Kumar, K. R. N. Reddy, S. Sripathy","doi":"10.11127/IJAMMC.2013.07.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11127/IJAMMC.2013.07.06","url":null,"abstract":"The present work study flexural behavior and water absorption properties of short Kenaf fiber reinforced composites. The fibers are chemically treated in 2% NaOH solution at room temperature. Short fibers of 4mm and 8 mm are used in the present work. The composite lamina is prepared by hand molding using isopthalic polyester resin. Flexural test and water absorption tests are carried out as per ASTM standards. The flexural strength and flexural modulus and water absorption behaviour of composite lamina are evaluated. Effect of Fiber surface Treatment on flexural properties and water absorption behaviour is also observed. .The Flexural Strength is increased by 13.8%, 12.8%, and 1.6% for Kenaf T-4 mm laminate, Kenaf T-8 mm laminate, Kenaf UT-4 mm laminate respectively when compared to resin lamina. . But it is observed that the Flexural Strength is decreased by 4.4% for Kenaf UT-8mm laminate when compared to resin lamina. Surface treatment of fiber had a significant effect on fiber/matrix adhesion due to this there is an increase in Flexural strength. Water Absorption capacity is less for Kenaf T-8mm laminate when compared to other composite laminates but it is high when compared to pure resin laminate..","PeriodicalId":207087,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Materials Manufacturing and Characterization","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129093018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-08-13DOI: 10.11127/IJAMMC.2013.07.01
Alain Kusmoko, D. Dunne, Huijun Li, D. Nolan
A B S T R A C T Stellite 6 was deposited by laser cladding of two different steel substrates (nickel superalloy and mild steel). The chemical compositions and microstructures of these coatings were characterized by atomic absorption spectroscopy, optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The microhardness of the coatings was measured and the wear mechanism of the coatings was examined using a pin-on-plate (reciprocating) wear testing machine. The results showed less cracking and pore development for Stellite 6 coatings applied to the mild steel (MS) substrate. Further, the Stellite coating on mild steel was significantly harder than that deposited on the superalloy. The wear test results showed that the weight loss for the coating on mild steel was significantly lower than for the nickel superalloy substrate. It is concluded that the lower hardness of the coating on the nickel superalloy, together with the softer underlying substrate structure, markedly reduced the wear resistance of the Stellite 6 coating
{"title":"Deposition of Stellite 6 on nickel superalloy and mild steel substrates with laser cladding","authors":"Alain Kusmoko, D. Dunne, Huijun Li, D. Nolan","doi":"10.11127/IJAMMC.2013.07.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11127/IJAMMC.2013.07.01","url":null,"abstract":"A B S T R A C T Stellite 6 was deposited by laser cladding of two different steel substrates (nickel superalloy and mild steel). The chemical compositions and microstructures of these coatings were characterized by atomic absorption spectroscopy, optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The microhardness of the coatings was measured and the wear mechanism of the coatings was examined using a pin-on-plate (reciprocating) wear testing machine. The results showed less cracking and pore development for Stellite 6 coatings applied to the mild steel (MS) substrate. Further, the Stellite coating on mild steel was significantly harder than that deposited on the superalloy. The wear test results showed that the weight loss for the coating on mild steel was significantly lower than for the nickel superalloy substrate. It is concluded that the lower hardness of the coating on the nickel superalloy, together with the softer underlying substrate structure, markedly reduced the wear resistance of the Stellite 6 coating","PeriodicalId":207087,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Materials Manufacturing and Characterization","volume":"74 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130773605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-08-13DOI: 10.11127/IJAMMC.2013.07.08
Z. Khan, H. Pathak
A B S T R A C T Aluminium and Copper wire-seals were fabricated and characterized as ultra-high vacuum (UHV) demountable wire-seals for large sized non-circular openings. A vacuum system used to measure integrated helium leak rate over the whole circumference of the wire-seal and the wire compression at particular compression force is described. The results show that the leak rate of the order of 1 × 10 – 10 mbar l/s can be achieved by applying the force per unit length of 258 kN/m to aluminium wire-seal with compression of 25 %, while to obtain the same order of leak rate in copper wire-seal, the force per unit length is 415 kN/m at the compression of 44 %.
{"title":"Development of Aluminium Wire as an UHV Compatible Demountable Seal","authors":"Z. Khan, H. Pathak","doi":"10.11127/IJAMMC.2013.07.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11127/IJAMMC.2013.07.08","url":null,"abstract":"A B S T R A C T Aluminium and Copper wire-seals were fabricated and characterized as ultra-high vacuum (UHV) demountable wire-seals for large sized non-circular openings. A vacuum system used to measure integrated helium leak rate over the whole circumference of the wire-seal and the wire compression at particular compression force is described. The results show that the leak rate of the order of 1 × 10 – 10 mbar l/s can be achieved by applying the force per unit length of 258 kN/m to aluminium wire-seal with compression of 25 %, while to obtain the same order of leak rate in copper wire-seal, the force per unit length is 415 kN/m at the compression of 44 %.","PeriodicalId":207087,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Materials Manufacturing and Characterization","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117101568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-08-13DOI: 10.11127/IJAMMC.2013.07.03
S. Assarzadeh, M. Ghoreishi
In this two-part research, a unified approach is presented to model and optimize the electro-discharge machining (EDM) parameters on WC/6%Co using response surface methodology (RSM) and desirability function (DF) concept. In the first part, four controllable parameters, viz., discharge current (A), pulse on-time (B), duty cycle (C), and average gap voltage (D) have been selected as the input variables to evaluate the process performance in terms of material removal rate (MRR), tool wear rate (TWR), and arithmetic mean surface roughness (Ra) as the performance characteristics. The modeling phase begins applying face-centered central (FCC) composite design to plan and analyze the experiments in accordance with the RSM. For every response, the significant forms of influential parameters were properly identified conducting a comprehensive analysis of variance (ANOVA) at 1, 5, and 7% level of significance. It has been revealed that all the direct effects of input parameters are extremely momentous affecting both the MRR and TWR. Moreover, the pure quadratic effect of duty cycle (C2), the reciprocal effects of discharge current with pulse on-time (A×B), duty cycle (A×C), and gap voltage (A×D), as well as the interaction amongst the pulse on-time with duty cycle (B×C) were also reached to be important terms affecting the MRR. The TWR measure behaves the same way, however, it exhibits a more nonlinear mathematical form containing the second order effect of discharge current (A2) as an additional important term. On the other hand, for the Ra, the only significant parameters are the main effects of the first two inputs (A and B) plus the interactions of current with pulse on-time (A×B) and with gap voltage (A×D). The results indicate that the suitably proposed step-by-step implemented approach can substantially elucidate the highly multifaceted behavior of the chosen grade WC-Co under different EDM conditions providing a reliable platform to both navigating the operational region and seeking for optimal working circumstances confidently.
{"title":"Statistical Investigation into the Effects of Electro-Discharge Machining Parameters on WC/6%Co Composite-Part 1: Modeling through Response Surface Methodology (RSM)","authors":"S. Assarzadeh, M. Ghoreishi","doi":"10.11127/IJAMMC.2013.07.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11127/IJAMMC.2013.07.03","url":null,"abstract":"In this two-part research, a unified approach is presented to model and optimize the electro-discharge machining (EDM) parameters on WC/6%Co using response surface methodology (RSM) and desirability function (DF) concept. In the first part, four controllable parameters, viz., discharge current (A), pulse on-time (B), duty cycle (C), and average gap voltage (D) have been selected as the input variables to evaluate the process performance in terms of material removal rate (MRR), tool wear rate (TWR), and arithmetic mean surface roughness (Ra) as the performance characteristics. The modeling phase begins applying face-centered central (FCC) composite design to plan and analyze the experiments in accordance with the RSM. For every response, the significant forms of influential parameters were properly identified conducting a comprehensive analysis of variance (ANOVA) at 1, 5, and 7% level of significance. It has been revealed that all the direct effects of input parameters are extremely momentous affecting both the MRR and TWR. Moreover, the pure quadratic effect of duty cycle (C2), the reciprocal effects of discharge current with pulse on-time (A×B), duty cycle (A×C), and gap voltage (A×D), as well as the interaction amongst the pulse on-time with duty cycle (B×C) were also reached to be important terms affecting the MRR. The TWR measure behaves the same way, however, it exhibits a more nonlinear mathematical form containing the second order effect of discharge current (A2) as an additional important term. On the other hand, for the Ra, the only significant parameters are the main effects of the first two inputs (A and B) plus the interactions of current with pulse on-time (A×B) and with gap voltage (A×D). The results indicate that the suitably proposed step-by-step implemented approach can substantially elucidate the highly multifaceted behavior of the chosen grade WC-Co under different EDM conditions providing a reliable platform to both navigating the operational region and seeking for optimal working circumstances confidently.","PeriodicalId":207087,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Materials Manufacturing and Characterization","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124721260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-08-13DOI: 10.11127/IJAMMC.2013.07.09
R. Keshavamurthy, Padmanav Rashmirathi, A. Vinod, C. Srinivasa, P. Shashikumar
{"title":"Optimization of Process Parameters for Direct Metal Deposition of H13 tool Steel","authors":"R. Keshavamurthy, Padmanav Rashmirathi, A. Vinod, C. Srinivasa, P. Shashikumar","doi":"10.11127/IJAMMC.2013.07.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11127/IJAMMC.2013.07.09","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":207087,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Materials Manufacturing and Characterization","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132417417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-08-13DOI: 10.11127/IJAMMC.2013.07.02
Alain Kusmoko, A. Crosky
A B S T R A C T This study was undertaken to evaluate the likely effect on the wear rate of changing the pinion material in a rack and pinion steering box from carburised SAE-AISI grade 8617 H steel to induction hardened SAE-AISI grade 4140 steel. Accordingly, pin-on-disc unlubricated wear tests were conducted using carburised 8617 H pins and through hardened 4140 pins. The surface hardness of the pins was approximately 60 HRC for both materials. The discs were made of SAE-AISI grade 1040 steel through hardened to a hardness of 45 HRC. The tests were conducted using a load of 2.2 kg and a rotational speed of 60 rpm and also under a load of 28.5 kg and a speed of 99 rpm. The results showed that both the pins and the discs wore more rapidly when the tests were carried out with 4140 pins. The data was evaluated using a wear mode map developed by Lim, Ashby and Brunton. This indicated that the wear mode was mild delamination wear at the lower load and speed but severe oxidational wear for higher load and higher speed
{"title":"Wear Mode Map Evaluation of Induction Hardened 4140 and Carburised 8617H Steels on 1040 Steel","authors":"Alain Kusmoko, A. Crosky","doi":"10.11127/IJAMMC.2013.07.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11127/IJAMMC.2013.07.02","url":null,"abstract":"A B S T R A C T This study was undertaken to evaluate the likely effect on the wear rate of changing the pinion material in a rack and pinion steering box from carburised SAE-AISI grade 8617 H steel to induction hardened SAE-AISI grade 4140 steel. Accordingly, pin-on-disc unlubricated wear tests were conducted using carburised 8617 H pins and through hardened 4140 pins. The surface hardness of the pins was approximately 60 HRC for both materials. The discs were made of SAE-AISI grade 1040 steel through hardened to a hardness of 45 HRC. The tests were conducted using a load of 2.2 kg and a rotational speed of 60 rpm and also under a load of 28.5 kg and a speed of 99 rpm. The results showed that both the pins and the discs wore more rapidly when the tests were carried out with 4140 pins. The data was evaluated using a wear mode map developed by Lim, Ashby and Brunton. This indicated that the wear mode was mild delamination wear at the lower load and speed but severe oxidational wear for higher load and higher speed","PeriodicalId":207087,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Materials Manufacturing and Characterization","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130811609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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