Psychiatrische Praxis最新文献

International studies suggest an interaction between unwanted pregnancies and mental health. This study examines prevalence, outcomes, and social factors of unwanted pregnancies among women with mental illness in Germany.In a cross-sectional study, 4495 women were recruited via the population register and 478 women via relevant contact points and asked about the number, intent, pregnancy outcome and social context.Women with mental illness showed an increased risk of unwanted pregnancies (OR=1.6), abortions (OR=1.6), and unwanted pregnancies carried to term (OR=1.8), and unwanted pregnancies are more often linked to stressful life circumstances.Interactions between unwanted pregnancies, mental health, and social stressors underline the need to integrate reproductive health into recovery-oriented care.

Mental health literacy (MHL) is considered a key concept in dealing with mental illness. It encompasses knowledge about illnesses, risk factors, help-seeking behavior, and attitudes toward mental illness. Shame is also associated with these factors. In this study, a modified German version (MHLS-DE) was developed and tested on an online sample (N=533). The psychometric properties of the MHLS-DE and the role of shame as a mediator of MHL were investigated. The MHLS-DE achieved good reliability (Cronbach's χ=0.846) and structural validity. Gender-modulated mediation effects through shame experiences were found for the relationship between psychological flexibility and MHL. Despite ongoing conceptual ambiguities, mental health literacy can be reliably assessed with the MHLS-DE. The mediation analysis highlighted the role of feelings of shame in MHL, which should be considered in interventions to improve MHL.

To analyze the recidivism of forensic psychiatric patients in outpatient aftercare. The study investigated the type and the time until recidivism, as well as the correlation between personal risk factors and the rate of recidivism.Descriptive evaluation of the distribution of offense types basing on catamnestic data from 122 persons from a Bavarian forensic aftercare outpatient clinic. Survival time analyses used the Kaplan-Meier method, in which known risk factors were included as potential predictors.In the mean observation period of 34 months, 86% showed no new delinquency. Property and drug-related offenses dominated. Only gender, marital status and (as a statistical trend) the main offense showed differential relations with the rate of recidivism.Recidivism in this group is rare. Known risk factors appear to be of little use in predicting reoffending; dynamic aspects should be considered.

To identify the frequency of different causes for non-utilization of telemedicine and examine their association with socioeconomic characteristics among mental health patients.A quota-based online survey was conducted in December 2023 in Germany. Patients (aged 18-74) who had received mental health services since March 2020 were questioned about their reasons for not using telemedicine (n=1,215).The most common causes included unfamiliarity with the services (53.6%), individual attitudes (29.7%), and lack of trust in the services (18.2%). Associations with socioeconomic characteristics were observed in some cases.The study findings highlight that service and information gaps should be closed, and measures to strengthen positive attitudes and reduce misconceptions are simultaneously needed to increase telemedicine use.

Climate change has far-reaching effects on mental health. In addition to direct effects on the psyche, e. g. due to extreme weather events, and long-term effects due to changes in living conditions, climate emotions are usually normal psychological, appropriate reactions in the form of solastalgia, anger, sadness, shame, guilt, etc. Directly or mediated by intra- and interpersonal conflicts as well as dysfunctional coping strategies, they can impair mental health (and ultimately also climate protection) and thus trigger the need for professional support. Based on a case report from a psychiatric-psychotherapeutic climate consultation, specific aspects of climate-sensitive counseling are illustrated and conclusions for professional action are drawn.

To determine if the new care element of psychotherapeutic consultation (ptc), which was introduced in outpatient psychotherapeutic care in 2017, has the potential of coordinating care for people with mental health problems and to identify potential barriers and facilitators.A cross-sectional survey of a stratified random sample of 3,400 psychotherapists (pt) was conducted between 07/2021 and 03/2022. Descriptive analyses were performed.760 questionnaires were included in the analysis. Most pt attributed appropriate advice or diagnostics to ptc. 16% of pt recognised that ptc had a role in coordinating care. 5% of pt recognised better communication with other specialist disciplines or improved cross-sectoral collaboration.The survey suggests that improved cooperation and communication between service providers may benefit the ptc for a potential role of coordinating the care of people with mental health problems.

In order to ensure the feasibility of a nationwide annual survey of patients in forensic psychiatry, a pilot study was conducted to collect data from the entire § 63 StGB patient population of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. Staff of the participating hospitals completed an online questionnaire on biographical, clinical and legal data that were analyzed descriptively. The data collection process was monitored and critically reviewed.Data on 145 patients (mean age 42 years) was collected. Schizophrenia was most frequently diagnosed, about half of the patients had a comorbid substance use disorder. Length of stay was longer compared to the German average. Notable is the low proportion of evidence-based treatment programs.The pilot showed that a nationwide survey of forensic-psychiatric patients is feasible and challenges can be overcome. The focus should be on therapies offered and their impact on otcomes.