Psychiatrische Praxis最新文献

Objective: Day centres for people with mental disabilities are widespread. Nevertheless, there are only a few studies on their utilisation and effectiveness. This study examines what an ideal day centre should look like from the perspective of the users.

Methods: Six guided focus groups were conducted with 4-8 users each. The discussions were transcribed verbatim and analysed using qualitative content analysis.

Results: 36 participants (67% women, aged 20-62 years). The day centres fulfilled 5 functions: Improving mental health, experiencing community, maintaining daily structure, meaningful occupation and building up workability. The results revealed important aspects of organisation, current and desired activities and support.

Conclusion: Day centres are seen as an elementary component of intermediate mental health care. Users have clear ideas about how day centres can support their social and occupational rehabilitation.

This retrospective follow-up study over one year (after discharge from the index treatment), compares the effects of inpatient-equivalent home treatment (IEHT) and regular psychiatric treatment using subjective and objective quality indicators. Using a 1:1 matching of cohorts (diagnosis, age, gender, number of previous treatments and severity of illness), 732 IEHT patients were assigned to a comparison group. Outcome data was taken from the routine data of the clinic database and the in-house basic documentation. In the subjective quality measure, patients and practitioners in regular psychiatric treatment reported a significantly higher improvement in condition. In terms of the objective quality measure, the number of further inpatient treatment days in the observation period, the two groups did not differ significantly, which can be interpreted as encouragement for the use of this new, increasingly established form of treatment.

As part of the largest model project in Germany in accordance with § 64b SGB V at the Pfalzklinikum, a clearing concept was developed in the Clinic for Geriatric Psychiatry to ensure rapid and adequate diagnosis and effective referral to the further treatment setting. Retrospective data of all clearing cases from the first year are presented. In addition to demographic data and treatment diagnoses, the distribution of patients across settings providing further treatment is presented.From a total of 1076 cases, more than half of the patients were able to be treated or discharged as outpatients after five working days at the latest.The results emphasize the central role of clearing for treatment management. With regard to demographic change, suggestions for standard care can be derived in order to provide patients with special diagnostic and treatment needs with more targeted and resource-efficient care.

Objective: People with mental illness should live independently in the community. This study analyzed the housing situation and the use and need of psychiatric housing facilities of people with severe mental illness.

Methods: Data from a cross-sectional study with 397 people with severe mental illness from two Bavarian districts were used and analyzed descriptively.

Results: 70% of the patients live independently. 6% use supported housing or residential care. 25% of the participants have housing needs, but 39% of them do not receive adequate help. Most of the patients are familiar with supported housing or residential care and find these helpful.

Conclusion: Most patients live in a housing situation that meets the social norm. However, some patients have an unresolved housing problem. The use of supported housing or residential care is helpful, but is rarely used.

Objective: The current systematic review summarizes reviews on effects of formalized peer support work in clinical psychiatric settings in order to obtain an up-to-date picture of the current state of evidence.

Methods: Search in five electronic databases for relevant literature reviews regarding effects of peer support work in psychiatric settings. Database searches were complemented by a hand search.

Results: 16 reviews were found. They evaluate effects of peer support on clinical or psychosocial outcomes. No consistent effects are found for clinical outcomes. Small positive tendencies occur for psychosocial outcomes.

Conclusions: The authors of the reviews consistently mentioned the low quality of the primary studies. Therefore, the present results can rather be interpreted as a preliminary tendency. Further studies are necessary for evaluation of peer support in a more differentiated way.

Objective: After WW II, Holocaust survivors often faced negative assessments by German psychiatrists when claiming compensation for psychological damage, a fact that was met with criticism. This study examines how as a result the prevailing doctrine on trauma sequelae underwent a transformation.

Methods: Academic contributions in German language from 1946 to 1969 are analyzed for their para-digmatic views on the etiology of mental disorders after war and Nazi persecution.

Results: Only a new generation of psychiatrists was able to develop more adequate psychotraumatological concepts by using anthropological and occasionally psychoanalytic theoretical elements. At the same time this also questioned the medically oriented concept of illness in psychiatry.

Conclusion: Less the persistence of anti-Semitic sentiments but rather internal scientific reasons such as an unevidenced dogmatism obstructed the the advancement of science.

This study focuses on the development of a possible future scenario for mental health nursing in Germany. Based on the identified trends in mental health care, important implications for the design of future-oriented mental health nursing were identified and discussed. The developed model describes a type of mental health nursing that takes place on an "extended" or "advanced" level, close to the community and in a multi-professional setting in the living environment of the affected persons and their relatives. It integrates digital elements of mental health care, while practicing person-centered, diversity- and trauma-informed approaches. Although this describes an approach to mental health nursing that could meet the expected trends and developments in mental health care, critical discussion and reflected consensus on these ideas is needed in an interdisciplinary body.