Psychiatrische Praxis最新文献

The study explores the common effort of social psychiatrists in Eastern and Western Germany to help people suffering from mental health issues to gain more self-determination and social participation and to make mental health care more humane from the 1960s onwards. At the same time, it provides a contrastive analysis of the social psychiatric concepts developed by the psychiatrists Karl Peter Kisker, Klaus Weise and the philosopher Achim Thom. A thorough analysis of literature reveals differences in the theoretical approaches in the East and West. Kisker, who was a representative of the West German social psychiatric movement, had a phenomenological-anthropological background. By contrast, Weise and Thom even though following the same subject orientation, established a socialist social psychiatry clearly integrating Marxist views into their concept. This contrastive also elaborates common viewpoints in understanding the social dimensions of mental health conditions in the two concepts.

Objective: The qualitative study aims to explore reasons and occations for concealment in male participants with depression.

Methods: Five focus groups with 16 men were analysed via Qualitative Content Analysis.

Results: Four motives of concealment have been explored: 1. continuity of professional career, 2. Ensure acceptance and social belonging, 3. control over social identity, 4. avoiding loads of personal environment. Participants differentiate from stereotypes of hegemonic male gender norms. However, participants connect to hegemonic male gender norms when attributing professional success with vigour and assertiveness.

Conclusion: Results confirm the presence of hegemonic male gender norms particularly on the job. As a consequence, men with depressiopn replicate self- and social stigma if they fail to comply with hegemonic male gender roles. Workplace interventions that react to discrimination of mental health problems may be beneficial for men with depression.

Objective: The aim is to analyze pandemic-related effects on everyday life and psychosocial health in the understudied vulnerable group of cognitively impaired elderly people living at home.

Methods: Structured telephone interviews in 2020 (n+=+141) and 2021 (n+=+107) were used to survey over-65s with cognitive impairment (MMSE Ø 23.4). The results from the 2021 survey presented here reflect experiences and attitudes, effects on daily life and health care, and psychosocial burdens and resources. Longitudinal analysis of selected indicators of burden is provided for n+=+66.

Results: Even in the face of increasing concerns and moderate impacts on everyday life and health care, overall psychosocial health is proving to be good and largely stable over time.

Conclusion: Respondents have high levels of personal and social resources, and their coping with limitations is characterized by acceptance and willingness to adapt.

The study describes developments and local models of psychiatric rehabilitation in the GDR and the USSR. After the Second World War patient care was focused on hospitals. The Rodewisch Theses and the Brandenburg Theses as well as the "Conception to improve the patient care for mentally ill people after 1980" were important suggestions. The GDR primary literature review shows that soviet concepts were often received. The principles of stages, continuity and sectorization set the stage for success here and there. Transition units such as psychoneurological dispensaries, the occupational/protected workshops and assisted residences, therapeutic clubs, day and night hospitals were created. The occupational therapy was intended to facilitate the transition into the normal working. As a consequence, during the 1970s and 1980s in the GDR a high level of employment of mentally ill people in the economy could be achieved.

People with mental illness often have complex social problems. Up to now, there has been no systematised/standardised recording of social assistance needs in acute psychiatric care. One reason for this is the lack of adequate instruments and the increasing workload. The review analyses established needs assessment instruments with regard to their suitability for addressing the question. It becomes clear that these instruments are insufficiently suitable for a structured assessment of the need for psychosocial support. This results in the need for the development of a short and standardised instrument for the assessment of psychosocial support needs, which can be used as part of multiprofessional diagnostics within psychiatric care.

Objective: To investigate psychiatric service use depending on distances (travel times) to inpatient and outpatient service sites.

Methods: Retrospective cohort analysis of all patients aged 18-64 years who had been treated in a Swiss psychiatric services system in 2022.

Results: Outpatient service utilization rates decreased statistically significantly with increasing distance (travel time by public transportation) between the place of residence and the responsible outpatient clinic. For inpatient utilization, the distance decay effects were much less strong and did not always reach a statistically significant level.

Conclusion: In an easily accessible and economically reasonable psychiatric services system, inpatient and specialized services should be organized centrally, while general outpatient psychiatric services should be planned decentralized and close to the communities where people live.

Objective: There are always cases in which an already started inpatient equivalent home treatment is terminated. Aim of our study was to reach a better understanding of the circumstances leading to a termination of IEHT that has already begun.

Methods: 17 qualitative interviews were conducted with patients, relatives as well as practitioners and therapists. Data analysis was performed by means of qualitative content analysis.

Results: Our data shows, that there are further factors, besides the formal exclusion criteria for IEHT, that can complicate or prevent an inpatient equivalent home treatment or lead to its termination.

Conclusion: IEHT offers many patients the possibility of an intensive treatment in their own home. However, there our various constellations that can lead to a complication or termination of an inpatient equivalent home treatment.

This study focuses on the development of a possible future scenario for mental health nursing in Germany. Based on the identified trends in mental health care, important implications for the design of future-oriented mental health nursing were identified and discussed. The developed model describes a type of mental health nursing that takes place on an "extended" or "advanced" level, close to the community and in a multi-professional setting in the living environment of the affected persons and their relatives. It integrates digital elements of mental health care, while practicing person-centered, diversity- and trauma-informed approaches. Although this describes an approach to mental health nursing that could meet the expected trends and developments in mental health care, critical discussion and reflected consensus on these ideas is needed in an interdisciplinary body.