M. Samota, M. Kaur, Madhvi Sharma, Sarita, V. Krishnan, Julie Thakur, Mandeep Rawat, B. Phogat, P. Guru
Hesperidin is abundantly present as a flavanone glycoside in citrus fruits. The citrus peels, seeds, pulp, and cell and membrane residues contain a high amount of hesperidin. It has received scientific momentum lately as it offers several health benefits upon consumption, as it possesses antioxidant, anti-hypocholesteric, antitumor, anticancer, antimicrobial, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic properties, and so on. It is used in the treatment of various diseases and disorders such as type-II diabetes, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and neurological and psychiatric disorders. Various extraction methods such as solvent extraction, cold extraction, microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), and supercritical fluid extraction have been employed globally to obtain the maximum yield of hesperidin, which is also environment-friendly and cost-effective. The food industries produce a huge amount of citrus residue after the preparation of juices, jellies, jams, etc. These byproduct wastes are used to extract hesperidin. This review aims at highlighting the updated and scientific information about the nutritional, phytochemical, and biological activities of hesperidin; various classical and modern extraction methods; and their impact on the yield of hesperidin and health implications of hesperidin.
{"title":"Hesperidin from citrus peel waste","authors":"M. Samota, M. Kaur, Madhvi Sharma, Sarita, V. Krishnan, Julie Thakur, Mandeep Rawat, B. Phogat, P. Guru","doi":"10.15586/qas.v15i2.1256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15586/qas.v15i2.1256","url":null,"abstract":"Hesperidin is abundantly present as a flavanone glycoside in citrus fruits. The citrus peels, seeds, pulp, and cell and membrane residues contain a high amount of hesperidin. It has received scientific momentum lately as it offers several health benefits upon consumption, as it possesses antioxidant, anti-hypocholesteric, antitumor, anticancer, antimicrobial, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic properties, and so on. It is used in the treatment of various diseases and disorders such as type-II diabetes, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and neurological and psychiatric disorders. Various extraction methods such as solvent extraction, cold extraction, microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), and supercritical fluid extraction have been employed globally to obtain the maximum yield of hesperidin, which is also environment-friendly and cost-effective. The food industries produce a huge amount of citrus residue after the preparation of juices, jellies, jams, etc. These byproduct wastes are used to extract hesperidin. This review aims at highlighting the updated and scientific information about the nutritional, phytochemical, and biological activities of hesperidin; various classical and modern extraction methods; and their impact on the yield of hesperidin and health implications of hesperidin.","PeriodicalId":20738,"journal":{"name":"Quality Assurance and Safety of Crops & Foods","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88895569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ximei Li, Ruiyong Jing, Liyan Wang, Nan Wu, Zhenhua Guo
Rice is an important agricultural product consumed globally. Rice polluted by cadmium (Cd) poses serious health risks. Numerous studies have shown that arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) decrease Cd concentrations in the grain, shoots, and roots of rice. However, one study showed that AMF increased the root Cd concentration in rice. Therefore, a meta-analysis of the contribution of AMF to rice Cd tolerance became necessary. This meta-analysis was conducted to analyze the role of AMF in Cd tolerance in rice by searching the following databases: ProQuest, PubMed, Scopus, and ScienceDirect. A total of 571 studies were found, of which nine studies and 25 datasets were used in the meta-analysis. The period of inclusion of research reports was from January 1992 to April 2022. The results showed that with the addition of Rhizophagus irregularis, Cd concentration in the roots was higher than in the control group, although the overall Cd concentration in the plant was reduced. Four species of AMF reduced Cd concentration in rice shoots and grain tissues. These AMF species increased the biomass of rice root and shoot tissues; however, they did not affect grain biomass. AMF decreased the transfer factor (TF), and the TF of Glomus versiforme (12.99%) was significantly lower than the other three AMF types. We proposed that Cd could be enriched in rice roots, and the transfer of Cd to the grain could be inhibited. At the time of grain harvesting, rice roots are removed from the soil, thus removing Cd from the soil. This operation can efficiently improve both land-bearing capacity and soil without affecting rice yield. Thus, Cd was enriched in rice roots, and the poten-tial for Cd transfer to the grain was inhibited due to the decreased TF. The future research must focus on how R. irregularis could improve the HMA3 gene expression in rice root, and prevents the transportation of Cd from the roots to shoots.
{"title":"Role of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in cadmium tolerance in rice (Oryza sativa L): a meta-analysis","authors":"Ximei Li, Ruiyong Jing, Liyan Wang, Nan Wu, Zhenhua Guo","doi":"10.15586/qas.v15i2.1182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15586/qas.v15i2.1182","url":null,"abstract":"Rice is an important agricultural product consumed globally. Rice polluted by cadmium (Cd) poses serious health risks. Numerous studies have shown that arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) decrease Cd concentrations in the grain, shoots, and roots of rice. However, one study showed that AMF increased the root Cd concentration in rice. Therefore, a meta-analysis of the contribution of AMF to rice Cd tolerance became necessary. This meta-analysis was conducted to analyze the role of AMF in Cd tolerance in rice by searching the following databases: ProQuest, PubMed, Scopus, and ScienceDirect. A total of 571 studies were found, of which nine studies and 25 datasets were used in the meta-analysis. The period of inclusion of research reports was from January 1992 to April 2022. The results showed that with the addition of Rhizophagus irregularis, Cd concentration in the roots was higher than in the control group, although the overall Cd concentration in the plant was reduced. Four species of AMF reduced Cd concentration in rice shoots and grain tissues. These AMF species increased the biomass of rice root and shoot tissues; however, they did not affect grain biomass. AMF decreased the transfer factor (TF), and the TF of Glomus versiforme (12.99%) was significantly lower than the other three AMF types. We proposed that Cd could be enriched in rice roots, and the transfer of Cd to the grain could be inhibited. At the time of grain harvesting, rice roots are removed from the soil, thus removing Cd from the soil. This operation can efficiently improve both land-bearing capacity and soil without affecting rice yield. Thus, Cd was enriched in rice roots, and the poten-tial for Cd transfer to the grain was inhibited due to the decreased TF. The future research must focus on how R. irregularis could improve the HMA3 gene expression in rice root, and prevents the transportation of Cd from the roots to shoots.","PeriodicalId":20738,"journal":{"name":"Quality Assurance and Safety of Crops & Foods","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80014462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Wen, Lijuan Yuan, Junqin Ye, Ya-jie Li, Zhen-quan Yang, Wen-yuan Zhou
Staphylococcus aureus, a prominent pathogen, is frequently encountered in clinical and food-processing settings. Given its ability to develop antimicrobial resistance, effective control strategies are required to ensure microbial safety. In this study, four lytic S. aureus phages (SapYZU10, SapYZU11, SapYZU12, and SapYZU13) were isolated from sewage samples in Yangzhou, China. Their biological characteristics and bactericidal effect against S. aureus isolates in vitro and in milk and fresh pork were evaluated. Their activities remained relatively stable under stressful conditions (-80–70°C, pH 3.0–12.0). Notably, SapYZU11 (100%, 53/53) effectively lysed all 53 S. aureus strains, followed by SapYZU12 (90.57%, 48/53), SapYZU13 (79.25%, 42/53), and SapYZU10 (71.70%, 38/53). Among the phages with short latent periods (10–20 min), SapYZU11 had a larger burst size (152.00 plaque forming units [PFU]/mL) and no genes related to antibiotic resistance and virulence. Furthermore, SapYZU11 effectively eradicated S. aureus and its cocktail (YZUsa1, YZUsa4, YZUsa12, YZUsa14, and methicillin-resistance S. aureus (MRSA) JCSC 4744) in Luria–Bertani broth and both food items. Particularly in milk, SapYZU11 with a multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 100 inhibited MRSA JCSC 4744 strain and S. aureus cocktail with maximum reduction levels of 5.03 log (Lg) colony-forming unit (CFU)/mL and 2.80 Lg CFU/mL, respectively. Conversely, contaminated pork treated with three MOIs of SapYZU11 at 25°C and 4°C resulted in reductions of 0.29–1.29 Lg CFU/mL and 0.11–0.32 Lg CFU/mL, respectively. Therefore, SapYZU11 proved as a promising biocontrol agent against S. aureus in different food production settings.
金黄色葡萄球菌是一种重要的病原体，在临床和食品加工环境中经常遇到。鉴于其产生抗微生物药物耐药性的能力，需要有效的控制策略来确保微生物安全。本研究从扬州地区的污水中分离到4株裂解型金黄色葡萄球菌噬菌体SapYZU10、SapYZU11、SapYZU12和SapYZU13。对其生物学特性和对金黄色葡萄球菌的体外抑菌效果、牛奶和鲜肉中的抑菌效果进行了评价。在逆境条件下(-80-70°C, pH 3.0-12.0)，其活性保持相对稳定。值得注意的是，SapYZU11(100%， 53/53)有效裂解了所有53株金黄色葡萄球菌，其次是SapYZU12(90.57%， 48/53)、SapYZU13(79.25%， 42/53)和SapYZU10(71.70%， 38/53)。在潜伏期较短(10-20 min)的噬菌体中，SapYZU11具有较大的爆发大小(152.00斑块形成单位[PFU]/mL)，且不存在与抗生素耐药性和毒力相关的基因。此外，SapYZU11有效地根除了Luria-Bertani肉汤和两种食品中的金黄色葡萄球菌及其鸡尾酒(YZUsa1、YZUsa4、YZUsa12、YZUsa14)和耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA) JCSC 4744)。特别是在牛奶中，SapYZU11的感染多重性(MOI)为100，抑制MRSA JCSC 4744菌株和金黄色葡萄球菌鸡尾酒，最大减少水平分别为5.03 log (Lg)菌落形成单位(CFU)/mL和2.80 Lg CFU/mL。相反，在25°C和4°C条件下使用SapYZU11的三种MOIs处理的污染猪肉，分别减少了0.29-1.29 Lg CFU/mL和0.11-0.32 Lg CFU/mL。因此，SapYZU11在不同的食品生产环境中被证明是一种有前景的金黄色葡萄球菌生物防治剂。
{"title":"Isolation and characterization of a broad-spectrum phage SapYZU11 and its potential application for biological control of Staphylococcus aureus","authors":"H. Wen, Lijuan Yuan, Junqin Ye, Ya-jie Li, Zhen-quan Yang, Wen-yuan Zhou","doi":"10.15586/qas.v15i2.1238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15586/qas.v15i2.1238","url":null,"abstract":"Staphylococcus aureus, a prominent pathogen, is frequently encountered in clinical and food-processing settings. Given its ability to develop antimicrobial resistance, effective control strategies are required to ensure microbial safety. In this study, four lytic S. aureus phages (SapYZU10, SapYZU11, SapYZU12, and SapYZU13) were isolated from sewage samples in Yangzhou, China. Their biological characteristics and bactericidal effect against S. aureus isolates in vitro and in milk and fresh pork were evaluated. Their activities remained relatively stable under stressful conditions (-80–70°C, pH 3.0–12.0). Notably, SapYZU11 (100%, 53/53) effectively lysed all 53 S. aureus strains, followed by SapYZU12 (90.57%, 48/53), SapYZU13 (79.25%, 42/53), and SapYZU10 (71.70%, 38/53). Among the phages with short latent periods (10–20 min), SapYZU11 had a larger burst size (152.00 plaque forming units [PFU]/mL) and no genes related to antibiotic resistance and virulence. Furthermore, SapYZU11 effectively eradicated S. aureus and its cocktail (YZUsa1, YZUsa4, YZUsa12, YZUsa14, and methicillin-resistance S. aureus (MRSA) JCSC 4744) in Luria–Bertani broth and both food items. Particularly in milk, SapYZU11 with a multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 100 inhibited MRSA JCSC 4744 strain and S. aureus cocktail with maximum reduction levels of 5.03 log (Lg) colony-forming unit (CFU)/mL and 2.80 Lg CFU/mL, respectively. Conversely, contaminated pork treated with three MOIs of SapYZU11 at 25°C and 4°C resulted in reductions of 0.29–1.29 Lg CFU/mL and 0.11–0.32 Lg CFU/mL, respectively. Therefore, SapYZU11 proved as a promising biocontrol agent against S. aureus in different food production settings.","PeriodicalId":20738,"journal":{"name":"Quality Assurance and Safety of Crops & Foods","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91237740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Plasma-activated water (PAW), which is the water treated by cold plasma, represents a promising strategy for food decontamination. However, studies of the influences of heating on the antibacterial efficacy and physicochemical characteristics of PAW are limited. Therefore, the present work is aimed at determining the effect of heating on the bactericidal effects and physicochemical properties of PAW. PAW (1.0 mL) was heated in a water bath at 30–80°C for 10 min. After being cooled to room temperature, the antibacterial efficacy and physicochemical properties of PAW were measured. Heating at 40–80°C for 10 min caused a significant decrease in the antibac-terial activity of PAW against Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella typhimurium. After heating at 40–80°C for 10 min, the pH value and oxidation reduction potential (ORP) of PAW remained stable, and the level of nitrate and electrical conductivity of PAW remarkably increased, while hydrogen peroxide and nitrite contents significantly decreased. The combination treatment of PAW and mild heating (40–60°C for 4 min) showed greater anti-bacterial effect on L. monocytogenes and S. typhimurium. After the combined treatment of PAW with mild heating at 60°C for 4 min, the populations of L. monocytogenes and S. typhimurium decreased by 7.83 log10 CFU/mL and 9.35 log10 CFU/mL, respectively, which were significantly higher than that caused by PAW at 25°C or mild heating at 60°C alone. In summary, the antibacterial activity of PAW is significantly affected by the treatment temperature. This work provides a basis for the practical application of PAW in the food industry.
{"title":"Effects of heating on the antibacterial efficacy and physicochemical properties of plasma-activated water","authors":"Bohua Wang, Wenjie Wang, Qisen Xiang, Yanhong Bai","doi":"10.15586/qas.v15i2.1115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15586/qas.v15i2.1115","url":null,"abstract":"Plasma-activated water (PAW), which is the water treated by cold plasma, represents a promising strategy for food decontamination. However, studies of the influences of heating on the antibacterial efficacy and physicochemical characteristics of PAW are limited. Therefore, the present work is aimed at determining the effect of heating on the bactericidal effects and physicochemical properties of PAW. PAW (1.0 mL) was heated in a water bath at 30–80°C for 10 min. After being cooled to room temperature, the antibacterial efficacy and physicochemical properties of PAW were measured. Heating at 40–80°C for 10 min caused a significant decrease in the antibac-terial activity of PAW against Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella typhimurium. After heating at 40–80°C for 10 min, the pH value and oxidation reduction potential (ORP) of PAW remained stable, and the level of nitrate and electrical conductivity of PAW remarkably increased, while hydrogen peroxide and nitrite contents significantly decreased. The combination treatment of PAW and mild heating (40–60°C for 4 min) showed greater anti-bacterial effect on L. monocytogenes and S. typhimurium. After the combined treatment of PAW with mild heating at 60°C for 4 min, the populations of L. monocytogenes and S. typhimurium decreased by 7.83 log10 CFU/mL and 9.35 log10 CFU/mL, respectively, which were significantly higher than that caused by PAW at 25°C or mild heating at 60°C alone. In summary, the antibacterial activity of PAW is significantly affected by the treatment temperature. This work provides a basis for the practical application of PAW in the food industry.","PeriodicalId":20738,"journal":{"name":"Quality Assurance and Safety of Crops & Foods","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89713625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Bharadhi, Nageswari Karthikeyan, A. T, Rajagopal B, A. Thiyagarajan, Rajangam Jacob
Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) is a comestible plant known for its fleshy red calyces that are used in making a wide range of foods such as wine, juice, jam, syrup, pudding, cakes, ice cream, and herbal tea. The anti- bacterial, diuretic, antioxidant, and anti-mutagenic effects of the roselle calyces are also well known. It is high in vitamins, minerals and bioactive substances such as organic acids, phytosterols, and polyphenols, and because of its extensive phar-macological potential, it has long been used as folk medicine to treat common cold. Gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) is the best technique to identify the compounds present in the sample by mass spectra data obtained from purely available standards injected under the same conditions. In this study, the GC-MS technique was used to validate the pharmacological potential of Hibiscus sabdariffa by identifying the chemicals found in its calyces. The maximum cyanidin-3-glucoside was found to be the highest in PKM (Periyakulam) HS 04 1784.65 mg/100 g in cyanidin-3-glucoside equivalents, total flavonoid content (28.01 mg QE/g), and DPPH (2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) activity % (93.17), and in PKM HS 02 total phenolic content (1.29 GA mg/g). The extract was prepared by soaking a dry calyx powder sample in methanol overnight and the ethanolic extract was then analyzed using GC-MS. Flavonoids, tannins, phenols, saponins, alkaloids, glycosides, terpenoids, and steroids were found in the ethanolic extract of Hibiscus sabdariffa calyces. The existence of 26 bioactive chemicals was discovered by GC-MS analysis, including phthalic acid, astaxanthin, lutein, lycoxanthin, 3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid, rhodoxanthin, molybdenum, and hexadecenoic acid. The presence of some of these bioactive chemicals has been used to support scientific evidence for the plant’s anti-aging, anti-oxidant, anti-hypertensive, and anti-inflammatory capabilities, which constitute valuable preliminary information in pharma industries.
{"title":"Active compound analysis of ethanolic extract of roselle calyces (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.)","authors":"S. Bharadhi, Nageswari Karthikeyan, A. T, Rajagopal B, A. Thiyagarajan, Rajangam Jacob","doi":"10.15586/qas.v15i2.1188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15586/qas.v15i2.1188","url":null,"abstract":"Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) is a comestible plant known for its fleshy red calyces that are used in making a wide range of foods such as wine, juice, jam, syrup, pudding, cakes, ice cream, and herbal tea. The anti- bacterial, diuretic, antioxidant, and anti-mutagenic effects of the roselle calyces are also well known. It is high in vitamins, minerals and bioactive substances such as organic acids, phytosterols, and polyphenols, and because of its extensive phar-macological potential, it has long been used as folk medicine to treat common cold. Gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) is the best technique to identify the compounds present in the sample by mass spectra data obtained from purely available standards injected under the same conditions. In this study, the GC-MS technique was used to validate the pharmacological potential of Hibiscus sabdariffa by identifying the chemicals found in its calyces. The maximum cyanidin-3-glucoside was found to be the highest in PKM (Periyakulam) HS 04 1784.65 mg/100 g in cyanidin-3-glucoside equivalents, total flavonoid content (28.01 mg QE/g), and DPPH (2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) activity % (93.17), and in PKM HS 02 total phenolic content (1.29 GA mg/g). The extract was prepared by soaking a dry calyx powder sample in methanol overnight and the ethanolic extract was then analyzed using GC-MS. Flavonoids, tannins, phenols, saponins, alkaloids, glycosides, terpenoids, and steroids were found in the ethanolic extract of Hibiscus sabdariffa calyces. The existence of 26 bioactive chemicals was discovered by GC-MS analysis, including phthalic acid, astaxanthin, lutein, lycoxanthin, 3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid, rhodoxanthin, molybdenum, and hexadecenoic acid. The presence of some of these bioactive chemicals has been used to support scientific evidence for the plant’s anti-aging, anti-oxidant, anti-hypertensive, and anti-inflammatory capabilities, which constitute valuable preliminary information in pharma industries.","PeriodicalId":20738,"journal":{"name":"Quality Assurance and Safety of Crops & Foods","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89749034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Harmeet Singh, Rajan Sharma, Antima Gupta, S. Joshi, B. N. Dar, Baljit Singh, Savita Sharma
This study aims to investigate the potential of mixing jackfruit seed flour (JFSF) with pasta and its effects on techno-functional properties, cooking behavior, textural characteristics, morphology, macromolecular interactions, and secondary structure of proteins of pasta. The results showed with increase in the addition of JFSF from 6 to 24% caused significant (P < 0.05) improvement in the functional properties, decline in the minimum cooking time (7.07 to 6.20 min), and an increase in the cooking loss (5.13 to 11.26%) as well as firmness of the pasta. Organoleptic evaluations indicated the incorporation of JFSF up to 18% without affecting the flavor. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that after cooking bell-shaped starch granules were embedded in the protein matrix. Fourier transform infrared spectra analysis of the secondary structure of protein showed that the major protein fractions were β-sheets, followed by β helix. Positive correlations between cooking losses and water solubility index and several other parameters were established using principal component analysis. Therefore, incorporating JFSF into pasta could be a promising way for developing protein-rich, high-quality pasta with improved nutritional and functional properties.
{"title":"Characterization of jackfruit seed enriched pasta","authors":"Harmeet Singh, Rajan Sharma, Antima Gupta, S. Joshi, B. N. Dar, Baljit Singh, Savita Sharma","doi":"10.15586/qas.v15i2.1217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15586/qas.v15i2.1217","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to investigate the potential of mixing jackfruit seed flour (JFSF) with pasta and its effects on techno-functional properties, cooking behavior, textural characteristics, morphology, macromolecular interactions, and secondary structure of proteins of pasta. The results showed with increase in the addition of JFSF from 6 to 24% caused significant (P < 0.05) improvement in the functional properties, decline in the minimum cooking time (7.07 to 6.20 min), and an increase in the cooking loss (5.13 to 11.26%) as well as firmness of the pasta. Organoleptic evaluations indicated the incorporation of JFSF up to 18% without affecting the flavor. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that after cooking bell-shaped starch granules were embedded in the protein matrix. Fourier transform infrared spectra analysis of the secondary structure of protein showed that the major protein fractions were β-sheets, followed by β helix. Positive correlations between cooking losses and water solubility index and several other parameters were established using principal component analysis. Therefore, incorporating JFSF into pasta could be a promising way for developing protein-rich, high-quality pasta with improved nutritional and functional properties.","PeriodicalId":20738,"journal":{"name":"Quality Assurance and Safety of Crops & Foods","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82754839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jiyue Wang, Hengcang Wang, Zhenghong Liu, Denghong Shi, Yunru Bai, Yan Liu
In order to obtain a better preservation effect on okra fruit, this study examined chitosan (CS)–nanocrystal cellulose (NCC) composite coating as a preservative agent. Four treatments, including CS, NCC, CS–cellulose composite (CS-CC), and ratio of CS:CC: 2:1 (2CS-CC), were implemented to create three different okra fruits (Shuiguo, Naiyou, and Hibiscus coccineus). Rate of weight loss, decay rate, and texture profiles (e.g., hardness, springiness, cohesiveness, gumminess, chewiness, and resilience) of the fruits were determined regularly during storage. Our results showed that a CS-NCC composite coating could not reduce rate of weight loss of the fruits. Only 2CS-CC treatment inhibited the fruit decay rate in Hibiscus coccineus (C). Nevertheless, NCC treatment did not result in a distinct improvement compared with CS treatment (1%). CS-CC treatment could be advantageous for maintaining the texture parameters of okra fruit during storage. Notably, change in the fruit texture parameters presents a significant cultivar-dependent pattern.
{"title":"Chitosan-nanocrystal cellulose composite coating could inhibit fruit decay rate and maintain the texture parameters of fruit in okra (Abelmoschus esculentus [L.] Moench)","authors":"Jiyue Wang, Hengcang Wang, Zhenghong Liu, Denghong Shi, Yunru Bai, Yan Liu","doi":"10.15586/qas.v15i2.1208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15586/qas.v15i2.1208","url":null,"abstract":"In order to obtain a better preservation effect on okra fruit, this study examined chitosan (CS)–nanocrystal cellulose (NCC) composite coating as a preservative agent. Four treatments, including CS, NCC, CS–cellulose composite (CS-CC), and ratio of CS:CC: 2:1 (2CS-CC), were implemented to create three different okra fruits (Shuiguo, Naiyou, and Hibiscus coccineus). Rate of weight loss, decay rate, and texture profiles (e.g., hardness, springiness, cohesiveness, gumminess, chewiness, and resilience) of the fruits were determined regularly during storage. Our results showed that a CS-NCC composite coating could not reduce rate of weight loss of the fruits. Only 2CS-CC treatment inhibited the fruit decay rate in Hibiscus coccineus (C). Nevertheless, NCC treatment did not result in a distinct improvement compared with CS treatment (1%). CS-CC treatment could be advantageous for maintaining the texture parameters of okra fruit during storage. Notably, change in the fruit texture parameters presents a significant cultivar-dependent pattern.","PeriodicalId":20738,"journal":{"name":"Quality Assurance and Safety of Crops & Foods","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84565806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-02DOI: 10.15586/qas.v15isp1.1193
Peng Deng, Kailong Li, Wuying Chen, Ang Chen, Lebin Yin
To prolong the storage period of fresh Lilium longiflorum, maintain its quality during storage, and optimise the controlled atmosphere (CA) storage parameters. In a single-factor experiment, the temperature, humidity, and O2 and CO2 concentrations were considered as primary factors affecting the CA storage of L. longiflorum. Then, a comprehensive score was optimised using a back propagation neural network combined with empirical data. Finally, experimental verification was undertaken. The optimal concentrations of O2 and CO2 were 4.5% and 3.8%, respectively. A storage temperature of 4.2°C and a relative humidity of 90% were ideal. Under these conditions, the comprehensive evaluation score for L. longiflorum was 0.8424 (P > 0.05), consistent with the predicted value of 0.8372. Compared to ordinary cold storage, the storage period of L. longiflorum under these CA storage conditions was effectively prolonged. This provided an experimental basis for the CA storage of L. longiflorum.
{"title":"Optimisation of the controlled atmosphere storage and shelf life of Lilium longiflorum","authors":"Peng Deng, Kailong Li, Wuying Chen, Ang Chen, Lebin Yin","doi":"10.15586/qas.v15isp1.1193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15586/qas.v15isp1.1193","url":null,"abstract":"To prolong the storage period of fresh Lilium longiflorum, maintain its quality during storage, and optimise the controlled atmosphere (CA) storage parameters. In a single-factor experiment, the temperature, humidity, and O2 and CO2 concentrations were considered as primary factors affecting the CA storage of L. longiflorum. Then, a comprehensive score was optimised using a back propagation neural network combined with empirical data. Finally, experimental verification was undertaken. The optimal concentrations of O2 and CO2 were 4.5% and 3.8%, respectively. A storage temperature of 4.2°C and a relative humidity of 90% were ideal. Under these conditions, the comprehensive evaluation score for L. longiflorum was 0.8424 (P > 0.05), consistent with the predicted value of 0.8372. Compared to ordinary cold storage, the storage period of L. longiflorum under these CA storage conditions was effectively prolonged. This provided an experimental basis for the CA storage of L. longiflorum.","PeriodicalId":20738,"journal":{"name":"Quality Assurance and Safety of Crops & Foods","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86557572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
luyun xia, Zheng Luo, H. Xu, Liu Liu, Wenying Huai, Jun Xia, Q. Yin, Tian E. Zhang, Yun-hui Chen
This study aimed to decode the potential bioactive compounds and action mechanism of Hippophae rhamnoides in treating Sjögren’s syndrome using network pharmacology and molecular docking approach. The Traditional Chinese Medicine Systematic Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP) and HERB (a High--throughput Experiment- and Reference-guided database of TCM) database were used to identify the active components of -Hippophae rhamnoides and their targets. Databases, including GeneCards, Online Mendelian Inheritance (OMIM), and DisGeNET, were used to acquire the major targets of action in Sjögren’s syndrome. Venn diagrams were constructed to identify the compound gene targets. Then the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting genes/proteins database (STRING) platform was used to build a protein–protein interaction (PPI) network to analyze the potential protein functional modules. Analysis of Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) was performed through the Metascape platform to predict their biological processes and decipher the mechanism of action. The drug component–target–action pathway network was constructed through the Cytoscape 3.8.2 software. Furthermore, the AutoDock Vina software was used to perform molecular docking of core components and key targets, validating binding affinity between potential core components and key targets. Twenty-two Hippophae rhamnoide candidate compounds and 208 potential targets for Sjögren’s syndrome were acquired. The network analysis showed that the core active ingredients of Hippophae rhamnoides in regulating Sjögren’s syndrome were quercetin, kaempferol, and beta-sitosterol (β-sitosterol). Core targets included albumin (ALB), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), Caspase-3 (CASP3), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-gamma or PPARG), estrogen receptor (ER) ESR1, heat shock protein HSP 90-alpha, EC 3.6.4.10 (HSP90AA1), plasminogen, EC 3.4.21.7 (PLG), MAPK14, MAPK8, and MAPK1. The KEGG analyses demonstrated that Hippophae rhamnoides could exert their functioning against Sjögren’s syndrome by reacting with the lipid and atherosclerosis signaling pathway and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling pathway. Further, molecular docking analysis suggested that 10 compounds of Hippophae rhamnoides could be effective to treat Sjögren’s syndrome by matching five core genes to docking pockets. This study indicated that Hippophae rhamnoides’ functioning effects on Sjögren’s syndrome could be attributed to the regulation of a network comprising multi-targets, multi-compounds, and multi-pathways.
{"title":"Decoding Hippophae rhamnoides’ action of mechanism in Sjögren’s syndrome: A network pharmacology and molecular docking study","authors":"luyun xia, Zheng Luo, H. Xu, Liu Liu, Wenying Huai, Jun Xia, Q. Yin, Tian E. Zhang, Yun-hui Chen","doi":"10.15586/qas.v15i1.1210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15586/qas.v15i1.1210","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to decode the potential bioactive compounds and action mechanism of Hippophae rhamnoides in treating Sjögren’s syndrome using network pharmacology and molecular docking approach. The Traditional Chinese Medicine Systematic Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP) and HERB (a High--throughput Experiment- and Reference-guided database of TCM) database were used to identify the active components of -Hippophae rhamnoides and their targets. Databases, including GeneCards, Online Mendelian Inheritance (OMIM), and DisGeNET, were used to acquire the major targets of action in Sjögren’s syndrome. Venn diagrams were constructed to identify the compound gene targets. Then the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting genes/proteins database (STRING) platform was used to build a protein–protein interaction (PPI) network to analyze the potential protein functional modules. Analysis of Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) was performed through the Metascape platform to predict their biological processes and decipher the mechanism of action. The drug component–target–action pathway network was constructed through the Cytoscape 3.8.2 software. Furthermore, the AutoDock Vina software was used to perform molecular docking of core components and key targets, validating binding affinity between potential core components and key targets. Twenty-two Hippophae rhamnoide candidate compounds and 208 potential targets for Sjögren’s syndrome were acquired. The network analysis showed that the core active ingredients of Hippophae rhamnoides in regulating Sjögren’s syndrome were quercetin, kaempferol, and beta-sitosterol (β-sitosterol). Core targets included albumin (ALB), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), Caspase-3 (CASP3), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-gamma or PPARG), estrogen receptor (ER) ESR1, heat shock protein HSP 90-alpha, EC 3.6.4.10 (HSP90AA1), plasminogen, EC 3.4.21.7 (PLG), MAPK14, MAPK8, and MAPK1. The KEGG analyses demonstrated that Hippophae rhamnoides could exert their functioning against Sjögren’s syndrome by reacting with the lipid and atherosclerosis signaling pathway and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling pathway. Further, molecular docking analysis suggested that 10 compounds of Hippophae rhamnoides could be effective to treat Sjögren’s syndrome by matching five core genes to docking pockets. This study indicated that Hippophae rhamnoides’ functioning effects on Sjögren’s syndrome could be attributed to the regulation of a network comprising multi-targets, multi-compounds, and multi-pathways.","PeriodicalId":20738,"journal":{"name":"Quality Assurance and Safety of Crops & Foods","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84422896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lin-Quan Liu, Xiao-ping Huang, Yazhen Cai, Yan She, Chang-Qing Deng
Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (CIR) is a serious complication often associated with cerebral ischemia. The purpose of this study was to explore the therapeutic effect of nourishing qi, activating blood circulation, and inducing resuscitation (Borneol with astragaloside IV and Panax notoginseng total saponins, BAP) on CIR. Neurological function score system was used to determine the neurological function. The survival of nerve cells was detected by Nissl staining. The levels of IL-1β, IL-18, IL-4, and IL-10 were detected by ELISA. The expression of GSDMD, GSDMD-N, Nrf2, and HO-1 proteins in hippocampus tissues was measured by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Western blot, RT-qPCR, or immunofluorescence (IF) were used to detect the NACHT, LRR, and PYD domains-containing protein 3 (NLRP3), pro-Caspase-1, Caspase-1, Nrf2, and HO-1 expression. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level was analyzed by LDH release assay. Cell viability was determined by cell counting kit-8 (CCK8). Apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. BAP significantly promoted the recovery of nerve function, the activity of nerve cells, and the expression of Nrf2, HO-1, IL-4, and IL-10 in rat hippocampus tissues after CIR. BAP has an obvious inhibitory effect on the expression of NLRP3, pro-Caspase-1, and Caspase-1 proteins, the release of IL-1β and IL-18 factors, and neuronal pyroptosis in hippocampal tissues. BAP also promoted IL-4 and IL-10 levels, and the activity of SH-SY5Y cells. The IL-1β, IL-18, NLRP3, pro-Caspase-1, Caspase-1, GSDMD, and GSDMD-N expressions were significantly inhibited by BAP in vitro, which was reversed by Nrf2 knockdown. This study confirmed that BAP alleviated rat CIR and inhibited the pyroptosis of SH-SY5Y cells by regulating the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. This study provided new directions and ideas for the treatment of CIR.
{"title":"Effects of nourishing qi, activating blood circulation, and inducing resuscitation on nerve cell pyroptosis after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion","authors":"Lin-Quan Liu, Xiao-ping Huang, Yazhen Cai, Yan She, Chang-Qing Deng","doi":"10.15586/qas.v15i1.1237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15586/qas.v15i1.1237","url":null,"abstract":"Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (CIR) is a serious complication often associated with cerebral ischemia. The purpose of this study was to explore the therapeutic effect of nourishing qi, activating blood circulation, and inducing resuscitation (Borneol with astragaloside IV and Panax notoginseng total saponins, BAP) on CIR. Neurological function score system was used to determine the neurological function. The survival of nerve cells was detected by Nissl staining. The levels of IL-1β, IL-18, IL-4, and IL-10 were detected by ELISA. The expression of GSDMD, GSDMD-N, Nrf2, and HO-1 proteins in hippocampus tissues was measured by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Western blot, RT-qPCR, or immunofluorescence (IF) were used to detect the NACHT, LRR, and PYD domains-containing protein 3 (NLRP3), pro-Caspase-1, Caspase-1, Nrf2, and HO-1 expression. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level was analyzed by LDH release assay. Cell viability was determined by cell counting kit-8 (CCK8). Apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. BAP significantly promoted the recovery of nerve function, the activity of nerve cells, and the expression of Nrf2, HO-1, IL-4, and IL-10 in rat hippocampus tissues after CIR. BAP has an obvious inhibitory effect on the expression of NLRP3, pro-Caspase-1, and Caspase-1 proteins, the release of IL-1β and IL-18 factors, and neuronal pyroptosis in hippocampal tissues. BAP also promoted IL-4 and IL-10 levels, and the activity of SH-SY5Y cells. The IL-1β, IL-18, NLRP3, pro-Caspase-1, Caspase-1, GSDMD, and GSDMD-N expressions were significantly inhibited by BAP in vitro, which was reversed by Nrf2 knockdown. This study confirmed that BAP alleviated rat CIR and inhibited the pyroptosis of SH-SY5Y cells by regulating the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. This study provided new directions and ideas for the treatment of CIR.","PeriodicalId":20738,"journal":{"name":"Quality Assurance and Safety of Crops & Foods","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91229815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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