Naillah Gul, Khalid Muzaffar, Syed Zubair, Ahmad Shah, Assif Assad, H. Makroo, B.N.Dar
Food quality and safety are a great public concern; outbreaks of food-borne illnesses can lead to different health problems. Consequently, rapid and non-destructive artificial intelligence approaches are required for sensing the safety situation of foods. As a promising technology, deep learning for hyperspectral imaging (HSI) has the potential for rapid food safety and quality evaluation and control. Spectral signatures of food substances are sensitive to water content variation, the extent of hydrogen bonding, geographical origin, harvesting time and the variety of food under study. Deep learning models have shown great potential in addressing the challenge of sensitivity of spectral signatures of food substances. After discussing the basics of HSI, this review provides a detailed study of various deep-learning algorithms that have been put to use via HSI in the determination of sensory and physicochemical properties, adulteration and microbiological contamination of food products. The existing literature includes HSI for evaluating quality attributes and safety of different food categories like fruits, vegetables, cereals, milk and meat. This paper presents a practical framework for deep learning-based food quality assessment using hyperspectral imagery. We demonstrate its versatility across diverse food quality domains and provide a concise step-by-step guide for researchers. It has been predicted that deep learning for HSI can be considered a reliable alternative technique to conventional methods in realising rapid and accurate inspection, for testing food quality and safety.
{"title":"Deep learning hyperspectral imaging: a rapid and reliable alternative to conventional techniques in the testing of food quality and safety","authors":"Naillah Gul, Khalid Muzaffar, Syed Zubair, Ahmad Shah, Assif Assad, H. Makroo, B.N.Dar","doi":"10.15586/qas.v16i1.1392","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15586/qas.v16i1.1392","url":null,"abstract":"Food quality and safety are a great public concern; outbreaks of food-borne illnesses can lead to different health problems. Consequently, rapid and non-destructive artificial intelligence approaches are required for sensing the safety situation of foods. As a promising technology, deep learning for hyperspectral imaging (HSI) has the potential for rapid food safety and quality evaluation and control. Spectral signatures of food substances are sensitive to water content variation, the extent of hydrogen bonding, geographical origin, harvesting time and the variety of food under study. Deep learning models have shown great potential in addressing the challenge of sensitivity of spectral signatures of food substances. After discussing the basics of HSI, this review provides a detailed study of various deep-learning algorithms that have been put to use via HSI in the determination of sensory and physicochemical properties, adulteration and microbiological contamination of food products. The existing literature includes HSI for evaluating quality attributes and safety of different food categories like fruits, vegetables, cereals, milk and meat. This paper presents a practical framework for deep learning-based food quality assessment using hyperspectral imagery. We demonstrate its versatility across diverse food quality domains and provide a concise step-by-step guide for researchers. It has been predicted that deep learning for HSI can be considered a reliable alternative technique to conventional methods in realising rapid and accurate inspection, for testing food quality and safety.","PeriodicalId":20738,"journal":{"name":"Quality Assurance and Safety of Crops & Foods","volume":"13 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140424502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aflatoxins contamination of foods is a global issue that severely threatens human health. This study aimed to measure total aflatoxin (AF) (aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), aflatoxin B2 (AFB2), aflatoxin G1 (AFG1), and aflatoxin G2 (AFG2)) levels in red pepper flakes samples and to evaluate the potential dietary exposure and cancer risk to aflatoxin in the southeast of Türkiye. A total of 90 red pepper flake samples were collected from local markets Gaziantep, Şanlıurfa, and Hatay provinces, Türkiye. Total AF in red pepper flakes was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography with a fluorescence detector (HPLC-FLD). Then, the margin of exposure (MOE) and cancer risk were calculated. AFB1 and total AF were detected in red pepper flake samples at 98.89% and 100%, respectively. The number of red pepper flake samples exceeded the legislation limits for AFB1 was four, and there was only one sample for total AF. It was determined that AFB1 exposure could pose a risk to public health for Turkish adults (MOE < 10,000). Although AF exposure seems to be higher due to the high consumption of red pepper flakes in some regions of Türkiye, the risk of exposure and cancer may decrease because of complying with the recommendations of the dietary guidelines. The findings provide new insights into exposure to total AF by consuming red pepper flakes.
{"title":"Occurrence, dietary exposure and risk assessment to aflatoxins in red pepper flakes from Southeast of Türkiye","authors":"Hayrunnisa Özlü","doi":"10.15586/qas.v16i1.1416","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15586/qas.v16i1.1416","url":null,"abstract":"Aflatoxins contamination of foods is a global issue that severely threatens human health. This study aimed to measure total aflatoxin (AF) (aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), aflatoxin B2 (AFB2), aflatoxin G1 (AFG1), and aflatoxin G2 (AFG2)) levels in red pepper flakes samples and to evaluate the potential dietary exposure and cancer risk to aflatoxin in the southeast of Türkiye. A total of 90 red pepper flake samples were collected from local markets Gaziantep, Şanlıurfa, and Hatay provinces, Türkiye. Total AF in red pepper flakes was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography with a fluorescence detector (HPLC-FLD). Then, the margin of exposure (MOE) and cancer risk were calculated. AFB1 and total AF were detected in red pepper flake samples at 98.89% and 100%, respectively. The number of red pepper flake samples exceeded the legislation limits for AFB1 was four, and there was only one sample for total AF. It was determined that AFB1 exposure could pose a risk to public health for Turkish adults (MOE < 10,000). Although AF exposure seems to be higher due to the high consumption of red pepper flakes in some regions of Türkiye, the risk of exposure and cancer may decrease because of complying with the recommendations of the dietary guidelines. The findings provide new insights into exposure to total AF by consuming red pepper flakes.","PeriodicalId":20738,"journal":{"name":"Quality Assurance and Safety of Crops & Foods","volume":"15 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140434865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study focused on identifying the optimal yeast strain for Dechang mulberry wine fermentation blended through a multi-stage evaluation process using five commercial yeasts. Initially, the Durham tube fermentation method and weight-based analysis were employed for initial screening. Subsequently, a secondary evaluation involving physical, chemical, and sensory assessments was conducted. The final stage assessed yeast tolerance to ethanol and sulfur dioxide (SO2), and the wine’s volatile compounds were analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The L13 yeast strain emerged as superior, demonstrating efficient fermentation initiation, rapid primary fermentation, and production of a desirable wine profile, including optimal sugar, acid, and alcohol levels. Notably, the L13 yeast strain showed resilience, tolerating up to 11% ethanol and 170-mg/L SO2 within 7 days, and contributed to a rich aromatic profile with 23 volatile compounds, including 13 esters. These attributes render the L13 strain particularly suitable for producing mulberry wine with robust fermentation characteristics and a complex aroma, enhancing both quality and sensory appeal of the final product.
{"title":"Optimizing yeast strain selection for mulberry wine fermentation: a performance-based approach","authors":"Bangzhou Luo, Yuxin Yang, Qiao Lin","doi":"10.15586/qas.v16i1.1415","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15586/qas.v16i1.1415","url":null,"abstract":"This study focused on identifying the optimal yeast strain for Dechang mulberry wine fermentation blended through a multi-stage evaluation process using five commercial yeasts. Initially, the Durham tube fermentation method and weight-based analysis were employed for initial screening. Subsequently, a secondary evaluation involving physical, chemical, and sensory assessments was conducted. The final stage assessed yeast tolerance to ethanol and sulfur dioxide (SO2), and the wine’s volatile compounds were analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The L13 yeast strain emerged as superior, demonstrating efficient fermentation initiation, rapid primary fermentation, and production of a desirable wine profile, including optimal sugar, acid, and alcohol levels. Notably, the L13 yeast strain showed resilience, tolerating up to 11% ethanol and 170-mg/L SO2 within 7 days, and contributed to a rich aromatic profile with 23 volatile compounds, including 13 esters. These attributes render the L13 strain particularly suitable for producing mulberry wine with robust fermentation characteristics and a complex aroma, enhancing both quality and sensory appeal of the final product.","PeriodicalId":20738,"journal":{"name":"Quality Assurance and Safety of Crops & Foods","volume":"27 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140452282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Meijie Yu, Lulu Wang, Haiqing Luo, Bo Yang, Li Li, Jiaxin Dong, Xianghe Meng, Mengmeng Sun, Min He
Plants of the ginseng species have a long history with broad traditional applications, as these are recognized as precious tonic herbal medicines since ancient times. More and more multiple chemical constituents and pharmacological activities have been confirmed and discovered recently. Owing to its advantages, such as intuitiveness, cheap, easy to operate, and high-throughput screening, zebrafish has become a very popular model at present. Recently, more and more toxicity tests, bio-activity evaluation, and mechanism studies have been achieved via zebrafish models, many of which were focused on the nature of products, including monomers, extracts, and formulas from ginseng species. This review summarizes the recent pharmacological studies achieved by embryos, larvae, and adult zebrafish. This review provides a theoretical basis for the rational use of ginseng species plants, thus providing guidance for a better rational utilization and the potential innovative product development of ginseng species plants.
{"title":"Zebrafish as a promising model for investigating biological activities of ginseng species—a review","authors":"Meijie Yu, Lulu Wang, Haiqing Luo, Bo Yang, Li Li, Jiaxin Dong, Xianghe Meng, Mengmeng Sun, Min He","doi":"10.15586/qas.v16i1.1393","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15586/qas.v16i1.1393","url":null,"abstract":"Plants of the ginseng species have a long history with broad traditional applications, as these are recognized as precious tonic herbal medicines since ancient times. More and more multiple chemical constituents and pharmacological activities have been confirmed and discovered recently. Owing to its advantages, such as intuitiveness, cheap, easy to operate, and high-throughput screening, zebrafish has become a very popular model at present. Recently, more and more toxicity tests, bio-activity evaluation, and mechanism studies have been achieved via zebrafish models, many of which were focused on the nature of products, including monomers, extracts, and formulas from ginseng species. This review summarizes the recent pharmacological studies achieved by embryos, larvae, and adult zebrafish. This review provides a theoretical basis for the rational use of ginseng species plants, thus providing guidance for a better rational utilization and the potential innovative product development of ginseng species plants.","PeriodicalId":20738,"journal":{"name":"Quality Assurance and Safety of Crops & Foods","volume":"426 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140472787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lulu Wang, Meijie Yu, Yao Fu, Li Li, Xianghe Meng, Jian Yang, Min He, Mengmeng Sun
Black ginseng is a novel variant of processed ginseng that is produced by subjecting ginseng to a series of nine steaming and drying cycles. However, the precise connection between the processing cycle and the quality of black ginseng remains uncertain, and further investigation is required to establish the association between quality markers and biological activity. In this research, high-performance liquid chromatography was employed to analyze the composition of 17 ginsenosides present in samples of black ginseng. The anti-inflammatory properties of black ginseng saponin extract were tested utilizing a zebrafish tail fin amputation model. The findings indicate that the concentrations of Rg3, Rg5, and Rk1 in black ginseng samples exhibited their highest levels following the seventh processing cycle, hence demonstrating the most effective regulatory impact on neutrophils and macrophages. This study posits that the correlation between these three ginsenoside and biological activities could potentially serve as a crucial factor in ensuring the quality control of black ginseng, thereby contributing to the advancement of quality control measures for health foods and dietary supplements that utilize black ginseng as their primary constituent.
{"title":"Quality assessment of black ginseng materials utilizing chemometrics and modeling inflammation in Zebrafish","authors":"Lulu Wang, Meijie Yu, Yao Fu, Li Li, Xianghe Meng, Jian Yang, Min He, Mengmeng Sun","doi":"10.15586/qas.v16i1.1389","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15586/qas.v16i1.1389","url":null,"abstract":"Black ginseng is a novel variant of processed ginseng that is produced by subjecting ginseng to a series of nine steaming and drying cycles. However, the precise connection between the processing cycle and the quality of black ginseng remains uncertain, and further investigation is required to establish the association between quality markers and biological activity. In this research, high-performance liquid chromatography was employed to analyze the composition of 17 ginsenosides present in samples of black ginseng. The anti-inflammatory properties of black ginseng saponin extract were tested utilizing a zebrafish tail fin amputation model. The findings indicate that the concentrations of Rg3, Rg5, and Rk1 in black ginseng samples exhibited their highest levels following the seventh processing cycle, hence demonstrating the most effective regulatory impact on neutrophils and macrophages. This study posits that the correlation between these three ginsenoside and biological activities could potentially serve as a crucial factor in ensuring the quality control of black ginseng, thereby contributing to the advancement of quality control measures for health foods and dietary supplements that utilize black ginseng as their primary constituent.","PeriodicalId":20738,"journal":{"name":"Quality Assurance and Safety of Crops & Foods","volume":"76 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139606238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sagar Pandappa Kalahal, Mohsen Gavahian, Jenshinn Lin
Tigernut (TN) is an underutilized crop with nutritional value that has remained untapped in producing extruded products. This research aims to establish the favorable extrusion conditions that produce a TN-based nutritive extruded snack with improved physicochemical characteristics. A collet extruder was used in this comparison study to examine the effects of formulation (60% TN flour and 40% brown rice [BR] vs. 60% TN flour and 40% Japonica rice [JR]). The effects of extrusion conditions, such as die temperature (90°C, 100°C, and 110°C) and screw speed (250, 300, and 350 rpm), on the physicochemical characteristics of extrudates were studied. TN-BR extrudates produced at 110°C and 350 rpm had the following improved characteristics: protein (6.09–7.33%), ash (1.40–1.59%), crude fat (7.15–9.90%), crude fiber (2.51–3.92%), reduced hardness (2.35–3.37 N), springiness (2.30–2.64), chewiness (234.71–256.72 N), bulk density (1.17–2.57 g/cm3), expansion ratio (1.65–2.24), color (L*: 68.86–74.30), water absorption index (2.69–3.45 g/g), water solubility index (13.95–21.75%), and oil absorption capacity (23.65–25.64 g/g). Extrudates produced at lower temperatures (90°C and 100°C) and screw speed (250 and 300 rpm) exhibited lesser surface consistency than the extrudates produced at 110°C and 350 rpm. The antioxidant activity and the total phenolic content (40.91–49.63 mg gallic acid equivalent/100 g) were improved significantly. Similar improvements were observed in TN-JR extrudates; however, TN-BR extrudates had better nutritional value (higher protein: 7.33%, higher ash: 1.59%, and higher antioxidant activity). The results could help with economic success, food nutrition improvement, and food security by exploiting the underutilized TN crop for sustainable extruded snacks production.
{"title":"Development of innovative tigernut-based nutritional snack by extrusion process: effects of die temperature, screw speed, and formulation on physicochemical characteristics","authors":"Sagar Pandappa Kalahal, Mohsen Gavahian, Jenshinn Lin","doi":"10.15586/qas.v16i1.1310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15586/qas.v16i1.1310","url":null,"abstract":"Tigernut (TN) is an underutilized crop with nutritional value that has remained untapped in producing extruded products. This research aims to establish the favorable extrusion conditions that produce a TN-based nutritive extruded snack with improved physicochemical characteristics. A collet extruder was used in this comparison study to examine the effects of formulation (60% TN flour and 40% brown rice [BR] vs. 60% TN flour and 40% Japonica rice [JR]). The effects of extrusion conditions, such as die temperature (90°C, 100°C, and 110°C) and screw speed (250, 300, and 350 rpm), on the physicochemical characteristics of extrudates were studied. TN-BR extrudates produced at 110°C and 350 rpm had the following improved characteristics: protein (6.09–7.33%), ash (1.40–1.59%), crude fat (7.15–9.90%), crude fiber (2.51–3.92%), reduced hardness (2.35–3.37 N), springiness (2.30–2.64), chewiness (234.71–256.72 N), bulk density (1.17–2.57 g/cm3), expansion ratio (1.65–2.24), color (L*: 68.86–74.30), water absorption index (2.69–3.45 g/g), water solubility index (13.95–21.75%), and oil absorption capacity (23.65–25.64 g/g). Extrudates produced at lower temperatures (90°C and 100°C) and screw speed (250 and 300 rpm) exhibited lesser surface consistency than the extrudates produced at 110°C and 350 rpm. The antioxidant activity and the total phenolic content (40.91–49.63 mg gallic acid equivalent/100 g) were improved significantly. Similar improvements were observed in TN-JR extrudates; however, TN-BR extrudates had better nutritional value (higher protein: 7.33%, higher ash: 1.59%, and higher antioxidant activity). The results could help with economic success, food nutrition improvement, and food security by exploiting the underutilized TN crop for sustainable extruded snacks production.","PeriodicalId":20738,"journal":{"name":"Quality Assurance and Safety of Crops & Foods","volume":"56 14","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139611513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a hereditary disease caused by the deficiency of phenylalanine (Phe) hydroxylase enzyme or its cofactor tetrahydrobiopterin. Treatment involves a Phe-restricted diet, although food options are limited. Soymilk, derived from soybeans, is a functional food with nutritional benefits. In this study, soymilk was produced and hydrolyzed with protease of Aspergillus oryzae and papain, and then activated carbon was used to remove Phe for PKU patients. The second-derivative spectrophotometry method was used to determine Phe content in soymilk. The results showed no significant difference in dry matter, fat, and crude fiber between soymilk and Phe-extracted soymilk with respect to the control group (P < 0.05). Soymilk’s protein content was calculated as 2.74% (w/w) and that of Phe-reduced soymilk as 1.94% (w/w). Similarly, consecutive Phe content was 40.53 mg/L and 5.09 mg/L. After hydrolization, the calculated Phe removal rate was 87.44% (w/w), and the protein content was reduced by 29.19% (w/w). The study demonstrates that Phe-reduced soymilk is suitable for PKU patients, thus reducing the need for imported products and offering new market opportunities.
{"title":"Production of phenylalanine-reduced soymilk for phenylketonuria patients","authors":"Yasemin Taşdemir, E. Gölge","doi":"10.15586/qas.v15i4.1396","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15586/qas.v15i4.1396","url":null,"abstract":"Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a hereditary disease caused by the deficiency of phenylalanine (Phe) hydroxylase enzyme or its cofactor tetrahydrobiopterin. Treatment involves a Phe-restricted diet, although food options are limited. Soymilk, derived from soybeans, is a functional food with nutritional benefits. In this study, soymilk was produced and hydrolyzed with protease of Aspergillus oryzae and papain, and then activated carbon was used to remove Phe for PKU patients. The second-derivative spectrophotometry method was used to determine Phe content in soymilk. The results showed no significant difference in dry matter, fat, and crude fiber between soymilk and Phe-extracted soymilk with respect to the control group (P < 0.05). Soymilk’s protein content was calculated as 2.74% (w/w) and that of Phe-reduced soymilk as 1.94% (w/w). Similarly, consecutive Phe content was 40.53 mg/L and 5.09 mg/L. After hydrolization, the calculated Phe removal rate was 87.44% (w/w), and the protein content was reduced by 29.19% (w/w). The study demonstrates that Phe-reduced soymilk is suitable for PKU patients, thus reducing the need for imported products and offering new market opportunities.","PeriodicalId":20738,"journal":{"name":"Quality Assurance and Safety of Crops & Foods","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139167642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lulu Wang, Meijie Yu, Shiwei Ding, Jiazhen Cao, Xianghe Meng, Li Li, Ren Sa, Min He, Mengmeng Sun
Essential oils (EOs) derived from crops, especially aromatic plants, have been well-acknowledged to provide several health benefits for humans. Zebrafish as an unprecedented tool has been widely used as an excellent verte-brate model in labs owing to its many useful characteristics. Its applications for rapidly and economically screening and identifying toxicity, safety, and bioactivity of EOs may serve to meet the rising demand for nutraceuticals, food supplements, and natural cosmetics. In this study, we summarized the research progress of zebrafish models in evaluating EOs. In addition, toxicity, safety, and various bioactivities of EOs were summarized using a wide variety of readily applicable zebrafish models covering antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, angiogenesis inhibition, neuromodulation, anesthesia, anti-melanogenesis, analgesic activities, etc. In conclusion, zebrafish is a valuable animal model for evaluating the bioactivity and safety of EOs, and using such a model may contribute to speeding up the identification of novel EOs with potential health functions and quality assessment, which in turn boosts the recognition of aromatic plants as important industrial crops and encourages a healthier way of life.
{"title":"Zebrafish models for the evaluation of essential oils (EOs)","authors":"Lulu Wang, Meijie Yu, Shiwei Ding, Jiazhen Cao, Xianghe Meng, Li Li, Ren Sa, Min He, Mengmeng Sun","doi":"10.15586/qas.v15i4.1384","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15586/qas.v15i4.1384","url":null,"abstract":"Essential oils (EOs) derived from crops, especially aromatic plants, have been well-acknowledged to provide several health benefits for humans. Zebrafish as an unprecedented tool has been widely used as an excellent verte-brate model in labs owing to its many useful characteristics. Its applications for rapidly and economically screening and identifying toxicity, safety, and bioactivity of EOs may serve to meet the rising demand for nutraceuticals, food supplements, and natural cosmetics. In this study, we summarized the research progress of zebrafish models in evaluating EOs. In addition, toxicity, safety, and various bioactivities of EOs were summarized using a wide variety of readily applicable zebrafish models covering antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, angiogenesis inhibition, neuromodulation, anesthesia, anti-melanogenesis, analgesic activities, etc. In conclusion, zebrafish is a valuable animal model for evaluating the bioactivity and safety of EOs, and using such a model may contribute to speeding up the identification of novel EOs with potential health functions and quality assessment, which in turn boosts the recognition of aromatic plants as important industrial crops and encourages a healthier way of life.","PeriodicalId":20738,"journal":{"name":"Quality Assurance and Safety of Crops & Foods","volume":"60 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138950857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shengmei Liao, Kang Hu, Su Xu, Guangcan Tao, Qinghai Zhang
China ranks third in the global production of dairy products; however, dairy products are extremely vulnerable to contamination, which leaves harmful effects on the human body. This study assesses the risk classification of hazards, and examines regional and temporal distribution patterns using sample data on dairy products produced in China from 2017 to 2021. The risk value was estimated using the entropy weight method. Both global and local spatial autocorrelations were applied. The findings indicate that the primary high and relatively high-risk substances in circulation and production are veterinary medications, additives, microorganisms, and chromium whereas the main high and relatively high-risk substances in catering are additives, microorganisms, and chromium. Unqualified dairy samples were reported from 2017 to 2021. The categorical sampling of dairy products primarily takes place in western China, and only coliform group and total bacterial counts demonstrated high–high and low–low agglomeration, respectively. The dynamic adjustment of targeted regulatory opinions and regulatory plans is proposed to provide scientific basis for the safe supervision of dairy products through the classification of risk substances and the characteristics of related time and space distribution.
{"title":"Establishment of dairy product risk rank model based on the perspective of time, space, and potential contaminants","authors":"Shengmei Liao, Kang Hu, Su Xu, Guangcan Tao, Qinghai Zhang","doi":"10.15586/qas.v15i4.1363","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15586/qas.v15i4.1363","url":null,"abstract":"China ranks third in the global production of dairy products; however, dairy products are extremely vulnerable to contamination, which leaves harmful effects on the human body. This study assesses the risk classification of hazards, and examines regional and temporal distribution patterns using sample data on dairy products produced in China from 2017 to 2021. The risk value was estimated using the entropy weight method. Both global and local spatial autocorrelations were applied. The findings indicate that the primary high and relatively high-risk substances in circulation and production are veterinary medications, additives, microorganisms, and chromium whereas the main high and relatively high-risk substances in catering are additives, microorganisms, and chromium. Unqualified dairy samples were reported from 2017 to 2021. The categorical sampling of dairy products primarily takes place in western China, and only coliform group and total bacterial counts demonstrated high–high and low–low agglomeration, respectively. The dynamic adjustment of targeted regulatory opinions and regulatory plans is proposed to provide scientific basis for the safe supervision of dairy products through the classification of risk substances and the characteristics of related time and space distribution.","PeriodicalId":20738,"journal":{"name":"Quality Assurance and Safety of Crops & Foods","volume":" December","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138611128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
shuyan Bai, Shihui Wang, Dongli Qin, Lei Gao, Qirui Hao, Ningning Du, Peng Wang
Identification of composition characteristics of major and trace elements in wild mitten crabs (Eriocheir sinensis) from different water systems is important for protected geographical indication as well as food quality control and safety. In this study, inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry was employed to measure the contents of 23 elements in the muscle samples of wild Eriocheir sinensis from three water systems (Suifenhe, Nanliujiang, and Liaohe). The results of Kruskal–Wallis one-way ANOVA test comparisons revealed that most elements were significantly different in the samples collected from three water systems (P < 0.05). Geographic origin discrimination was achieved using principal component analysis in combination with hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and stepwise linear discriminant analysis (S-LDA). The HCA results showed the potential of eight characteristic elements for exploratory hierarchical clustering of the samples from three water systems; however, the clustering effect was unsatisfactory. The discrimination accuracy of S-LDA model for the samples from three water systems and that in cross-validation reached 100%. The health risk assessment further revealed that the normal level consumption of wild Eriocheir sinensis did not pose an appreciable health risk to consumers.
{"title":"Elemental analysis of wild Eriocheir sinensis: Determining the geographic origin and human health risk assessment","authors":"shuyan Bai, Shihui Wang, Dongli Qin, Lei Gao, Qirui Hao, Ningning Du, Peng Wang","doi":"10.15586/qas.v15i4.1328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15586/qas.v15i4.1328","url":null,"abstract":"Identification of composition characteristics of major and trace elements in wild mitten crabs (Eriocheir sinensis) from different water systems is important for protected geographical indication as well as food quality control and safety. In this study, inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry was employed to measure the contents of 23 elements in the muscle samples of wild Eriocheir sinensis from three water systems (Suifenhe, Nanliujiang, and Liaohe). The results of Kruskal–Wallis one-way ANOVA test comparisons revealed that most elements were significantly different in the samples collected from three water systems (P < 0.05). Geographic origin discrimination was achieved using principal component analysis in combination with hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and stepwise linear discriminant analysis (S-LDA). The HCA results showed the potential of eight characteristic elements for exploratory hierarchical clustering of the samples from three water systems; however, the clustering effect was unsatisfactory. The discrimination accuracy of S-LDA model for the samples from three water systems and that in cross-validation reached 100%. The health risk assessment further revealed that the normal level consumption of wild Eriocheir sinensis did not pose an appreciable health risk to consumers.","PeriodicalId":20738,"journal":{"name":"Quality Assurance and Safety of Crops & Foods","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139209797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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