T. Zhang, Shaohua Wang, Rong Liu, Ting Liu, Yanni Zhang, Le Yang, Letian Kang, Junkang Xie, Ye Jin, Y. Duan
To improve the meat quality of Nei Mongol mutton and the benefits for farmers, we selected Australian salmon hybrid lambs as experimental subjects to investigate the effects of Allium mongolicum Regel powder (AMR) and yeast-fermented distiller’s grains (DGS) on their production performance and economic efficiency. The results showed that the DGS group had higher kidney index, the AMR group had better meat quality, and the economic efficiency ratio of DGS and AMR was 2.08. In conclusion, both feeds had no adverse effects on the production performance of lambs, and the DGS group had greater potential for promotion.
{"title":"Effects of different feeds on growth performance and meat quality of hybrid lambs","authors":"T. Zhang, Shaohua Wang, Rong Liu, Ting Liu, Yanni Zhang, Le Yang, Letian Kang, Junkang Xie, Ye Jin, Y. Duan","doi":"10.15586/qas.v15i1.1252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15586/qas.v15i1.1252","url":null,"abstract":"To improve the meat quality of Nei Mongol mutton and the benefits for farmers, we selected Australian salmon hybrid lambs as experimental subjects to investigate the effects of Allium mongolicum Regel powder (AMR) and yeast-fermented distiller’s grains (DGS) on their production performance and economic efficiency. The results showed that the DGS group had higher kidney index, the AMR group had better meat quality, and the economic efficiency ratio of DGS and AMR was 2.08. In conclusion, both feeds had no adverse effects on the production performance of lambs, and the DGS group had greater potential for promotion.","PeriodicalId":20738,"journal":{"name":"Quality Assurance and Safety of Crops & Foods","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87775792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhining Tian, Rong Li, Jingwen Wei, Wenying Huai, Jun Xia, Hua Jiang, Ying Xiong, Yunhui Chen
Restless leg syndrome (RLS) is a common and chronic neurological disease characterized by an irresistible and overwhelming urge to move the legs. In recent years, a growing body of clinical trials has demonstrated that -traditional Chinese herbal medicine Shaoyao Gancao Tang (SG-Tang) may improve RLS. However, a critical examination of the available evidence is warranted. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of SG-Tang in the treatment of RLS. The protocol of this study was registered and published at International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO; CRD42020173520). Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) on the efficacy and safety of SG-Tang in the treatment of RLS were identified by searching the Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, the Chinese Biological Medicine Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Database, and VIP Information Database from inception to February 14, 2022. The primary outcome measurements were the total effective rate, and the secondary outcome measurements included the International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group Rating Scale for Severity of Restless Legs Syndrome (IRLS), the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and the incidence of adverse events. The Review Manager 5.3 software was utilized to conduct quantitative synthesis according to the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Six eligible RCTs were included in this meta-analysis. Compared to conventional medications, SG-Tang intervention showed significant improvements in the total effective rate (risk ratio [RR] = 1.22, 95% confidence interval [CI] (1.09,1.36), P = 0.004), the IRLS (mean difference [MD] = −4.74, 95% CI (−8.65, −0.83), P = 0.02), and the PSQI (MD = −2.54, 95% CI (−4.34, −0.74), P = 0.006) with less incidence of adverse events (RR = 0.21, 95% CI (0.09, 0.31), P = 0.0005). SG-Tang may be effective and safe as a complementary and alternative treatment to relieve RLS. However, the results need to be interpreted with caution because of limited data and the undesirable methodological quality of the included studies. More well-designed, large-scale, high-quality, and multi-center RCTs are required to be performed for further verification.
不宁腿综合征(RLS)是一种常见的慢性神经系统疾病，其特征是无法抗拒和压倒性的冲动移动腿。近年来，越来越多的临床试验表明，中药少药干草汤(SG-Tang)可以改善RLS。然而，有必要对现有证据进行严格审查。本研究旨在评价SG-Tang治疗RLS的疗效和安全性。本研究的方案已注册并发表在国际前瞻性系统评价登记册(PROSPERO;CRD42020173520)。通过检索Cochrane图书馆、PubMed、EMBASE、Web of Science、中国生物医药数据库、中国国家知识基础设施、万方数据库、VIP信息库等自成立至2022年2月14日期间的文献，确定了SG-Tang治疗RLS疗效和安全性的随机临床试验(rct)。主要结局测量指标为总有效率，次要结局测量指标包括国际不宁腿综合征研究组不宁腿综合征严重程度评定量表(IRLS)、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)和不良事件发生率。使用Review Manager 5.3软件根据Cochrane干预措施系统评价手册和系统评价和meta分析指南的首选报告项目进行定量综合。本荟萃分析纳入了6项符合条件的随机对照试验。与常规药物相比，SG-Tang干预在总有效率(风险比[RR] = 1.22, 95%可信区间[CI] (1.09,1.36)， P = 0.004)、IRLS(平均差[MD] = - 4.74, 95% CI (- 8.65， - 0.83)， P = 0.02)、PSQI (MD = - 2.54, 95% CI (- 4.34， - 0.74)， P = 0.006)、不良事件发生率(RR = 0.21, 95% CI (0.09, 0.31)， P = 0.0005)方面均有显著改善。SG-Tang作为缓解RLS的补充和替代疗法可能是有效和安全的。然而，由于数据有限和纳入研究的方法学质量不理想，结果需要谨慎解释。需要进行更多设计良好、大规模、高质量、多中心的随机对照试验来进一步验证。
{"title":"Efficacy and safety of Shaoyao Gancao Tang for restless leg syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Zhining Tian, Rong Li, Jingwen Wei, Wenying Huai, Jun Xia, Hua Jiang, Ying Xiong, Yunhui Chen","doi":"10.15586/qas.v15i1.1245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15586/qas.v15i1.1245","url":null,"abstract":"Restless leg syndrome (RLS) is a common and chronic neurological disease characterized by an irresistible and overwhelming urge to move the legs. In recent years, a growing body of clinical trials has demonstrated that -traditional Chinese herbal medicine Shaoyao Gancao Tang (SG-Tang) may improve RLS. However, a critical examination of the available evidence is warranted. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of SG-Tang in the treatment of RLS. The protocol of this study was registered and published at International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO; CRD42020173520). Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) on the efficacy and safety of SG-Tang in the treatment of RLS were identified by searching the Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, the Chinese Biological Medicine Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Database, and VIP Information Database from inception to February 14, 2022. The primary outcome measurements were the total effective rate, and the secondary outcome measurements included the International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group Rating Scale for Severity of Restless Legs Syndrome (IRLS), the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and the incidence of adverse events. The Review Manager 5.3 software was utilized to conduct quantitative synthesis according to the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Six eligible RCTs were included in this meta-analysis. Compared to conventional medications, SG-Tang intervention showed significant improvements in the total effective rate (risk ratio [RR] = 1.22, 95% confidence interval [CI] (1.09,1.36), P = 0.004), the IRLS (mean difference [MD] = −4.74, 95% CI (−8.65, −0.83), P = 0.02), and the PSQI (MD = −2.54, 95% CI (−4.34, −0.74), P = 0.006) with less incidence of adverse events (RR = 0.21, 95% CI (0.09, 0.31), P = 0.0005). SG-Tang may be effective and safe as a complementary and alternative treatment to relieve RLS. However, the results need to be interpreted with caution because of limited data and the undesirable methodological quality of the included studies. More well-designed, large-scale, high-quality, and multi-center RCTs are required to be performed for further verification.","PeriodicalId":20738,"journal":{"name":"Quality Assurance and Safety of Crops & Foods","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82821566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is featured by cognitive impairments in patients with high morbidity and mortality. Sevoflurane (SEV) is one of the main drugs used to maintain clinical general anesthesia and has been found to cause cognitive dysfunction. Breviscapine has various pharmacological effects. However, the effects of breviscapine on sevoflurane-induced cognitive dysfunction is unclear. The sevoflurane-induced cognitive dysfunction rat model was established. Morris water maze task was conducted to detect time in target quadrant, number of platform crossings, and the distance covered in the quadrant. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining was used to examine cell morphology. Cell apoptosis was analyzed through terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated dUTP Nick-End Labeling (TUNEL) staining. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) detected the messenger RNA (mRNA) levels. Western blot assay was conducted to mea-sure the protein level. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent serologic assay examined tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, plasma glutathione peroxidase, and catalase levels. Breviscapine improved sevoflurane-induced cognitive dysfunctioning in rats. Breviscapine could play a suppressive role in apoptosis in the brain tissues of sevoflurane-induced rats. Further functional analysis showed that sevoflurane increased inflammation and oxidative stress in the brain tissues of sevoflurane-induced rats whereas breviscapine exerted apposite effects on sevoflurane-induced inflammation and oxidative stress. Additionally, we demonstrated that breviscapine promoted sevoflurane-induced phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) (PI3K/Akt) pathway and inhibited sevoflurane-induced nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway in the brain tissues of rats. These results indicate that breviscapine could improve sevoflurane-induced cognitive dysfunction through activating the PI3K/Akt pathway and suppressing NF-κB pathway, which provides a therapeutic method for patients with sevoflurane-induced cognitive dysfunction.
{"title":"Breviscapine restores sevoflurane-induced cognitive dysfunction by activating the PI3K/Akt pathway and inhibiting NF-κB","authors":"Qingju Mao, Ke Cheng, Zhen Zhang","doi":"10.15586/qas.v15i1.1230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15586/qas.v15i1.1230","url":null,"abstract":"Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is featured by cognitive impairments in patients with high morbidity and mortality. Sevoflurane (SEV) is one of the main drugs used to maintain clinical general anesthesia and has been found to cause cognitive dysfunction. Breviscapine has various pharmacological effects. However, the effects of breviscapine on sevoflurane-induced cognitive dysfunction is unclear. The sevoflurane-induced cognitive dysfunction rat model was established. Morris water maze task was conducted to detect time in target quadrant, number of platform crossings, and the distance covered in the quadrant. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining was used to examine cell morphology. Cell apoptosis was analyzed through terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated dUTP Nick-End Labeling (TUNEL) staining. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) detected the messenger RNA (mRNA) levels. Western blot assay was conducted to mea-sure the protein level. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent serologic assay examined tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, plasma glutathione peroxidase, and catalase levels. Breviscapine improved sevoflurane-induced cognitive dysfunctioning in rats. Breviscapine could play a suppressive role in apoptosis in the brain tissues of sevoflurane-induced rats. Further functional analysis showed that sevoflurane increased inflammation and oxidative stress in the brain tissues of sevoflurane-induced rats whereas breviscapine exerted apposite effects on sevoflurane-induced inflammation and oxidative stress. Additionally, we demonstrated that breviscapine promoted sevoflurane-induced phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) (PI3K/Akt) pathway and inhibited sevoflurane-induced nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway in the brain tissues of rats. These results indicate that breviscapine could improve sevoflurane-induced cognitive dysfunction through activating the PI3K/Akt pathway and suppressing NF-κB pathway, which provides a therapeutic method for patients with sevoflurane-induced cognitive dysfunction.\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":20738,"journal":{"name":"Quality Assurance and Safety of Crops & Foods","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88344513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To figure out the molecular mechanism of aloperine (ALO) on receptor activator of nuclear factor (NF)-kappa-B (κb) ligand (RANKL)-caused osteoclast differentiation. The histopathological analysis and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining assays were applied to check the extent of bone loss of the femur. Then, the protein expressions of nitric oxide synthase 2, glutathione reductase, nuclear erythroid 2-related factor 2, heme oxygenase-1, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase 1, and catalase were checked in RAW264.7, a macrophage cell line, by enzyme-linked-immunosorbent serologic assay and Western blot analysis. Further, the TRAP staining and quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay were applied to characterize the level of RAW264.7 osteoclast differentiation. Besides, Western blot assay was used to check the protein expressions of extracellular regulated protein kinases (ERK), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and P38 in RAW264.7. Finally, ERK activation blocker U0126 was used to inhibit mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway to determine the effect of MAPK signaling pathway on RAW264.7 osteoclast differentiation. In this study, the results demonstrated that ALO could inhibit lipopolysaccharide-induced bone loss in vivo in a dose-dependent manner, with significant inhibitory effects at high doses. Further research indicated that ALO could inhibit RANKL-induced oxidative stress and osteoclast differentiation of RAW264.7. Then, ALO could inactivate MAPK signaling pathway. Finally, the results showed that inhibition of MAPK signaling pathway could increase ALO inhibition of RANKL-caused osteoclast differentiation. ALO inhibits RANKL-caused osteoclast differentiation by suppressing the MAPK signaling pathways.
探讨aloperine (ALO)对核因子受体激活剂(NF)- κb (κb)配体(RANKL)诱导破骨细胞分化的分子机制。采用组织病理学分析和抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶(TRAP)染色检测股骨骨丢失程度。采用酶联免疫吸附血清学和Western blot检测巨噬细胞RAW264.7中一氧化氮合酶2、谷胱甘肽还原酶、核红细胞2相关因子2、血红素加氧酶-1、烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸磷酸(NADPH)氧化酶1和过氧化氢酶的蛋白表达。进一步，采用TRAP染色和定量聚合酶链反应技术表征RAW264.7破骨细胞分化水平。Western blot检测RAW264.7细胞外调节蛋白激酶(ERK)、c-Jun n -末端激酶(JNK)、P38蛋白的表达情况。最后，利用ERK激活阻断剂U0126抑制丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(MAPK)信号通路，确定MAPK信号通路对RAW264.7破骨细胞分化的影响。本研究结果表明，在体内，ALO能够以剂量依赖的方式抑制脂多糖诱导的骨质流失，且在高剂量时具有明显的抑制作用。进一步研究表明，ALO可抑制rankl诱导的RAW264.7氧化应激和破骨细胞分化。因此，ALO可以使MAPK信号通路失活。最后，结果表明，抑制MAPK信号通路可以增加ALO对rankl诱导的破骨细胞分化的抑制。ALO通过抑制MAPK信号通路抑制rankl引起的破骨细胞分化。
{"title":"Aloperine inhibits RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation via suppressing the MAPK signaling pathways","authors":"Xiang Wu, Caiyun Fu, Xuefeng He, Shaolei Wang","doi":"10.15586/qas.v15i1.1246","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15586/qas.v15i1.1246","url":null,"abstract":"To figure out the molecular mechanism of aloperine (ALO) on receptor activator of nuclear factor (NF)-kappa-B (κb) ligand (RANKL)-caused osteoclast differentiation. The histopathological analysis and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining assays were applied to check the extent of bone loss of the femur. Then, the protein expressions of nitric oxide synthase 2, glutathione reductase, nuclear erythroid 2-related factor 2, heme oxygenase-1, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase 1, and catalase were checked in RAW264.7, a macrophage cell line, by enzyme-linked-immunosorbent serologic assay and Western blot analysis. Further, the TRAP staining and quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay were applied to characterize the level of RAW264.7 osteoclast differentiation. Besides, Western blot assay was used to check the protein expressions of extracellular regulated protein kinases (ERK), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and P38 in RAW264.7. Finally, ERK activation blocker U0126 was used to inhibit mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway to determine the effect of MAPK signaling pathway on RAW264.7 osteoclast differentiation. In this study, the results demonstrated that ALO could inhibit lipopolysaccharide-induced bone loss in vivo in a dose-dependent manner, with significant inhibitory effects at high doses. Further research indicated that ALO could inhibit RANKL-induced oxidative stress and osteoclast differentiation of RAW264.7. Then, ALO could inactivate MAPK signaling pathway. Finally, the results showed that inhibition of MAPK signaling pathway could increase ALO inhibition of RANKL-caused osteoclast differentiation. ALO inhibits RANKL-caused osteoclast differentiation by suppressing the MAPK signaling pathways.","PeriodicalId":20738,"journal":{"name":"Quality Assurance and Safety of Crops & Foods","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82391302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xiaoqian Chen, Chuanwei Li, Xiaofang Liu, Yu-lan Su, Ziang Sun, L. Yuan, Shuo Wang
The feasibility of near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy and partial least-squares regression (PLSR) was investigated for rapid prediction of the quality of Chinese soy sauce. Twenty-four soy sauce samples from eight common brands available in China were analyzed for the contents of various components that may affect the quality of soy sauce. Sensory evaluation was also conducted to determine the relationship between components and the sensory quality of soy sauce. Subsequently, NIR spectra (400–2500 nm) of the samples were obtained, and the raw spectra were subjected to different pretreatment methods. PLSR was performed on the raw and treated spectra to construct models using a calibration set. The performance of models was evaluated by comparing the determination coefficient of prediction (R2P) and root-mean-square error of prediction (RMSEP). The results showed that the models constructed using the moisture content (R2P of 0.825 and RMSEP of 1.73), amino acid nitrogen content (R2P of 0.785 and RMSEP of 0.071), and taste scores (R2P of 0.733 and RMSEP of 11.93) performed well, and the interactions between amino acid nitrogen content and taste of soy sauce were clarified. This study demonstrates that NIR spectroscopy can be used as a valid alternative method for rapid prediction of the sensory quality of soy sauce during processing.
{"title":"Near-infrared spectroscopy of Chinese soy sauce for quality evaluation","authors":"Xiaoqian Chen, Chuanwei Li, Xiaofang Liu, Yu-lan Su, Ziang Sun, L. Yuan, Shuo Wang","doi":"10.15586/qas.v15i1.1177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15586/qas.v15i1.1177","url":null,"abstract":"The feasibility of near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy and partial least-squares regression (PLSR) was investigated for rapid prediction of the quality of Chinese soy sauce. Twenty-four soy sauce samples from eight common brands available in China were analyzed for the contents of various components that may affect the quality of soy sauce. Sensory evaluation was also conducted to determine the relationship between components and the sensory quality of soy sauce. Subsequently, NIR spectra (400–2500 nm) of the samples were obtained, and the raw spectra were subjected to different pretreatment methods. PLSR was performed on the raw and treated spectra to construct models using a calibration set. The performance of models was evaluated by comparing the determination coefficient of prediction (R2P) and root-mean-square error of prediction (RMSEP). The results showed that the models constructed using the moisture content (R2P of 0.825 and RMSEP of 1.73), amino acid nitrogen content (R2P of 0.785 and RMSEP of 0.071), and taste scores (R2P of 0.733 and RMSEP of 11.93) performed well, and the interactions between amino acid nitrogen content and taste of soy sauce were clarified. This study demonstrates that NIR spectroscopy can be used as a valid alternative method for rapid prediction of the sensory quality of soy sauce during processing.","PeriodicalId":20738,"journal":{"name":"Quality Assurance and Safety of Crops & Foods","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78170341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Choudhary, S. Dutta, J. Moses, C. Anandharamakrishnan
α-lipoic acid (LA) is a potent antioxidant available in various plant and animal sources. Of late, there is high market demand for LA-based nutraceuticals, owing to enhanced occurrences of oxidative stress-based diseases. However, the effectiveness of LA is challenged with its low solubility, less stability, and low bioavailability. In addition, the unpleasant taste of LA limits its applications in food systems. In this context, encapsulation techniques can modify the chemical and biological properties of LA and improve its solubility and stability in the aqueous medium, which in turn helps in the development of different innovative therapeutic products based on LA. Different encapsulation techniques such as inclusion complexes, spray drying, electrospraying, solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN), emulsification, and liposomes have been explored for the encapsulation of LA. This review focuses on the biological activities of LA in terms of antioxidant, antidiabetic, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory properties, and the scope of encapsulation to enhance these properties, as evidenced through in vitro and in vivo studies. Furthermore, this article will help researchers and industrialists to select the suitable encapsulation method based on their requirement for delivering LA to achieve its optimal therapeutic potential.
{"title":"Recent developments in encapsulation of α-lipoic acid for enhanced bioavailability and stability","authors":"P. Choudhary, S. Dutta, J. Moses, C. Anandharamakrishnan","doi":"10.15586/qas.v15i1.1081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15586/qas.v15i1.1081","url":null,"abstract":"α-lipoic acid (LA) is a potent antioxidant available in various plant and animal sources. Of late, there is high market demand for LA-based nutraceuticals, owing to enhanced occurrences of oxidative stress-based diseases. However, the effectiveness of LA is challenged with its low solubility, less stability, and low bioavailability. In addition, the unpleasant taste of LA limits its applications in food systems. In this context, encapsulation techniques can modify the chemical and biological properties of LA and improve its solubility and stability in the aqueous medium, which in turn helps in the development of different innovative therapeutic products based on LA. Different encapsulation techniques such as inclusion complexes, spray drying, electrospraying, solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN), emulsification, and liposomes have been explored for the encapsulation of LA. This review focuses on the biological activities of LA in terms of antioxidant, antidiabetic, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory properties, and the scope of encapsulation to enhance these properties, as evidenced through in vitro and in vivo studies. Furthermore, this article will help researchers and industrialists to select the suitable encapsulation method based on their requirement for delivering LA to achieve its optimal therapeutic potential.","PeriodicalId":20738,"journal":{"name":"Quality Assurance and Safety of Crops & Foods","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77983126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lijuan Yuan, Yang Liu, Cao-wei Chen, Zhenquan Yang, X. Jiao
Salmonella Typhimurium is a zoonotic bacterium that can cause salmonellosis, and the major concerns of S. Typhimurium for the food industry are its ability to obtain multidrug resistance and form biofilms on food-contact surfaces. In the current study, the antimicrobial resistance of a strong biofilm former S. Typhimurium M3 was assessed by the diffusion method. Genome sequencing was also applied to obtain the genes related to antibiotic resistance, and biofilm formation of S. Typhimurium M3. Biofilm-forming capacity of S. Typhimurium M3 was found to be strain dependent, and a high number of isolates were strong biofilm formers. The high biofilm-forming isolate S. Typhimurium M3 was resistant to oxacillin, lincomycin, rifampicin, tetracycline, and clindamycin, with the MIC values of 512 μg/mL, 32 μg/mL, 16 μg/mL, 64 μg/mL, and 64 μg/mL, respectively. Genomic annotation of S. Typhimurium M3 showed the presence of genes involved in cellulose biosynthesis, curli production, fimbriae biosynthesis, flagellar assemble, quorum sensing, chemotaxis, and some transcriptional regulators. Antibiotic efflux conferring antibiotic resistance genes, antibiotic inactivation genes, and antibiotic target alteration genes were also identified. The results expand scientific understanding on how Salmonella isolates with high biofilm-forming capacity and multidrug resistance survive in stressful conditions in the industry.
{"title":"Biofilm formation, antibiotic resistance, and genome sequencing of a unique isolate Salmonella Typhimurium M3","authors":"Lijuan Yuan, Yang Liu, Cao-wei Chen, Zhenquan Yang, X. Jiao","doi":"10.15586/qas.v15i1.1225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15586/qas.v15i1.1225","url":null,"abstract":"Salmonella Typhimurium is a zoonotic bacterium that can cause salmonellosis, and the major concerns of S. Typhimurium for the food industry are its ability to obtain multidrug resistance and form biofilms on food-contact surfaces. In the current study, the antimicrobial resistance of a strong biofilm former S. Typhimurium M3 was assessed by the diffusion method. Genome sequencing was also applied to obtain the genes related to antibiotic resistance, and biofilm formation of S. Typhimurium M3. Biofilm-forming capacity of S. Typhimurium M3 was found to be strain dependent, and a high number of isolates were strong biofilm formers. The high biofilm-forming isolate S. Typhimurium M3 was resistant to oxacillin, lincomycin, rifampicin, tetracycline, and clindamycin, with the MIC values of 512 μg/mL, 32 μg/mL, 16 μg/mL, 64 μg/mL, and 64 μg/mL, respectively. Genomic annotation of S. Typhimurium M3 showed the presence of genes involved in cellulose biosynthesis, curli production, fimbriae biosynthesis, flagellar assemble, quorum sensing, chemotaxis, and some transcriptional regulators. Antibiotic efflux conferring antibiotic resistance genes, antibiotic inactivation genes, and antibiotic target alteration genes were also identified. The results expand scientific understanding on how Salmonella isolates with high biofilm-forming capacity and multidrug resistance survive in stressful conditions in the industry.","PeriodicalId":20738,"journal":{"name":"Quality Assurance and Safety of Crops & Foods","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81682172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cataract is the clouding of eye lens, and is the leading cause of visual impairment and blindness worldwide. There is an urgent need to develop new drugs to combat this disease. Oridonin (ORI), isolated from Rabdosia rubescens, is a natural substance that has been studied as an activator of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and covalent inhibitor of NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3). Whether ORI has a therapeutic effect on human lens’ epithelial cell injury needs further study. In this study, we used cataract lens epithelial cell lines HLE-B3 and SRA01/04. We found using the MTT assay that ORI treatment increased cell viability induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). In addition, ORI suppressed the apoptosis of H2O2-induced HLE-B3 and SRA01/04 cells detected by flow cytometry and Western blot analysis. Our data further revealed that ORI regulated nuclear factor, erythroid 2 (NFE2) like bZIP transcription factor 2 (Nrf2)-mediated oxidative stress by enzyme-linked-immunosorbent serologic assay. We further found that ORI inhibited NLRP3/nuclear factor-κb (NF-κB) pathway in H2O2-induced HLE-B3 and SRA01/04 cells by Western blot analysis. Therefore, these results suggested that ORI could have the potential to serve as a promising drug to treat cataract.
{"title":"Oridonin protects hydrogen peroxide-induced human lens epithelial cell damage by regulating the NLRP3/NF-κB pathway and Nrf2-mediated oxidative stress","authors":"Jie Chen, Wei Zeng, Xili Xiao, Chen-Chen Lin","doi":"10.15586/qas.v15i1.1221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15586/qas.v15i1.1221","url":null,"abstract":"Cataract is the clouding of eye lens, and is the leading cause of visual impairment and blindness worldwide. There is an urgent need to develop new drugs to combat this disease. Oridonin (ORI), isolated from Rabdosia rubescens, is a natural substance that has been studied as an activator of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and covalent inhibitor of NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3). Whether ORI has a therapeutic effect on human lens’ epithelial cell injury needs further study. In this study, we used cataract lens epithelial cell lines HLE-B3 and SRA01/04. We found using the MTT assay that ORI treatment increased cell viability induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). In addition, ORI suppressed the apoptosis of H2O2-induced HLE-B3 and SRA01/04 cells detected by flow cytometry and Western blot analysis. Our data further revealed that ORI regulated nuclear factor, erythroid 2 (NFE2) like bZIP transcription factor 2 (Nrf2)-mediated oxidative stress by enzyme-linked-immunosorbent serologic assay. We further found that ORI inhibited NLRP3/nuclear factor-κb (NF-κB) pathway in H2O2-induced HLE-B3 and SRA01/04 cells by Western blot analysis. Therefore, these results suggested that ORI could have the potential to serve as a promising drug to treat cataract.","PeriodicalId":20738,"journal":{"name":"Quality Assurance and Safety of Crops & Foods","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83135943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nadia Mohamadi, M. Meraghni, Foued Merdaci, Asma Necib, Mehdi El Arbi, Khaoula Elhadef, S. Smaoui, M. Bouaziz
The table olive industry produces a large amount of wastewater that can be expensive to be treated and harmful to the environment. This study aimed to find a way to reuse brine water from the production of black and green table olive brines from Bejaia and Mascara of the Sigoise cultivar in order to create a valuable byproduct and con-tribute to sustainable development. In this context, the high-performance liquid chromatography–diode-array detection (HPLC-DAD) analysis revealed the highest concentration of hydroxytyrosol (4-(2-dihydroxy phenyl ethanol); 69.67 mg/100 mg) for green table olive brines of Mascara (EOGM) and tyrosol (Ty) (28.8 mg/100 mg) for black table olive brines of Bejaia (EOBB). Presence of polyphenols and ortho-diphenols could be responsible for their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial properties. To assess antioxidant activity, the scavenging effects of DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) and ABTS (2,20-Azinobis[3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate]) radicals as well as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) radicals were used. The antimicrobial activity showed that the black olive extract exhibited the best inhibitory effect, with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) ranging from 0.625 mg/mL to 0.31 mg/mL. The anti-inflammatory activity of tested extracts of black olives of Bejaia (EOBB) and green of olives Mascara (EOGM) was 20.06 µg/mL and 20.21 µg/mL, respectively, which demonstrated the anti-inflammatory effect of these extracts on human beings.
{"title":"Investigation and quantification of the potential antioxidant, inflammatory, and antibacterial bioactive molecules of the extracts of Algerian black and green table olive brine","authors":"Nadia Mohamadi, M. Meraghni, Foued Merdaci, Asma Necib, Mehdi El Arbi, Khaoula Elhadef, S. Smaoui, M. Bouaziz","doi":"10.15586/qas.v15i1.1250","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15586/qas.v15i1.1250","url":null,"abstract":"The table olive industry produces a large amount of wastewater that can be expensive to be treated and harmful to the environment. This study aimed to find a way to reuse brine water from the production of black and green table olive brines from Bejaia and Mascara of the Sigoise cultivar in order to create a valuable byproduct and con-tribute to sustainable development. In this context, the high-performance liquid chromatography–diode-array detection (HPLC-DAD) analysis revealed the highest concentration of hydroxytyrosol (4-(2-dihydroxy phenyl ethanol); 69.67 mg/100 mg) for green table olive brines of Mascara (EOGM) and tyrosol (Ty) (28.8 mg/100 mg) for black table olive brines of Bejaia (EOBB). Presence of polyphenols and ortho-diphenols could be responsible for their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial properties. To assess antioxidant activity, the scavenging effects of DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) and ABTS (2,20-Azinobis[3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate]) radicals as well as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) radicals were used. The antimicrobial activity showed that the black olive extract exhibited the best inhibitory effect, with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) ranging from 0.625 mg/mL to 0.31 mg/mL. The anti-inflammatory activity of tested extracts of black olives of Bejaia (EOBB) and green of olives Mascara (EOGM) was 20.06 µg/mL and 20.21 µg/mL, respectively, which demonstrated the anti-inflammatory effect of these extracts on human beings.","PeriodicalId":20738,"journal":{"name":"Quality Assurance and Safety of Crops & Foods","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84969319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the experiment of this article, the artificial neural network (ANN) was used to establish the sturgeon bone marrow drying model. Further, the effects of different temperatures (40, 60, and 80°C), humidities (0, 20, and 40%), and air velocities (8, 16, and 25 m/s) on the drying characteristics of sturgeon bone marrow were stud-ied. The studies had shown that with the increase of drying temperature, the acceleration of air velocity, and the decrease of humidity, the sturgeon bone marrow can be dried in the shortest period of 100 min. This study used ANN to feasibly predict dried sturgeon bone marrow moisture ratio, based on the time, temperature, humidity, and air velocity drying inputs. The results revealed that 11 hidden neurons were selected as the best configuration to predict the moisture ratio. This network was able to predict moisture ratio with R value 0.996. This model correctly predicted the optimal drying conditions and established that temperature is the single most significant factor in determining the drying time of sturgeon bone marrow. It is expected that this system will have broader application in other food drying requirements.
{"title":"Application of an artificial neural network model to predict the change of moisture during drying of sturgeon bone marrow","authors":"Caiyan Jiang, Shan Shang, Jie Zheng, Baoshang Fu, Minqiang Guo, Pengbo Shen, Pengfei Jiang","doi":"10.15586/qas.v15i1.1085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15586/qas.v15i1.1085","url":null,"abstract":"In the experiment of this article, the artificial neural network (ANN) was used to establish the sturgeon bone marrow drying model. Further, the effects of different temperatures (40, 60, and 80°C), humidities (0, 20, and 40%), and air velocities (8, 16, and 25 m/s) on the drying characteristics of sturgeon bone marrow were stud-ied. The studies had shown that with the increase of drying temperature, the acceleration of air velocity, and the decrease of humidity, the sturgeon bone marrow can be dried in the shortest period of 100 min. This study used ANN to feasibly predict dried sturgeon bone marrow moisture ratio, based on the time, temperature, humidity, and air velocity drying inputs. The results revealed that 11 hidden neurons were selected as the best configuration to predict the moisture ratio. This network was able to predict moisture ratio with R value 0.996. This model correctly predicted the optimal drying conditions and established that temperature is the single most significant factor in determining the drying time of sturgeon bone marrow. It is expected that this system will have broader application in other food drying requirements.","PeriodicalId":20738,"journal":{"name":"Quality Assurance and Safety of Crops & Foods","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86259194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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