R. Manikandan, B. Balamuralikrishnan, Arthi Boro, P. Karthika, M. Arun, S. Velayuthaprabhu, Arunkumar Malaisamy, Rengasamy Lakshminarayanan Rengarajan, A. Vijaya Anand
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and its complications have been regarded as the leading cause of morbidity and mortality. The drugs available in the market are effective to treat CVD, but with many adverse reactions. Nowadays, herbal products are the attention of researchers because of their less adverse effects. In this study, the cardioprotective effects of ethanolic leaves extract of Psidium guajava Linn. (Guava) (P. guajava) were evaluated in streptozotocin (STZ)-treated animal models. Mice acquired for the study were divided into five groups, each consisting of six mice. The toxin-induced mice were treated with the ethanolic leaves extract of P. guajava (300 mg/kg body weight [b.w.]). The results were compared to the standard drug (glibenclamide)-treated mice (3 mg/kg b.w.). The following parameters were considered for further investigations: creatine kinase-muscle brain (CK-MB), creatine kinase (CK), troponin, lysosomal, and mitochondrial enzymes. Then the docking study was accomplished. The levels of cardiac marker enzymes and lysosomal enzymes increased significantly in the toxin-induced mice, while the level of mitochondrial enzyme decreased significantly. During treatment with the ethanolic leaves extract of P. guajava, the levels of all parameters were notably reversed to normal range (P < 0.05). Further, in docking analysis, the interaction of compounds, such as alpha-terpineol, cyclopentanecarboxamide, guaiol (a sesquiterpenoid alcohol), 1H-cyclopropanaphthalene, tetracyclotridecan-9-ol, dormin/abscisic acid, and epiglobulol, with the respective protein molecules, evidenced the cardioprotective effect of P. guajava leaves. Hence, it was concluded that the ethanolic leaves extract of P. guajava leaves have a cardioprotective effect.
{"title":"Impact on cardioprotective effect of Psidium guajava leaves extract in streptozotocin-induced Wistar mice with molecular in silico analysis","authors":"R. Manikandan, B. Balamuralikrishnan, Arthi Boro, P. Karthika, M. Arun, S. Velayuthaprabhu, Arunkumar Malaisamy, Rengasamy Lakshminarayanan Rengarajan, A. Vijaya Anand","doi":"10.15586/qas.v15i2.1261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15586/qas.v15i2.1261","url":null,"abstract":"Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and its complications have been regarded as the leading cause of morbidity and mortality. The drugs available in the market are effective to treat CVD, but with many adverse reactions. Nowadays, herbal products are the attention of researchers because of their less adverse effects. In this study, the cardioprotective effects of ethanolic leaves extract of Psidium guajava Linn. (Guava) (P. guajava) were evaluated in streptozotocin (STZ)-treated animal models. Mice acquired for the study were divided into five groups, each consisting of six mice. The toxin-induced mice were treated with the ethanolic leaves extract of P. guajava (300 mg/kg body weight [b.w.]). The results were compared to the standard drug (glibenclamide)-treated mice (3 mg/kg b.w.). The following parameters were considered for further investigations: creatine kinase-muscle brain (CK-MB), creatine kinase (CK), troponin, lysosomal, and mitochondrial enzymes. Then the docking study was accomplished. The levels of cardiac marker enzymes and lysosomal enzymes increased significantly in the toxin-induced mice, while the level of mitochondrial enzyme decreased significantly. During treatment with the ethanolic leaves extract of P. guajava, the levels of all parameters were notably reversed to normal range (P < 0.05). Further, in docking analysis, the interaction of compounds, such as alpha-terpineol, cyclopentanecarboxamide, guaiol (a sesquiterpenoid alcohol), 1H-cyclopropanaphthalene, tetracyclotridecan-9-ol, dormin/abscisic acid, and epiglobulol, with the respective protein molecules, evidenced the cardioprotective effect of P. guajava leaves. Hence, it was concluded that the ethanolic leaves extract of P. guajava leaves have a cardioprotective effect.","PeriodicalId":20738,"journal":{"name":"Quality Assurance and Safety of Crops & Foods","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73176901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Neuropathic pain is a very troublesome disease that seriously affects human life. Eriocalyxin B (EriB) has been revealed to attenuate various diseases through its anti-inflammatory effects, but its regulatory effects on neuro-pathic pain remains unclear. The paw withdrawal threshold and paw withdrawal thermal latency were detected through mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia tests. The spinal injury was assessed through hematoxylin and eosin staining. The cell apoptosis was measured through terminal deoxynucleotide transferase-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling assay. The protein expressions were examined through Western blot analysis. The mRNA expression was examined through reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1 level in the spinal cord was evaluated through immunofluorescence assay. The levels of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6 were measured through enzyme-linked-immunosorbent serologic assay. The chronic constriction injury (CCI) rat model was constructed for the study. Our results demonstrated that EriB relieved CCI-stimulated neuropathic pain and nerve damage. In addition, the enhanced neural apoptosis mediated by CCI induction was reduced after EriB treatment. In addition, EriB inhib-ited CCI-induced microglia activity and inflammation. At last, the Janus kinase 2–signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (JAK2/STAT3) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathways were activated in CCI rat model, which were attenuated following EriB treatment. Importantly, EriB (10 mg/kg) had a strong effect that was similar to the positive control (1-μg/kg dexmedetomidine), suggesting that EriB may be an effective drug for neuropathic pain. This study demonstrated that EriB inhibited inflammation caused by CCI-induced microglia activation to relieve neuropathic pain through inhibition of JAK2/STAT3 and NF-κB pathways. This study may highlight the regulatory functions of EriB in the treatment of neuropathic pain.
神经性疼痛是一种非常麻烦的疾病，严重影响人类的生活。Eriocalyxin B (EriB)已被发现通过其抗炎作用减轻多种疾病，但其对神经性疼痛的调节作用尚不清楚。通过机械异常性痛和热痛觉过敏试验检测足部戒断阈值和足部戒断热潜伏期。苏木精和伊红染色评估脊髓损伤。通过末端脱氧核苷酸转移酶介导的dUTP缺口末端标记法检测细胞凋亡。Western blot检测蛋白表达。逆转录-定量聚合酶链反应检测mRNA表达。采用免疫荧光法测定脊髓内钙结合受体分子1的水平。采用酶联免疫吸附血清学法检测肿瘤坏死因子-α、白细胞介素(IL)-1β、IL-6水平。建立慢性缩窄性损伤大鼠模型。我们的研究结果表明，EriB减轻了cci刺激的神经性疼痛和神经损伤。此外，经EriB处理后，CCI诱导的神经细胞凋亡增强有所减弱。此外，EriB抑制cci诱导的小胶质细胞活性和炎症。最后，在CCI大鼠模型中，Janus kinase 2-signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (JAK2/STAT3)和nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB)通路被激活，EriB处理后这些通路被减弱。重要的是，EriB (10 mg/kg)具有与阳性对照(1-μg/kg右美托咪定)相似的强效，表明EriB可能是一种治疗神经性疼痛的有效药物。本研究表明，EriB通过抑制JAK2/STAT3和NF-κB通路，抑制cci诱导的小胶质细胞激活引起的炎症，从而缓解神经性疼痛。本研究可能进一步揭示EriB在神经性疼痛治疗中的调控作用。
{"title":"Eriocalyxin B inhibits inflammation induced by CCI-induced microglia activation to relieve neuropathic pain through inhibition of JAK2/STAT3 and NF-κB pathways","authors":"Zhifeng Sheng, Xiao-qing Pan","doi":"10.15586/qas.v15i2.1270","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15586/qas.v15i2.1270","url":null,"abstract":"Neuropathic pain is a very troublesome disease that seriously affects human life. Eriocalyxin B (EriB) has been revealed to attenuate various diseases through its anti-inflammatory effects, but its regulatory effects on neuro-pathic pain remains unclear. The paw withdrawal threshold and paw withdrawal thermal latency were detected through mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia tests. The spinal injury was assessed through hematoxylin and eosin staining. The cell apoptosis was measured through terminal deoxynucleotide transferase-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling assay. The protein expressions were examined through Western blot analysis. The mRNA expression was examined through reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1 level in the spinal cord was evaluated through immunofluorescence assay. The levels of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6 were measured through enzyme-linked-immunosorbent serologic assay. The chronic constriction injury (CCI) rat model was constructed for the study. Our results demonstrated that EriB relieved CCI-stimulated neuropathic pain and nerve damage. In addition, the enhanced neural apoptosis mediated by CCI induction was reduced after EriB treatment. In addition, EriB inhib-ited CCI-induced microglia activity and inflammation. At last, the Janus kinase 2–signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (JAK2/STAT3) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathways were activated in CCI rat model, which were attenuated following EriB treatment. Importantly, EriB (10 mg/kg) had a strong effect that was similar to the positive control (1-μg/kg dexmedetomidine), suggesting that EriB may be an effective drug for neuropathic pain. This study demonstrated that EriB inhibited inflammation caused by CCI-induced microglia activation to relieve neuropathic pain through inhibition of JAK2/STAT3 and NF-κB pathways. This study may highlight the regulatory functions of EriB in the treatment of neuropathic pain.","PeriodicalId":20738,"journal":{"name":"Quality Assurance and Safety of Crops & Foods","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86850487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Pandey, S. Acharya, Rakshya Bagale, Akriti Gupta, P. Chaudhary, Bikash Rokaya, Manju K.C., P. Aryal, Hari Prasad Devkota
This study aims to evaluate the standard physicochemical parameters, such as iodine value, acid value, saponification value, ester value, refractive index, peroxide value, and viscosity, of Prinsepia utilis (P. utilis) seed oil (PUSO) obtained as hexane extract from seeds, and to formulate ketoconazole soap (2% w/w) by using extracted oil as a base. The quality control standards of the final ketoconazole soap complied with the standards specified in Indian Pharmacopeia. Pharmaceutical soap was obtained by treating PUSO with potassium hydroxide (KOH), undergoing basic saponification. All physicochemical parameters, such as acid value (21.78 mg KOH/g), saponi-fication value (194.13 mg KOH/g), iodine value (99.7 g I2/100 g), ester value (172.35 mg KOH/g), refractive index (1.464), and viscosity (192 centipoises [cps]), conformed to industrial standards, except the peroxide value (19.23 milliequivalent KOH/g). Besides, evaluation of quality control parameters of pharmaceutical soap suggested that its various parameters, such as pH (7.3), foam-forming ability (14.5 cm), foam retention time (15 min), total fatty matter (69.31%), moisture content (10.35%), and drug content (99.37%), were within the acceptable limit. Overall, our study showed that P. utilis base was physicochemically stable and suitable for manufacturing cosmetic products, soaps, and shampoo in an economical manner, rather than using expensive chemical additives, in the pharmaceutical and cosmeceutical industry. Further, this study suggested that therapeutically and commercially successful ketoconazole soap, with all the required quality control parameters, could be manufactured by using naturally available oil at a low cost.
{"title":"Physicochemical evaluation of Prinsepia utilis seed oil (PUSO) and its utilization as a base in pharmaceutical soap formulation","authors":"J. Pandey, S. Acharya, Rakshya Bagale, Akriti Gupta, P. Chaudhary, Bikash Rokaya, Manju K.C., P. Aryal, Hari Prasad Devkota","doi":"10.15586/qas.v15i2.1176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15586/qas.v15i2.1176","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to evaluate the standard physicochemical parameters, such as iodine value, acid value, saponification value, ester value, refractive index, peroxide value, and viscosity, of Prinsepia utilis (P. utilis) seed oil (PUSO) obtained as hexane extract from seeds, and to formulate ketoconazole soap (2% w/w) by using extracted oil as a base. The quality control standards of the final ketoconazole soap complied with the standards specified in Indian Pharmacopeia. Pharmaceutical soap was obtained by treating PUSO with potassium hydroxide (KOH), undergoing basic saponification. All physicochemical parameters, such as acid value (21.78 mg KOH/g), saponi-fication value (194.13 mg KOH/g), iodine value (99.7 g I2/100 g), ester value (172.35 mg KOH/g), refractive index (1.464), and viscosity (192 centipoises [cps]), conformed to industrial standards, except the peroxide value (19.23 milliequivalent KOH/g). Besides, evaluation of quality control parameters of pharmaceutical soap suggested that its various parameters, such as pH (7.3), foam-forming ability (14.5 cm), foam retention time (15 min), total fatty matter (69.31%), moisture content (10.35%), and drug content (99.37%), were within the acceptable limit. Overall, our study showed that P. utilis base was physicochemically stable and suitable for manufacturing cosmetic products, soaps, and shampoo in an economical manner, rather than using expensive chemical additives, in the pharmaceutical and cosmeceutical industry. Further, this study suggested that therapeutically and commercially successful ketoconazole soap, with all the required quality control parameters, could be manufactured by using naturally available oil at a low cost.","PeriodicalId":20738,"journal":{"name":"Quality Assurance and Safety of Crops & Foods","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86606898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Moosavi‐Nasab, Bahram Behroozi, Hadi Hashemi Gahruie, Samad Tavakoli
Button mushrooms are considered one of the most sensitive agricultural products due to the mechanical damages that can significantly decrease their quality and color. Our study aimed to evaluate the effect of aloe vera and gelatin edible coatings containing Shirazi thyme essential oil nanoemulsion on the shelf life, enzymatic browning, physicochemical, microbiological, textural, and sensorial properties of a button mushroom. Seven samples, including the control (C) and those coated with 1% gelatin (G1), 3% gelatin (G3), 1% aloe vera (A1), 3% aloe vera (A3), 1% gelatin + 2% aloe vera (G1A2), and 2% gelatin + 1% aloe vera (G2A1), were produced. Parameters such as weight loss, pH, firmness, color, microbiological, and sensory attributes were analyzed to evaluate these features. Our results showed that aloe vera and edible gelatin coatings are capable of efficiently maintaining the physico-chemical, microbiological, and sensory properties of button mushrooms. The lower microbial counts, including mesophilic bacteria, yeasts, and molds in treated samples during storage, could be due to the coating containing Shirazi thyme essential oil nanoemulsion. Regarding the efficient role of aloe vera coating (3%) in preventing the growth of microorganisms and maintaining the sensory properties of samples, this treatment could be a promis-ing technique for the preservation of button mushrooms and other vegetables and fruits.
{"title":"Single-to-combined effects of gelatin and aloe vera incorporated with Shirazi thyme essential oil nanoemulsion on shelf-life quality of button mushroom","authors":"M. Moosavi‐Nasab, Bahram Behroozi, Hadi Hashemi Gahruie, Samad Tavakoli","doi":"10.15586/qas.v15i2.1241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15586/qas.v15i2.1241","url":null,"abstract":"Button mushrooms are considered one of the most sensitive agricultural products due to the mechanical damages that can significantly decrease their quality and color. Our study aimed to evaluate the effect of aloe vera and gelatin edible coatings containing Shirazi thyme essential oil nanoemulsion on the shelf life, enzymatic browning, physicochemical, microbiological, textural, and sensorial properties of a button mushroom. Seven samples, including the control (C) and those coated with 1% gelatin (G1), 3% gelatin (G3), 1% aloe vera (A1), 3% aloe vera (A3), 1% gelatin + 2% aloe vera (G1A2), and 2% gelatin + 1% aloe vera (G2A1), were produced. Parameters such as weight loss, pH, firmness, color, microbiological, and sensory attributes were analyzed to evaluate these features. Our results showed that aloe vera and edible gelatin coatings are capable of efficiently maintaining the physico-chemical, microbiological, and sensory properties of button mushrooms. The lower microbial counts, including mesophilic bacteria, yeasts, and molds in treated samples during storage, could be due to the coating containing Shirazi thyme essential oil nanoemulsion. Regarding the efficient role of aloe vera coating (3%) in preventing the growth of microorganisms and maintaining the sensory properties of samples, this treatment could be a promis-ing technique for the preservation of button mushrooms and other vegetables and fruits.","PeriodicalId":20738,"journal":{"name":"Quality Assurance and Safety of Crops & Foods","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80865643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tu-lin Lu, Zhi-jun Guo, Xiaoman Li, Peng Chen, Y. Li, Jiu-ba Zhang, Chunqin Mao, Di Ji, Lian-lin Su, Bo Gao, Tu-lin Lu
Polygonatum sibiricum is a traditional Chinese medicinal and food homologous substance, usually used after processing with yellow wine. However, its main active ingredient, polysaccharide, has been less studied after wine processing. This study aimed to investigate the effect of Polygonatum polysaccharides after wine processing on the function of immunosuppressed mice and its related mechanisms. The yellow wine processed Polygonatum (YWPP) polysaccharides were extracted by the water extraction alcohol precipitation method. BALB/c mice were used to establish the immunosuppressive animal model with cyclophosphamide (CTX). The immunomodulatory effect of the YWPP polysaccharides Interleukin 2, interferon γ, immunoglobulin A, Immunoglobulin M, T lymphocyte subsets, and other indexes were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, flow cytometry, and other technologies. To study the mechanism of immunomodulation of polysaccharides, 16s rDNA sequencing and Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS) were used to analyze the changes of intestinal microbiota composition, diversity, and the content of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). The Spearman method was used to analyze the correlation between gut microbiota and various immune indexes and SCFAs. The results showed that the YWPP polysaccharides could significantly restore the body weight of immunosuppressed mice, improve the spleen and thymus, and regulate peripheral blood cell values. The YWPP polysaccharides can also effectively promote Interleukin 2, interferon γ, immunoglobulin A, and immunoglobulin M in immunosuppressed mice and regulate the expression of immune-related indexes. The YWPP polysaccharides promoted the production of SCFAs, significantly regulated the relative abundance of norank_f__norank_o__RF39, Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group, norank_f__ UCG-010, and norank_f__norank_o__Clostridia_UCG-014; reversed CTX-induced metabolic abnormalities of mouse gut microbiota; and normalized them. Spearman correlation analysis showed that the relative abundance of gut microbiota was significantly correlated with various immune indices and SCFAs. In conclusion, the YWPP polysaccharides can improve the immune function of CTX-induced immunocompromised mice, promote cytokine upregulation and the relative abundance of immune-related beneficial bacteria in mice, and regulate the gut microbiota, thereby regulating host immunity. The results of this study will provide a theoretical basis for the practical application of the YWPP polysaccharides, health product development, and diversified product development.
{"title":"Effects of wine processed Polygonatum polysaccharides on immunomodulatory effects and intestinal microecology in mice","authors":"Tu-lin Lu, Zhi-jun Guo, Xiaoman Li, Peng Chen, Y. Li, Jiu-ba Zhang, Chunqin Mao, Di Ji, Lian-lin Su, Bo Gao, Tu-lin Lu","doi":"10.15586/qas.v15i2.1227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15586/qas.v15i2.1227","url":null,"abstract":"Polygonatum sibiricum is a traditional Chinese medicinal and food homologous substance, usually used after processing with yellow wine. However, its main active ingredient, polysaccharide, has been less studied after wine processing. This study aimed to investigate the effect of Polygonatum polysaccharides after wine processing on the function of immunosuppressed mice and its related mechanisms. The yellow wine processed Polygonatum (YWPP) polysaccharides were extracted by the water extraction alcohol precipitation method. BALB/c mice were used to establish the immunosuppressive animal model with cyclophosphamide (CTX). The immunomodulatory effect of the YWPP polysaccharides Interleukin 2, interferon γ, immunoglobulin A, Immunoglobulin M, T lymphocyte subsets, and other indexes were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, flow cytometry, and other technologies. To study the mechanism of immunomodulation of polysaccharides, 16s rDNA sequencing and Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS) were used to analyze the changes of intestinal microbiota composition, diversity, and the content of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). The Spearman method was used to analyze the correlation between gut microbiota and various immune indexes and SCFAs. The results showed that the YWPP polysaccharides could significantly restore the body weight of immunosuppressed mice, improve the spleen and thymus, and regulate peripheral blood cell values. The YWPP polysaccharides can also effectively promote Interleukin 2, interferon γ, immunoglobulin A, and immunoglobulin M in immunosuppressed mice and regulate the expression of immune-related indexes. The YWPP polysaccharides promoted the production of SCFAs, significantly regulated the relative abundance of norank_f__norank_o__RF39, Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group, norank_f__ UCG-010, and norank_f__norank_o__Clostridia_UCG-014; reversed CTX-induced metabolic abnormalities of mouse gut microbiota; and normalized them. Spearman correlation analysis showed that the relative abundance of gut microbiota was significantly correlated with various immune indices and SCFAs. In conclusion, the YWPP polysaccharides can improve the immune function of CTX-induced immunocompromised mice, promote cytokine upregulation and the relative abundance of immune-related beneficial bacteria in mice, and regulate the gut microbiota, thereby regulating host immunity. The results of this study will provide a theoretical basis for the practical application of the YWPP polysaccharides, health product development, and diversified product development.","PeriodicalId":20738,"journal":{"name":"Quality Assurance and Safety of Crops & Foods","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82883113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Water is a finite resource necessary for life and sustainable development. Ethiopia has considerable potential for freshwater resources in East Africa. All living beings depend on water for growth and upkeep, and it is essential for supporting environmental balance and biodiversity. Ethiopia does not able to offer clean water to half of its population, and it does not make good use of its water resources. Many Ethiopians who live in urban areas strug-gle to have access to a consistent and adequate quantity of drinking water. Only a small number of city dwellers have access to enough of clean water. Both human activity and natural events may contaminate water. In develop-ing nations, a major concern for public health and water security is the degradation of quality of water brought on by human activities and weak enforcement. The effectiveness of policies and institutional frameworks to address pollution, as well as their effects on the ecological status and biota of rivers, are little understood in spite of growing pollution levels in many tropical African nations. This article focuses on giving an outline of the reasons for Ethiopia’s water pollution and ways to stop it.
{"title":"Causes, negative effects, and preventive methods of water pollution in Ethiopia","authors":"Alemu Talema","doi":"10.15586/qas.v15i2.1271","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15586/qas.v15i2.1271","url":null,"abstract":"Water is a finite resource necessary for life and sustainable development. Ethiopia has considerable potential for freshwater resources in East Africa. All living beings depend on water for growth and upkeep, and it is essential for supporting environmental balance and biodiversity. Ethiopia does not able to offer clean water to half of its population, and it does not make good use of its water resources. Many Ethiopians who live in urban areas strug-gle to have access to a consistent and adequate quantity of drinking water. Only a small number of city dwellers have access to enough of clean water. Both human activity and natural events may contaminate water. In develop-ing nations, a major concern for public health and water security is the degradation of quality of water brought on by human activities and weak enforcement. The effectiveness of policies and institutional frameworks to address pollution, as well as their effects on the ecological status and biota of rivers, are little understood in spite of growing pollution levels in many tropical African nations. This article focuses on giving an outline of the reasons for Ethiopia’s water pollution and ways to stop it.","PeriodicalId":20738,"journal":{"name":"Quality Assurance and Safety of Crops & Foods","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80306553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Temperature plays a crucial role in the storage of meat. Low temperature effectively slows down the growth rate of microorganisms and enzymatic activity that causes meat spoilage. Frozen storage of meat allows consumers to choose meat’s date of consumption during storage without losing its sensory quality. This work is committed to the effects of freezing and refrigeration on quality and safety of food. The study aims to determine whether different frozen storage temperatures and duration affect the quality of raw goose meat and its processing characteristics after thawing. This information could be a valuable contribution to the scientific literature concerning storage of meat. The focus was on goose meat and sausages. The meat was frozen in three independent runs for 3 and 6 months at -20°C and -70°C. The thawed meat was subjected to physicochemical and microbiological analyses and then turned into raw sausages. Frozen meat sausages showed significantly higher thiobarbituric acid (TBA) values after 2 and 4 weeks of the experiment, compared to the control group. Frozen storage also reduced the growth of Pseudomonas spp. and Enterobacteriaceae for all storage temperatures. Findings of the present study could be used to preserve quality and taste of products during meat processing.
{"title":"Physicochemical and microbiological analysis of goose meat","authors":"","doi":"10.15586/qas.v15i2.1200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15586/qas.v15i2.1200","url":null,"abstract":"Temperature plays a crucial role in the storage of meat. Low temperature effectively slows down the growth rate of microorganisms and enzymatic activity that causes meat spoilage. Frozen storage of meat allows consumers to choose meat’s date of consumption during storage without losing its sensory quality. This work is committed to the effects of freezing and refrigeration on quality and safety of food. The study aims to determine whether different frozen storage temperatures and duration affect the quality of raw goose meat and its processing characteristics after thawing. This information could be a valuable contribution to the scientific literature concerning storage of meat. The focus was on goose meat and sausages. The meat was frozen in three independent runs for 3 and 6 months at -20°C and -70°C. The thawed meat was subjected to physicochemical and microbiological analyses and then turned into raw sausages. Frozen meat sausages showed significantly higher thiobarbituric acid (TBA) values after 2 and 4 weeks of the experiment, compared to the control group. Frozen storage also reduced the growth of Pseudomonas spp. and Enterobacteriaceae for all storage temperatures. Findings of the present study could be used to preserve quality and taste of products during meat processing.\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":20738,"journal":{"name":"Quality Assurance and Safety of Crops & Foods","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90214694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (CIR) seriously affects human health and life as it is accompanied by inflammation and apoptosis in brain tissues. Tubeimoside I (TBMS-1) can inhibit neuroinflammation and has neuroprotective effects; however, its effects on ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury of the brain requires clarity. A mouse cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion model was used to simulate CIR injury. The neurological function and the area of cerebral infarction were assessed by 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining. Tumor necrosis factor-α, Interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and IL-10 levels were measured by enzyme-linked-immunosorbent serologic assay kits. Protein blot analysis was performed to assess the expression of apoptosis-related factors. In addition, PC12 (pheo-chromocytoma) cells were treated with oxygen–glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) to establish an in vitro model of CIR injury. The cell viability was measured by cell counting kit-8 assay, and apoptosis levels were detected by flow cytometry. In vivo results indicated that Tubeimoside I reduced cerebral infarct size, decreased inflammatory factor content, inhibited the expression of apoptosis-related factors, including Bax and cleaved-caspase-3 (Asp175), and promoted the expression of survival factor, such as B-cell lymphoma protein 2. In vitro, Tubeimoside I was able to increase cell viability and inhibit apoptosis. Mechanistically, Tubeimoside I was able to enhance both in vivo and in vitro expressions of NAD-dependent deacetylase sirtuin-3 (SIRT3). SIRT3 inhibitor abolished the protective effect of Tubeimoside I on OGD/R-treated cells. Tubeimoside I lessened CIR injury by activating SIRT3. Hence, it could be a potential drug candidate for treating IR injury of the brain.
{"title":"Tubeimoside I ameliorates cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury through activating SIRT3","authors":"Shaoyue Huang, Zhen Hong, Kuo Li","doi":"10.15586/qas.v15i2.1263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15586/qas.v15i2.1263","url":null,"abstract":"Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (CIR) seriously affects human health and life as it is accompanied by inflammation and apoptosis in brain tissues. Tubeimoside I (TBMS-1) can inhibit neuroinflammation and has neuroprotective effects; however, its effects on ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury of the brain requires clarity. A mouse cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion model was used to simulate CIR injury. The neurological function and the area of cerebral infarction were assessed by 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining. Tumor necrosis factor-α, Interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and IL-10 levels were measured by enzyme-linked-immunosorbent serologic assay kits. Protein blot analysis was performed to assess the expression of apoptosis-related factors. In addition, PC12 (pheo-chromocytoma) cells were treated with oxygen–glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) to establish an in vitro model of CIR injury. The cell viability was measured by cell counting kit-8 assay, and apoptosis levels were detected by flow cytometry. In vivo results indicated that Tubeimoside I reduced cerebral infarct size, decreased inflammatory factor content, inhibited the expression of apoptosis-related factors, including Bax and cleaved-caspase-3 (Asp175), and promoted the expression of survival factor, such as B-cell lymphoma protein 2. In vitro, Tubeimoside I was able to increase cell viability and inhibit apoptosis. Mechanistically, Tubeimoside I was able to enhance both in vivo and in vitro expressions of NAD-dependent deacetylase sirtuin-3 (SIRT3). SIRT3 inhibitor abolished the protective effect of Tubeimoside I on OGD/R-treated cells. Tubeimoside I lessened CIR injury by activating SIRT3. Hence, it could be a potential drug candidate for treating IR injury of the brain.","PeriodicalId":20738,"journal":{"name":"Quality Assurance and Safety of Crops & Foods","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90408805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Auengploy Chailangka, N. Leksawasdi, Warintorn Ruksiriwanich, K. Jantanasakulwong, P. Rachtanapun, S. Sommano, A. Khaneghah, J. Castagnini, F. Barba, Anbarasu Kumar, Y. Phimolsiripol
Dairy products play a crucial role in ensuring healthy lives and promoting the well-being of people. However, they normally contain high levels of saturated fat and cholesterol which are related to the risk of noncommunicable diseases and other health issues. Our review focuses on the effectiveness of added natural ingredients and probi-otics in dairy products for replacing or lowering cholesterol and saturated fat. This narrative review was concep-tualized to describe: (i) natural ingredients for cholesterol and saturated fat substitution, and (ii) probiotics for lowering both cholesterol and saturated fat. Promising techniques for cholesterol and saturated fat replacement by healthy plant oils, carbohydrate, and protein co-products and their effect on product qualities are discussed. In addition, various probiotics inoculated in dairy products exhibiting effect on saturated fat and cholesterol are also addressed.
{"title":"Natural ingredients and probiotics for lowering cholesterol and saturated fat in dairy products","authors":"Auengploy Chailangka, N. Leksawasdi, Warintorn Ruksiriwanich, K. Jantanasakulwong, P. Rachtanapun, S. Sommano, A. Khaneghah, J. Castagnini, F. Barba, Anbarasu Kumar, Y. Phimolsiripol","doi":"10.15586/qas.v15i2.1269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15586/qas.v15i2.1269","url":null,"abstract":"Dairy products play a crucial role in ensuring healthy lives and promoting the well-being of people. However, they normally contain high levels of saturated fat and cholesterol which are related to the risk of noncommunicable diseases and other health issues. Our review focuses on the effectiveness of added natural ingredients and probi-otics in dairy products for replacing or lowering cholesterol and saturated fat. This narrative review was concep-tualized to describe: (i) natural ingredients for cholesterol and saturated fat substitution, and (ii) probiotics for lowering both cholesterol and saturated fat. Promising techniques for cholesterol and saturated fat replacement by healthy plant oils, carbohydrate, and protein co-products and their effect on product qualities are discussed. In addition, various probiotics inoculated in dairy products exhibiting effect on saturated fat and cholesterol are also addressed.","PeriodicalId":20738,"journal":{"name":"Quality Assurance and Safety of Crops & Foods","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83916111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present investigation was intended to utilize protein isolates from forage legumes as unconventional protein ingredients for the development of protein-enriched wheat-based cookies. Alfalfa and dhaincha protein isolates (API and DPI) were supplemented at levels of 2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10%, and the effect of supplementation was eva-lauted on the quality attributes, nutritional composition, amino acid profile, and bioactive potential of cookies. The baking loss, water activity, and spreading (except for 10% API and 5% DPI) decreased, whereas the hardness increased with the increase in supplementation level and the effect was more pronounced with the supplementa-tion of DPI. The non-enzymatic browning index showed that it was not affected by the supplementation. DPI-supplemented cookies showed a color change, whereas no change in the color was observed in API-supplemented cookies. Cookies maintained good sensorial characteristics up to the supplementation of 10% API and 5% DPI and higher supplementation of DPI comprised all the sensorial attributes. Supplementation with protein isolates also enhanced the protein and essential amino acid content, total phenols, flavonoids, and antioxidant activity of the cookies.
{"title":"Quality characteristics, amino acid composition, and bioactive potential of wheat cookies protein-enriched with unconventional legume protein isolates","authors":"P. Sahni, Savita Sharma","doi":"10.15586/qas.v15i2.1160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15586/qas.v15i2.1160","url":null,"abstract":"The present investigation was intended to utilize protein isolates from forage legumes as unconventional protein ingredients for the development of protein-enriched wheat-based cookies. Alfalfa and dhaincha protein isolates (API and DPI) were supplemented at levels of 2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10%, and the effect of supplementation was eva-lauted on the quality attributes, nutritional composition, amino acid profile, and bioactive potential of cookies. The baking loss, water activity, and spreading (except for 10% API and 5% DPI) decreased, whereas the hardness increased with the increase in supplementation level and the effect was more pronounced with the supplementa-tion of DPI. The non-enzymatic browning index showed that it was not affected by the supplementation. DPI-supplemented cookies showed a color change, whereas no change in the color was observed in API-supplemented cookies. Cookies maintained good sensorial characteristics up to the supplementation of 10% API and 5% DPI and higher supplementation of DPI comprised all the sensorial attributes. Supplementation with protein isolates also enhanced the protein and essential amino acid content, total phenols, flavonoids, and antioxidant activity of the cookies.","PeriodicalId":20738,"journal":{"name":"Quality Assurance and Safety of Crops & Foods","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73399584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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