Psychiatrike = Psychiatriki最新文献

We aimed to examine and compare the attitudes of physicians and law professionals on modern bioethical issues. Euthanasia, physician assisted suicide and abortion were selected for this study, as they underline the conflict between human life as a fundamental value, and the individual's right to self-determination. The demand of euthanasia and physician assisted suicide services reflects each person's right to decide on the way their life will end, while the legalization of abortion determines the individual's right to self-determination. These are complex issues with moral, religious and social implications, and as such tend to divide public opinion. In order to investigate their attitudes, physicians of all specialties, as well as law professionals from all over Greece, were invited to participate in the study. In total, 220 professionals responded to the call and participated in the survey. The professionals involved showed fairly high rates of agreement in all the issues studied, but a significant difference in results was found when the occupation of participants was set as a criterion, with physicians being more negative to euthanasia, physician assisted suicide and abortion than lawyers. Religiousness, age and male sex were negatively correlated with "positive" attitudes towards euthanasia, physician assisted suicide and abortion. Moreover, participants' attitudes towards euthanasia and physician assisted suicide were found to predict their attitudes towards abortion, indicating a single ideological direction of agreement or disagreement, accordingly. Individuals' attitudes and opinions are complicated issues, not easy to be categorized. However, it is of scientific interest to shape a legislative framework that is close to the social consensus, ideological evolution and moral needs. This study tried to pave the way for a modern approach to the issues of euthanasia, physician assisted suicide and abortion.

Family is very important for development of children. Divorce is a life event with a high level of stress for the entire family. Children are dependent on parents and disadvantaged during divorce because it is out of their control.1 Herein, we present our observations about children whose parents separated or divorced to increase the awareness of physicians about the negative effects of divorce. Individuals affected by parental divorce have a higher risk of developing a variety of mental health conditions including emotional and behavioral disorders, poor school performance, depression, anxiety, suicidal ideation, suicide attempt, distress, smoking and substance abuse.2,3 Externalizing problems in girls precede and predict later parental divorce. Post-divorce problems in children vary by raters, and may depend on the time lapse since divorce.4 Lansford et al 5 noted that early parental divorce/separation is more negatively related to trajectories of internalizing and externalizing problems than is later divorce/separation, whereas later divorce/separation is more negatively related to grades. In another study, divorce in parents was significantly associated with higher alcohol use disorder, higher cigarette dependence and higher water pipe dependence in adolescents.6 In the study of Tullius et al 7 the levels of both internalizing and externalizing problems were significantly higher in the period after parental divorce, but not in the period before divorce, with a persistent and increasing effect over the follow-up periods compared to adolescents not experiencing divorce. Zeratsion et al 8 reported that parental divorce in late adolescence does not lead to mental health problems, as has been shown before, while such problems may prevail among young adolescents. This does not mean that parental divorce creates less problems in late adolescence than before but these youths might have developed adjustment abilities against health effects as divorce have turned to be more common. In our clinical practice, we have also observed various emotional, behavioral, psychosomatic, and conversion disorders in children, particularly in preadolescents and adolescents, before and/or after a separation or divorce of parents. Children often lack information and skills to overcome the challenges that the divorce carries. Conflicting relationships between parents make up the biggest obstacle that makes it difficult for a child to successfully deal with changes in the family. Even though parents deal with heavy feelings, it is desirable to put them the child and his interests in the first place. In order to stabilize the family system, 2 to 4 years are usually needed.1 Physicians can assist families by providing support and advice, and advocating for children within systems that serve separating families. Physicians can provide information so that individuals who work with such children recognize, and are sensitive to, their individual needs, and provide support