Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging最新文献_第6页

Cognitive modes underlying attentional control deficits in schizophrenia: A functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study 精神分裂症患者注意力控制缺陷的认知模式：一项功能性磁共振成像（fMRI）研究。

IF 2.1 4区医学 Q3 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY

Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging

Pub Date : 2025-12-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.112105

Ava Momeni , Paul Metzak , Madeleine Evora , Aida Momeni , Amber Lu , Helen Hsiao , Todd S. Woodward

The current functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study examined the anatomical and functional patterns associated with attentional control deficits in schizophrenia. Participants completed a trivalent task switching paradigm in which they alternatively completed three tasks (i.e., identify colour, parity, or letter case), while viewing stimuli with one (univalent), two (bivalent), or three (trivalent) dimension(s). This required participants to counteract their attentional capture by biasing their attention away from up to two task-irrelevant dimensions. Three cognitive modes emerged via constrained principal component analysis (CPCA): (1) Multiple Demand (MD), (2) Language (LAN), and (3) Default Mode B (DM-B). Relative to neurotypical participants, patients with schizophrenia showed impaired task performance, muted but sustained activation of the MD mode, hypoactivation of the LAN mode, and hyperdeactivation of the DM-B mode. Moreover, the muted and sustained activation of the MD mode was associated with higher scores on hallucinations and delusions, while the hypoactivation of the LAN mode and the hyperdeactivation of the DM-B mode were associated with higher scores on poverty of speech and flattened affect. Thus, attentional biasing impairments in schizophrenia may reflect reduced engagement of task-positive MD and LAN modes and excessive suppression of task-negative DM-B mode, with mode-specific associations to symptom severity.

目前的功能性磁共振成像（fMRI）研究检查了与精神分裂症患者注意力控制缺陷相关的解剖和功能模式。参与者完成了一个三价任务切换范式，他们交替完成三个任务（即识别颜色、奇偶性或字母大小写），同时观看一个（一元）、两个（二价）或三个（三价）维度的刺激。这要求参与者通过将注意力从两个与任务无关的维度上转移来抵消他们的注意力捕获。通过约束主成分分析（CPCA）发现了三种认知模式：(1)多元需求（MD），(2)语言（LAN）和(3)默认模式B （DM-B）。与神经正常的参与者相比，精神分裂症患者表现出任务表现受损，轻度但持续的MD模式激活，LAN模式低激活和DM-B模式过度失活。此外，MD模式的沉默和持续激活与幻觉和妄想得分较高有关，而LAN模式的失活和DM-B模式的过度失活与语言贫乏和扁平情感得分较高有关。因此，精神分裂症患者的注意偏倚障碍可能反映了任务阳性MD和LAN模式的参与减少以及任务阴性DM-B模式的过度抑制，并且与症状严重程度有模式特异性关联。

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引用次数: 0

High-definition transcranial direct current stimulation enhances empathy-related cerebellar centrality in patients with schizophrenia 高清晰度经颅直流电刺激增强精神分裂症患者的移情相关小脑中心性

IF 2.1 4区医学 Q3 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY

Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging

Pub Date : 2025-12-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.112104

Yanzhen Zhao , Yunchen Gong , Xiaoqiao Chen , Gangqiang Hou , Yongjie Zhou , Zhifeng Zhou , Xia Liu

Objective

This double-blind randomized controlled trial aimed to investigate the effects of high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS) on degree centrality (DC) in the cerebellum and empathy in patients with schizophrenia.

Methods

Forty-five patients with schizophrenia were randomly assigned to either active stimulation group (n=24) or sham stimulation group (n=21). Both groups underwent HD-tDCS targeting the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). Resting-state fMRI scan, the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and Chinese version of the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI-C) were applied at baseline and post-intervention. Degree centrality (DC) analysis and functional connectivity (FC) analysis were performed to identify changes in brain. Correlations between neural and behavioral alterations were examined.

Results

After intervention, the active stimulation group showed a significant increase in DC in the right posterior cerebellum compared with their own baseline, whereas no such change was observed in the sham group. Exploratory analysis revealed enhanced FC between the right posterior cerebellum and right hippocampus in the active group post-intervention. Clinically, the active group exhibited significant reductions in total PANSS scores and positive symptom scores relative to baseline. A potential positive correlation was noted between the increased right posterior cerebellar DC and improved empathetic concern in the active group.

Conclusion

HD-tDCS over the left DLPFC emerges as a promising targeted intervention for schizophrenia, capable of modulating cerebellar functional integration (as reflected by improved DC) and alleviating clinical symptoms.

目的探讨高清晰度经颅直流电刺激（HD-tDCS）对精神分裂症患者小脑度中心性（DC）和共情功能的影响。方法45例精神分裂症患者随机分为积极刺激组（n=24）和假刺激组（n=21）。两组均接受了针对左背外侧前额叶皮层（DLPFC）的HD-tDCS。静息状态fMRI扫描、正负综合征量表（PANSS）和中文版人际反应指数（IRI-C）分别在基线和干预后应用。通过度中心性（DC）分析和功能连通性（FC）分析来确定大脑的变化。研究人员检查了神经和行为改变之间的相关性。结果干预后，主动刺激组右小脑后区DC较自身基线明显增加，而假手术组无明显变化。探索性分析显示，干预后积极组右后小脑和右海马之间的FC增强。临床方面，与基线相比，活跃组的PANSS总分和阳性症状评分均显著降低。活跃组右脑后区直流电的增加与移情关注的改善之间存在潜在的正相关。结论左侧DLPFC上的hd - tdcs能够调节小脑功能整合（通过改善DC反映）并缓解临床症状，是一种有希望的精神分裂症靶向干预措施。

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引用次数: 0

Neural correlates of self-advantage effect in mental time travel in individuals with high levels of schizotypal traits: A resting-state functional connectivity study 高水平分裂型人格个体心理时间旅行中自我优势效应的神经关联：静息状态功能连通性研究

IF 2.1 4区医学 Q3 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY

Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging

Pub Date : 2025-12-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.112108

Jun-yan Ye , Yu-qi Yang , Xu-chen Yu , Jia-li Liu , Xiao-jing Qin , Ji-fang Cui , Hai-song Shi , Tian-xiao Yang , Ya Wang

Aim

Mental time travel (MTT) is a cognitive capacity to mentally re-experience past events and anticipate future possibilities. Self-related MTT events have stronger vividness and sense of experience than events related to others, i.e., the “self-advantage effect”. This effect is diminished in individuals with high schizotypal traits (HST) who are at risk for schizophrenia. However, the neural correlates of this effect remain unclear. The present study aimed to examine this issue through resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI).

Methods

Thirty-nine individuals with HST and 38 individuals with low schizotypal traits (LST) were recruited. They completed the self/other-related MTT task and underwent rs-fMRI scanning.

Results

In HST, the “self-advantage effect” on specificity was positively correlated with functional connectivity (FC) between the right precuneus and bilateral frontal pole, left temporal pole, and the posterior cingulate cortex, whereas this association was negative in individuals with LST. Additionally, the “self-advantage effect” on emotional intensity was negatively associated with FC between the left precuneus and middle cingulate cortex in HST, but positively associated in LST.

Conclusions

People with HST have altered association patterns between the “self-advantage effect” in MTT and resting-state FC. The “self-advantage effect” in MTT may be a potential target for intervention in the schizophrenia spectrum.

AimMental time travel （MTT）是一种从心理上重新体验过去事件并预测未来可能性的认知能力。自我相关的MTT事件比他人相关的事件具有更强的生动性和体验感，即“自我优势效应”。这种影响在具有高分裂型特征（HST）的个体中减弱，这些个体有患精神分裂症的风险。然而，这种影响的神经关联尚不清楚。本研究旨在通过静息状态功能磁共振成像（rs-fMRI）来研究这一问题。方法选取39例高分裂型人格（HST）和38例低分裂型人格（LST）。他们完成了自我/他人相关的MTT任务，并进行了磁共振成像扫描。结果在HST中，特异性的“自我优势效应”与右侧楔前叶与双侧额极、左侧颞极和后扣带皮层之间的功能连接（FC）呈正相关，而在LST个体中呈负相关。此外，情绪强度的“自我优势效应”与HST左楔前叶和中扣带皮层之间的FC呈负相关，而与LST呈正相关。结论HST患者在MTT中的“自我优势效应”与静息状态FC的关联模式发生改变。MTT中的“自我优势效应”可能是精神分裂症谱系干预的潜在目标。

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引用次数: 0

Interhemispheric auditory tract microstructure in autism spectrum disorder: A diffusion tensor study 自闭症谱系障碍的半球间听道微结构：扩散张量的研究

IF 2.1 4区医学 Q3 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY

Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging

Pub Date : 2025-12-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.112106

Josie S Long , Toshikazu Ikuta

Background

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) involves social communication differences and may include sensory or auditory-processing differences. The interhemispheric auditory pathway remains understudied.

Methods

Diffusion tensor imaging from ABIDE was analyzed. The interhemispheric auditory tract was reconstructed with probabilistic tractography and diffusion metrics were compared between ASD and matched controls.

Results

Probabilistic tractography results from 48 ASD and 38 control participants were analyzed. The ASD group showed lower fractional anisotropy and higher radial diffusivity within the tract than controls, consistent with weaker microstructural coherence and myelin-related differences.

Limitations

Secondary multi-site data without harmonization; no behavioral measures of auditory sensitivity or impulsivity for correlation.

Conclusions

Interhemispheric auditory connectivity differs in ASD and may contribute to speech perception and communication challenges, supporting the tract’s relevance as a potential psychiatry-facing biomarker.

自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）涉及社会沟通差异，可能包括感觉或听觉处理差异。大脑半球间的听觉通路仍未得到充分研究。方法对红外弥散张量成像进行分析。用概率听道造影重建大脑半球间听道，并比较ASD与匹配对照组的扩散指标。结果分析了48例ASD患者和38例对照组患者的概率肛管造影结果。与对照组相比，ASD组表现出较低的分数各向异性和较高的径向扩散率，这与较弱的微结构一致性和髓鞘相关差异相一致。限制：没有统一的二次多站点数据；没有听觉敏感性和冲动性相关的行为测量。结论ASD患者的半球听觉连通性不同，可能导致言语感知和沟通障碍，支持该通道作为潜在的精神疾病生物标志物的相关性。

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引用次数: 0

Effect of computerized cognitive training on P300 ERP impairments in Indian patients with schizophrenia 电脑化认知训练对印度精神分裂症患者P300 ERP损伤的影响。

IF 2.1 4区医学 Q3 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY

Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging

Pub Date : 2025-12-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.112107

Jaskirat Singh , Sukhwinder Singh , Savita Gupta , Navneet Kaur

This study investigates the neurophysiological effects of a 3-month computerized Cognitive Training (CT) program on P300 Event-Related Potential (ERP) abnormalities in Indian patients with chronic schizophrenia. Twenty-nine patients were enrolled from the DART facility at GMCH, Chandigarh, and randomized into CT or Treatment-As-Usual (TAU) groups. Participants in the CT group underwent structured cognitive retraining sessions targeting domain-specific deficits, while TAU participants continued routine clinical care. ERP data were recorded via a visual oddball paradigm, and processed using EEGLAB and ERPLAB. Time-frequency decomposition was performed using Discrete and Continuous Wavelet Transforms to assess spectral dynamics. Statistical analysis revealed a significant Treatment × Time interaction for P300 latency at the frontal (Fz) region (F = 5.095, p = 0.034), indicating a notable reduction in cognitive processing delay in the CT group. This latency reduction was significantly correlated with improvements in neuropsychological measures of processing speed. However, no significant interaction was found for P300 amplitude, suggesting limited modulation of attentional resource allocation. Spectral analysis further revealed an increase in theta power within the P300 latency window post-training in the CT group, potentially supporting enhanced cognitive engagement. Conversely, elevated alpha synchronization during task performance indicated ongoing difficulties in neural suppression mechanisms under attentional load. No significant changes were observed in overall band power across groups. These findings suggest that while short-term CT can enhance processing speed in schizophrenia, attention deficits may persist. Longer and more intensive cognitive remediation protocols may be necessary to achieve broader cognitive and electrophysiological improvements.

本研究探讨了为期3个月的计算机认知训练（CT）项目对印度慢性精神分裂症患者P300事件相关电位（ERP）异常的神经生理影响。从昌迪加尔GMCH的DART设施中招募了29名患者，并随机分为CT组或常规治疗组（TAU）。CT组的参与者接受了针对特定领域缺陷的结构化认知再训练，而TAU组的参与者继续进行常规临床护理。ERP数据通过视觉奇球范式记录，并使用EEGLAB和ERPLAB进行处理。采用离散小波变换和连续小波变换进行时频分解来评估频谱动力学。统计分析显示，治疗×时间对额叶区P300潜伏期有显著的交互作用（F = 5.095, p = 0.034），表明CT组认知加工延迟显著降低。这种潜伏期的减少与处理速度的神经心理学测量的改善显著相关。然而，P300振幅没有发现显著的相互作用，表明注意资源分配的调节有限。频谱分析进一步显示，CT组训练后P300潜伏期窗口内的θ波功率增加，可能支持增强的认知参与。相反，任务执行过程中α同步的升高表明注意负荷下神经抑制机制的持续困难。各组间的总频带功率未见显著变化。这些发现表明，虽然短期CT可以提高精神分裂症患者的处理速度，但注意力缺陷可能会持续存在。为了实现更广泛的认知和电生理改善，可能需要更长时间和更密集的认知修复方案。

{"title":"Effect of computerized cognitive training on P300 ERP impairments in Indian patients with schizophrenia","authors":"Jaskirat Singh , Sukhwinder Singh , Savita Gupta , Navneet Kaur","doi":"10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.112107","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.112107","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the neurophysiological effects of a 3-month computerized Cognitive Training (CT) program on P300 Event-Related Potential (ERP) abnormalities in Indian patients with chronic schizophrenia. Twenty-nine patients were enrolled from the DART facility at GMCH, Chandigarh, and randomized into CT or Treatment-As-Usual (TAU) groups. Participants in the CT group underwent structured cognitive retraining sessions targeting domain-specific deficits, while TAU participants continued routine clinical care. ERP data were recorded via a visual oddball paradigm, and processed using EEGLAB and ERPLAB. Time-frequency decomposition was performed using Discrete and Continuous Wavelet Transforms to assess spectral dynamics. Statistical analysis revealed a significant Treatment × Time interaction for P300 latency at the frontal (Fz) region (<em>F</em> = 5.095, <em>p</em> = 0.034), indicating a notable reduction in cognitive processing delay in the CT group. This latency reduction was significantly correlated with improvements in neuropsychological measures of processing speed. However, no significant interaction was found for P300 amplitude, suggesting limited modulation of attentional resource allocation. Spectral analysis further revealed an increase in theta power within the P300 latency window post-training in the CT group, potentially supporting enhanced cognitive engagement. Conversely, elevated alpha synchronization during task performance indicated ongoing difficulties in neural suppression mechanisms under attentional load. No significant changes were observed in overall band power across groups. These findings suggest that while short-term CT can enhance processing speed in schizophrenia, attention deficits may persist. Longer and more intensive cognitive remediation protocols may be necessary to achieve broader cognitive and electrophysiological improvements.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20776,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging","volume":"356 ","pages":"Article 112107"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145757504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Parietal lobe and thalamic nuclei volumetry in first-episode psychosis: Relation with trauma in a paired sibling study 首发精神病的顶叶和丘脑核体积测定：与兄弟姐妹创伤的关系。

IF 2.1 4区医学 Q3 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY

Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging

Pub Date : 2025-12-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.112096

A Postiguillo , M Gadea , MJ Escarti , M Perez-Rando , G García-Martí , J Nacher

Volumetric changes in the parietal lobe of patients with first-episode psychosis (FEP) remain underexplored, despite previous studies suggesting some structural abnormalities in this region. This cortical area, connected to the thalamus, is part of networks that have been linked to cognitive impairments in the schizophrenia spectrum. In this study, we processed structural MRI images using FreeSurfer to investigate the parietal cortex and thalamic nuclei in a cohort of 30 participants across three groups: 10 FEP patients, 10 unaffected siblings, and 10 matched healthy controls. We also examined whether traumatic experiences influenced volumetry in these regions. Notable differences were found in several parietal regions between patients and siblings compared to controls, with patients and siblings showing more similar volumetry. The left superior parietal gyrus exhibited a notable gradient of differences, suggesting a potential biomarker for distinguishing the groups. Significant volumetric differences were also observed in the anteroventral, medial geniculate, and ventral lateral thalamic nuclei. Additionally, a direct correlation was found between reduced gray matter volume in the left superior parietal gyrus and childhood trauma experience. These findings highlight the importance of studying parietal areas and considering genetic and environmental factors in future research.

尽管先前的研究表明该区域存在一些结构异常，但首次发作精神病（FEP）患者顶叶的体积变化仍未得到充分研究。这个与丘脑相连的皮质区域是与精神分裂症谱系中的认知障碍有关的网络的一部分。在这项研究中，我们使用FreeSurfer处理了结构MRI图像，研究了三组30名参与者的顶叶皮层和丘脑核：10名FEP患者，10名未受影响的兄弟姐妹和10名匹配的健康对照。我们还研究了创伤经历是否会影响这些区域的体积测量。与对照组相比，患者和兄弟姐妹在几个顶叶区域发现显著差异，患者和兄弟姐妹表现出更相似的体积。左侧顶叶上回表现出显著的差异梯度，提示可能是区分两组的生物标志物。在前腹侧、内侧膝状核和腹侧外侧丘脑核中也观察到显著的体积差异。此外，发现左侧顶叶上回灰质体积减少与儿童创伤经历之间存在直接关联。这些发现强调了在未来的研究中研究顶叶区域以及考虑遗传和环境因素的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

A single dose of cannabidiol modulates the relationship between hippocampal glutamate and learning-related prefrontal activation in individuals at Clinical High Risk of Psychosis 单剂量大麻二酚调节临床精神病高危个体海马谷氨酸和学习相关前额叶激活之间的关系。

IF 2.1 4区医学 Q3 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY

Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging

Pub Date : 2025-11-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.112095

Yiling Shi , Cathy Davies , Robin Wilson , Elizabeth Appiah-Kusi , David J. Lythgoe , Gemma Modinos , Sagnik Bhattacharyya

Background

Cannabidiol (CBD) is being studied as a potential intervention for the people at clinical high risk for psychosis (CHR), though the mechanisms underlying its effects are not fully understood. Previous studies indicate that a single dose of CBD can normalize alterations in memory-related brain activation and modulate hippocampal glutamate levels in the early stages of psychosis. This study aimed to examine the acute effects of CBD on the relationship between hippocampal glutamate levels and brain activation during verbal memory in individuals at CHR.

Methods

A total of thirty-three participants (n = 33) at CHR were randomly assigned to receive a single 600 mg dose of CBD (CHR-CBD) or a placebo capsule (CHR-PLB). Age-matched healthy controls (HC) (n = 19) received no study drugs. Participants underwent MRI scanning while performing a verbal learning task, and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy to measure hippocampal glutamate levels. Effect of group x hippocampal glutamate interactions on brain activation was tested.

Results

CHR-PLB showed positive correlation between hippocampal glutamate levels and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) (Pcorr. = 0.0039) activation compared to HC during both verbal encoding and recall. Under a single dose of CBD, the glutamate-dlPFC activation relationship was negative and significantly different compared to placebo in CHR individuals (Pcorr. = 0.0001) during both verbal encoding and recall. The reversed correlation in CBD group was also observed in the parahippocampal gyrus (Pcorr. = 0.0022) and amygdala (Pcorr. = 0.0019) during verbal recall.

Conclusions

These findings suggest that CBD may normalise disrupted hippocampal–prefrontal glutamatergic coupling in CHR, highlighting its potential to target the neurochemical mechanisms underlying cognitive impairment.

背景：大麻二酚（CBD）作为临床精神病高危人群（CHR）的潜在干预措施正在被研究，尽管其作用机制尚不完全清楚。先前的研究表明，在精神病的早期阶段，单剂量的CBD可以使记忆相关的大脑激活和海马谷氨酸水平的改变正常化。本研究旨在研究CBD对CHR个体言语记忆期间海马谷氨酸水平和大脑激活之间关系的急性影响。方法：共有33名CHR参与者（n = 33）被随机分配接受单剂量600 mg CBD （cr -CBD）或安慰剂胶囊（cr - plb）。年龄匹配的健康对照（HC）（n = 19）未接受研究药物。参与者在执行口头学习任务时接受核磁共振扫描，并使用质子磁共振波谱测量海马谷氨酸水平。观察x组海马谷氨酸相互作用对脑活化的影响。结果：cr - plb显示海马谷氨酸水平与背外侧前额叶皮质（dlPFC）呈正相关。= 0.0039)，在言语编码和回忆过程中都比HC激活。在单剂量CBD下，CHR个体的谷氨酸- dlpfc激活关系为负，与安慰剂相比有显著差异（Pcorr）。= 0.0001)。CBD组海马旁回（Pcorr）呈负相关。= 0.0022)和杏仁核(Pcorr。= 0.0019)。结论：这些发现表明，CBD可能使CHR中受损的海马-前额叶谷氨酸能偶联正常化，突出了其针对认知障碍的神经化学机制的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Effect of personalized dorsolateral prefrontal cortex neuromodulation on default mode connectivity and working memory in schizophrenia spectrum disorders 个性化背外侧前额叶皮层神经调节对精神分裂症谱系障碍患者默认模式连通性和工作记忆的影响

IF 2.1 4区医学 Q3 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY

Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging

Pub Date : 2025-11-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.112093

Stéphanie Grot , Luigi De Benedictis , Alan Bougeard , Philippe Albouy , Emmanuel Stip , Stéphane Potvin , Pierre Orban

Schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD) are marked by working memory impairments associated with abnormal functional brain connectivity. Although transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) shows promise in modulating dysconnectivity patterns and improving cognitive symptoms, current protocols often lack target personalization, overlooking significant variability in functional network topography between individuals. Twenty-two individuals with SSD and cognitive deficits underwent 20Hz repetitive TMS to the left lateral prefrontal cortex. Personalized TMS targeted regions with the strongest central executive-default mode network (CEN-DMN) antagonism, while standardized TMS focused on the EEG F3 site. Resting-state fMRI scans were conducted pre- and post-TMS sessions to evaluate changes in CEN-DMN connectivity, and working memory performance was assessed after the post-TMS fMRI scan. Both TMS protocols failed to significantly alter CEN-DMN connectivity or improve cognitive function, which may be due to the low reliability of the biomarker used for personalized targeting. However, stronger DMN intra-network connectivity at the stimulation site was positively correlated with a reduction in CEN-DMN connectivity and improved working memory performance. These findings highlight the need for more extensive fMRI data for better target determination, and suggest that targeting left prefrontal areas with higher DMN connectivity could more effectively modulate functional connectivity and improve working memory performance through TMS.

精神分裂症谱系障碍（SSD）的特征是与异常的大脑功能连接相关的工作记忆障碍。虽然经颅磁刺激（TMS）在调节连接障碍模式和改善认知症状方面显示出希望，但目前的方案往往缺乏目标个性化，忽视了个体之间功能网络地形的显著差异。22名患有SSD和认知缺陷的患者在左侧前额皮质进行了20Hz的重复性经颅磁刺激。个性化经颅磁刺激针对的是中枢执行-默认模式网络（CEN-DMN）拮抗最强的区域，而标准化经颅磁刺激针对的是脑电F3区域。静息状态fMRI扫描在tms前和后进行，以评估cn - dmn连接的变化，并在tms后fMRI扫描后评估工作记忆表现。两种TMS方案都未能显著改变cn - dmn连接或改善认知功能，这可能是由于用于个性化靶向的生物标志物的可靠性较低。然而，刺激部位更强的DMN网络内连通性与cn -DMN连通性的降低和工作记忆性能的改善呈正相关。这些发现强调了需要更广泛的fMRI数据来更好地确定目标，并表明针对DMN连接性较高的左前额叶区域可以更有效地调节功能连接性并通过TMS改善工作记忆性能。

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引用次数: 0

Cortical thickness alterations in afro-descendants with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder: An exploratory analysis 非洲裔精神分裂症和双相情感障碍患者的皮质厚度改变：一项探索性分析

IF 2.1 4区医学 Q3 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY

Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging

Pub Date : 2025-11-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.112094

Rômulo K.P. Silva , Mariélia B.L. de Freitas , Licia P. Luna , Kenya Vinent , Candida H.Lopes Alves , Lays Bittencourt , Leandro Trovão , Antônio E. Nardi , Viola Oertel , André B. Veras , David Freitas de Lucena , Gilberto Sousa Alves

The impact of schizophrenia (SZ) and bipolar. disorder (BD) on brain structure is not fully understood, with most evidence derived from European, North American, and Asian populations. Our study aims to evaluate these morphometric changes in cortical thickness(CT) among Afro-descendants and indigenous people. We included neuroimaging data from 23 SZ patients, 20 BD patients, and 21 healthy controls (HC), aged between 22 and 31 years (mean age = 25 years). CT of 68 regions, as defined by the Desikan-Killiany atlas, was obtained using FreeSurfer. Statistical analysis involved analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) controlling for age, with Bonferroni correction for false discovery rate. BD patients showed significantly decreased CT in the right lateral orbitofrontal cortex and left pars orbitalis compared to SZ and HC. In a subset of clinical patients (SZ and BD), depressive symptoms, as measured by Diagnostic Interview for Psychosis and Affective Disorders(DIPAD) subscores, correlated negatively with left parahippocampal gyrus thickness, while manic symptoms correlated negatively with right lateral orbitofrontal CT. These findings underscore the importance of including underrepresented populations in neuroimaging research to better understand the structural brain alterations associated with psychiatric disorders.

精神分裂症（SZ）和躁郁症的影响。脑结构障碍（BD）对大脑结构的影响尚不完全清楚，大多数证据来自欧洲、北美和亚洲人群。我们的研究旨在评估非洲人后裔和土著居民皮质厚度（CT）的这些形态计量学变化。我们纳入了23例SZ患者、20例BD患者和21例健康对照（HC）的神经影像学数据，年龄在22至31岁之间（平均年龄= 25岁）。使用FreeSurfer软件获得Desikan-Killiany地图集定义的68个区域的CT。统计分析采用协方差分析（ANCOVA）控制年龄，并用Bonferroni校正错误发现率。与SZ和HC相比，BD患者右侧眶额外侧皮质和左侧眶部CT明显降低。在一部分临床患者（SZ和BD）中，通过精神病和情感障碍诊断访谈（DIPAD）亚评分测量的抑郁症状与左侧海马旁回厚度呈负相关，而躁狂症状与右侧外侧眶额CT呈负相关。这些发现强调了在神经影像学研究中纳入代表性不足的人群以更好地了解与精神疾病相关的大脑结构改变的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

Escitalopram normalizes decreased left inferior frontal gyrus activation in social anxiety disorder during self-referential processing 艾司西酞普兰使自我参照加工过程中社交焦虑障碍的左额下回激活减少正常化

IF 2.1 4区医学 Q3 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY

Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging

Pub Date : 2025-11-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.112092

Rasmus Rinne , Roope Heikkilä , Tuukka T Raij , Emma Komulainen , Jesper Ekelund , Erkki Isometsä

Background

Social anxiety disorder (SAD) is associated with negatively biased, self-focused attention in social situations. Neural correlates of self-referential processing and effects of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) on it remain, however, poorly known. Interestingly, these drugs have been shown to modify brain activation related to negative bias already before symptom relief in major depressive disorder. We hypothesized alteration in self-referential processing and modification of such alteration during short-term use of escitalopram in SAD.

Methods

Thirty-eight subjects with SAD and 20 healthy controls were recruited from the University of Helsinki and Aalto University. During baseline fMRI participants categorized positive and negative self-referential adjectives and neutral control words. The SAD group was then randomized to receive either escitalopram 10 mg per day (n = 14) or placebo (n = 17). After one week, the SAD group repeated the categorization task during fMRI.

Results

Compared with healthy controls, the SAD group showed weaker response to negative vs. positive adjectives in the left inferior frontal gyrus (p = 0.039). Compared with placebo, this activation increased after a one-week escitalopram treatment (p = 0.042) without any significant change in the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory Y1 scores.

Limitations

Relatively small sample size and drop-outs diminished statistical power.

Conclusion

SAD may be associated with decreased activation of the left inferior frontal gyrus to negative self-referential social cues. Escitalopram may normalize such activation. As left inferior frontal gyrus has been linked to inner speech while working on self-reflection tasks, the increased activation might relate to reappraising negative social cues.

社交焦虑障碍（SAD）与社交情境中的负面偏见、自我关注有关。然而，自我参照加工的神经相关性和选择性5 -羟色胺再摄取抑制剂（SSRIs）对其的影响仍然知之甚少。有趣的是，在重度抑郁症症状缓解之前，这些药物已经被证明可以改变与负偏倚相关的大脑活动。我们假设在SAD患者短期使用艾司西酞普兰期间，自我参照加工发生了改变，这种改变发生了改变。方法从赫尔辛基大学和阿尔托大学招募38名SAD患者和20名健康对照者。在基线fMRI期间，参与者对积极和消极的自我指涉形容词和中性对照词进行分类。然后，SAD组随机接受艾司西酞普兰10毫克/天（n = 14）或安慰剂（n = 17）。一周后，SAD组在fMRI期间重复分类任务。结果与健康对照组相比，SAD组左侧额下回对消极形容词和积极形容词的反应较弱（p = 0.039）。与安慰剂相比，艾司西酞普兰治疗一周后，这种激活增加（p = 0.042），但状态-特质焦虑量表Y1评分没有显著变化。局限性：相对较小的样本量和退出降低了统计效力。结论sad可能与左额下回对消极自我指涉社会线索的激活减弱有关。艾司西酞普兰可能使这种激活正常化。由于左额下回在进行自我反思任务时与内心语言有关，因此增加的激活可能与重新评估消极的社会线索有关。

{"title":"Escitalopram normalizes decreased left inferior frontal gyrus activation in social anxiety disorder during self-referential processing","authors":"Rasmus Rinne , Roope Heikkilä , Tuukka T Raij , Emma Komulainen , Jesper Ekelund , Erkki Isometsä","doi":"10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.112092","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.112092","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Social anxiety disorder (SAD) is associated with negatively biased, self-focused attention in social situations. Neural correlates of self-referential processing and effects of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) on it remain, however, poorly known. Interestingly, these drugs have been shown to modify brain activation related to negative bias already before symptom relief in major depressive disorder. We hypothesized alteration in self-referential processing and modification of such alteration during short-term use of escitalopram in SAD.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Thirty-eight subjects with SAD and 20 healthy controls were recruited from the University of Helsinki and Aalto University. During baseline fMRI participants categorized positive and negative self-referential adjectives and neutral control words. The SAD group was then randomized to receive either escitalopram 10 mg per day (<em>n</em> = 14) or placebo (<em>n</em> = 17). After one week, the SAD group repeated the categorization task during fMRI.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Compared with healthy controls, the SAD group showed weaker response to negative vs. positive adjectives in the left inferior frontal gyrus (<em>p</em> = 0.039). Compared with placebo, this activation increased after a one-week escitalopram treatment (<em>p</em> = 0.042) without any significant change in the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory Y1 scores.</div></div><div><h3>Limitations</h3><div>Relatively small sample size and drop-outs diminished statistical power.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>SAD may be associated with decreased activation of the left inferior frontal gyrus to negative self-referential social cues. Escitalopram may normalize such activation. As left inferior frontal gyrus has been linked to inner speech while working on self-reflection tasks, the increased activation might relate to reappraising negative social cues.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20776,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging","volume":"355 ","pages":"Article 112092"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145577587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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