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Enhancing Clinical Decision-Making: The Impact of Liver Contrast-enhanced MRI on Local Treatment Plans for Colorectal Liver Metastases. 加强临床决策:肝脏对比增强 MRI 对结直肠癌肝转移局部治疗方案的影响。
IF 5.6 Q1 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1148/rycan.239023
Yuan-Mao Lin
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引用次数: 0
High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound Surgery for Tumor Ablation: A Review of Current Applications. 用于肿瘤消融的高强度聚焦超声手术:当前应用综述。
IF 5.6 Q1 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1148/rycan.230074
Alessandro De Maio, Giulia Alfieri, Monica Mattone, Pejman Ghanouni, Alessandro Napoli

The management of cancer with alternative approaches is a matter of clinical interest worldwide. High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) surgery is a noninvasive technique performed under US or MRI guidance. The most studied therapeutic uses of HIFU involve thermal tissue ablation, demonstrating both palliative and curative potential. However, concurrent mechanical bioeffects also provide opportunities in terms of augmented drug delivery and immunosensitization. The safety and efficacy of HIFU integration with current cancer treatment strategies are being actively investigated in managing primary and secondary tumors, including cancers of the breast, prostate, pancreas, liver, kidney, and bone. Current primary HIFU indications are pain palliation, complete ablation of localized earlystage tumors, or debulking of unresectable late-stage cancers. This review presents the latest HIFU applications, from investigational to clinically approved, in the field of tumor ablation. Keywords: Ultrasound, Ultrasound-High Intensity Focused (HIFU), Interventional-MSK, Interventional-Body, Oncology, Technology Assessment, Tumor Response, MR Imaging © RSNA, 2023.

采用替代方法治疗癌症是全世界临床关注的问题。高强度聚焦超声(HIFU)手术是一种在 US 或 MRI 引导下进行的非侵入性技术。研究最多的 HIFU 治疗用途涉及热组织消融,显示出缓解和治疗的潜力。不过,同时产生的机械生物效应也为增强给药和免疫增敏提供了机会。在治疗原发性和继发性肿瘤(包括乳腺癌、前列腺癌、胰腺癌、肝癌、肾癌和骨癌)方面,目前正在积极研究 HIFU 与当前癌症治疗策略相结合的安全性和有效性。目前 HIFU 的主要适应症是减轻疼痛、完全消融局部早期肿瘤或清除无法切除的晚期癌症。本综述介绍了 HIFU 在肿瘤消融领域的最新应用,包括从研究到临床批准的应用。关键词超声波、超声波-高强度聚焦(HIFU)、介入-MSK、介入-全身、肿瘤学、技术评估、肿瘤反应、磁共振成像 © RSNA, 2023.
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引用次数: 0
Implications of Data Representation in Health Care Innovation. 数据表示对医疗保健创新的影响。
IF 5.6 Q1 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1148/rycan.230222
Randy C Miles, Antonio R Porras
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引用次数: 0
AI Improves Nodule Detection on Chest Radiographs in a Health Screening Population. 人工智能提高了健康筛查人群胸部 X 光片上结节的检测率。
IF 5.6 Q1 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1148/rycan.249003
Cristina Marrocchio, Ludovica Leo
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引用次数: 0
Clinical Utility of Abbreviated Breast MRI to Assess Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy. 简略乳腺 MRI 对评估新辅助化疗反应的临床实用性
IF 5.6 Q1 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1148/rycan.249002
Felicia Tang, Jessica Hayward
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引用次数: 0
Primary Axillary Vein Leiomyosarcoma in Li-Fraumeni Syndrome. Li-Fraumeni综合征中的原发性腋静脉横纹肌肉瘤
IF 5.6 Q1 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1148/rycan.230184
Mohd Zulkimi Roslly, Noorjehan Omar, Mohd Syafiq Naim
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引用次数: 0
Assessing Adherence to US LI-RADS Follow-up Recommendations in Vulnerable Patients Undergoing Hepatocellular Carcinoma Surveillance. 评估接受肝细胞癌监测的易感患者对美国 LI-RADS 随访建议的遵守情况。
IF 5.6 Q1 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1148/rycan.230118
Hailey H Choi, Stephanie Kim, Dorothy J Shum, Chiung-Yu Huang, Amy Shui, Rena K Fox, Mandana Khalili

Purpose To assess adherence to the US Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (LI-RADS) recommendations for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) surveillance and associated patient-level factors in a vulnerable, diverse patient sample. Materials and Methods The radiology report database was queried retrospectively for patients who underwent US LI-RADS-based surveillance examinations at a single institution between June 1, 2020, and February 28, 2021. Initial US and follow-up liver imaging were included. Sociodemographic and clinical data were captured from electronic medical records. Adherence to radiologist recommendation was defined as imaging (US, CT, or MRI) follow-up in 5-7 months for US-1, imaging follow-up in 3-6 months for US-2, and CT or MRI follow-up in 2 months for US-3. Descriptive analysis and multivariable modeling that adjusted for age, sex, race, and time since COVID-19 pandemic onset were performed. Results Among 936 patients, the mean age was 59.1 years; 531 patients (56.7%) were male and 544 (58.1%) were Asian or Pacific Islander, 91 (9.7%) were Black, 129 (13.8%) were Hispanic, 147 (15.7%) were White, and 25 (2.7%) self-reported as other race. The overall adherence rate was 38.8% (95% CI: 35.7, 41.9). The most common liver disease etiology was hepatitis B (60.6% [657 of 936 patients]); 19.7% of patients (183 of 936) had current or past substance use disorder, and 44.8% (416 of 936) smoked. At adjusted multivariable analysis, older age (odds ratio [OR], 1.20; P = .02), male sex (OR, 1.62; P = .003), hepatology clinic attendance (OR, 3.81; P < .001), and recent prior US examination (OR, 2.44; P < .001) were associated with full adherence, while current smoking (OR, 0.39; P < .001) was negatively associated. Conclusion Adherence to HCC imaging surveillance was suboptimal, despite US LI-RADS implementation. Keywords: Liver, Ultrasound, Screening, Abdomen/GI, Cirrhosis, Metabolic Disorders, Socioeconomic Issues Supplemental material is available for this article. © RSNA, 2024.

目的 评估脆弱、多样化患者样本对美国肝脏成像报告和数据系统(LI-RADS)肝细胞癌(HCC)监测建议的遵守情况以及相关的患者水平因素。材料与方法 对 2020 年 6 月 1 日至 2021 年 2 月 28 日期间在一家机构接受基于美国 LI-RADS 监测检查的患者的放射学报告数据库进行了回顾性查询。其中包括初始 US 和随访肝脏成像。社会人口学和临床数据均来自电子病历。坚持放射科医生建议的定义是:US-1 在 5-7 个月内进行成像(US、CT 或 MRI)随访,US-2 在 3-6 个月内进行成像随访,US-3 在 2 个月内进行 CT 或 MRI 随访。对年龄、性别、种族和 COVID-19 大流行发病时间进行了描述性分析和多变量模型调整。结果 936 名患者中,平均年龄为 59.1 岁;531 名患者(56.7%)为男性,544 名患者(58.1%)为亚裔或太平洋岛民,91 名患者(9.7%)为黑人,129 名患者(13.8%)为西班牙裔,147 名患者(15.7%)为白人,25 名患者(2.7%)自称为其他种族。总体依从率为 38.8%(95% CI:35.7, 41.9)。最常见的肝病病因是乙型肝炎(60.6% [936 位患者中的 657 位]);19.7% 的患者(936 位患者中的 183 位)目前或过去患有药物使用障碍,44.8% 的患者(936 位患者中的 416 位)吸烟。在调整后的多变量分析中,年龄较大(比值比 [OR],1.20;P = .02)、男性(OR,1.62;P = .003)、肝病门诊就诊率(OR,3.81;P < .001)和近期接受过 US 检查(OR,2.44;P < .001)与完全依从性相关,而当前吸烟(OR,0.39;P < .001)与完全依从性呈负相关。结论 尽管美国实施了LI-RADS,但HCC成像监测的依从性并不理想。关键词: 肝脏 超声波 筛查肝脏 超声波 筛查 腹部/GI 肝硬化 代谢紊乱 社会经济问题 本文有补充材料。© RSNA, 2024.
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引用次数: 0
Disparities in the Demographic Composition of The Cancer Imaging Archive. 癌症成像档案人口构成的差异。
IF 5.6 Q1 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1148/rycan.230100
Aidan Dulaney, John Virostko

Purpose To characterize the demographic distribution of The Cancer Imaging Archive (TCIA) studies and compare them with those of the U.S. cancer population. Materials and Methods In this retrospective study, data from TCIA studies were examined for the inclusion of demographic information. Of 189 studies in TCIA up until April 2023, a total of 83 human cancer studies were found to contain supporting demographic data. The median patient age and the sex, race, and ethnicity proportions of each study were calculated and compared with those of the U.S. cancer population, provided by the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention U.S. Cancer Statistics Data Visualizations Tool. Results The median age of TCIA patients was found to be 6.84 years lower than that of the U.S. cancer population (P = .047) and contained more female than male patients (53% vs 47%). American Indian and Alaska Native, Black or African American, and Hispanic patients were underrepresented in TCIA studies by 47.7%, 35.8%, and 14.7%, respectively, compared with the U.S. cancer population. Conclusion The results demonstrate that the patient demographics of TCIA data sets do not reflect those of the U.S. cancer population, which may decrease the generalizability of artificial intelligence radiology tools developed using these imaging data sets. Keywords: Ethics, Meta-Analysis, Health Disparities, Cancer Health Disparities, Machine Learning, Artificial Intelligence, Race, Ethnicity, Sex, Age, Bias Published under a CC BY 4.0 license.

目的 描述癌症成像档案(TCIA)研究的人口分布特征,并将其与美国癌症患者的人口分布进行比较。材料与方法 在这项回顾性研究中,我们检查了 TCIA 研究的数据,以纳入人口统计学信息。在截至 2023 年 4 月的 189 项 TCIA 研究中,共发现 83 项人类癌症研究包含支持性人口统计学数据。我们计算了每项研究的患者年龄中位数以及性别、种族和民族比例,并将其与监测、流行病学和最终结果计划以及美国疾病控制和预防中心的美国癌症统计数据可视化工具提供的美国癌症人口比例进行了比较。结果发现,TCIA 患者的中位年龄比美国癌症患者低 6.84 岁(P = .047),女性患者多于男性患者(53% 对 47%)。与美国癌症患者相比,美国印第安人和阿拉斯加原住民、黑人或非裔美国人以及西班牙裔患者在 TCIA 研究中的比例偏低,分别为 47.7%、35.8% 和 14.7%。结论 研究结果表明,TCIA 数据集的患者人口统计学特征并不反映美国癌症患者的人口统计学特征,这可能会降低利用这些成像数据集开发的人工智能放射学工具的普适性。关键词伦理、元分析、健康差异、癌症健康差异、机器学习、人工智能、种族、民族、性别、年龄、偏差 采用 CC BY 4.0 许可发布。
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引用次数: 0
T1-weighted Hyperintense Cystic Renal Masses (Bosniak Version 2019 Class II and IIF): Risk of Malignancy. T1加权高张力囊性肾肿块(Bosniak 2019版II级和IIF):恶性肿瘤风险。
IF 5.6 Q1 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1148/rycan.249001
Anupama Ramachandran
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引用次数: 0
Current State of Functional MRI in the Presurgical Planning of Brain Tumors. 脑肿瘤术前规划中功能性MRI的现状。
IF 4.4 Q1 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.1148/rycan.230078
Dhairya A Lakhani, David S Sabsevitz, Kaisorn L Chaichana, Alfredo Quiñones-Hinojosa, Erik H Middlebrooks

Surgical resection of brain tumors is challenging because of the delicate balance between maximizing tumor removal and preserving vital brain functions. Functional MRI (fMRI) offers noninvasive preoperative mapping of widely distributed brain areas and is increasingly used in presurgical functional mapping. However, its impact on survival and functional outcomes is still not well-supported by evidence. Task-based fMRI (tb-fMRI) maps blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signal changes during specific tasks, while resting-state fMRI (rs-fMRI) examines spontaneous brain activity. rs-fMRI may be useful for patients who cannot perform tasks, but its reliability is affected by tumor-induced changes, challenges in data processing, and noise. Validation studies comparing fMRI with direct cortical stimulation (DCS) show variable concordance, particularly for cognitive functions such as language; however, concordance for tb-fMRI is generally greater than that for rs-fMRI. Preoperative fMRI, in combination with MRI tractography and intraoperative DCS, may result in improved survival and extent of resection and reduced functional deficits. fMRI has the potential to guide surgical planning and help identify targets for intraoperative mapping, but there is currently limited prospective evidence of its impact on patient outcomes. This review describes the current state of fMRI for preoperative assessment in patients undergoing brain tumor resection. Keywords: MR-Functional Imaging, CNS, Brain/Brain Stem, Anatomy, Oncology, Functional MRI, Functional Anatomy, Task-based, Resting State, Surgical Planning, Brain Tumor © RSNA, 2023.

脑肿瘤的手术切除具有挑战性,因为在最大限度地切除肿瘤和保留重要的脑功能之间存在微妙的平衡。功能性MRI(fMRI)提供了广泛分布的大脑区域的无创术前标测,并越来越多地用于术前功能标测。然而,它对生存和功能结果的影响仍然没有很好的证据支持。基于任务的fMRI(tb-fMRI)绘制特定任务期间血氧水平依赖性(BOLD)信号的变化,而静息状态fMRI(rs-fMRI)检查自发的大脑活动。rs功能磁共振成像可能对不能执行任务的患者有用,但其可靠性受到肿瘤引起的变化、数据处理的挑战和噪声的影响。将功能磁共振成像与直接皮层刺激(DCS)进行比较的验证研究显示出不同的一致性,尤其是在语言等认知功能方面;然而,tb-fMRI的一致性通常大于rs-fMRI。术前功能磁共振成像,结合MRI束成像和术中DCS,可以提高生存率和切除范围,减少功能缺陷。功能磁共振成像有可能指导手术计划并帮助确定术中标测的目标,但目前关于其对患者预后影响的前瞻性证据有限。这篇综述描述了功能磁共振成像在脑肿瘤切除术前评估中的现状。关键词:MR功能成像,中枢神经系统,脑/脑干,解剖学,肿瘤学,功能MRI,功能解剖学,基于任务的,静息状态,手术计划,脑肿瘤©RSNA,2023。
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Radiology. Imaging cancer
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