Psychoneuroendocrinology最新文献_第5页

Long-term hair cortisone and perceived stress are associated with long-term hedonic eating tendencies in patients with obesity 肥胖症患者的长期毛发可的松和感知压力与长期享乐主义饮食倾向有关

IF 3.4 2区医学 Q2 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

Psychoneuroendocrinology

Pub Date : 2024-10-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2024.107224

Susanne Kuckuck , Eline S. van der Valk , Robin Lengton , Julius März , Manon H.J. Hillegers , Brenda W.J.H. Penninx , Maryam Kavousi , Mariëtte R. Boon , Sjoerd A.A. van den Berg , Elisabeth F.C. van Rossum

Introduction

Long-term biological stress, reflected in hair cortisol and cortisone levels, predicts future weight gain and metabolic deterioration. This is likely at least partially mediated by glucocorticoid-induced increases in hedonic overeating. Yet, the relationship between long-term biological stress and long-term hedonic eating tendencies remains to be elucidated.

Methods

We included N=108 adults with lifestyle-induced obesity (91 women, median body-mass-index=38.4 kg/m2) for our primary analysis investigating cross-sectional associations between long-term biological stress (hair cortisol and cortisone measured in the first 3 cm of scalp hair using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry) and self-reported long-term hedonic eating tendencies (emotional and external eating, ‘Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire’, and trait food craving, ‘Food Craving Questionnaire-Trait’). In secondary analyses, we investigated the moderating role of long-term psychological stress (Perceived Stress Scale-14 score) on the relation between hair glucocorticoid levels and hedonic eating tendencies.

Results

Higher hair cortisone levels, but not higher hair cortisol levels, were associated with more food cravings after adjustment for sex and age (p<0.05). The association remained significant after additional adjustment for psychological stress (p<0.05). Psychological stress correlated positively with food craving and hedonic eating (p<0.05), and, in trend, with external eating (p<0.1). Stratification of stress groups (high vs. low psychological stress in addition to high vs. low biological stress) showed food cravings and emotional eating to be highest in the group with both high psychological-stress and high hair-cortisone (p<0.05), suggesting potential additive effects of different stress measures.

Conclusion

Long-term psychological and biological stress correlate with hedonic eating tendencies with potentially adverse additive effects on weight management and clinical features of obesity.

导言毛发皮质醇和可的松水平反映的长期生物压力可预测未来体重增加和代谢恶化。这可能至少部分是由糖皮质激素诱导的享乐性暴饮暴食增加所介导的。然而，长期生物压力与长期享乐主义饮食倾向之间的关系仍有待阐明。4 kg/m2）进行主要分析，调查长期生物压力（使用液相色谱串联质谱法测量头皮头发前 3 厘米处的毛发皮质醇和可的松）与自我报告的长期享乐主义饮食倾向（情绪化饮食和外食，"荷兰饮食行为问卷"；特质食物渴望，"食物渴望问卷-特质"）之间的横断面关联。在二次分析中，我们研究了长期心理压力（感知压力量表-14评分）对毛发糖皮质激素水平与享乐主义饮食倾向之间关系的调节作用。结果经性别和年龄调整后，毛发中较高的可的松水平与较多的食物渴望相关，但毛发中较高的皮质醇水平与较多的食物渴望无关（p<0.05）。在对心理压力进行额外调整后，这种关联仍然显著（p<0.05）。心理压力与食物渴望和享乐性进食呈正相关（p<0.05），与外源性进食呈负相关（p<0.1）。对压力组（高与低心理压力组和高与低生物压力组）进行分层后发现，高心理压力组和高毛发皮质酮组的食物渴望和情绪化进食程度最高（p<0.05），这表明不同的压力测量可能会产生叠加效应。

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引用次数: 0

Ventral subiculum control of avoidance behavior and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis reactivity via the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis in male and female mice – ISPNE 2024 Dirk Helhammer Award 腹下丘脑通过纹状体末端床核控制雌雄小鼠的回避行为和下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴反应 - ISPNE 2024 Dirk Helhammer奖

IF 3.4 2区医学 Q2 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

Psychoneuroendocrinology

Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2024.107229

Jena S. Marsh , Cara Teixeira , Swapnil Gavade , Colin Johnston , Salisha Baranwal , Christen N. Snyder , Chih-Lin Chang , Shany Yang , Joanna L. Spencer-Segal

Avoidance or anxiety-like behavior is accompanied by corresponding changes in hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activation. The underlying neural circuitry for this coordinated behavioral and neuroendocrine control is not well established. Prior studies pointed to a neural projection from the ventral subiculum (vSub) to the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST) that can inhibit the HPA axis response to stress. Here, we used chemogenetics to investigate the role of vSub neurons and their projection to the anterior BNST (aBNST) in avoidance behavior and the accompanying corticosterone response in male and female mice. Surprisingly, we found that chemogenetic activation of ventral subiculum neurons increased the HPA axis response to an open field test in male and female mice, which was also seen with selective activation of vSub neurons projecting to the anterior BNST (vSub-aBNST neurons). On the other hand, VSub neuron and vSub-aBNST neuron activation had different effects on avoidance behavior, suggesting that the behavioral role of the VSub is variable and is dissociable from its neuroendocrine effects. In conclusion, our results reveal a surprising and novel role for the ventral subiculum in HPA axis activation via the anterior BNST. We also show that, like the ventral hippocampus, ventral subiculum neurons can increase or decrease avoidance behavior depending on their downstream projection.

回避或焦虑行为伴随着下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺（HPA）轴激活的相应变化。这种行为和神经内分泌协调控制的潜在神经回路尚未得到很好的证实。之前的研究指出，从腹侧子网膜（vSub）到纹状体末端床核（BNST）的神经投射可抑制 HPA 轴对应激的反应。在这里，我们利用化学遗传学研究了vSub神经元及其投射到BNST前部（aBNST）的神经元在雌雄小鼠的回避行为和伴随的皮质酮反应中的作用。令人惊讶的是，我们发现化学激活腹腔下丘脑神经元会增加雌雄小鼠对开放场试验的 HPA 轴反应，而选择性激活投射到前 BNST 的 vSub 神经元（vSub-aBNST 神经元）也会增加 HPA 轴反应。另一方面，VSub神经元和vSub-aBNST神经元的激活对回避行为有不同的影响，这表明VSub的行为作用是可变的，并且与其神经内分泌作用是分离的。总之，我们的研究结果揭示了腹腔下丘脑在通过前BNST激活HPA轴中的一个令人惊讶的新角色。我们还发现，与腹侧海马一样，腹侧子网神经元也可以根据其下游投射增加或减少回避行为。

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引用次数: 0

Family cohesion moderates the inverted U-shaped curve between resting RSA and children’s empathy 家庭凝聚力可调节静态 RSA 与儿童移情能力之间的倒 U 型曲线

IF 3.4 2区医学 Q2 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

Psychoneuroendocrinology

Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2024.107231

Runzhu Zhang , Zhenhong Wang

Resting respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) and family cohesion may jointly influence children’s empathy. Resting RSA has been found to exhibit an inverted U-shaped relation with empathy, and family cohesion is a psychosocial correlate of children’s empathy that may moderate this relation. The present study recruited 182 first-grade children as participants (87 girls, M_age = 7.02, SD _age = 0.36). Parents completed questionnaires to assess family cohesion and children’s empathy. The SOMNOtouch RESP device was utilized to collect resting electrocardiogram data and calculate resting RSA. The results showed that family cohesion significantly moderated the inverted U-shaped curve between resting RSA and children’s empathy. High family cohesion served as a protective factor in mitigating the negative impact of high resting RSA on empathy but could not buffer the negative effect of extremely low resting RSA on empathy among children. The findings suggest a role for high family cohesion in promoting empathy in children with moderate to high resting RSA.

静息期呼吸窦性心律失常（RSA）和家庭凝聚力可能会共同影响儿童的移情能力。研究发现，静息呼吸窦性心律失常与移情呈倒 U 型关系，而家庭凝聚力是儿童移情的社会心理相关因素，可能会缓和这种关系。本研究共招募了 182 名一年级儿童（87 名女生，平均年龄 = 7.02，平均年龄 = 0.36）。家长填写了评估家庭凝聚力和儿童移情能力的问卷。利用 SOMNOtouch RESP 设备收集静息心电图数据并计算静息 RSA。结果显示，家庭凝聚力对静息 RSA 与儿童移情之间的倒 U 型曲线有明显的调节作用。高家庭凝聚力是一种保护因素，可减轻高静息RSA对移情的负面影响，但无法缓冲极低静息RSA对儿童移情的负面影响。研究结果表明，高家庭凝聚力在促进中度至高度静息RSA儿童的移情方面发挥了作用。

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引用次数: 0

The hormonal trajectory along gestational age: Cortisol and oxytocin levels profiles 妊娠期的荷尔蒙轨迹：皮质醇和催产素水平曲线。

IF 3.4 2区医学 Q2 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

Psychoneuroendocrinology

Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2024.107230

Janaína Xavier , Barbara Borges Rubin , Carolina Coelho Scholl , Laísa Camerini , Jéssica Puchalski Trettim , Mariana Bonati de Matos , Fernanda Coelho , Fernanda Nedel , Adriano Martimbianco de Assis , Rachel Krolow Santos Silva Bast , Ana Paula Ardais , Luciana de Avila Quevedo , Gabriele Ghisleni , Ricardo Tavares Pinheiro

Pregnancy is accompanied by hormonal fluctuation, including increased cortisol and oxytocin (OT). Although the implications of these hormones during pregnancy are extensively studied, their normative variability is not well established. Therefore, we evaluated how serum cortisol and OT levels behave throughout pregnancy. This longitudinal study is part of a population-based cohort of pregnant women living in a city in Southern Brazil. Pregnant women up to 24 gestational weeks were evaluated at the time of identification (1st wave, N=983) and 60 days after the initial interview (2nd wave, N=840). At both times, blood samples were collected for hormonal dosage. We investigated the trajectory of these hormones throughout pregnancy using growth curve modeling. The best-fitting model was the exponential growth model, in which the variance explains approximately 79.1 % of the outcome. Thus, the cortisol level was, on average, at 44.2 μg/dl (95 %CI: 29.2;59.1, p<0.001) in the first gestational week, with an increase of approximately 2.0 % (95 %CI: 1.01;1.02, p<0.001) each week. OT showed no significant changes. While cortisol appears to follow a trajectory of exponential increase, possibly in response to the demands of fetal development, the variation in OT levels throughout pregnancy still remains constant subject to further investigation.

妊娠伴随着激素波动，包括皮质醇和催产素（OT）的增加。虽然这些激素在孕期的影响已被广泛研究，但它们的正常变异性还没有得到很好的确定。因此，我们评估了血清皮质醇和催产素水平在整个孕期的表现。这项纵向研究是巴西南部城市孕妇人群队列研究的一部分。我们对孕周在 24 周以内的孕妇进行了鉴定（第一波，983 人）和首次访谈后 60 天的评估（第二波，840 人）。在这两个时间段，我们都采集了血液样本，以检测荷尔蒙剂量。我们利用生长曲线模型研究了这些激素在整个孕期的变化轨迹。最拟合的模型是指数增长模型，其中方差解释了约 79.1 % 的结果。因此，皮质醇水平平均为 44.2 μg/dl（95 %CI：29.2;59.1，p＜0.05）。

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引用次数: 0

The differences in testosterone and stress hormones between unipolar and bipolar depression in adolescents and adults 青少年和成年人单相抑郁症和双相抑郁症在睾酮和压力荷尔蒙方面的差异。

IF 3.4 2区医学 Q2 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

Psychoneuroendocrinology

Pub Date : 2024-10-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2024.107227

Jie Yin , Dong Huang , Jianzhao Zhang , Rongxu Zhang , Shuming Zhong , Jiali He , Yangyu Wu , Shijie Luo , Jingyan Sun , Yitong Liu , Xiaodong Song , Shunkai Lai , Yanli Gao , Zhao Chen , Yanbin Jia

Background

While patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BD) often exhibit aberrant hormones, it is still unknown whether the hormones differ between MDD and BD across the age spectrum. We aimed to investigate the differences in testosterone and stress hormones between depressed patients with MDD and BD in adolescents and adults, and the impact of suicidal ideation on these.

Methods

A total of 432 depressed patients (270 MDD and 162 BD) were recruited, including 177 adolescents and 255 adults. Plasma levels of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), cortisol (CORT), testosterone (T), and prolactin (PRL) were measured in all patients. Suicidal ideation was assessed by item 3 of the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale.

Results

In adolescents, plasma T levels were higher in MDD than in BD (p=0.018), MDD patients with suicidal ideation exhibited higher T levels than BD patients with suicidal ideation (p=0.036), and plasma T levels were associated with diagnosis (OR_adjus=0.777, p=0.023). In adults, plasma ACTH levels were elevated in MDD versus BD (p=0.012) and were also diagnosis-related (OR_adjus=0.972, p=0.019). Plasma levels of other hormones were not significantly different between MDD and BD in adolescents or adults (all p>0.05).

Conclusions

There was an age-specific difference in the T and ACTH between depressed patients with MDD and BD. Suicidal ideation was linked to T in adolescents.

背景：虽然重度抑郁症（MDD）和双相情感障碍（BD）患者经常表现出激素异常，但MDD和BD患者的激素在不同年龄段是否存在差异仍是未知数。我们的目的是研究青少年和成人抑郁症患者在睾酮和应激激素方面的差异，以及自杀意念对这些差异的影响：共招募了 432 名抑郁症患者（270 名 MDD 和 162 名 BD），其中包括 177 名青少年和 255 名成年人。对所有患者的血浆促肾上腺皮质激素（ACTH）、皮质醇（CORT）、睾酮（T）和催乳素（PRL）水平进行了测量。自杀意念通过汉密尔顿抑郁量表第 3 项进行评估：在青少年中，MDD 患者的血浆 T 水平高于 BD 患者（P=0.018），有自杀意念的 MDD 患者的 T 水平高于有自杀意念的 BD 患者（P=0.036），血浆 T 水平与诊断相关（ORadjus=0.777，P=0.023）。在成人中，MDD患者的血浆促肾上腺皮质激素水平较BD患者高（p=0.012），并且也与诊断有关（ORadjus=0.972，p=0.019）。其他激素的血浆水平在青少年或成人 MDD 和 BD 之间没有显著差异（所有 p>0.05）：结论：MDD和BD抑郁症患者的T和ACTH存在年龄特异性差异。青少年的自杀意念与T有关。

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引用次数: 0

Chronic olanzapine treatment leads to increased opioid receptor expression and changes in feeding regulating neurons in the female rat hypothalamus 慢性奥氮平治疗导致雌性大鼠下丘脑中阿片受体表达增加和进食调节神经元的变化

IF 3.4 2区医学 Q2 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

Psychoneuroendocrinology

Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2024.107225

Maiken Krogsbaek , Nick Yao Larsen , Fatemeh Yarmahmoudi , Jeppe Søndergaard , Anne M. Landau , Connie Sanchez , Jens Randel Nyengaard

Opioid receptor antagonists have shown increasing promise as an adjunct therapy to psychotropic medication. The goal is to reduce the weight gain and metabolic adverse effects that are associated with certain second-generation antipsychotics, such as olanzapine and clozapine. In this study, female rats were treated for 4 weeks with a long-acting injectable formulation of olanzapine to assess effects on hypothalamic feeding regulation. Using quantitative spatial in situ hybridization and receptor autoradiography, expression levels of the mu, kappa and delta opioid receptors were defined in the five hypothalamic areas: paraventricular nucleus (PVN), arcuate nucleus (ARC), ventromedial nucleus (VMN), dorsomedial nucleus (DMN) and lateral hypothalamus (LH). In addition, hypothalamic neuron number and size were estimated using the unbiased optical fractionator and spatial rotator methods. Hyperphagia was observed after only 24 hours of olanzapine treatment, with continued weight gain throughout the duration of the study. In contrast, the observed food intake reversed to control levels after 2 weeks of olanzapine treatment. Chronic olanzapine treatment increased expression of kappa opioid receptor mRNA and receptor availability in the PVN, as well as increased mu opioid receptor availability in the PVN, ARC and VMN. These changes were accompanied by fewer anorexigenic proopiomelanocortin-expressing neurons of the ARC and corticotropin-releasing hormone expressing neurons of the PVN. This study links olanzapine-driven metabolic effects to increased opioid receptor expression in the hypothalamus, thus providing a rationale for the positive effects of using opioid receptor antagonists to relieve olanzapine adverse effects.

阿片受体拮抗剂作为精神药物的辅助疗法，已显示出越来越大的前景。其目的是减少与某些第二代抗精神病药物（如奥氮平和氯氮平）相关的体重增加和代谢不良反应。在这项研究中，雌性大鼠接受了为期 4 周的奥氮平长效注射制剂治疗，以评估其对下丘脑摄食调节的影响。通过定量空间原位杂交和受体自显影，确定了μ、kappa和δ阿片受体在室旁核（PVN）、弓状核（ARC）、腹腔内侧核（VMN）、背内侧核（DMN）和外侧下丘脑（LH）这五个下丘脑区域的表达水平。此外，还使用无偏光学分馏器和空间旋转器方法估算了下丘脑神经元的数量和大小。仅在奥氮平治疗 24 小时后就观察到食欲亢进，并且在整个研究期间体重持续增加。相反，在奥氮平治疗 2 周后，观察到的食物摄入量逆转至对照组水平。慢性奥氮平治疗增加了腹腔静脉网中卡巴阿片受体 mRNA 的表达和受体的可用性，并增加了腹腔静脉网、ARC 和 VMN 中μ 阿片受体的可用性。与这些变化同时出现的是，ARC 中表达厌食原的促黑皮素神经元和 PVN 中表达促肾上腺皮质激素释放激素的神经元数量减少。这项研究将奥氮平导致的代谢效应与下丘脑中阿片受体表达的增加联系起来，从而为使用阿片受体拮抗剂缓解奥氮平不良反应的积极作用提供了理论依据。

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引用次数: 0

Attention to social threat predicts diurnal cortisol dynamics during the high school transition 对社会威胁的关注可预测高中过渡时期皮质醇的昼夜动态变化

IF 3.4 2区医学 Q2 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

Psychoneuroendocrinology

Pub Date : 2024-10-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2024.107226

E. Jopling , A. Tracy , J. LeMoult

Adolescence is a developmental period marked by significant social shifts accompanied by concurrent changes across biological, cognitive, and emotional domains. Within adolescence, the high school transition is a pivotal time for youth that is ripe with opportunities yet has the potential to disrupt functioning. An increasingly sophisticated understanding of health and developmental biology indicates that the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis plays an important role in transducing social experiences into physiological changes that have long-term impacts on health and wellbeing. There is reason to believe that attentional biases to social threat could impact cortisol, a steroid hormone indexing activity of the HPA axis, during the high school transition. The present study examined associations between attentional biases to socially threatening stimuli, measured using the Affective Posner paradigm, and components of the diurnal cortisol rhythm among youth across the first two days of high school. Participants included 67 youth (N = 504 saliva samples) with a mean age of 12.86 years and a relatively equal split with regard to both sex assigned at birth and gender identity (54 % male; 54 % boys). Findings build upon and extend previous work by demonstrating that greater attentional engagement bias to socially threatening stimuli is associated with a pattern of greater diurnal HPA axis reactivity across the first two days of the high school transition, as evidenced by a steeper cortisol awakening response and a steeper diurnal cortisol slope. This work extends our understanding of the mechanisms through which stress relates to wellbeing in youth by embedding biological development in the life course. Clinically, this work has the potential to inform interventions to protect youth against the biological embedding of stress by identifying a theoretically driven, socio-contextually relevant risk factor to be attenuated – namely, attentional bias to threat.

青春期是一个以重大社会变迁为特征的发展时期，同时伴随着生理、认知和情感领域的变化。在青春期，高中过渡时期是青少年的关键时期，这一时期充满机遇，但也有可能扰乱青少年的机能。对健康和发育生物学越来越深入的了解表明，下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺（HPA）轴在将社会经验转化为生理变化方面发挥着重要作用，而生理变化会对健康和幸福产生长期影响。我们有理由相信，在高中过渡时期，对社会威胁的注意偏差可能会影响皮质醇（一种指示 HPA 轴活动的类固醇激素）。本研究采用情感波斯纳范式（Affective Posner paradigm）测量了青少年在高中头两天对社交威胁刺激的注意偏差与皮质醇昼夜节律成分之间的关联。参与者包括 67 名青少年（N = 504 份唾液样本），平均年龄为 12.86 岁，出生性别和性别认同相对平均（54% 为男性；54% 为男孩）。研究结果基于并扩展了之前的工作，证明对社会威胁性刺激更强的注意参与偏差与高中过渡时期头两天更强的昼夜皮质醇轴反应相关，表现为更陡峭的皮质醇唤醒反应和更陡峭的昼夜皮质醇斜率。这项研究通过将生物发展纳入生命过程，扩展了我们对压力与青少年健康相关机制的理解。在临床上，这项研究通过确定一个理论驱动的、与社会背景相关的风险因素（即对威胁的注意偏差），有可能为干预措施提供信息，以保护青少年免受压力的生物嵌入。

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引用次数: 0

Expression of tryptophan hydroxylase in rat adrenal glands: Upregulation of TPH2 by chronic stress 大鼠肾上腺中色氨酸羟化酶的表达：慢性应激对 TPH2 的上调

IF 3.4 2区医学 Q2 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

Psychoneuroendocrinology

Pub Date : 2024-10-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2024.107219

Neeshu Saroj , Shiv Shanker , Eduardo Serrano-Hernández , Gabriel Manjarrez-Gutiérrez , José-Antonio Mondragón , Saidel Moreno-Martínez , Rosa A. Jarillo-Luna , Pedro López-Sánchez , José A. Terrón

It has been shown that chronic restraint stress (CRS) increases adrenal 5-HT levels and turnover through a mechanism that appears unrelated to tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH). In the present study we re-analyzed the effects of CRS (20 min/day) for 14 days relative to control (CTRL) conditions on TPH expression, distribution, and activity in rat adrenal glands. On day 15, adrenal glands were collected for TPH1 and TPH2 immunohistochemistry, Western blot, and RT-PCR; TPH activity was estimated by quantification of 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) and, indirectly, through measurement of 5-HT and 5-hydroxindolacetic acid (5-HIAA) levels and turnover (5-HIAA/5-HT ratio) by HPLC. TPH expression and activity in the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) were also determined for comparison. TPH1 and TPH2 immunostaining was observed in the adrenal medulla, and measurable levels of TPH1 and TPH2 protein and mRNA were detected in rat adrenal glands from CTRL animals. CRS exposure noticeably increased TPH2- but not THP1-immunostaining in the medulla and the outer adrenocortical areas of left (LAG) but not of right adrenal glands (RAG). In addition, CRS exposure increased TPH2 protein and mRNA levels in LAG; however, both measures decreased in DRN. Finally, CRS treatment produced an increase and a decrease of TPH activity and 5-HT turnover in LAG and DRN, respectively. Results indicate that TPH is indeed expressed in rat adrenal glands. Exposure to CRS upregulates TPH2 in LAG, while inducing downregulation of it in the DRN. Then, the increased levels of 5-HT in LAG from CRS-exposed animals likely results from TPH2-mediated synthesis.

研究表明，慢性束缚应激（CRS）会通过一种似乎与色氨酸羟化酶（TPH）无关的机制增加肾上腺的 5-HT 水平和周转。在本研究中，我们重新分析了相对于对照（CTRL）条件下持续 14 天的 CRS（20 分钟/天）对大鼠肾上腺中 TPH 表达、分布和活性的影响。第 15 天，收集大鼠肾上腺，进行 TPH1 和 TPH2 免疫组织化学、Western 印迹和 RT-PCR 分析；通过量化 5- 羟色氨酸（5-HTP）以及通过 HPLC 间接测量 5-HT 和 5- 羟吲哚乙酸（5-HIAA）的水平和周转率（5-HIAA/5-HT 比率）来估算 TPH 的活性。为了进行比较，还测定了背侧剑突核（DRN）中 TPH 的表达和活性。在肾上腺髓质中观察到 TPH1 和 TPH2 免疫染色，在 CTRL 动物的大鼠肾上腺中检测到可测量水平的 TPH1 和 TPH2 蛋白质和 mRNA。CRS 暴露明显增加了左肾上腺（LAG）髓质和肾上腺皮质外区的 TPH2-免疫染色，但没有增加右肾上腺（RAG）的 THP1-免疫染色。此外，暴露于 CRS 会增加 LAG 中的 TPH2 蛋白和 mRNA 水平；但在 DRN 中，这两项指标都会下降。最后，CRS 治疗分别增加和减少了 LAG 和 DRN 中的 TPH 活性和 5-HT 转化。结果表明，TPH确实在大鼠肾上腺中表达。暴露于 CRS 后，LAG 中的 TPH2 上调，而 DRN 中的 TPH2 下调。那么，暴露于 CRS 的动物 LAG 中 5-HT 水平的增加可能是 TPH2 介导合成的结果。

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引用次数: 0

Investigating the association between hair progesterone, anxiety, sleep quality, and other determinants in South African females 调查南非女性毛发孕酮、焦虑、睡眠质量和其他决定因素之间的关联。

IF 3.4 2区医学 Q2 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

Psychoneuroendocrinology

Pub Date : 2024-10-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2024.107223

Jessica Kew , Tobias Stalder , Clemens Kirschbaum , Soraya Seedat , Leigh Luella van den Heuvel

Background

Anxiety symptoms and poor sleep quality are common in women. The role of sex hormones, particularly progesterone, in anxiety and sleep quality in women is understudied. Measurement of hair progesterone concentrations (HPC) is a promising method to investigate the effects of progesterone on anxiety symptoms and sleep quality in women.

Objectives

We analysed sociodemographic, hair-related, and clinical factors associated with HPC and investigated the association between HPC and anxiety severity and sleep quality in a sample of 159 South African women (mean age: 46.5 years; range: 18–79 years).

Methods

Data were obtained from control participants from the SHARED ROOTS study. HPC were determined using an established liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method. Unadjusted and adjusted multiple linear regression models were used to investigate whether sleep quality, measured with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and anxiety, measured with the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), were associated with HPC. Significant sociodemographic, hair-related, and clinical factors were adjusted for.

Results

HPC was significantly associated with age, duration of sample storage, hormonal treatment, postmenopausal status, and the number of different types of trauma exposures in adjusted models. Neither anxiety severity nor sleep quality was significantly associated with HPC.

Conclusions

Certain demographic, hair related, and clinical factors were associated with HPC and need to be considered in future research using HPC. Although anxiety and sleep were not associated with HPC, greater trauma exposure was associated with higher HPC, suggesting an association between severe stress and hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis functioning.

背景介绍焦虑症状和睡眠质量差在女性中很常见。性激素（尤其是孕酮）在女性焦虑和睡眠质量中的作用尚未得到充分研究。测量头发中的孕酮浓度（HPC）是研究孕酮对女性焦虑症状和睡眠质量影响的一种很有前景的方法：我们分析了与 HPC 相关的社会人口学因素、头发相关因素和临床因素，并在 159 名南非女性（平均年龄：46.5 岁；范围：18-79 岁）样本中调查了 HPC 与焦虑严重程度和睡眠质量之间的关联：方法：数据来源于 SHARED ROOTS 研究的对照参与者。采用成熟的液相色谱-串联质谱（LC-MS/MS）方法测定 HPC。使用未经调整和调整的多元线性回归模型来研究用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数（PSQI）测量的睡眠质量和用斯皮尔伯格状态-特质焦虑量表（STAI）测量的焦虑是否与 HPC 相关。对重要的社会人口、头发相关和临床因素进行了调整：结果：在调整后的模型中，HPC与年龄、样本保存时间、激素治疗、绝经后状态以及不同类型的创伤暴露次数有明显关系。焦虑严重程度和睡眠质量均与 HPC 无明显关联：结论：某些人口统计学因素、头发相关因素和临床因素与 HPC 相关，在未来使用 HPC 进行研究时需要加以考虑。虽然焦虑和睡眠与 HPC 无关，但更大的创伤暴露与更高的 HPC 相关，这表明严重压力与下丘脑-垂体-性腺轴（HPG）功能之间存在关联。

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引用次数: 0

Patterns of stress-related change in salivary alpha-amylase and cortisol among young children: Associations with maternal psychosocial risk factors 幼儿唾液中α-淀粉酶和皮质醇与压力有关的变化模式：与母亲社会心理风险因素的关联。

IF 3.4 2区医学 Q2 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

Psychoneuroendocrinology

Pub Date : 2024-10-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2024.107221

Olivia Silke , Shauna G. Simon , David W. Sosnowski , Sara B. Johnson , Douglas A. Granger , Jenna L. Riis

Our understanding of associations between family-level risk factors and children’s stress physiology is largely derived from studies that apply “mean-based” rather than “person-level” approaches. In this study, we employed group-based trajectory modeling, a person-centered approach, to identify children with similar patterns of stress-related sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activation, and explored associations between these patterns and maternal psychosocial risk. Participants were five-year-old children (N=147; 52 % female; 62 % Black/African American) and their mothers. Children’s saliva was sampled four times during a series of emotional stressor tasks and later assayed for sAA and cortisol, indexing SNS and HPA activity, respectively. Mothers reported their depressive and anxiety symptoms, parenting stress, financial stress, and income. Results revealed two task-related patterns of change for sAA (Low-Stable vs. High-Increasing) and cortisol (Low-Stable vs. High-Decreasing) concentrations. Children from families with lower income were more likely to exhibit the High-Increasing SNS pattern, [OR=0.78, 95 % CI (0.64, 0.95)], and children of mothers reporting more anxiety symptoms [OR=1.06, 95 % CI (1.00, 1.12)] and more parenting stress [OR=1.04, 95 % CI (1.00, 1.07)] were more likely to show the High-Decreasing HPA pattern. Implications of this person-centered approach and findings for advancing our understanding of associations between family-level risk factors and children’s stress physiology are discussed.

我们对家庭层面的风险因素与儿童压力生理学之间关联的理解主要来自于采用 "基于平均值 "而非 "个人层面 "方法的研究。在本研究中，我们采用了基于群体的轨迹建模（一种以人为本的方法）来识别具有类似压力相关交感神经系统（SNS）和下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴（HPA）激活模式的儿童，并探讨了这些模式与母亲的社会心理风险之间的关联。参与者为五岁儿童（147 人；52 % 为女性；62 % 为黑人/非裔美国人）及其母亲。在一系列情绪压力任务中，对儿童的唾液进行了四次采样，随后对 sAA 和皮质醇进行了检测，这分别是 SNS 和 HPA 活动的指标。母亲们报告了她们的抑郁和焦虑症状、育儿压力、经济压力和收入情况。结果显示，sAA（低稳定 vs. 高增加）和皮质醇（低稳定 vs. 高下降）浓度的变化有两种与任务相关的模式。收入较低家庭的儿童更有可能表现出 SNS 高增加模式[OR=0.78, 95 % CI (0.64, 0.95)]，而母亲有较多焦虑症状[OR=1.06, 95 % CI (1.00, 1.12)]和较多养育压力[OR=1.04, 95 % CI (1.00, 1.07)]的儿童更有可能表现出 HPA 高减少模式。本文讨论了这种以人为本的方法和研究结果对促进我们了解家庭层面的风险因素与儿童压力生理之间关系的意义。

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引用次数: 0