Psychoneuroendocrinology最新文献

{"title":"Considerations and practical recommendations for identifying perimenopause in longitudinal research","authors":"Megan E. Huibregtse ,&nbsp;Linzie Taylor ,&nbsp;Trinidi Prochaska ,&nbsp;Amanda R. Arnold ,&nbsp;C. Neill Epperson ,&nbsp;E. Britton Chahine ,&nbsp;Alicia K. Smith ,&nbsp;Abigail Powers ,&nbsp;Vasiliki Michopoulos ,&nbsp;Jennifer S. Stevens","doi":"10.1016/j.psyneuen.2026.107748","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psyneuen.2026.107748","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Approximately half of the global population will live to experience the menopausal transition, which is associated with significant quality of life concerns and economic costs. Due to research and funding inequities, there exist significant gaps in knowledge about the menopausal transition and how to improve health outcomes. One tool that is needed to push women’s health research forward is the ability to prospectively and accurately identify reproductive stage throughout the female lifespan. In the current paper we review the current criteria for reproductive staging and historical research methods of determining stage, including retrospective and prospective approaches. We discuss important considerations surrounding recall intervals, limitations of the 2011 Stages of Reproductive Aging Workshop + 10 (STRAW+10) criteria, and data privacy concerns. We provide recommendations for the design and execution of future studies, including digital data processing algorithms that can clearly implement operational definitions of STRAW+ 10 reproductive stages. Standardizing STRAW+ 10 terminology and validating methods to collect, process, and analyze prospectively tracked vaginal bleeding data will facilitate more precise and reliable reproductive staging that are critically needed to increase our understanding of how perimenopause increases risk for adverse health outcomes and develop novel interventions to increase quality of life during reproductive aging.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20836,"journal":{"name":"Psychoneuroendocrinology","volume":"186 ","pages":"Article 107748"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146038953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maternal prenatal depression and anxiety and steroid hormones in amniotic fluid","authors":"Tiina Seikku ,&nbsp;Marius Lahti-Pulkkinen ,&nbsp;Polina Girchenko ,&nbsp;Verna Salo ,&nbsp;Kati Heinonen ,&nbsp;Taru Tukiainen ,&nbsp;Ellie Phelan ,&nbsp;Margaux Billen ,&nbsp;Joanna P. Simpson ,&nbsp;Rebecca M. Reynolds ,&nbsp;Natalie Z.M. Homer ,&nbsp;Katri Räikkönen","doi":"10.1016/j.psyneuen.2026.107758","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psyneuen.2026.107758","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Maternal prenatal depression and anxiety (PDA) have been associated with increased risks of adverse birth and neurodevelopmental outcomes in children. While fetal exposure to too high or low levels of steroid hormones has been proposed as a potential biological mechanism underlying these effects, few studies have directly investigated this hypothesis using fetal tissue samples, and the existing studies have been limited to examining cortisol, cortisone or testosterone. We studied associations between PDA and steroid hormones in amniotic fluid by measuring a panel of 17 steroid hormones – including progestogens, mineralocorticoids, glucocorticoids, androgens and estrogens – and their substrate-to-product ratios in 173 women with singleton pregnancies undergoing amniocentesis during second trimester. The fetuses had no chromosomal abnormalities. We defined any PDA as meeting at least one of the following criteria: reported symptoms above clinical cut off (CES-D ≥ 20 or STAI state or trait anxiety ≥ 40) during pregnancy, lifetime diagnosis (ICD-10 codes F31–33, F41–43), and/or lifetime medication purchases (ATC-codes N06A, N05B). Elastic net regression identified two glucocorticoid metabolites, 20α-dihydrocortisol and 5β-tetrahydrocortisol, with lower amniotic fluid levels in fetuses of mothers with PDA compared to those without PDA (unadjusted mean difference −0.37 SD units, 95 % CI: [−0.68, −0.07]; and −0.40 SD units, 95 % CI: [−0.70, −0.10], respectively). The model with both steroids remained significant after adjusting for maternal age, body mass index, education, smoking during pregnancy, parity, gestational age at amniocentesis and fetal sex, and in sensitivity analyses excluding mothers with diabetes and hypertensive disorders (p-values &lt; .05) and was not moderated by fetal sex (p-value &gt; .40). PDA was not significantly associated with any substrate-to-product ratios of the steroids, used as proxies of steroid hormone metabolizing enzymes, after correction for multiple testing. This study provides support for the prenatal programming hypothesis of PDA influencing fetal environment through suboptimal levels of steroid hormones and highlights the need to expand to a comprehensive panel of steroid metabolism.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20836,"journal":{"name":"Psychoneuroendocrinology","volume":"186 ","pages":"Article 107758"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146019581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Altered placental expression of neurotransmitter and stress-related molecules in first-episode psychosis during pregnancy: Implications for cytoarchitecture and function","authors":"Cielo García-Montero ,&nbsp;Óscar Fraile-Martinez ,&nbsp;Diego Liviu Boaru ,&nbsp;Patricia de Castro-Martinez ,&nbsp;Diego De Leon-Oliva ,&nbsp;Beatriz García-González ,&nbsp;Isabel Pérez-González ,&nbsp;Coral Bravo ,&nbsp;Juan A.De Leon-Luis ,&nbsp;Raul Diaz-Pedrero ,&nbsp;Laura Lopez-Gonzalez ,&nbsp;Silvestra Barrena-Blázquez ,&nbsp;Julia Bujan ,&nbsp;Natalio García-Honduvilla ,&nbsp;Miguel Ángel Alvarez-Mon ,&nbsp;Marta Presa ,&nbsp;Guillermo Lahera ,&nbsp;Melchor Alvarez-Mon ,&nbsp;Miguel A. Saez ,&nbsp;Miguel A. Ortega","doi":"10.1016/j.psyneuen.2026.107751","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psyneuen.2026.107751","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>First-episode psychosis during pregnancy (FEP-PW) is a rare but serious condition that intersects maternal mental health and placental-fetal biology. While psychosis is characterized by disruptions in perception and cognition, its impact on placental neuroendocrine signaling and fetal development remains poorly understood. The placenta, as a key mediator of intrauterine environment, expresses receptors involved in neurotransmission and stress response, potentially linking maternal psychopathology to fetal neurodevelopmental risk.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study investigates the expression of five critical neuroendocrine and stress-related molecules—dopamine receptor D2 (DRD2), serotonin receptor 1B (HTR1B), glucocorticoid receptor (NR3C1), 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 (HSD11B2), and melatonin receptor 1B (MTNR1B)—in placental tissue from women with FEP-PW compared to healthy pregnant controls (HC-PW).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Using a prospective case-control design, placental samples from 22 FEP-PW and 20 HC-PW women were analyzed. Gene expression was quantified by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), and protein localization and abundance assessed via immunohistochemistry (IHC).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Significant alterations in placental gene and protein expression were observed in FEP-PW placentas: DRD2, NR3C1, and HSD11B2 were markedly upregulated (all p &lt; 0.001 at gene and protein levels), whereas HTR1B and MTNR1B were significantly downregulated compared to controls (p &lt; 0.05, p &lt; 0.01 respectively at gene level and p &lt; 0.01, p &lt; 0.001 at protein level). These findings indicate dysregulated dopaminergic, serotonergic, glucocorticoid, and melatonin signaling pathways in the placenta associated with maternal psychosis.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our results provide novel evidence of distinct placental molecular adaptations in FEP-PW, reflecting heightened maternal stress and disrupted neurohormonal environments. These alterations may contribute to adverse placental function and influence fetal neurodevelopmental trajectories, underscoring the placenta’s role as a critical mediator in the maternal-placental-fetal axis in psychiatric disorders. Further research is needed to clarify the functional consequences and explore these molecules as potential biomarkers or therapeutic targets in perinatal psychiatry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20836,"journal":{"name":"Psychoneuroendocrinology","volume":"186 ","pages":"Article 107751"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146039017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"C-reactive protein predicts aggression in adolescent depression: Non-suicidal self-injury moderation and immunomodulatory shift","authors":"Xiaoyuan Han ,&nbsp;Xin Yu ,&nbsp;Xinyuan Hu ,&nbsp;Hailiang Huang ,&nbsp;Guofeng Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiangyu Chen ,&nbsp;Ming Cha ,&nbsp;Lingming Hu ,&nbsp;Ningning Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.psyneuen.2026.107756","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psyneuen.2026.107756","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Major depressive disorder (MDD) in adolescents is frequently accompanied by aggression and non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI), yet reliable biomarkers for predicting these behavioral risks remain limited. This study employed a combined cross-sectional and longitudinal design to investigate the role of peripheral inflammatory markers in aggression among 214 adolescent inpatients with MDD and 60 healthy controls. We found that C-reactive protein (CRP) emerged as notable independent predictor of aggressive behavior, showing a high area under the curve (AUC=0.91) in this sample, suggesting its potential discriminatory performance that warrants further validation. Notably, NSSI significantly moderated the CRP-aggression link, with a stronger association observed in patients without NSSI. Furthermore, sex-specific IL-6 elevations were identified in female NSSI⁺ patients. Longitudinal analyses revealed a dynamic \"immunomodulatory shift,\" where systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) and lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) transitioned from positive to negative predictors of aggression over time. These preliminary findings highlight the potential of CRP as a clinically accessible indicator for aggression risk and underscore the temporal complexity of immune–behavior interactions in adolescent depression. These preliminary findings remain to be verified through independent cohorts in future studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20836,"journal":{"name":"Psychoneuroendocrinology","volume":"186 ","pages":"Article 107756"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146011824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Linking allostatic load, heart rate variability and brain functional networks and structures in healthy men","authors":"Juan M. Solano-Atehortua ,&nbsp;Gabriel Castrillón ,&nbsp;Jazmin X. Suarez-Revelo ,&nbsp;Juan D. Sánchez-López ,&nbsp;Daniel A. Vargas-Tejada ,&nbsp;Hawkins-Caicedo Valentina ,&nbsp;Juan C. Calderón ,&nbsp;Jaime Gallo-Villegas ,&nbsp;Yedselt V. Ospina-Serrano ,&nbsp;Juan D. Caicedo-Jaramillo ,&nbsp;Ana L. Miranda-Angulo","doi":"10.1016/j.psyneuen.2026.107759","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psyneuen.2026.107759","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>The allostatic load index (ALI) measures the cumulative physiological burden exerted on the body by chronic stress known as allostatic load (AL). The relationship between ALI and heart rate variability (HRV), as well as the brain moderation effect on this relationship in healthy individuals, is underexplored.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this cross-sectional study of 88 healthy men (21–40 years) from Medellín, Colombia, we calculated two ALIs composed of four and seven biomarkers (ALI-4 and ALI-7) using a quartile-based risk summation method. Functional and structural neuroimaging metrics were derived from magnetic resonance imaging. Multiple linear regression models were used to evaluate the associations between the ALIs and HRV metrics derived from a 24-hour Holter. Exploratory interaction models tested whether the functional connectivity strength (FCS) of default mode (DMN), salience (SN) and control subnetworks (CEN), their cortical thickness as well as the volume of subcortical structures, moderated the ALI–HRV association.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>ALI-7 was positively associated with the LF/HF ratio (β = 0.09, <em>p</em> = 0.004, 95 % CI = 0.03–0.15). Exploratory interactions suggested that ALI-7’s association with the standard deviation of the NN intervals (SDNN) was moderated by the FCS in the posterior DMN and by cortical thickness in the anterior SN. However, none of these interactions remained significant after false discovery rate correction.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>In healthy men, higher ALI was associated with reduced HRV as indicated by higher LF/HF ratio. Larger studies, including women, are needed to confirm the predictive value of ALI-7 and to elucidate the brain moderation effect on the AL-HRV relationship.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20836,"journal":{"name":"Psychoneuroendocrinology","volume":"186 ","pages":"Article 107759"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146019517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Precommitment promotes healthier food choices under stress","authors":"Paul A.G. Forbes ,&nbsp;Candace M. Raio ,&nbsp;Tobias Kalenscher","doi":"10.1016/j.psyneuen.2026.107754","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psyneuen.2026.107754","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Stress can result in unhealthier food choices with detrimental consequences for our health. Precommitment is a behavioural strategy whereby individuals restrict their future choice set and can promote healthier food choices – we may forgo buying cake when grocery shopping so we are not tempted to eat it at home. Yet, it is not known whether precommitment can buffer the effects of stress on food choices by providing opportunities to avoid unhealthy food altogether, enabling healthier food choices under stress. To investigate this, we developed a novel ‘precommit-to-eat’ paradigm which involved two stages. This enabled us to first assess precommitment decisions (precommitment stage) and, subsequently, participants’ propensity to select healthier items to eat in a food choice stage (choice stage). Participants (n = 29) who all reported generally trying to eat healthily completed this two-stage paradigm twice – once under acute stress and once in a non-stressful control condition. The propensity to choose unhealthier but tastier food to eat increased with subjective stress, but this effect was counteracted by stress-related increases in precommitment. Thus, our findings show the effectiveness of precommitment under stress. This has important implications for interventions aimed at promoting healthier food choices, especially in stressful environments, that could particularly benefit individuals with lower dietary restraint.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20836,"journal":{"name":"Psychoneuroendocrinology","volume":"186 ","pages":"Article 107754"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145981459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex-specific associations between loneliness and hair cortisol among older African American adults","authors":"Katherine Knauft ,&nbsp;Jacqueline Rodriguez-Stanley ,&nbsp;Kristin M. Davis ,&nbsp;Lance M. Rappaport ,&nbsp;Francesca Luca ,&nbsp;Nataria T. Joseph ,&nbsp;Christopher G. Engeland ,&nbsp;Samuele Zilioli","doi":"10.1016/j.psyneuen.2026.107755","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psyneuen.2026.107755","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Loneliness has been linked to increased risk of cardiovascular disease, which disproportionately affects African American adults. Dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, as measured by long-term accumulation of cortisol in hair, may be one pathway through which loneliness increases cardiovascular disease risk. However, the relationship between loneliness and hair cortisol levels among African American adults has not yet been explored. Further, both loneliness and cortisol activity differ across age and sex. To better understand the association between loneliness and HPA axis activity among middle-aged and older African American adults, the present study examined the degree to which age and sex interacted with loneliness to predict hair cortisol concentrations. Data were obtained from 340 African American adults (<em>M</em>_age = 66.06, <em>SD</em> = 5.46, range = 55–75; 87.1 % female), who provided hair samples and reported their loneliness level as a part of The Heart of Detroit Study. Results showed that sex significantly moderated the association between loneliness and hair cortisol. Loneliness was positively associated with hair cortisol concentrations in male, but not female, participants. These findings suggest that sex-specific associations may exist between loneliness and hair cortisol.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20836,"journal":{"name":"Psychoneuroendocrinology","volume":"186 ","pages":"Article 107755"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145963371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multicenter comparison of LC-MS/MS, radioimmunoassay, and ELISA for assessment of salivary progesterone and estradiol","authors":"Gelena Dlugash ,&nbsp;Manfred Rauh ,&nbsp;Justin M. Carré ,&nbsp;Ashley Marcellus ,&nbsp;Susan Plachecki ,&nbsp;Elizabeth Hampson ,&nbsp;Oliver C. Schultheiss","doi":"10.1016/j.psyneuen.2026.107744","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psyneuen.2026.107744","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>For psychoneuroendocrinology, accurate measurement of progesterone (P4) and estradiol (E2) in saliva is crucial for understanding the menstrual cycle phase and its impact on physiology and behavior. Although enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and radioimmunoassay (RIA) are the preferred methods and are more often found in research labs, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) may provide a more valid salivary steroids assessment. In this study, we aimed to compare the performance of LC-MS/MS, ELISA, and RIA to measure salivary P4 and E2.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Samples were collected from 120 participants, 81 men and 39 women, in the morning and evening. Additionally, women provided samples during the early follicular (cycle days 3–5) and luteal cycle phases (cycle days 21–23) using the forward-count method. The study considered natural hormone fluctuations (e.g., the diurnal and menstrual cycles) and quality control samples as validity criteria for method evaluation. A total of 336 samples and quality control samples were analyzed using one RIA, two ELISA, and two LC-MS/MS methods across four labs. Correlational analyses were performed to assess inter-lab x inter-method reliability, intra-lab x inter-method reliability, and inter-lab x intra-method reliability.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>For P4, natural hormone fluctuations in menstrual cycles were detected by all methods. However, in contrast to both LC-MS/MS methods, all immunoassays (IAs) detected an unexpected diurnal decline of P4. For E2, they were found only by LC-MS/MS and RIA. In terms of means, for P4 and E2, ELISA and RIA produced higher values compared to LC-MS/MS. For P4, the inter- and intra-method convergence was <em>r</em> ≥ .92. As for E2, inter-method correlations were between <em>r</em> = -.12 and <em>r</em> = .23, while the ELISA intra-method comparison showed a correlation coefficient of <em>r</em> = .85.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>Our findings suggest that while LC-MS/MS, RIA, and ELISA were capable of meeting most of the specified criteria for P4, only LC-MS/MS and RIA were able to perform similarly sufficiently at low E2 levels. LC-MS/MS provided more accurate and reliable measurements for P4 and E2, especially at low concentrations, but encountered challenges, too. Although RIA showed comparable performance to LC-MS/MS, it still suffered partly from cross-reactivity. ELISA often overestimated hormone levels and exhibited greater divergence. These differences highlight the importance of carefully selecting methods and considering their limitations in research applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20836,"journal":{"name":"Psychoneuroendocrinology","volume":"186 ","pages":"Article 107744"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146030569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trauma exposure, PTSD, and methylation of the blood brain barrier claudin-5 gene","authors":"Erika J. Wolf ,&nbsp;Xiang Zhao ,&nbsp;Annelise Madison ,&nbsp;Jack Carbaugh ,&nbsp;Catherine B. Fortier ,&nbsp;William P. Milberg ,&nbsp;Traumatic Stress Brain Research Group,&nbsp;Mark W. Logue ,&nbsp;Mark W. Miller","doi":"10.1016/j.psyneuen.2026.107753","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psyneuen.2026.107753","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with early onset of neurological conditions, but the mechanism by which PTSD relates to diseases of the central nervous system is unclear. One possibility is that PTSD perpetuates breakdown of the blood brain barrier (BBB), allowing for bidirectional passage of molecules across the periphery and central nervous system that promote neuropathology. Preclinical studies have implicated claudin-5 (CLDN5), a protein integral to the integrity of the BBB tight junctions, in the pathogenesis of depression. Based on this, we evaluated if trauma exposure and PTSD related to <em>CLDN5</em> epigenetics in blood among 1311 trauma-exposed individuals (primarily Veterans) and in the brain tissue from 100 decedents. Three (out of 19) <em>CLDN5</em> DNA methylation (DNAm) probes, cg00804504, cg17411190, and cg21872764, were significantly associated with trauma exposure or PTSD severity after multiple testing correction in blood. The latter two probes also showed association with PTSD diagnosis in ventromedial prefrontal cortex. The most strongly associated DNAm probe, cg21872764, also evidenced associations with the neuropathology biomarker neurofilament light in plasma. <em>CLDN5</em> expression was strongly associated with estimated proportion of brain endothelial cells. The cross-sectional associations observed in this study highlight the importance of studying the link between traumatic stress and early onset of neuropathology. Future research is needed to test the mechanistic hypothesis that trauma exposure and chronic PTSD alter <em>CLDN5</em> DNAm, lead to increased BBB permeability and allow for bidirectional passage of neuroinflammatory molecules across the BBB.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20836,"journal":{"name":"Psychoneuroendocrinology","volume":"186 ","pages":"Article 107753"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145981458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Personality moderates the predictive value of serum serotonin for antidepressant remission in depressive disorders","authors":"Jae-Min Kim ,&nbsp;Hee-Ju Kang ,&nbsp;Ju-Wan Kim,&nbsp;Min Jhon,&nbsp;Ju-Yeon Lee,&nbsp;Sung-Wan Kim,&nbsp;Il-Seon Shin","doi":"10.1016/j.psyneuen.2026.107752","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psyneuen.2026.107752","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Blood-based biomarkers such as peripheral serotonin (5-HT) hold promise for predicting antidepressant response in depression, but findings have been inconsistent. Personality traits linked to serotonergic function may moderate this relationship. This study examined whether personality type (PT) moderates the relationship between baseline serum serotonin (s5-HT) levels and antidepressant remission at 12 weeks. In a prospective, naturalistic study, 1086 outpatients with depressive disorders received stepwise pharmacotherapy. PT was classified as resilient or vulnerable using cluster analysis of the Big Five Inventory. Baseline s5-HT was measured and analyzed as both categorical (median split) and continuous variables. Remission was defined as a Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD) score ≤ 7 at week 12. Logistic regression tested the main and interaction effects of PT and s5-HT, adjusting for covariates. No direct association was found between PT and s5-HT levels. However, higher s5-HT significantly predicted remission only in the resilient group, showing a significant PT × s5-HT interaction. These findings identify personality as a moderator of the relationship between peripheral serotonin and antidepressant response. This biopsychosocial interaction may help explain prior inconsistencies and may provide preliminary insights relevant to individualized care, pending further validation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20836,"journal":{"name":"Psychoneuroendocrinology","volume":"186 ","pages":"Article 107752"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145963370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}