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Design of Maximum Power Point Tracking Method Using Modified Perturb and Observation with Cuk Converter 基于Cuk变换器的修正摄动与观测的最大功率点跟踪方法设计
Pub Date : 2023-07-07 DOI: 10.47191/rajar/v9i7.03
I. W. D. Pancane, Ahmad Aslih Syani Abu Zahir
Photovoltaic is a resource that cannot be depleted and is widely available as future energy. Photovoltaic modules are affected by the intensity of radiation from a changing sun. Therefore it takes a method to find the maximum power point of photovoltaic. One of the methods used is Maximum power point tracking (MPPT). From Photovoltaic it will be connected to a current sensor and a voltage sensor so that it is read by the microcontroller and connected to the DC-DC converter circuit. The microcontroller will be embedded with the Modified Perturb & Observe (P&O) method to adjust the voltage output from the DC-DC converter by adjusting the pulse width (dutycycle) on the PWM generated from the microcontroller. After that, the results of the converter are analyzed using a load in the form of an accumulator or battery. At the output of the converter, a current sensor and a voltage sensor will be given to determine the output of the DC-DC converter with the Cuk topology. After conducting testing and analysis, using the proposed method provides an efficiency of 83%, this is proven by the power and voltage values. Using MPPT is able to optimize the panel output power of 23.92W with an accumulator load of 12 Volts.
光伏发电是一种取之不尽、用之不竭的资源,可以作为未来能源广泛使用。光伏组件受到太阳变化的辐射强度的影响。因此需要一种寻找光伏最大功率点的方法。使用的方法之一是最大功率点跟踪(MPPT)。从光伏,它将连接到电流传感器和电压传感器,使其被微控制器读取,并连接到DC-DC转换电路。微控制器将嵌入改进的扰动与观察(P&O)方法,通过调整微控制器产生的PWM的脉宽(占空比)来调整DC-DC转换器的电压输出。之后,使用蓄电池或电池形式的负载分析转换器的结果。在转换器的输出端,一个电流传感器和一个电压传感器将被用来确定具有Cuk拓扑的DC-DC转换器的输出。经过测试和分析,使用所提出的方法提供了83%的效率,这是由功率和电压值证明。使用MPPT可以优化面板输出功率为23.92W,蓄电池负载为12伏。
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引用次数: 0
ZAMBIA'S STRATEGIC ROADMAP FOR THRIVING AQUACULTURE MICRO, SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES 赞比亚发展水产养殖中小微企业的战略路线图
Pub Date : 2023-07-07 DOI: 10.47191/rajar/v9i7.01
Mildred Chuunga Muhyila, DR Egret Chanda Lengwe
At independence in 1964, Zambia inherited a dualistic economy characterized by foreign-owned industries, with the copper industry dominating and rural small-scale peasants, most of whom migrated to the urban areas in search of formal employment. From 1968, the Zambian government took over majority control (‘zambianisation’ or nationalisation) in some of the foreign-owned industries, but the rate of employment was not sufficient to absorb the rapidly expanding urban population resulting in a lot of people remaining unemployed. A decline in international copper prices in the early 2000’s brought a recession to the Zambian economy resulting in the failure of the nationalised industries thereby ousting more people out of formal employment. Lack of employment and the call for diversification away from copper mining required most Zambians to find alternative means of survival, hence the establishment of micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs). A reduction in naturally occurring water bodies brought about by climate change have hampered fishing, however, the country has other favourable conditions such as good soil formation, availability of borehole water and an ideal climate which can support aquaculture. The Zambian government has been supportive of the development of aquaculture MSMEs and the said government efforts are the focus of this article.
赞比亚在1964年独立时继承了一种二元经济,其特点是外资拥有的工业,铜工业占主导地位,农村小农占多数,他们大多数移徙到城市地区寻找正式就业机会。从1968年开始,赞比亚政府接管了一些外资企业的多数控制权(“赞比亚化”或国有化),但就业率不足以吸收迅速扩大的城市人口,导致很多人失业。21世纪初国际铜价的下跌给赞比亚经济带来了衰退,导致国有工业的失败,从而使更多人失去了正式就业机会。缺乏就业机会和要求从铜矿开采转向多元化的呼声要求大多数赞比亚人寻找其他生存手段,因此建立了微型、小型和中型企业(MSMEs)。气候变化造成的自然水体减少阻碍了渔业,然而,该国具有其他有利条件,如良好的土壤形成、钻孔水的可用性和可支持水产养殖的理想气候。赞比亚政府一直支持水产养殖中小微企业的发展,本文将重点讨论政府的努力。
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引用次数: 0
Implementation of Scaffolding Assisted Project-Based Learning Models in Buffer Solution Materials 基于项目的脚手架式学习模式在缓冲溶液材料中的实现
Pub Date : 2023-07-07 DOI: 10.47191/rajar/v9i7.02
M. Rusdi, Rayandra Asyhar, H. Haryanto
This study was conducted to solve of applying the learning model to skills and scientific process results in Buffer Solution learning materials in senior high school (SMA). In the early stages, the researchers designed scaffolding by linking the PjBL Flipped Classroom model, KPS, and buffer solution material. Then, these two products were validated by a team of experts involving scaffolding design validation, flow validation, learning design validation, and material validation to see the suitability of the scaffolding assistance at each stage of the PjBL Flipped Classroom model and the feasibility of the products developed and required to adopt the products produced to the principles set found in learning design. After completing the validation stage, the practitioner validation stage is continued to see the practicality of using the product being developed. Then a small group test is carried out to see the application of the product being developed. The results showed that learning chemistry using the Scaffolding Flow in the PJBL Flipped Classroom model could increase students' chemistry learning activities and outcomes on the concept of buffer solutions.
本研究旨在解决高中缓冲溶液学习材料中技能和科学过程结果的学习模式应用问题。在早期阶段,研究人员通过连接PjBL翻转课堂模型、KPS和缓冲溶液材料来设计脚手架。然后,这两个产品由一个专家团队进行验证,包括脚手架设计验证、流程验证、学习设计验证和材料验证,以查看脚手架辅助在PjBL翻转课堂模型的每个阶段的适用性,以及开发的产品的可行性,以及采用学习设计中发现的原则所生产的产品的可行性。在完成验证阶段后,从业者验证阶段将继续查看正在开发的产品的实用性。然后进行小组测试,以了解正在开发的产品的应用情况。结果表明,在PJBL翻转课堂模式下,使用“脚手架流程”学习化学可以增加学生在缓冲溶液概念上的化学学习活动和成果。
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引用次数: 0
Optimal Conditioning of Growth Media White Oyster Mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) to Increase Productivity 白平菇(Pleurotus ostreatus)增产培养基的优化调节
Pub Date : 2023-06-22 DOI: 10.47191/rajar/v9i6.04
A. Hodijat, E. Nurlina
The cultivation of white oyster mushrooms is the difficulty of making mushroom seedlings, especially the technology is quite expensive and the nature of mushroom growth which has two different temperatures, namely low temperature when making seedlings and medium temperature when forming mushroom fruit bodies. Therefore optimal conditioning of the growth medium of white oyster mushroom (pleurotus ostreatus) to increase production yield. Judging from the business opportunity, oyster mushrooms are among the most popular compared to other types of mushrooms. In general, white oyster mushroom cultivation is considered easy to do, as long as the living environment is well considered. Although mushrooms are more optimal to grow in the highlands (cool areas), cultivation in the lowlands can also be done, as long as the place of maintenance is conditioned the same as its natural habitat.
白平菇的栽培是蘑菇育苗的难点,特别是技术成本较高,而且蘑菇生长的性质有两种不同的温度,即育苗时的低温和形成蘑菇果体时的中温。因此,对白平菇生长培养基进行优化调节,以提高产量。从商业机会来看,与其他类型的蘑菇相比,平菇是最受欢迎的。一般来说,白平菇的培养被认为是容易做到的,只要生活环境考虑得好。虽然蘑菇更适合在高地(凉爽的地区)种植,但在低地也可以种植,只要维护场所的条件与自然栖息地相同。
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引用次数: 0
THE PARTICIPATION OF BLACK HA NHI PEOPLE IN Y TY, LAO CAI PROVINCE FOR LOCAL SUSTAINABLE TOURISM DEVELOPMENT 黑哈尼人的参与,为当地旅游业的可持续发展,老蔡省
Pub Date : 2023-06-12 DOI: 10.47191/rajar/v9i6.03
D. Oanh, B. Q. Trang
From the application of theoretical issues about the local community in sustainable tourism development, the article analyzes and evaluates the role, level and form of participation of the local community – Black Ha Nhi people Y Ty in local sustainable tourism development. The studies show that at the Y Ty destination, the Black Ha Nhi have actively participated in the development of tourism in the locality. It can be said that they are the people who laid the foundation, pioneered and are an indispensable core component for local tourism activities. However, due to many different reasons (the economic conditions of the local community are still difficult, the level of awareness, especially awareness of knowledge, experience, and skills in tourism, etc.) is still limited. Their participation in tourism activities has not been highly effective. From there, the article proposes some recommendations to promote strengths and take advantage of opportunities; to limit weaknesses and challenges to promote more effectively the role of the Black Ha Nhi in particular, the local community in general, in the sustainable development of tourism in Y Ty.
本文从地方社区在可持续旅游发展中的理论问题入手,分析和评价了地方社区——黑河溪人yty在地方可持续旅游发展中的作用、水平和参与形式。研究表明,在云南旅游目的地,黑河族积极参与了当地的旅游发展。可以说,他们是当地旅游活动的奠基人、开拓者和不可或缺的核心组成部分。然而,由于许多不同的原因(当地社区的经济条件仍然困难,意识水平,特别是对旅游知识,经验和技能的认识等)仍然有限。他们对旅游活动的参与并不十分有效。在此基础上,提出了发挥优势、抓住机遇的建议;限制弱点和挑战,以更有效地促进黑河人,特别是当地社区在永续发展旅游业中的作用。
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引用次数: 0
Preservation of the Sea Alms Tradition at Teluk Penyu in Cilacap Regency: A Site Study 西拉卡摄政的特鲁克Penyu海布施传统的保存:一项现场研究
Pub Date : 2023-06-08 DOI: 10.47191/rajar/v9i6.02
S. Slamet, R. Soelistijanto, E. Widiastuti, Nuryanti Nuryanti
Cilacap is a coastal area on the southern coast of Java with several beaches, one of which is Teluk Penyu Beach, where the traditional sea alms tradition is held annually. The tradition started with the 3rd Cilacap Regent Tumenggung Tjakrawerdaya III ordering an elder Pandanarang fisherman named Ki Arsa Menawi to threw offerings into the south sea along with other fishermen on Friday Kliwon in the Javanese month of Sura 1875. Since then, the custom of throwing offerings into the sea, with the term almsgiving ceremony, has been a tradition. The objectives of this study were: 1) to describe the history and procession of the traditional sea alms ceremony, and 2) to analyze the influence of the development of the Turtle Bay beach tourism object on the socio-economic conditions of the surrounding community. This type of research was qualitative with a phenomenological design. Key informants were traditional caretakers or stakeholders, while complementary informants were management, community representatives, and visitor representatives. Data collection techniques used were observation, documentation, and interviews. In contrast, data analysis techniques used interactive models of Miles and Huberman, including data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion, with the validity of the data verified using triangulation. It could be concluded that the fishing community on the coast of Teluk Penyu beach Cilacap Regency still maintains the tradition of sea alms as a manifestation of gratitude for the fish caught and requests prayers for the safety and abundance of fish caught the following year.
Cilacap是爪哇南部海岸的一个沿海地区,有几个海滩,其中一个是Teluk Penyu海滩,每年都会举行传统的海上布施传统。这一传统始于公元1875年爪哇腊月的立月星期五,第三代慈拉甲摄政王Tumenggung Tjakrawerdaya三世命令一位名叫Ki Arsa Menawi的老Pandanarang渔民与其他渔民一起向南海投掷祭品。从那时起,将供品扔入海中的习俗,即“布施仪式”,就成为了一种传统。本研究的目的是:1)描述传统海布施仪式的历史和过程;2)分析海龟湾海滩旅游对象的开发对周边社区社会经济状况的影响。这种类型的研究是定性的,采用现象学设计。关键举报人是传统的看护人或利益相关者,而补充举报人是管理层、社区代表和访客代表。使用的数据收集技术为观察、记录和访谈。相比之下,数据分析技术使用Miles和Huberman的交互模型,包括数据简化、数据呈现和结论,并使用三角测量验证数据的有效性。可以得出的结论是,在西拉卡普摄制区,Teluk Penyu海滩沿岸的渔业社区仍然保持着海上布施的传统,以表达对捕获的鱼的感激之情,并要求为来年捕获的鱼的安全和丰富祈祷。
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引用次数: 0
Deployment of IoT Sensors in the Revolution of Agriculture 物联网传感器在农业革命中的部署
Pub Date : 2023-06-06 DOI: 10.47191/rajar/v9i6.01
Ka Hui Chai, Mohammad Malek Faizal Azizi, Sohana Romeli, H. Y. Lau
Internet of Things sensors are increasingly deployed in sustainable agriculture and food security. This review article discusses the history and importance of agriculture as a source of food and other products for human consumption and the challenges facing the agriculture industry, including climate change, soil degradation, and water scarcity. The various revolutions that have occurred in agriculture were also explored, from the adoption of modern agriculture to the green process and precision agriculture. This article also summarises by exploring the prospects for the fourth agricultural revolution, which centres on deploying technology to foster environmentally responsible farming methods. This review emphasised the significant potential of IoT sensors in agriculture to enhance sustainability and improve food security.
物联网传感器越来越多地应用于可持续农业和粮食安全领域。这篇综述文章讨论了农业作为人类消费的食物和其他产品来源的历史和重要性,以及农业面临的挑战,包括气候变化、土壤退化和水资源短缺。还探讨了农业领域发生的各种革命,从采用现代农业到绿色过程和精准农业。本文还通过探索第四次农业革命的前景来总结,第四次农业革命的核心是利用技术来促进对环境负责的农业方法。这篇综述强调了物联网传感器在农业中增强可持续性和改善粮食安全方面的巨大潜力。
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引用次数: 0
Determination of Hope Food Pattern Score (PPH) Score Based On the Study of Finished Food Components 基于成品食品成分研究的PPH评分确定
Pub Date : 2023-05-31 DOI: 10.47191/rajar/v9i5.07
A. Hodijat
Research has been conducted on the determination of the Hope Food Pattern Score (PPH) based on the study of finished food components. Finished foods are processed foods, traditional foods, culinary foods, which can be consumed immediately, without the need to reprocess them. Finished food is considered important for the determination of the PPH score targeted by the national food security agency, which has a PPH score of 92.5. This was stated by the Government through the Ministry of Agriculture in 2019, targeting nationally the score for PPH food diversification based on local resources to reach 92.5. The target of achieving a PPH score of 92.5 is difficult to achieve because in reality the 2019 SUSENAS data does not include the value of finished food energy into the PPH food group component, even though in the calculation, the finished food component is very influential on the results of calculating PPH, the energy is around 15-20% of total energy. From the calculation results, the Hope Food Pattern Score calculated based on the Average Calorie Consumption Per Capita a Day (Kcal) of West Java Province SUSENAS 2019 data plus ready-made food purchased at hawker places in food center centers, has not met the PPH score in accordance with the target, namely kupat tahu average PPH score 68.84, chicken porridge - average PPH score 80.06, fried rice has an average PPH score of 80.95, kupat sayur has an average PPH score of 83.94, and gado-gado has an average PPH score of 87.95. For this reason, with this study, it is recommended to make finished food recipes with food components whose forming raw materials are arranged then grouped according to the expectation food pattern group and simulated the value of the PPH quality score so that it has a score of around PPH 92.5.
在对成品食品成分进行研究的基础上,对希望食品模式评分(PPH)的确定进行了研究。成品食品是加工食品,传统食品,烹饪食品,可以立即食用,无需再加工。成品食品被认为是确定国家食品安全局目标PPH得分的重要因素,PPH得分为92.5分。政府在2019年通过农业部表示了这一点,目标是在全国范围内根据当地资源实现PPH粮食多样化得分达到92.5分。PPH得分达到92.5的目标很难实现,因为在现实中,2019年SUSENAS数据没有将成品食品能量的值纳入PPH食品组成分,尽管在计算中,成品食品成分对PPH计算结果的影响很大,其能量约占总能量的15-20%。从计算结果,希望食品模式得分计算基于平均每天人均卡路里的消耗(千卡)的西爪哇省SUSENAS 2019数据加上现成的食品小贩处购买食品中心中心,没有遇到PPH分数按照目标,即kupat tahu PPH平均得分68.84,鸡粥,PPH平均得分80.06,炒饭、平均得分80.95,kupat sayur、平均得分为83.94分,gado-gado的平均PPH得分为87.95。因此,在本研究中,建议将形成原料的食品成分进行排列,制作成品食品配方,然后按照期望食品模式组进行分组,并模拟PPH质量评分值,使其得分在PPH 92.5左右。
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引用次数: 0
Employee Retention in Luxury Accommodation Business in Da Nang, Viet Nam 越南岘港豪华住宿行业的员工保留率
Pub Date : 2023-05-08 DOI: 10.47191/rajar/v9i5.05
Pham Quang Tin, Tran Thi Minh Y, Thai Thi Hieu, Huynh Thi Thu Trang
Employee retention, a strategy towards sustainable development of each enterprise, affects greatly its productivity, quality and efficiency. This paper employs primary data collected from questionnaire, both in online and face-to-face forms, of 390 employees working in high-class accommodation system in Da Nang – Viet Nam. Using quantitative analysis techniques of scale testing, exploratory factor analysis, and multivariable regression analysis, we found that there are 9 major factors having positive effects on employee retention in luxury accommodation business system in Da Nang – Viet Nam. These factors, both material and non-material, include, from higher to lower levels: welfare, salary; manager’s support; corporate social responsibility; recognition and reward; working environment; promotion opportunities; training and development; working conditions.
员工保留是企业可持续发展的战略,对企业的生产力、质量和效率有着重要的影响。本文采用在线问卷调查和面对面问卷调查的方式,对越南岘港高级住宿系统的390名员工进行调查。运用规模检验、探索性因子分析和多变量回归分析等定量分析方法,我们发现越南岘港市豪华住宿业务系统中有9个主要因素对员工留任有正向影响。这些因素,包括物质的和非物质的,从高到低依次包括:福利、工资;经理的支持;企业社会责任;认可和奖励;工作环境;提升的机会;培训和发展;工作条件。
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引用次数: 0
Descriptive Research on the Well-Being of Young People: The Case of Hakkari, Türkiye 青年幸福感的描述性研究:以哈卡瑞为例
Pub Date : 2023-05-06 DOI: 10.47191/rajar/v9i5.04
O. Polat, Mahire Aslan, Melike İncesu, Neslim GÜVENDEĞER DOKSAT, N. Polat, Hilal Karayazı
Today, 'general well-being' has become an important issue for young people to lead a healthy life. There are two important areas that affect general well-being: family and school environment. The child's first socialization area is the family and the second is the school. They can be considered separately as important topics to ensure integrity in the child's health. The aim of this study is to determine the variables that impair the 'general well-being' of children. This research is descriptive. 100 high school students between the ages of 16-18 participated in the study. Study area is Hakkari province, located in the Southeast Anatolian region of Türkiye. Child abuse, neglect, corporal punishment, and early marriage/sexual abuse are reasons for concern in Hakkâri which is known to have a high representative ability in this regard, was chosen. In the findings; Factors such as high bullying experiences, using tranquilizers and sleeping pills, using tabocco product, parent’s marital status have been identified as important reasons for adolescent well being. Significant findings were obtained as the variables had a significance value of 0.001(p<000.1) using Monte Carlos simulation at the 99% confidence interval of the Fisher Freeman Halton Exact Test.
如今,“总体福祉”已成为年轻人健康生活的重要问题。有两个重要的方面影响总体幸福感:家庭和学校环境。孩子的第一个社会化领域是家庭,第二个是学校。它们可以作为重要主题单独考虑,以确保儿童健康的完整性。这项研究的目的是确定影响儿童“总体幸福感”的变量。这项研究是描述性的。100名年龄在16-18岁之间的高中生参加了这项研究。研究区域是哈卡里省,位于东南安纳托利亚地区的基耶省。在这方面具有代表性的hakk里被选为关注的问题,包括虐待儿童、忽视、体罚、早婚/性虐待等。在调查结果中;高欺负经历、使用镇定剂和安眠药、使用烟草产品、父母婚姻状况等因素已被确定为影响青少年健康的重要原因。在Fisher Freeman Halton精确检验的99%置信区间上,使用Monte Carlos模拟,变量的显著性值为0.001(p<000.1),获得了显著的发现。
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引用次数: 0
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RA JOURNAL OF APPLIED RESEARCH
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