Jia-ning Dai, Bo-ling Liu, Dan Ji, Lei Yuan, Wen-yuan Zhou, Hua-xiang Li
Antrodia (A) cinnamomea is a precious edible and medicinal mushroom and has attracted attention because of its rare resources and unique bioactivities. The bioactive compounds from the fruit body, mycelium, and fermentation broth of A. cinnamomea include triterpenoids, polysaccharides, antroquinonols, benzenoids, and succinic and maleic acid derivatives. Among these, polysaccharides are very important and are high-content bioactive compounds. The A. cinnamomea polysaccharides (APSs) present numerous biological activities, such as antiviral, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antivascular, immunoregulation, antioxidant, and nerve protection. However, only few studies have focused only on APSs so far. Therefore, the cultivation methods, extraction, isolation, composition, structure, biological activity, and application of APSs are summarized in this review to provide a comprehensive and convenient reference for further research and development on APSs.
{"title":"Extraction, isolation, identification, and bioactivity of polysaccharides from Antrodia cinnamomea","authors":"Jia-ning Dai, Bo-ling Liu, Dan Ji, Lei Yuan, Wen-yuan Zhou, Hua-xiang Li","doi":"10.15586/qas.v15i4.1341","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15586/qas.v15i4.1341","url":null,"abstract":"Antrodia (A) cinnamomea is a precious edible and medicinal mushroom and has attracted attention because of its rare resources and unique bioactivities. The bioactive compounds from the fruit body, mycelium, and fermentation broth of A. cinnamomea include triterpenoids, polysaccharides, antroquinonols, benzenoids, and succinic and maleic acid derivatives. Among these, polysaccharides are very important and are high-content bioactive compounds. The A. cinnamomea polysaccharides (APSs) present numerous biological activities, such as antiviral, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antivascular, immunoregulation, antioxidant, and nerve protection. However, only few studies have focused only on APSs so far. Therefore, the cultivation methods, extraction, isolation, composition, structure, biological activity, and application of APSs are summarized in this review to provide a comprehensive and convenient reference for further research and development on APSs.","PeriodicalId":20868,"journal":{"name":"Quality Assurance and Safety of Crops & Foods","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136312512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aspergillus niger is a major mold-causing spoilage in cereals, fruits and vegetables. Controlling of mold in stored grains is essential for safety of food. Currently, application of microorganisms to control A. niger is a safer and more effective method. In this study, strain XZ30-2 against A. niger was isolated and identified as Bacillus cereus according to morphological and biochemical characteristics as well as 16 Svedberg ribosomal ribonucleic acid (16S rRNA) gene sequence analysis. The investigation of action mechanism showed XZ30-2 culture filtrate caused the mycelia inflated or contract, increasing the membrane permeability, leading to the intracellular leakage and nucleic acids release, disrupting the proton pump, decreasing the ergosterol content, inducing the membrane lipid peroxidation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation in A. niger. Moreover, B. cereus XZ30-2 culture filtrate could produce hydrolases and lipopeptides, including iturin, surfactin and fengycin. This work also evaluated the control effect of XZ30-2 on A. niger in wheat grains, and indicated that 40 μL/g of culture filtrate significantly controlled the infection of A. niger. Therefore, B. cereus XZ30-2 can be developed as a biological agent for controlling A. niger in stored grains.
{"title":"Antimicrobial mechanism and biocontrol effect of Bacillus cereus XZ30-2 on Aspergillus niger","authors":"Yanjie Yi, Zhipeng Hou, Qian Yang, Liuqing Cui, Heng Lu, Ruifang Li, Yang Liu, Yuyanqiao Zhang, Yuan Chen","doi":"10.15586/qas.v15i4.1379","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15586/qas.v15i4.1379","url":null,"abstract":"Aspergillus niger is a major mold-causing spoilage in cereals, fruits and vegetables. Controlling of mold in stored grains is essential for safety of food. Currently, application of microorganisms to control A. niger is a safer and more effective method. In this study, strain XZ30-2 against A. niger was isolated and identified as Bacillus cereus according to morphological and biochemical characteristics as well as 16 Svedberg ribosomal ribonucleic acid (16S rRNA) gene sequence analysis. The investigation of action mechanism showed XZ30-2 culture filtrate caused the mycelia inflated or contract, increasing the membrane permeability, leading to the intracellular leakage and nucleic acids release, disrupting the proton pump, decreasing the ergosterol content, inducing the membrane lipid peroxidation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation in A. niger. Moreover, B. cereus XZ30-2 culture filtrate could produce hydrolases and lipopeptides, including iturin, surfactin and fengycin. This work also evaluated the control effect of XZ30-2 on A. niger in wheat grains, and indicated that 40 μL/g of culture filtrate significantly controlled the infection of A. niger. Therefore, B. cereus XZ30-2 can be developed as a biological agent for controlling A. niger in stored grains.","PeriodicalId":20868,"journal":{"name":"Quality Assurance and Safety of Crops & Foods","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136311393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The clinical efficacy of Shexiang Tongxin pills (STP) on cardiac function, inflammation, and prognosis was investigated in patients with severe heart failure. A total of 140 patients with severe heart failure, diagnosed and treated at the Shaoxing Central Hospital and its affiliates, were divided into control and experimental groups. Patients in the control group received conventional treatment, while those in the experimental group were given STP plus conventional treatment. The cardiac functions, levels of inflammatory factors, and outcomes of 6-minute walk distance (6MWD) were assessed and compared after 12 weeks of intervention. Besides, the rehospitalization and mortality proportions were also determined during a 1-year follow-up. In addition, oxygen-glucose deprivation and reperfusion (OGD/R) were conducted to mimic the injury of H9c2 cells in heart failure; cell survival, cytotoxicity, apoptosis, and inflammatory factors were also evaluated. Post-intervention, patients in the experiment group demonstrated greater improvement in cardiac functions, especially regarding left ventricular end-diastolic diameter and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide, which were significantly decreased, while left ventricular ejection fraction was significantly increased (P < 0.05). Further, the levels of inflammatory factors, including tumor necrosis factor-α, hypersensitive C-reactive-protein, and interleukin 6, were significantly lower (P < 0.05), and a superior 6MWD outcome was observed in patients from the experimental group, compared to the control group (P < 0.05). After 1-year follow-up, both rehospitalization rate and mortality were significantly decreased in the experimental group, compared to the control group (rehospitalization, 38.57% vs. 55.71%, and mortality, 12.86% vs. 27.14%, respectively; P < 0.05). Furthermore, STP increased cell survival and reduced cell apoptosis, cytotoxicity, and inflammatory response in cardiomyocytes induced by OGD/R. Shexiang Tongxin pill demonstrated significant and promising clinical effects in treating severe heart failure by ameliorating cardiac functions, reducing inflammatory factor levels, and improving patients’ prognosis. In addition, STP ameliorated cellular damage and inflammation at cellular level. Thus, STP demonstrated important clinical values.
{"title":"Exploring the efficacy of Shexiang Tongxin extract pills in severe heart failure","authors":"Yanping Zeng, Weixing Ma, Hua Xue, None Xiaohui Ren, None Guanfeng Zhu, None Keming Xiao, None Zhenhua Jiang","doi":"10.15586/qas.v15i4.1340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15586/qas.v15i4.1340","url":null,"abstract":"The clinical efficacy of Shexiang Tongxin pills (STP) on cardiac function, inflammation, and prognosis was investigated in patients with severe heart failure. A total of 140 patients with severe heart failure, diagnosed and treated at the Shaoxing Central Hospital and its affiliates, were divided into control and experimental groups. Patients in the control group received conventional treatment, while those in the experimental group were given STP plus conventional treatment. The cardiac functions, levels of inflammatory factors, and outcomes of 6-minute walk distance (6MWD) were assessed and compared after 12 weeks of intervention. Besides, the rehospitalization and mortality proportions were also determined during a 1-year follow-up. In addition, oxygen-glucose deprivation and reperfusion (OGD/R) were conducted to mimic the injury of H9c2 cells in heart failure; cell survival, cytotoxicity, apoptosis, and inflammatory factors were also evaluated. Post-intervention, patients in the experiment group demonstrated greater improvement in cardiac functions, especially regarding left ventricular end-diastolic diameter and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide, which were significantly decreased, while left ventricular ejection fraction was significantly increased (P < 0.05). Further, the levels of inflammatory factors, including tumor necrosis factor-α, hypersensitive C-reactive-protein, and interleukin 6, were significantly lower (P < 0.05), and a superior 6MWD outcome was observed in patients from the experimental group, compared to the control group (P < 0.05). After 1-year follow-up, both rehospitalization rate and mortality were significantly decreased in the experimental group, compared to the control group (rehospitalization, 38.57% vs. 55.71%, and mortality, 12.86% vs. 27.14%, respectively; P < 0.05). Furthermore, STP increased cell survival and reduced cell apoptosis, cytotoxicity, and inflammatory response in cardiomyocytes induced by OGD/R. Shexiang Tongxin pill demonstrated significant and promising clinical effects in treating severe heart failure by ameliorating cardiac functions, reducing inflammatory factor levels, and improving patients’ prognosis. In addition, STP ameliorated cellular damage and inflammation at cellular level. Thus, STP demonstrated important clinical values.","PeriodicalId":20868,"journal":{"name":"Quality Assurance and Safety of Crops & Foods","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136182797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hayrunnisa Özlü, Burak Çevik, Mustafa Atasever, Muhammet Furkan Sarıalioğlu, Betül Alkan Polat
The addition of poultry and other meats to products made from 100% beef is prohibited in Türkiye. In addition, in Türkiye, where the majority of the population is Muslim, the use of pork and single-hoofed meat is a matter of concern due to religious reasons. This study utilized a sensitive and specific real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method to identify the different meat species in meat products marketed as 100% beef and sold in the eastern Türkiye provinces of Erzurum, Erzincan, Kars, Ağrı, and Bingöl. The real-time PCR method was used to investigate the presence of DNA specific to six animal species (chicken, turkey, pork, horse, donkey, and camel). The analysis revealed no traces of horse, donkey, camel, or pork meat in any of the 100 samples of Turkish fermented sausage (sucuk), salami, and sausage. Contrary to the product labels claiming 100% beef content, poultry DNA residues were identified in a salami sample from Erzincan, while turkey DNA residues were found in sucuk samples from both Ağrı and Kars. The study’s findings reveal that contrary to label information, various types of meat can be present in meat products sold by both trademarked and local butchers. Consequently, this paper emphasizes the need for routine checks on market-sold products to ensure they comply with legislation and avoid consumer deception. Furthermore, the Real-Time PCR method, with its rapid results and high sensitivity, is deemed beneficial for food safety, consumer rights, and the prevention of unfair competition.
{"title":"Investigation of meat species adulteration in beef-based meat products via real-time PCR in Türkiye","authors":"Hayrunnisa Özlü, Burak Çevik, Mustafa Atasever, Muhammet Furkan Sarıalioğlu, Betül Alkan Polat","doi":"10.15586/qas.v15i4.1374","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15586/qas.v15i4.1374","url":null,"abstract":"The addition of poultry and other meats to products made from 100% beef is prohibited in Türkiye. In addition, in Türkiye, where the majority of the population is Muslim, the use of pork and single-hoofed meat is a matter of concern due to religious reasons. This study utilized a sensitive and specific real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method to identify the different meat species in meat products marketed as 100% beef and sold in the eastern Türkiye provinces of Erzurum, Erzincan, Kars, Ağrı, and Bingöl. The real-time PCR method was used to investigate the presence of DNA specific to six animal species (chicken, turkey, pork, horse, donkey, and camel). The analysis revealed no traces of horse, donkey, camel, or pork meat in any of the 100 samples of Turkish fermented sausage (sucuk), salami, and sausage. Contrary to the product labels claiming 100% beef content, poultry DNA residues were identified in a salami sample from Erzincan, while turkey DNA residues were found in sucuk samples from both Ağrı and Kars. The study’s findings reveal that contrary to label information, various types of meat can be present in meat products sold by both trademarked and local butchers. Consequently, this paper emphasizes the need for routine checks on market-sold products to ensure they comply with legislation and avoid consumer deception. Furthermore, the Real-Time PCR method, with its rapid results and high sensitivity, is deemed beneficial for food safety, consumer rights, and the prevention of unfair competition.","PeriodicalId":20868,"journal":{"name":"Quality Assurance and Safety of Crops & Foods","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135254116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Muna M Abbas, Motasim Almasri, Alaeddin Abu-Zant, Shadi Sharef, Sara Mahajne, Khalil Kananbi
Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is an opportunistic pathogen that colonizes the anterior nares of about one-third of the human population. Anterior nares colonization with S. aureus or methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) allows these pathogens to colonize the skin and other anatomical locations. Accordingly, these pathogens may cause different types of endogenous infections. To investigate the prevalence of nasal carriage of S. aureus or MRSA among Palestinian diabetic patients, nasal swabs were taken from 151 diabetic patients, about to undergo invasive surgeries. Thirty-five patients (35.1% of the total patients) were found to be colonized with S. aureus, of which 14 (9.7% of the total patients) were found to be colonized with MRSA. These proportions were higher than those described for the general population (30% and 1.3%, respectively) or even for Palestinian patients in general (25.9% and 2%, respectively). In addition, the proportion of nasal carriage of S. aureus or MRSA among Palestinian diabetic patients was found to be higher than that described for diabetic patients in other countries. Meanwhile, 30 of the 53 isolates (57% of the total isolates) were also found to be multidrug-resistant. Accordingly, the proportion of anterior nares colonization with S. aureus or MRSA in Palestinian diabetic patients was remarkably high.
{"title":"Prevalence of anterior nares colonization of Palestinian diabetic patients with Staphylococcus aureus or methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus","authors":"Muna M Abbas, Motasim Almasri, Alaeddin Abu-Zant, Shadi Sharef, Sara Mahajne, Khalil Kananbi","doi":"10.15586/qas.v15i4.1380","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15586/qas.v15i4.1380","url":null,"abstract":"Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is an opportunistic pathogen that colonizes the anterior nares of about one-third of the human population. Anterior nares colonization with S. aureus or methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) allows these pathogens to colonize the skin and other anatomical locations. Accordingly, these pathogens may cause different types of endogenous infections. To investigate the prevalence of nasal carriage of S. aureus or MRSA among Palestinian diabetic patients, nasal swabs were taken from 151 diabetic patients, about to undergo invasive surgeries. Thirty-five patients (35.1% of the total patients) were found to be colonized with S. aureus, of which 14 (9.7% of the total patients) were found to be colonized with MRSA. These proportions were higher than those described for the general population (30% and 1.3%, respectively) or even for Palestinian patients in general (25.9% and 2%, respectively). In addition, the proportion of nasal carriage of S. aureus or MRSA among Palestinian diabetic patients was found to be higher than that described for diabetic patients in other countries. Meanwhile, 30 of the 53 isolates (57% of the total isolates) were also found to be multidrug-resistant. Accordingly, the proportion of anterior nares colonization with S. aureus or MRSA in Palestinian diabetic patients was remarkably high.","PeriodicalId":20868,"journal":{"name":"Quality Assurance and Safety of Crops & Foods","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135483971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pineapple peel is a food waste with environmental concerns. It can be valorized by extracting its bioactive compound through conventional and emerging technologies such as ohmic heating. However, mycotoxins and heavy metals contaminations could be concerns of such a valorization process. This study assessed the effects of conventional and ohmic heating on selected aflatoxins and metal ions in pineapple peel extract using high- performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Also, energy consumption and environmental impacts of the ohmic process were analyzed. According to the results, the ohmic-based valorization system reduced energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions by more than 83%, contributing to net-zero and sustainable development goals (SDGs). Aflatoxins B1, B2, G1, and G2 were below the detection limit (B1, G1: 0.2µg/kg; B2, G2: 0.1µg/kg). However, ohmic extracts contained higher concentrations of Cr, Pb, Ni, and Fe because of electrochemical reactions and electrode corrosion. Despite the capability of ohmic valorization systems, inspecting food waste and valorized products for hazardous chemicals and investing in durable electrodes (e.g., titanium) are among the considerations for ohmic systems’ industrial implementation.
{"title":"Valorized pineapple waste by conventional and energy-saving ohmic extraction: potentially toxic elements and mycotoxin contamination","authors":"Mohsen Gavahian","doi":"10.15586/qas.v15i4.1361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15586/qas.v15i4.1361","url":null,"abstract":"Pineapple peel is a food waste with environmental concerns. It can be valorized by extracting its bioactive compound through conventional and emerging technologies such as ohmic heating. However, mycotoxins and heavy metals contaminations could be concerns of such a valorization process. This study assessed the effects of conventional and ohmic heating on selected aflatoxins and metal ions in pineapple peel extract using high- performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Also, energy consumption and environmental impacts of the ohmic process were analyzed. According to the results, the ohmic-based valorization system reduced energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions by more than 83%, contributing to net-zero and sustainable development goals (SDGs). Aflatoxins B1, B2, G1, and G2 were below the detection limit (B1, G1: 0.2µg/kg; B2, G2: 0.1µg/kg). However, ohmic extracts contained higher concentrations of Cr, Pb, Ni, and Fe because of electrochemical reactions and electrode corrosion. Despite the capability of ohmic valorization systems, inspecting food waste and valorized products for hazardous chemicals and investing in durable electrodes (e.g., titanium) are among the considerations for ohmic systems’ industrial implementation.","PeriodicalId":20868,"journal":{"name":"Quality Assurance and Safety of Crops & Foods","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135648601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jianxun Zhu, Shasha Fan, Min He, Nan Wang, Xiaoru Xu, Jingxiang Pang, Yu Yan, Li Li, Jiale Yang, Wen-Te Chang, Tung-Ti Chang, Ye Zhao, Jinxiang Han, Mengmeng Sun
The pharmacological properties of velvet antler, a well-known animal-derived traditional Chinese medicine material and functional food, are extensively acknowledged globally. However, there are significant restrictions on the quality standard and control system of velvet antler. The four quality grades of velvet antler slices taken from Cervus nippon Temminck and Cervus elaphus Linnaeus were evaluated in this study using delayed luminescence (DL) and chemical analysis of protein and amino acid content. Our results demonstrated a significant degree of consistency in the assessment impacts of the measurements for identifying velvet antler slices of different quality grades from Cervus nippon Temminck and Cervus elaphus Linnaeus. Additionally, it is possible to distinguish velvet antler slices of Rangifer tarandus from those of other deer species by exploiting DL parameters (i.e., I0, Beta, Tau, and T). Moreover, there is a strong correlation between the DL parameters and particular amino acids detected in velvet antler slices. As an innovative, quick, and systematic methodology, DL enables the examination of the overall property of various grades of velvet antler slices. The integrated assessment using DL and chemical components can give a novel method for determining the quality of animal-derived herbs and functional foods.
{"title":"Quality-grade analysis of velvet antler materials using ultra-weak delayed luminescence combined with chemometrics","authors":"Jianxun Zhu, Shasha Fan, Min He, Nan Wang, Xiaoru Xu, Jingxiang Pang, Yu Yan, Li Li, Jiale Yang, Wen-Te Chang, Tung-Ti Chang, Ye Zhao, Jinxiang Han, Mengmeng Sun","doi":"10.15586/qas.v15i4.1311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15586/qas.v15i4.1311","url":null,"abstract":"The pharmacological properties of velvet antler, a well-known animal-derived traditional Chinese medicine material and functional food, are extensively acknowledged globally. However, there are significant restrictions on the quality standard and control system of velvet antler. The four quality grades of velvet antler slices taken from Cervus nippon Temminck and Cervus elaphus Linnaeus were evaluated in this study using delayed luminescence (DL) and chemical analysis of protein and amino acid content. Our results demonstrated a significant degree of consistency in the assessment impacts of the measurements for identifying velvet antler slices of different quality grades from Cervus nippon Temminck and Cervus elaphus Linnaeus. Additionally, it is possible to distinguish velvet antler slices of Rangifer tarandus from those of other deer species by exploiting DL parameters (i.e., I0, Beta, Tau, and T). Moreover, there is a strong correlation between the DL parameters and particular amino acids detected in velvet antler slices. As an innovative, quick, and systematic methodology, DL enables the examination of the overall property of various grades of velvet antler slices. The integrated assessment using DL and chemical components can give a novel method for determining the quality of animal-derived herbs and functional foods.","PeriodicalId":20868,"journal":{"name":"Quality Assurance and Safety of Crops & Foods","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135900266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gastric cancer is currently the 4th most common malignant tumor with a poor prognosis in 2022. New and effective drugs are needed to combat this disease to treat advanced gastric cancer. Tectorigenin (Tec) has a series of pharmacological activities, such as anti-inflammatory and anticancer. However, the effect of Tec on the progression of gastric cancer is unclear. In this study, we investigated the role of Tec in regulating cell viability, cell cycle, and tumor growth of gastric cancer. To detect the role of Tec in the progression of gastric cancer in vitro and in mice, we performed several in vitro assays such as MTT, colony formation, wound closure, transwell, Immunoblot assays, and in vivo tumor growth assays. Our data confirmed that Tec restrained the viability of gastric cancer cells at concentrations of 100, 200, and 300 μM. It also denied the motility of gastric cancer cells. Tec treatment also induced the cell cycle arrest of gastric cancer cells. Mechanically, Tec could suppress the activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway and stop gastric cancer progression. We, therefore, thought Tec could serve as a drug for treating gastric cancer.
{"title":"Tectorigenin suppresses the viability of gastric cancer cells in vivo and in vitro","authors":"Wenchong Song, Weiwei Lv, Ning Bi, Guanglin Wang","doi":"10.15586/qas.v15i3.1357","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15586/qas.v15i3.1357","url":null,"abstract":"Gastric cancer is currently the 4th most common malignant tumor with a poor prognosis in 2022. New and effective drugs are needed to combat this disease to treat advanced gastric cancer. Tectorigenin (Tec) has a series of pharmacological activities, such as anti-inflammatory and anticancer. However, the effect of Tec on the progression of gastric cancer is unclear. In this study, we investigated the role of Tec in regulating cell viability, cell cycle, and tumor growth of gastric cancer. To detect the role of Tec in the progression of gastric cancer in vitro and in mice, we performed several in vitro assays such as MTT, colony formation, wound closure, transwell, Immunoblot assays, and in vivo tumor growth assays. Our data confirmed that Tec restrained the viability of gastric cancer cells at concentrations of 100, 200, and 300 μM. It also denied the motility of gastric cancer cells. Tec treatment also induced the cell cycle arrest of gastric cancer cells. Mechanically, Tec could suppress the activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway and stop gastric cancer progression. We, therefore, thought Tec could serve as a drug for treating gastric cancer.","PeriodicalId":20868,"journal":{"name":"Quality Assurance and Safety of Crops & Foods","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136237795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zeynep Hazal Tekin-Cakmak, Vladamir P. Shamanin, Salih Karasu, Inna V. Pоtоtskaya, Sergey S. Shepelev, Alexandr S. Chursin, Alexey I. Morgounov, Mustafa Yaman, Osman Sagdic, Hamit Koksel
In this study, the different colored wheat brans were analyzed and compared for phenolic content (PC), phenolic compositions, and the total antioxidant capacity (TEAC) with methods based on the ability to eliminate radicals of 2,2'-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS), 2,2-diphenyl-1-(2,4,6-trinitrophenyl) hydrazyl (DPPH), and anthocyanin compositions. This study also aims to characterize the bioactive components of wheat grain genotypes as well as to test the protective and rescuer effects of their extracts on colorectal cancer (CRC) cell lines. PCs in the bound insoluble fraction of red wheat bran, blue wheat bran, and purple wheat bran were determined as 369.60, 446.95, and 486.79 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/100 g wheat bran, respectively, while strong relationships were detected between PC and antioxidant activity (DPPH and ABTS) results. HPLC anal-ysis of phenolic extracts demonstrated that ferulic acid was determined as the dominant phenolic acid in the bound fractions of red, purple, and blue wheats. In the free fractions, p-coumaric acid (11.55 µg/100 g wheat bran) was the dominant phenolic acid for red wheat bran, whereas ellagic acid (14.72 and 11.55 µg/100 g wheat bran) was the highest phenolic acid for purple and blue wheat brans, respectively. In bound fractions, ferulic acid was the highest phenolic acid for red (988.39 µg/100 g wheat bran), purple (1948.76 µg/100 g wheat bran), and blue (2263.96 µg/100 g wheat bran) wheat brans. On the other hand, Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside chloride was the predominant anthocyanin in free extracts of purple and blue wheat brans. In line with the antioxidant activities and phenolic acid concentrations, the blue wheat bran extracts increased CRC cell viability nonsignificantly in HT-29 and HCT-116 cell lines, whereas purple wheat bran extract had a significantly higher (P = 0.0361) rescuer effect compared to vehicle control under 50 µM H2O2 concentration. In conclusion, the in vitro data here show that blue and purple wheat brans are posing a novel means to increase the defense of cells against oxidative stress and cell death.
{"title":"Effects of phenolic compounds of colored wheats on colorectal cancer cell lines","authors":"Zeynep Hazal Tekin-Cakmak, Vladamir P. Shamanin, Salih Karasu, Inna V. Pоtоtskaya, Sergey S. Shepelev, Alexandr S. Chursin, Alexey I. Morgounov, Mustafa Yaman, Osman Sagdic, Hamit Koksel","doi":"10.15586/qas.v15i4.1354","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15586/qas.v15i4.1354","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, the different colored wheat brans were analyzed and compared for phenolic content (PC), phenolic compositions, and the total antioxidant capacity (TEAC) with methods based on the ability to eliminate radicals of 2,2'-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS), 2,2-diphenyl-1-(2,4,6-trinitrophenyl) hydrazyl (DPPH), and anthocyanin compositions. This study also aims to characterize the bioactive components of wheat grain genotypes as well as to test the protective and rescuer effects of their extracts on colorectal cancer (CRC) cell lines. PCs in the bound insoluble fraction of red wheat bran, blue wheat bran, and purple wheat bran were determined as 369.60, 446.95, and 486.79 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/100 g wheat bran, respectively, while strong relationships were detected between PC and antioxidant activity (DPPH and ABTS) results. HPLC anal-ysis of phenolic extracts demonstrated that ferulic acid was determined as the dominant phenolic acid in the bound fractions of red, purple, and blue wheats. In the free fractions, p-coumaric acid (11.55 µg/100 g wheat bran) was the dominant phenolic acid for red wheat bran, whereas ellagic acid (14.72 and 11.55 µg/100 g wheat bran) was the highest phenolic acid for purple and blue wheat brans, respectively. In bound fractions, ferulic acid was the highest phenolic acid for red (988.39 µg/100 g wheat bran), purple (1948.76 µg/100 g wheat bran), and blue (2263.96 µg/100 g wheat bran) wheat brans. On the other hand, Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside chloride was the predominant anthocyanin in free extracts of purple and blue wheat brans. In line with the antioxidant activities and phenolic acid concentrations, the blue wheat bran extracts increased CRC cell viability nonsignificantly in HT-29 and HCT-116 cell lines, whereas purple wheat bran extract had a significantly higher (P = 0.0361) rescuer effect compared to vehicle control under 50 µM H2O2 concentration. In conclusion, the in vitro data here show that blue and purple wheat brans are posing a novel means to increase the defense of cells against oxidative stress and cell death.","PeriodicalId":20868,"journal":{"name":"Quality Assurance and Safety of Crops & Foods","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135491217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yong Liu, Yafei Wang, Guoxin Ma, Bin Wang, Xiaoxue Du, Qiang Shi, J. Ni, H. Mao
In order to investigate the effects of N and K on the mechanical properties of cucumber stems, the physiological and biochemical indexes under different N and K conditions were compared. The analysis showed that the pho-tosynthetic rate was affected by both stress and the self-senescence of cucumber plants, and that the crops under N and K stress were stimulated to activate a highly effective antioxidant system to cope with the damage. Sugar, as the basis for the synthesis and structure formation of the stems, was highly related to stem strength, and polyphenol oxidase in the study of stem strength was limited but indispensable. Compared with CK, the epidermal penetration strength under LN, LNLK, and LNHK treatments increased by at least 10%, while the strength under HN, LK, HNLK, and HNHK treatments decreased by at least 7%. To sum up, it was the photosynthesis rate, the sucrose transportation, as well as the futile cycling of K+ that were the keys of stem strength.
{"title":"Mechanical properties of stem and physiological–biochemical responses of cucumber under different N and K conditions","authors":"Yong Liu, Yafei Wang, Guoxin Ma, Bin Wang, Xiaoxue Du, Qiang Shi, J. Ni, H. Mao","doi":"10.15586/qas.v14i1.1035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15586/qas.v14i1.1035","url":null,"abstract":"In order to investigate the effects of N and K on the mechanical properties of cucumber stems, the physiological and biochemical indexes under different N and K conditions were compared. The analysis showed that the pho-tosynthetic rate was affected by both stress and the self-senescence of cucumber plants, and that the crops under N and K stress were stimulated to activate a highly effective antioxidant system to cope with the damage. Sugar, as the basis for the synthesis and structure formation of the stems, was highly related to stem strength, and polyphenol oxidase in the study of stem strength was limited but indispensable. Compared with CK, the epidermal penetration strength under LN, LNLK, and LNHK treatments increased by at least 10%, while the strength under HN, LK, HNLK, and HNHK treatments decreased by at least 7%. To sum up, it was the photosynthesis rate, the sucrose transportation, as well as the futile cycling of K+ that were the keys of stem strength.","PeriodicalId":20868,"journal":{"name":"Quality Assurance and Safety of Crops & Foods","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48684448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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