Respiratory investigation最新文献

英文中文

The causal relationship between bronchiectasis and non-tuberculous mycobacteria infections: A bidirectional Mendelian randomization study and meta-analysis 支气管扩张和非结核分枝杆菌感染之间的因果关系：双向孟德尔随机研究和荟萃分析。

IF 2 Q2 RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

Respiratory investigation

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.resinv.2026.101387

Jing Gu , Yuxuan Chen , Rui Xiao , Lei Gu , Wei Liu , Jing Lin , Tao Chen , Jian Yue , Jian-he Gan

Background

Observational studies have suggested a bidirectional association between bronchiectasis and non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) infections. However, the causal association between bronchiectasis and NTM infection remains unclear. This study is aimed to investigate whether bronchiectasis and NTM infection are causally related.

Methods

The data related to bronchiectasis and NTM infection were collected from the IEU Open GWAS project. A bi-directional Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was performed to examine the direction of the causal relation between bronchiectasis and NTM infection. Meta-analysis would be conducted if the results of MR were inconsistent.

Results

Bronchiectasis increased NTM infection risk, with an odds ratio (OR) of 1.42 (Dataset:finn-b-MYCOBLUNGATYPICA, 95% CI: 1.09-1.85; p = 0.009) and 1.32 (Dataset: finn-b-AB1_OTHER_MYCOBAC, 95% CI: 1.02, 1.71; p = 0.036) from the bronchiectasis (1107 bronchiectasis cases and 186,723 controls) genome-wide association study, respectively. On the other hand, NTM infection (Dataset:finn-b-MYCOBLUNGATYPICA) increased the risk of bronchiectasis, with an OR of 1.06 (95% CI: 1.02-1.11; p = 0.007). However, there was no evidence of a causal effect of NTM infection (Dataset: finn-b-AB1_OTHER_MYCOBAC) on the risk of bronchiectasis, with an OR of 1.02 (95%CI: 0.96-1.08; p = 0.57). In meta-analysis based on the two datasets, NTM infection was associated with an increased risk of bronchiectasis, with an OR of 1.05 (95% CI: 1.01-1.08; p < 0.001).

Conclusions

Bronchiectasis increases the risk of NTM infection and vice versa, which indicate the need for vigilant monitoring and management of both conditions to mitigate their interrelated risks.

背景：观察性研究表明支气管扩张和非结核分枝杆菌（NTM）感染之间存在双向关联。然而，支气管扩张和NTM感染之间的因果关系尚不清楚。本研究旨在探讨支气管扩张与NTM感染是否存在因果关系。方法：收集IEU Open GWAS项目中与支气管扩张和NTM感染相关的资料。采用双向孟德尔随机化（MR）分析，探讨支气管扩张与NTM感染之间的因果关系。若MR结果不一致，将进行meta分析。结果：支气管扩张增加了NTM感染的风险，在支气管扩张（1107例支气管扩张病例和186,723例对照）全基因组关联研究中，比值比（OR）分别为1.42（数据集：fin -b- mycobrongatypica， 95% CI: 1.09-1.85; p = 0.009）和1.32（数据集：fin -b- ab1_other_mycobac， 95% CI: 1.02, 1.71; p = 0.036）。另一方面，NTM感染（Dataset:fin -b- mycobrongatypica）增加了支气管扩张的风险，OR为1.06 （95% CI: 1.02-1.11; p = 0.007）。然而，没有证据表明NTM感染（Dataset: fin -b- ab1_other_mycobac）与支气管扩张的风险有因果关系，OR为1.02 （95%CI: 0.96-1.08; p = 0.57）。在基于两个数据集的荟萃分析中，NTM感染与支气管扩张的风险增加相关，OR为1.05 （95% CI: 1.01-1.08; p）。结论：支气管扩张增加NTM感染的风险，反之亦然，这表明需要对这两种情况进行警惕监测和管理，以减轻其相关风险。

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引用次数: 0

The efficacy of transbronchial lung cryobiopsy for chronic progressive changes after remission of anti-MDA5 antibody-positive interstitial lung disease: a report of two cases 经支气管肺低温活检治疗抗mda5抗体阳性间质性肺疾病缓解后慢性进行性变化的疗效：附2例报告

IF 2 Q2 RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

Respiratory investigation

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.resinv.2026.101390

Sanshiro Haga , Ryota Otoshi , Hiroe Aramaki , Akihiro Kanzawa , Akimasa Sekine , Tomohisa Baba , Tomoe Sawazumi , Tamiko Takemura , Daiga Kishimoto , Takashi Ogura

Anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (MDA5) antibody-positive interstitial lung disease (RP-ILD) may deteriorate even after remission with initial multidrug therapy. We report two cases of chronic progressive changes after remission. Transbronchial lung cryobiopsy (TBLC) identified distinct pathological processes: advanced fibrosis in one case and inflammatory relapse in the other, which directly guided therapeutic decisions. Rising antibody titers preceded deterioration in both cases. TBLC enabled accurate differentiation between relapse and fibrotic progression, emphasizing its utility in long-term management. Persistent serologic activity warrants close follow-up, and TBLC may aid in selecting individualized treatment strategies in post-remission deterioration.

抗黑色素瘤分化相关基因5 （MDA5）抗体阳性的间质性肺疾病（RP-ILD）即使在最初的多药治疗缓解后也可能恶化。我们报告两例缓解后的慢性进行性变化。经支气管肺低温活检（TBLC）发现了不同的病理过程：一例晚期纤维化，另一例炎症复发，这直接指导了治疗决策。在这两种情况下，抗体滴度升高先于病情恶化。TBLC能够准确区分复发和纤维化进展，强调其在长期治疗中的效用。持续的血清学活动需要密切随访，TBLC可能有助于选择缓解后恶化的个体化治疗策略。

引用次数: 0

Both DLCO and KCO are vital indices in assessment of diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide by the single-breath method DLCO和KCO是单呼吸法评价一氧化碳扩散能力的重要指标。

IF 2 Q2 RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

Respiratory investigation

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.resinv.2026.101382

Masafumi Yamamoto , Masaharu Nishimura , Kaoruko Shimizu , Naoki Yamashita , Hideki Goto , Hironi Makita , Ichiro Kuwahira , Takanori Teshima , Satoshi Konno

The measurement of diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DL_CO) is an invaluable pulmonary function test for assessing gas exchange in the lungs. Typically, the test is conducted via the single-breath method, wherein after maximum inhalation of carbon monoxide and helium simultaneously, the breath is held for 10 s. The test provides the single value of DL_CO, and sometimes, the DL_CO corrected by alveolar volume (V_A) at the measurement. However, DL_CO is the product of two independent components in reality—the transfer coefficient for carbon monoxide (K_CO) and V_A. Conventionally, K_CO has often been expressed as DL_CO/V_A. In this report, we will demonstrate the change in relationship of DL_CO with K_CO uniquely and characteristically due to emphysema, fibrosis, and their combined disease. Therefore, the assessment of both indices is highly desirable in the precise interpretation of the test. The term “K_CO” is preferable to DL_CO/V_A to avoid misleading.

肺一氧化碳弥散能力（DLCO）的测量是一个宝贵的肺功能测试评估气体交换在肺部。通常，测试是通过单呼吸法进行的，其中在同时最大限度地吸入一氧化碳和氦气后，呼吸保持10秒。该试验提供DLCO的单一值，有时在测量时通过肺泡容积（VA）校正DLCO。然而，DLCO实际上是两个独立分量的乘积——一氧化碳的传递系数（KCO）和VA。传统上，KCO常被表示为DLCO/VA。在本报告中，我们将展示由于肺气肿、纤维化及其合并疾病，DLCO与KCO之间关系的变化。因此，在测试的精确解释中，这两个指标的评估是非常可取的。术语“KCO”比DLCO/VA更可取，以避免误导。

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引用次数: 0

Effects of olfactory stimulation with L-menthol on sensations of discomfort on exertion in patients with chronic lung diseases l -薄荷醇嗅觉刺激对慢性肺病患者运动不应感的影响。

IF 2 Q2 RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

Respiratory investigation

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.resinv.2026.101380

Soh Imamura , Takeshi Inagaki , Koichiro Tatsumi , Mitsuhiro Abe , Jun Ikari , Takeshi Kawasaki , Hideki Katsura , Yuri Suzuki , Megumi Katsumata , Takuro Imamoto , Yoshihito Ozawa , Seiichiro Sakao , Takuji Suzuki

Background

Olfactory stimulation with L-menthol may reduce certain discomfort sensations, including dyspnea. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and idiopathic interstitial pneumonias (IIPs) have distinct physiological characteristics and may elicit different qualitative sensations of dyspnea. Therefore, the qualitative effects of L-menthol inhalation on dyspnea may differ between these chronic lung diseases (CLDs). This study aimed to determine which aspects of dyspnea are influenced by olfactory stimulation with L-menthol in patients with CLDs.

Methods

Thirty-four patients with stable COPD or IIPs (17 each) performed a 6-min walk test (6MWT) under two conditions: wearing a surgical mask alone (control) or wearing a mask with a peppermint oil aroma sticker (0.105 ml, containing 30% L-menthol). A modified Borg scale, the Multidimensional Dyspnea Profile (MDP), and the Language of Dyspnea Questionnaire (LDQ) were used to evaluate endpoints. The 6MWT was selected to induce breathlessness with and without L-menthol.

Results

In the COPD group, L-menthol significantly improved Mental breathing effort on the MDP, and Rapid, Gasping, and Air hunger on the LDQ. In the IIPs group, L-menthol improved only the MDP Hyperpnea dimension. No significant differences were observed in the modified Borg scale before and after the 6MWT between L-menthol and control conditions in either group.

Conclusions

Olfactory stimulation with L-menthol selectively improved aspects of dyspnea in patients with COPD and IIPs, likely reflecting differences in the pathophysiology and severity of each disease.

Trial registration

Japan Registry of Clinical Trials (jRCTs031200400).

背景：用l -薄荷醇刺激嗅觉可以减轻某些不适感，包括呼吸困难。慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）和特发性间质性肺炎（IIPs）具有不同的生理特征，可引起不同的呼吸困难的定性感觉。因此，l -薄荷醇吸入对呼吸困难的定性影响可能在这些慢性肺部疾病（CLDs）之间有所不同。本研究旨在确定CLDs患者呼吸困难的哪些方面受到l -薄荷醇嗅觉刺激的影响。方法：34例稳定期COPD或IIPs患者（各17例）在两种条件下进行6分钟步行试验（6MWT）：单独佩戴外科口罩（对照组）或佩戴带有薄荷油香气贴纸（0.105 ml，含30% l -薄荷醇）的口罩。采用改进的Borg量表、多维呼吸困难量表（MDP）和呼吸困难语言问卷（LDQ）来评估终点。选择6MWT诱导有和不含l -薄荷醇的呼吸困难。结果：在COPD组中，l -薄荷醇显著改善了MDP的精神呼吸努力，显著改善了LDQ的快速、喘息和空气饥饿。在IIPs组，l -薄荷醇仅改善MDP呼吸急促维度。l -薄荷醇与对照组在6MWT前后的改良Borg量表均无显著差异。结论：l -薄荷醇的嗅觉刺激选择性地改善了COPD和IIPs患者呼吸困难的各个方面，可能反映了每种疾病的病理生理和严重程度的差异。试验注册：日本临床试验注册中心（jRCTs031200400）。

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引用次数: 0

Corrigendum to "Transcutaneous CO₂ and O₂ monitoring during walking with a high-flow nasal cannula in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease" [Respir Invest, Volume 63, Issue 5, September 2025, Pages 887-897]. “慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者使用高流量鼻插管行走时经皮CO2和O2监测”的更正[呼吸投资，第63卷，第5期，2025年9月，887-897页]。

IF 2 Q2 RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

Respiratory investigation

Pub Date : 2026-01-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.resinv.2025.101366

Akira Umeda, Akane Morito, Masahiro Ishizaka, Akihiro Ito, Yukihiro Ogawa, Yuki Kawai, Yuta Hanawa, Naotaka Onodera, Yoshiaki Endo, Isato Fukushi, Kotaro Takeda, Taichi Mochizuki, Yasushi Inoue, Yasuo To, Seiichiro Sakao, Kenji Tsushima, Kazuyuki Chibana, Hideaki Yamasawa, Satoshi Fuke, Sarah Kesler, David Gozal, Yasumasa Okada

引用次数: 0

Desaturation in the six-minute walk test predicts progressive pulmonary fibrosis in fibrotic interstitial lung disease 6分钟步行试验中的去饱和预测纤维化间质性肺疾病的进行性肺纤维化

IF 2 Q2 RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

Respiratory investigation

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.resinv.2025.11.013

Reoto Takei , Jun Fukihara , Yasuhiko Yamano , Kensuke Kataoka , Tomoki Kimura , Fumiko Watanabe , Taiki Furukawa , Junya Fukuoka , Takeshi Johkoh , Yasuhiro Kondoh

Background

The 6-min walk test (6MWT) is a widely used functional test that assesses desaturation on exercise. However, the clinical impact of desaturation on progressive pulmonary fibrosis (PPF) has been insufficiently studied. We aimed to evaluate the association between desaturation and future progression in patients with fibrotic interstitial lung disease (FILD).

Methods

We retrospectively analysed consecutive patients with FILD from 2008 to 2015. Desaturation was defined as oxygen saturation measured by pulse oximetry (SpO₂) at the end of the 6MWT being less than 90 %. It was divided into two groups: mild (SpO₂ was 89 %) and moderate desaturation (SpO₂ was 88 % or less).

Results

Among 810 patients, 498 (61.5 %) had desaturation (45 mild and 453 moderate). Multivariable Cox proportional hazard analysis showed desaturation was associated with a higher mortality (HR: 1.69, 95 % CI: 1.37–2.08, p < 0.0001). Both mild and moderate desaturation were also associated with a higher mortality compared with no desaturation, although there was no significant difference between them. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that desaturation was associated with PPF in the overall cohort (OR: 2.20, 95 % CI: 1.59–3.05, p < 0.0001), in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) (OR: 2.59, 95 % CI: 1.56–4.29, p = 0.0002), and in patients with non-IPF FILD (OR: 1.86, 95 % CI: 1.17–2.96, p = 0.0091).

Conclusions

Desaturation in the 6MWT was associated with future risk of progression in patients with newly diagnosed FILD.

6分钟步行测试（6MWT）是一种广泛使用的功能测试，用于评估运动时的去饱和。然而，去饱和对进行性肺纤维化（PPF）的临床影响尚未得到充分研究。我们旨在评估纤维化间质性肺疾病（field）患者去饱和与未来进展之间的关系。方法回顾性分析2008 - 2015年连续发生的field患者。去饱和定义为在6MWT结束时通过脉搏血氧仪（SpO2）测量的氧饱和度小于90%。分为轻度（SpO2为89%）和中度（SpO2为88%或以下）两组。结果810例患者中有498例（61.5%）发生过血饱和度过低，其中轻度45例，中度453例。多变量Cox比例风险分析显示，去饱和与较高的死亡率相关（HR: 1.69, 95% CI: 1.37-2.08, p < 0.0001）。与不去饱和相比，轻度和中度去饱和也与更高的死亡率相关，尽管两者之间没有显著差异。多变量logistic回归分析显示，在整个队列（OR: 2.20, 95% CI: 1.59-3.05, p < 0.0001）、特发性肺纤维化（IPF）患者（OR: 2.59, 95% CI: 1.56-4.29, p = 0.0002）和非IPF field患者（OR: 1.86, 95% CI: 1.17-2.96, p = 0.0091）中，去饱和与PPF相关。结论：6MWT的去饱和与新诊断的field患者未来的进展风险相关。

{"title":"Desaturation in the six-minute walk test predicts progressive pulmonary fibrosis in fibrotic interstitial lung disease","authors":"Reoto Takei , Jun Fukihara , Yasuhiko Yamano , Kensuke Kataoka , Tomoki Kimura , Fumiko Watanabe , Taiki Furukawa , Junya Fukuoka , Takeshi Johkoh , Yasuhiro Kondoh","doi":"10.1016/j.resinv.2025.11.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resinv.2025.11.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The 6-min walk test (6MWT) is a widely used functional test that assesses desaturation on exercise. However, the clinical impact of desaturation on progressive pulmonary fibrosis (PPF) has been insufficiently studied. We aimed to evaluate the association between desaturation and future progression in patients with fibrotic interstitial lung disease (FILD).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We retrospectively analysed consecutive patients with FILD from 2008 to 2015. Desaturation was defined as oxygen saturation measured by pulse oximetry (SpO<sub>2</sub>) at the end of the 6MWT being less than 90 %. It was divided into two groups: mild (SpO<sub>2</sub> was 89 %) and moderate desaturation (SpO<sub>2</sub> was 88 % or less).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 810 patients, 498 (61.5 %) had desaturation (45 mild and 453 moderate). Multivariable Cox proportional hazard analysis showed desaturation was associated with a higher mortality (HR: 1.69, 95 % CI: 1.37–2.08, p < 0.0001). Both mild and moderate desaturation were also associated with a higher mortality compared with no desaturation, although there was no significant difference between them. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that desaturation was associated with PPF in the overall cohort (OR: 2.20, 95 % CI: 1.59–3.05, p < 0.0001), in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) (OR: 2.59, 95 % CI: 1.56–4.29, p = 0.0002), and in patients with non-IPF FILD (OR: 1.86, 95 % CI: 1.17–2.96, p = 0.0091).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Desaturation in the 6MWT was associated with future risk of progression in patients with newly diagnosed FILD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20934,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory investigation","volume":"64 1","pages":"Article 101334"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145616017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Critical appraisal of “Effects of Daikin air purifiers on asthma control and pulmonary function: A multicenter, single-arm, observational pilot study” “大金空气净化器对哮喘控制和肺功能的影响：一项多中心、单臂、观察性初步研究”的批判性评价

IF 2 Q2 RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

Respiratory investigation

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.resinv.2025.11.004

Parth Aphale, Himanshu Shekhar, Shashank Dokania

引用次数: 0

Clinical characteristics and healthcare resource utilization among patients hospitalized for pulmonary tuberculosis: A national inpatient database study in Japan 肺结核住院患者的临床特征和医疗资源利用：日本国家住院患者数据库研究

IF 2 Q2 RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

Respiratory investigation

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.resinv.2025.11.007

Jumpei Taniguchi , Shotaro Aso , Hiroki Matsui , Kiyohide Fushimi , Hideo Yasunaga

Background

In Japan, discharge for pulmonary tuberculosis requires microbiological confirmation of non-infectivity, leading to prolonged hospitalization. International guidelines increasingly support early discharge based on clinical stability. This study aimed to describe the clinical characteristics and healthcare utilization of hospitalized tuberculosis patients in Japan and to estimate the proportion potentially eligible for early discharge and associated cost savings.

Methods

This nationwide retrospective cohort study analyzed patients hospitalized for pulmonary tuberculosis, who received rifampicin and isoniazid within 7 days of admission. Data were extracted from an inpatient claims database between June 2010 and March 2023. Patients who met the following predefined clinical criteria were eligible for early discharge: absence of drug resistance, absence of severe comorbidities, and functional independence. Cost simulation was performed under the assumption that patients eligible for early discharge were discharged 14 days after treatment initiation.

Results

Overall, 22,634 patients were eligible. Their mean age was 71.1 years; approximately 40 % required some assistance with activities of daily living. The mean length of hospitalization was 59.2 days (standard deviation, 50.7); the median hospitalization cost was USD 8,974 (interquartile range, 5,696–14,706). Overall, 32.9 % of patients met the criteria for early discharge. Under the hypothetical early discharge scenario, the median estimated cost saving per patient was USD 4,625 (interquartile range, 2,332–8,560).

Conclusions

Early discharge may be feasible for a subset of hospitalized pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Japan and could contribute toward optimizing healthcare resource utilization by reducing hospitalization costs.

背景：在日本，肺结核的出院需要微生物学证实非传染性，导致住院时间延长。国际指南越来越多地支持基于临床稳定性的早期出院。本研究旨在描述日本住院结核病患者的临床特征和医疗保健利用情况，并估计可能符合早期出院条件的比例和相关的费用节约。方法本研究是一项全国性的回顾性队列研究，对住院7天内接受利福平和异烟肼治疗的肺结核患者进行分析。数据提取自2010年6月至2023年3月期间的住院患者索赔数据库。符合以下预定义临床标准的患者有资格提前出院：无耐药性，无严重合并症，功能独立。假设符合提前出院条件的患者在治疗开始后14天出院，进行成本模拟。结果共纳入22634例患者。平均年龄71.1岁；大约40%的患者在日常生活活动中需要一些帮助。平均住院时间59.2天（标准差50.7）；住院费用中位数为8,974美元（四分位数范围为5,696-14,706）。总体而言，32.9%的患者符合早期出院标准。在假设提前出院的情况下，每位患者节省的成本中位数为4,625美元（四分位数范围为2,332-8,560）。结论日本部分住院肺结核患者早期出院是可行的，可以通过降低住院费用来优化医疗资源利用。

{"title":"Clinical characteristics and healthcare resource utilization among patients hospitalized for pulmonary tuberculosis: A national inpatient database study in Japan","authors":"Jumpei Taniguchi , Shotaro Aso , Hiroki Matsui , Kiyohide Fushimi , Hideo Yasunaga","doi":"10.1016/j.resinv.2025.11.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resinv.2025.11.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>In Japan, discharge for pulmonary tuberculosis requires microbiological confirmation of non-infectivity, leading to prolonged hospitalization. International guidelines increasingly support early discharge based on clinical stability. This study aimed to describe the clinical characteristics and healthcare utilization of hospitalized tuberculosis patients in Japan and to estimate the proportion potentially eligible for early discharge and associated cost savings.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This nationwide retrospective cohort study analyzed patients hospitalized for pulmonary tuberculosis, who received rifampicin and isoniazid within 7 days of admission. Data were extracted from an inpatient claims database between June 2010 and March 2023. Patients who met the following predefined clinical criteria were eligible for early discharge: absence of drug resistance, absence of severe comorbidities, and functional independence. Cost simulation was performed under the assumption that patients eligible for early discharge were discharged 14 days after treatment initiation.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Overall, 22,634 patients were eligible. Their mean age was 71.1 years; approximately 40 % required some assistance with activities of daily living. The mean length of hospitalization was 59.2 days (standard deviation, 50.7); the median hospitalization cost was USD 8,974 (interquartile range, 5,696–14,706). Overall, 32.9 % of patients met the criteria for early discharge. Under the hypothetical early discharge scenario, the median estimated cost saving per patient was USD 4,625 (interquartile range, 2,332–8,560).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Early discharge may be feasible for a subset of hospitalized pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Japan and could contribute toward optimizing healthcare resource utilization by reducing hospitalization costs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20934,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory investigation","volume":"64 1","pages":"Article 101328"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145532472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

IL1RL1 rs11685480 polymorphism is associated with IL-33/IL1RL1 pathway activity and asthma severity in a Japanese population IL1RL1 rs11685480多态性与IL-33/IL1RL1通路活性和日本人群哮喘严重程度相关

IF 2 Q2 RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

Respiratory investigation

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.resinv.2025.101362

Keita Hirai , Saya Kobayashi , Yuuka Ogasawara , Sekiko Uehara , Taisuke Akamatsu , Toshihiro Shirai , Kunihiko Itoh

Background

Severe asthma is characterized by frequent exacerbations and reduced quality of life. Determining the factors that influence disease severity is essential for optimizing treatment. Epithelial cell-derived cytokines, including interleukin-33 (IL-33) and thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), activate group 2 innate lymphoid cells, promoting type 2 inflammation. Genetic polymorphisms in the IL33 and TSLP genes, as well as their receptors interleukin-1 receptor-like 1 (IL1RL1) and interleukin-7 receptor (IL7R), have been linked to increased asthma susceptibility. The specific contributions of these polymorphisms to asthma pathogenesis remain undefined. This study examines the impact of genetic variations in epithelial cell-derived cytokine genes on asthma severity.

Methods

This observational study included 169 adults with asthma, of whom 53 had severe asthma. The analysis focused on ten polymorphisms with minor allele frequencies above 10 % in the IL33, IL1RL1, TSLP, and IL7R genes.

Results

The A allele of the IL1RL1 rs11685480 polymorphism was a risk factor for severe asthma (odds ratio 3.54, 95 % confidence interval 1.17–10.72). This allele was associated with elevated IL1RL1 mRNA expression in T cells, which correlated with higher fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) levels and increased peripheral blood eosinophil counts. Additionally, this allele is linked to reduced plasma concentrations of soluble ST2 (sST2), and lower sST2 levels are associated with increased FeNO.

Conclusion

The IL1RL1 rs11685480 polymorphism is associated with severe asthma. This polymorphism increases IL1RL1 expression and decreases sST2 levels, intensifying type 2 inflammation. These results elucidate the mechanism by which this gene variant modulates the IL-33/IL1RL1 signaling axis.

背景：重度哮喘的特点是频繁发作和生活质量下降。确定影响疾病严重程度的因素对于优化治疗至关重要。上皮细胞来源的细胞因子，包括白细胞介素-33 （IL-33）和胸腺基质淋巴生成素（TSLP），激活2组先天淋巴样细胞，促进2型炎症。IL33和TSLP基因及其受体白介素-1受体样1 （IL1RL1）和白介素-7受体（IL7R）的遗传多态性与哮喘易感性增加有关。这些多态性在哮喘发病机制中的具体作用尚不清楚。本研究探讨了上皮细胞来源的细胞因子基因的遗传变异对哮喘严重程度的影响。方法本观察性研究纳入169例成人哮喘患者，其中53例为重度哮喘。分析集中在IL33、IL1RL1、TSLP和IL7R基因中10个小等位基因频率超过10%的多态性。结果IL1RL1 rs11685480多态性的A等位基因是严重哮喘的危险因素（优势比3.54,95%可信区间1.17 ~ 10.72）。该等位基因与T细胞中IL1RL1 mRNA表达升高有关，这与较高的分数呼出一氧化氮（FeNO）水平和外周血嗜酸性粒细胞计数增加有关。此外，该等位基因与血浆可溶性ST2 （sST2）浓度降低有关，而较低的sST2水平与FeNO升高有关。结论IL1RL1 rs11685480多态性与重度哮喘相关。这种多态性增加了IL1RL1表达，降低了sST2水平，加剧了2型炎症。这些结果阐明了该基因变异调节IL-33/IL1RL1信号轴的机制。

{"title":"IL1RL1 rs11685480 polymorphism is associated with IL-33/IL1RL1 pathway activity and asthma severity in a Japanese population","authors":"Keita Hirai , Saya Kobayashi , Yuuka Ogasawara , Sekiko Uehara , Taisuke Akamatsu , Toshihiro Shirai , Kunihiko Itoh","doi":"10.1016/j.resinv.2025.101362","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resinv.2025.101362","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Severe asthma is characterized by frequent exacerbations and reduced quality of life. Determining the factors that influence disease severity is essential for optimizing treatment. Epithelial cell-derived cytokines, including interleukin-33 (IL-33) and thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), activate group 2 innate lymphoid cells, promoting type 2 inflammation. Genetic polymorphisms in the <em>IL33</em> and <em>TSLP</em> genes, as well as their receptors interleukin-1 receptor-like 1 (<em>IL1RL1</em>) and interleukin-7 receptor (<em>IL7R</em>), have been linked to increased asthma susceptibility. The specific contributions of these polymorphisms to asthma pathogenesis remain undefined. This study examines the impact of genetic variations in epithelial cell-derived cytokine genes on asthma severity.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This observational study included 169 adults with asthma, of whom 53 had severe asthma. The analysis focused on ten polymorphisms with minor allele frequencies above 10 % in the <em>IL33</em>, <em>IL1RL1</em>, <em>TSLP</em>, and <em>IL7R</em> genes.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The A allele of the <em>IL1RL1</em> rs11685480 polymorphism was a risk factor for severe asthma (odds ratio 3.54, 95 % confidence interval 1.17–10.72). This allele was associated with elevated <em>IL1RL1</em> mRNA expression in T cells, which correlated with higher fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) levels and increased peripheral blood eosinophil counts. Additionally, this allele is linked to reduced plasma concentrations of soluble ST2 (sST2), and lower sST2 levels are associated with increased FeNO.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The <em>IL1RL1</em> rs11685480 polymorphism is associated with severe asthma. This polymorphism increases <em>IL1RL1</em> expression and decreases sST2 levels, intensifying type 2 inflammation. These results elucidate the mechanism by which this gene variant modulates the IL-33/IL1RL1 signaling axis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20934,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory investigation","volume":"64 1","pages":"Article 101362"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145883567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Interstitial lung abnormality or interstitial lung disease; is that the question? 肺间质性异常或肺间质性疾病；是这个问题吗？

IF 2 Q2 RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

Respiratory investigation

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.resinv.2025.101351

Kiminori Fujimoto

引用次数: 0

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