N. Murayama, Kai Moriyma, J. Shibata, Etsuro Udagawa
Syntheses of layered double hydroxides (LDHs) were carried out using acid leachates of various iron and steel slag as a raw material. The behaviors of precipitation and dissolution for various metal components in the leachates were investigated, by considering the material balance in the LDH production process from iron and steel slag. Removal tests of Cr(VI), B, As(III) and Se(IV) in dilute aqueous solution were conducted with the resulting LDHs. Metal components in the slag are mainly Ca, Mg, Al and Si. The slag leachates contain about 25% of Si component which may not exist in the hydroxide layer of resulting LDHs. The slag leachate with low Si concentration suitable for LDH synthesis can be obtained by controlling the acid leaching condition of slag successfully. According to the material balance in the LDH production process, it is found that only the Ca precipitation shows 15% or less and those of other metals such as Mg, Al and Fe are almost 100%. The LDHs synthesized from the slag leachate with low Si concentration have excellent removal ability for toxic anionic species and the ability is almost the same as that prepared from reagent. By considering the material balance of LDH production process, it is clarified that the decrease in Si concentration in the slag leachate contributes to the improvement of removal ability of the obtained LDHs.
{"title":"Manufacturing Process of Layered Double Hydroxide Using Iron and Steel Slag as a Raw Material","authors":"N. Murayama, Kai Moriyma, J. Shibata, Etsuro Udagawa","doi":"10.4144/RPSJ.63.111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4144/RPSJ.63.111","url":null,"abstract":"Syntheses of layered double hydroxides (LDHs) were carried out using acid leachates of various iron and steel slag as a raw material. The behaviors of precipitation and dissolution for various metal components in the leachates were investigated, by considering the material balance in the LDH production process from iron and steel slag. Removal tests of Cr(VI), B, As(III) and Se(IV) in dilute aqueous solution were conducted with the resulting LDHs. Metal components in the slag are mainly Ca, Mg, Al and Si. The slag leachates contain about 25% of Si component which may not exist in the hydroxide layer of resulting LDHs. The slag leachate with low Si concentration suitable for LDH synthesis can be obtained by controlling the acid leaching condition of slag successfully. According to the material balance in the LDH production process, it is found that only the Ca precipitation shows 15% or less and those of other metals such as Mg, Al and Fe are almost 100%. The LDHs synthesized from the slag leachate with low Si concentration have excellent removal ability for toxic anionic species and the ability is almost the same as that prepared from reagent. By considering the material balance of LDH production process, it is clarified that the decrease in Si concentration in the slag leachate contributes to the improvement of removal ability of the obtained LDHs.","PeriodicalId":20971,"journal":{"name":"Resources Processing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90967980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Eco-town projects are valued highly inside and outside of Japan as a way to build a local resource circulating society. The most important point of any Eco-town project is the implementation of a real recycling business, and building a reliable Eco-town brand. In various places in and outside of Japan, a lot of plans similar to Eco-town projects have been built, but many plans have not been fully realized. The main reasons for this are that the concept of plan did not fit the local specifications, and concrete methods for implementation of the projects were not sufficiently clear. The purpose of this research is for the authors to show that the Eco-town project is suitable, and to present a concrete method for creating resource circulation society that can be tailored to each local region. Then, we attempt to sys-temize technical elements and functions of Eco-towns, especially from the point of view for making environmental industries.
{"title":"Technological Factors of Environmental Industry Promotion of Eco-town Projects","authors":"Meiji Sato, O. Miki","doi":"10.4144/RPSJ.63.120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4144/RPSJ.63.120","url":null,"abstract":"Eco-town projects are valued highly inside and outside of Japan as a way to build a local resource circulating society. The most important point of any Eco-town project is the implementation of a real recycling business, and building a reliable Eco-town brand. In various places in and outside of Japan, a lot of plans similar to Eco-town projects have been built, but many plans have not been fully realized. The main reasons for this are that the concept of plan did not fit the local specifications, and concrete methods for implementation of the projects were not sufficiently clear. The purpose of this research is for the authors to show that the Eco-town project is suitable, and to present a concrete method for creating resource circulation society that can be tailored to each local region. Then, we attempt to sys-temize technical elements and functions of Eco-towns, especially from the point of view for making environmental industries.","PeriodicalId":20971,"journal":{"name":"Resources Processing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84230587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Characteristics of Arsenic-methylation and Arsenic-removal by Bordetella petrii Strain KC42","authors":"M. Miyatake, S. Hayashi","doi":"10.4144/RPSJ.63.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4144/RPSJ.63.18","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20971,"journal":{"name":"Resources Processing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72683475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Manabe, Tasuma Suzuki, Masakazu Niinae, J. Shibata
Spent Hydrodesulphurization (HDS) catalysts contain rare metals such as molybdenum, vanadium, nickel and cobalt on an alumina carrier. In most cases, spent catalysts are treated with hydrometallurgical leaching processes such as caustic leaching and acid leaching with roasting as a pre-treatment step. In the alkaline leaching processes such as sodium carbonate roasting followed by water leaching, most of the molybdenum and vanadium are selectively leached and most of nickel is left in the residue after the alkaline leaching of spent HDS catalysts. Therefore, it is important to recover nickel from the residue. The main form of nickel in the residue is spinel, therefore, it is difficult to extract nickel from the residue using mineral acids. In the present study, the effect of grinding conditions on the leaching efficiency of nickel from the residue after sodium carbonate roasting followed by water leaching of spent HDS catalysts with sulfuric acid was investigated. The grinding speed, grinding time and the amount of residue in grinding significantly affected the leaching efficiency of nickel and aluminum. In particular, the extraction of aluminum was low in the low amount of the residue fed in grinding, because the particles were aggregated again. However, the extraction of nickel was not affected by the reaggrega- tion of particles. Therefore, the possibility of preferential leaching of nickel from aluminum was suggested.
{"title":"Effect of Grinding on Sulfuric Acid Leaching Efficiency of Nickel and Aluminum from Alkaline Leaching Residue of Spent Hydrodesulphurization Catalysts","authors":"K. Manabe, Tasuma Suzuki, Masakazu Niinae, J. Shibata","doi":"10.4144/RPSJ.62.51","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4144/RPSJ.62.51","url":null,"abstract":"Spent Hydrodesulphurization (HDS) catalysts contain rare metals such as molybdenum, vanadium, nickel and cobalt on an alumina carrier. In most cases, spent catalysts are treated with hydrometallurgical leaching processes such as caustic leaching and acid leaching with roasting as a pre-treatment step. In the alkaline leaching processes such as sodium carbonate roasting followed by water leaching, most of the molybdenum and vanadium are selectively leached and most of nickel is left in the residue after the alkaline leaching of spent HDS catalysts. Therefore, it is important to recover nickel from the residue. The main form of nickel in the residue is spinel, therefore, it is difficult to extract nickel from the residue using mineral acids. In the present study, the effect of grinding conditions on the leaching efficiency of nickel from the residue after sodium carbonate roasting followed by water leaching of spent HDS catalysts with sulfuric acid was investigated. The grinding speed, grinding time and the amount of residue in grinding significantly affected the leaching efficiency of nickel and aluminum. In particular, the extraction of aluminum was low in the low amount of the residue fed in grinding, because the particles were aggregated again. However, the extraction of nickel was not affected by the reaggrega- tion of particles. Therefore, the possibility of preferential leaching of nickel from aluminum was suggested.","PeriodicalId":20971,"journal":{"name":"Resources Processing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87046292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
may be available in the future, this technique has not yet been completed as a sorter. The purpose of this study is to ascertain the applicability of our developed automatic sorting technique, which combines a laser 3D shape detection system and a weight meter, to the separa-Resources Abstract After precise dismantling of 49 scrap cellular phone models released between 1999 and 2007, it was found that the average number of tantalum condensers used in the cellular phone models decreased significantly after 2005. The automatic sorting technique which combines a weight meter with a laser three-dimensional shape-detection system was used to identify whether a scrap cellular phone was released before 2004 or after 2005. As the result, the automatic sorting technique was ade-quate for separating 191 different scrap cellular phone models into those two groups. In addition, automatic sorting of various other small electronic devices into three groups based on resource value was achieved with high accuracy.
{"title":"Automatic Sorting of Small Electronic Device Scraps to Facilitate Tantalum Recycling","authors":"S. Koyanaka, Kenichiroh Kobayashi, T. Oki","doi":"10.4144/RPSJ.62.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4144/RPSJ.62.10","url":null,"abstract":"may be available in the future, this technique has not yet been completed as a sorter. The purpose of this study is to ascertain the applicability of our developed automatic sorting technique, which combines a laser 3D shape detection system and a weight meter, to the separa-Resources Abstract After precise dismantling of 49 scrap cellular phone models released between 1999 and 2007, it was found that the average number of tantalum condensers used in the cellular phone models decreased significantly after 2005. The automatic sorting technique which combines a weight meter with a laser three-dimensional shape-detection system was used to identify whether a scrap cellular phone was released before 2004 or after 2005. As the result, the automatic sorting technique was ade-quate for separating 191 different scrap cellular phone models into those two groups. In addition, automatic sorting of various other small electronic devices into three groups based on resource value was achieved with high accuracy.","PeriodicalId":20971,"journal":{"name":"Resources Processing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81060720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tasuma Suzuki, K. Kawai, Yukari Nishibayashi, Yukinori Oyama, Masakazu Niinae
The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of pulse voltage on acidification and remediation efficiencies of soils contaminated by lead, cadmium, and magnesium. To achieve this objective, a series of bench-scale electrokinetic experiments was performed under the conditions in which the soil pH was gradually decreased from the cathode side. The electrokinetic experimental results demonstrated that the majority of soil pHs were below 4.0 after 36 hours energization and correspondingly, all cationic metals investigated in this study were migrated toward the cathode. Regarding the influence of pulse voltage, the electrokinetic experiments in which a pulse voltage (3 hours ON, 3 hours OFF) was applied demonstrated that applying the pulse voltage did not provide neither positive nor negative influences on the soil acidification and electricity consumption for removing three metals. It was also demonstrated that applying a pulse voltage (2 seconds ON, 2 seconds OFF) negatively affected the remediation performance with respect to the electricity consumption when compared to the case in which constant voltage was applied.
{"title":"Electrokinetic Remediation of Soils Contaminated by Cationic Metals: —Influence of Pulse Voltage on Soil Acidification and Remediation Efficiencies@@@―パルス波形電圧が土壌酸性化および浄化効率に及ぼす影響―","authors":"Tasuma Suzuki, K. Kawai, Yukari Nishibayashi, Yukinori Oyama, Masakazu Niinae","doi":"10.4144/RPSJ.62.63","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4144/RPSJ.62.63","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of pulse voltage on acidification and remediation efficiencies of soils contaminated by lead, cadmium, and magnesium. To achieve this objective, a series of bench-scale electrokinetic experiments was performed under the conditions in which the soil pH was gradually decreased from the cathode side. The electrokinetic experimental results demonstrated that the majority of soil pHs were below 4.0 after 36 hours energization and correspondingly, all cationic metals investigated in this study were migrated toward the cathode. Regarding the influence of pulse voltage, the electrokinetic experiments in which a pulse voltage (3 hours ON, 3 hours OFF) was applied demonstrated that applying the pulse voltage did not provide neither positive nor negative influences on the soil acidification and electricity consumption for removing three metals. It was also demonstrated that applying a pulse voltage (2 seconds ON, 2 seconds OFF) negatively affected the remediation performance with respect to the electricity consumption when compared to the case in which constant voltage was applied.","PeriodicalId":20971,"journal":{"name":"Resources Processing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74202548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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