Živko Ćurčić, Mihajlo Ćirić, S. Glogovac, N. Curcic, Ana D. Đurović, Z. Stojanović, N. Grahovac
Lettuce is one of the most common types of leafy vegetables in human diet that is grown worldwide. Narrow and very small seeds make its sowing very difficult, requiring a lot of time and labour. Also, plants produced by manual sowing are often characterized by uneven germination. Those problems could be prevented by sowing pelleted seeds which require the development of adequate pelleting technology. Absence of quality lettuce seeds in the Serbian market results in large amounts of imported pelleted seeds every year. The aim of this study was to develop a domestic pelleting procedure and examine its effects on seeds quality parameters, in order to provide seeds to local farmers at a more affordable price compared to imported commercial pelleted seeds. Pelleted and non-pelleted seeds of the Panukia F1 hybrid were compared in several quality characteristics (1000 seed weight, germination energy, germination percentage, seedling length) in laboratory and greenhouse conditions. There was no loss in seed quality with the pelleting process, although the seed weight increased 12-19 times. Pelleted lettuce seeds had very high germination energy and seed germination (97-98%). In greenhouse conditions, non-pelleted seeds sprouted unevenly in relation to pelleted seeds. These results confirm the advantages of sowing pelleted seeds in terms of uniform germination and development of lettuce plants, primarily due to the precision of mechanical sowing. By offering domestic pelleting lettuce seeds to the growers, the production process would be significantly improved and accelerated with the reduction of manual labour, and therefore the overall production cost.
{"title":"Comparison of quality parameters of non-pelleted and newly developed pelleted lettuce seed","authors":"Živko Ćurčić, Mihajlo Ćirić, S. Glogovac, N. Curcic, Ana D. Đurović, Z. Stojanović, N. Grahovac","doi":"10.5937/ratpov59-37431","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/ratpov59-37431","url":null,"abstract":"Lettuce is one of the most common types of leafy vegetables in human diet that is grown worldwide. Narrow and very small seeds make its sowing very difficult, requiring a lot of time and labour. Also, plants produced by manual sowing are often characterized by uneven germination. Those problems could be prevented by sowing pelleted seeds which require the development of adequate pelleting technology. Absence of quality lettuce seeds in the Serbian market results in large amounts of imported pelleted seeds every year. The aim of this study was to develop a domestic pelleting procedure and examine its effects on seeds quality parameters, in order to provide seeds to local farmers at a more affordable price compared to imported commercial pelleted seeds. Pelleted and non-pelleted seeds of the Panukia F1 hybrid were compared in several quality characteristics (1000 seed weight, germination energy, germination percentage, seedling length) in laboratory and greenhouse conditions. There was no loss in seed quality with the pelleting process, although the seed weight increased 12-19 times. Pelleted lettuce seeds had very high germination energy and seed germination (97-98%). In greenhouse conditions, non-pelleted seeds sprouted unevenly in relation to pelleted seeds. These results confirm the advantages of sowing pelleted seeds in terms of uniform germination and development of lettuce plants, primarily due to the precision of mechanical sowing. By offering domestic pelleting lettuce seeds to the growers, the production process would be significantly improved and accelerated with the reduction of manual labour, and therefore the overall production cost.","PeriodicalId":20996,"journal":{"name":"Ratarstvo i Povrtarstvo","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71045928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Červenski, S. Vlajić, M. Ignjatov, G. Tamindžić, Srđan Zec
Cabbage is one of the most commonly produced vegetable crops worldwide due to its ability to adapt to a range of climatic conditions and soil types. As an intensive vegetable crop, cabbage can be produced all year round. Regarding the fact that cabbage needs optimum agroclimatic conditions during growing period for better yielding results, the paper aims to clarify and define the specific agroclimatic requirements, such as temperature, water, light and soil, suitable for cabbage production. Cabbage production should take place on a seasonal basis, as an early, summer, autumn, or winter production. Production goals should take into consideration whether the cabbage is intended for fresh consumption, pickling, storage or another specific method of consumption or processing. Growing the same cultivar in two different temperatures during one year should be avoided. The combination of suitable production conditions, intensive cultivation practices and mechanisation, can boost the genetic potential of the cabbage cultivars. Local climate conditions greatly affect cabbage production, primarily plant growth, occurrence and development of diseases, harmful insects, and weeds. Production planning must take into consideration both the regional (mean annual temperatures and precipitation) and the local climate conditions (frost occurrence). Cabbage is currently produced in the open field throughout the year, but we may be forced to change the course of cabbage production due to the increase of extreme local climate change. For this reason, the aim of this paper was to give recommendations of agricultural practices that could minimize the detrimental effects of climate change in cabbage production.
{"title":"Agroclimatic conditions for cabbage production","authors":"J. Červenski, S. Vlajić, M. Ignjatov, G. Tamindžić, Srđan Zec","doi":"10.5937/ratpov59-36772","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/ratpov59-36772","url":null,"abstract":"Cabbage is one of the most commonly produced vegetable crops worldwide due to its ability to adapt to a range of climatic conditions and soil types. As an intensive vegetable crop, cabbage can be produced all year round. Regarding the fact that cabbage needs optimum agroclimatic conditions during growing period for better yielding results, the paper aims to clarify and define the specific agroclimatic requirements, such as temperature, water, light and soil, suitable for cabbage production. Cabbage production should take place on a seasonal basis, as an early, summer, autumn, or winter production. Production goals should take into consideration whether the cabbage is intended for fresh consumption, pickling, storage or another specific method of consumption or processing. Growing the same cultivar in two different temperatures during one year should be avoided. The combination of suitable production conditions, intensive cultivation practices and mechanisation, can boost the genetic potential of the cabbage cultivars. Local climate conditions greatly affect cabbage production, primarily plant growth, occurrence and development of diseases, harmful insects, and weeds. Production planning must take into consideration both the regional (mean annual temperatures and precipitation) and the local climate conditions (frost occurrence). Cabbage is currently produced in the open field throughout the year, but we may be forced to change the course of cabbage production due to the increase of extreme local climate change. For this reason, the aim of this paper was to give recommendations of agricultural practices that could minimize the detrimental effects of climate change in cabbage production.","PeriodicalId":20996,"journal":{"name":"Ratarstvo i Povrtarstvo","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71045400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This research was carried out at Dicle University, Faculty of Agriculture during the spring season in 2020. Four chickpea varieties (Cagatay, ILC 3279, Ak 71114 and Spanish chickpea) were used. Genetic parameters were estimated for plant and agricultural traits in 4 parents and their 6 F2 combinations obtained from their half-diallel crossbreeding in chickpea. Half diallel genetic parameters, ratios and graphs (Vr,Wr) were estimated using to methods of Hayman (1954a, 1954b, 1960) in the experiment. The study was carried out randomized complete blocks design with three replications. In the study, days to first flowering, plant height, internode length, the first flower node number, internode thickness was examined. Analysis of variance revealed that differences among genotypes were significant for days to first flowering days, plant height and first flower node number. However, internode length, 5th, 7th and 9th internodes thickness were nonsignificant. Dominant allele genes are more than the recessive allele genes in the days to first flowering, plant height and first flower node number. Epistatic gene effects were significant in the parents for days to first flowering. Cagatay and ILC 3279 had mostly dominant genes, but Ak 71114 had recessive genes. Additive genetic variance was significant for days to first flowering, plant height and internode length. Internode length for parents was mostly recessive genes, especially Spanish and Ak 71114. The dominant gene effect was significant for the first flower node number. In the narrow sense heritability degree was 42% for plant height and 45% for days to first flowering.
{"title":"Diallel analysis in chickpea","authors":"M. Tunç, B. Bi̇cer","doi":"10.5937/ratpov59-37421","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/ratpov59-37421","url":null,"abstract":"This research was carried out at Dicle University, Faculty of Agriculture during the spring season in 2020. Four chickpea varieties (Cagatay, ILC 3279, Ak 71114 and Spanish chickpea) were used. Genetic parameters were estimated for plant and agricultural traits in 4 parents and their 6 F2 combinations obtained from their half-diallel crossbreeding in chickpea. Half diallel genetic parameters, ratios and graphs (Vr,Wr) were estimated using to methods of Hayman (1954a, 1954b, 1960) in the experiment. The study was carried out randomized complete blocks design with three replications. In the study, days to first flowering, plant height, internode length, the first flower node number, internode thickness was examined. Analysis of variance revealed that differences among genotypes were significant for days to first flowering days, plant height and first flower node number. However, internode length, 5th, 7th and 9th internodes thickness were nonsignificant. Dominant allele genes are more than the recessive allele genes in the days to first flowering, plant height and first flower node number. Epistatic gene effects were significant in the parents for days to first flowering. Cagatay and ILC 3279 had mostly dominant genes, but Ak 71114 had recessive genes. Additive genetic variance was significant for days to first flowering, plant height and internode length. Internode length for parents was mostly recessive genes, especially Spanish and Ak 71114. The dominant gene effect was significant for the first flower node number. In the narrow sense heritability degree was 42% for plant height and 45% for days to first flowering.","PeriodicalId":20996,"journal":{"name":"Ratarstvo i Povrtarstvo","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71045771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study was conducted to assess the extent of morphological variation, cluster the genotypes into relatively homogenous groups and to identify the major characters contributing to the overall diversity of 22 exotic sugarcane genotypes at Finchaa Sugar Estate. The experimental design used was RCBD laid in three replications. Quantitative traits such as number of internodes, millable stalk, plant height, stalk girth, single cane weight, cane yield, brix percent juice, pol percent, sugar recovery percentage and sugar yield were investigated. ANOVA indicated the existence of high phenotypic and genetic diversity between genotypes for all quantitative traits studied which could be utilized for further sugarcane improvement. The principal component analysis for the genotypes exhibited variance of 43.12%, 18.8% and 13.71% for the first three categories and accounts about 75.63% of the total variation and the juice quality traits showed greater loading for the variation in the first principal component category. Cluster analysis grouped genotypes in to five distinct classes with maximum number of genotypes (7) in cluster II and minimum (1) in cluster V. In the first cluster six sugarcane genotypes were included this accounted 27.27% of the investigated materials which had been categorized by high cane length and single stalk weight. The second cluster which accounts 31.82% of the materials were characterized by lower cane length and single stalk weight. Recoverable sugar percent had almost zero correlation with cane length, millable stalk count and sugar yield (r= 0.02, 0.02 and-0.01 respectively) indicating the possibility of simultaneous improvement of these traits.
{"title":"Morphological diversity and principal component analysis of sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) genotypes at Finchaa Sugar Estate","authors":"S. Alemu, Tesfaw Fetene, Feyissa Tadesse","doi":"10.5937/ratpov59-35862","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/ratpov59-35862","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted to assess the extent of morphological variation, cluster the genotypes into relatively homogenous groups and to identify the major characters contributing to the overall diversity of 22 exotic sugarcane genotypes at Finchaa Sugar Estate. The experimental design used was RCBD laid in three replications. Quantitative traits such as number of internodes, millable stalk, plant height, stalk girth, single cane weight, cane yield, brix percent juice, pol percent, sugar recovery percentage and sugar yield were investigated. ANOVA indicated the existence of high phenotypic and genetic diversity between genotypes for all quantitative traits studied which could be utilized for further sugarcane improvement. The principal component analysis for the genotypes exhibited variance of 43.12%, 18.8% and 13.71% for the first three categories and accounts about 75.63% of the total variation and the juice quality traits showed greater loading for the variation in the first principal component category. Cluster analysis grouped genotypes in to five distinct classes with maximum number of genotypes (7) in cluster II and minimum (1) in cluster V. In the first cluster six sugarcane genotypes were included this accounted 27.27% of the investigated materials which had been categorized by high cane length and single stalk weight. The second cluster which accounts 31.82% of the materials were characterized by lower cane length and single stalk weight. Recoverable sugar percent had almost zero correlation with cane length, millable stalk count and sugar yield (r= 0.02, 0.02 and-0.01 respectively) indicating the possibility of simultaneous improvement of these traits.","PeriodicalId":20996,"journal":{"name":"Ratarstvo i Povrtarstvo","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71045308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Currently, the whole world is confronted with a geometric increase in the human population without a corresponding increase in the agricultural land resource to meet the human demands for food and clothing which are primarily sourced from agricultural industry. Therefore, it is needful for every country to search the importance of agroforestry and make haste to adopt it as it is the only option and panacea with which to combat the world ever increasing human population with limited and dwindling agricultural land resource. Agroforestry is more intentional, intensive, interactive and integrated than agriculture per se. Improved agro-forestry practice is eco-friendly, job creative and lucrative. It also promotes wider biodiversity and high yields of crops and livestock through proper soil management. Agroforestry is a multidisciplinary science encompassing agronomy, physiology, horticulture, apiculture, soil management, ecology, agrisilviculture, silvopasture, agrosilvopasture, and apisilvoculture have made it more comprehensive than other farming systems. The most glaring importance of agroforestry is centered on its ability to adapt to climate change, especially now it has become a case study in the world as its adverse effects on both living and non-living things cannot be neglected. So, this review paper is aimed at sensitizing and encouraging worldwide farmers and non-farmers to adopt the modern agro-forestry practices as improved means for promoting food security and checking deforestation with its associated adverse effects in the world. However, there are numerous challenges confronting the establishment of agroforestry and basically among them are - scarcity of land, improved seeds/seedlings, and conservative attitudes of the farmers.
{"title":"Agroforestry: A review of its importance, problems and prospects in crop production","authors":"K. Orji, E. Mbah, Annah Akpan","doi":"10.5937/ratpov59-39353","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/ratpov59-39353","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, the whole world is confronted with a geometric increase in the human population without a corresponding increase in the agricultural land resource to meet the human demands for food and clothing which are primarily sourced from agricultural industry. Therefore, it is needful for every country to search the importance of agroforestry and make haste to adopt it as it is the only option and panacea with which to combat the world ever increasing human population with limited and dwindling agricultural land resource. Agroforestry is more intentional, intensive, interactive and integrated than agriculture per se. Improved agro-forestry practice is eco-friendly, job creative and lucrative. It also promotes wider biodiversity and high yields of crops and livestock through proper soil management. Agroforestry is a multidisciplinary science encompassing agronomy, physiology, horticulture, apiculture, soil management, ecology, agrisilviculture, silvopasture, agrosilvopasture, and apisilvoculture have made it more comprehensive than other farming systems. The most glaring importance of agroforestry is centered on its ability to adapt to climate change, especially now it has become a case study in the world as its adverse effects on both living and non-living things cannot be neglected. So, this review paper is aimed at sensitizing and encouraging worldwide farmers and non-farmers to adopt the modern agro-forestry practices as improved means for promoting food security and checking deforestation with its associated adverse effects in the world. However, there are numerous challenges confronting the establishment of agroforestry and basically among them are - scarcity of land, improved seeds/seedlings, and conservative attitudes of the farmers.","PeriodicalId":20996,"journal":{"name":"Ratarstvo i Povrtarstvo","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71045542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. Mitrović, Sonja Tančić-Živanov, B. Purar, Zorana Trivunović, B. Mitrović
The increasing usage of chemicals for plant protection in recent years has become a serious problem. One of the possible solutions is use of beneficial microorganisms instead of synthetic fungicides, which will contribute to the protection of the environment and human health. Since the fungi Aspergillus flavus and Fusarium graminearum are the most important pathogens that cause maize diseases and produce mycotoxins, the potential of Trichoderma harzianum for biocontrol of both phytopathogens was examined in this paper. The aim of this paper was to study the influence of different carbon and nitrogen combinations in the medium for T. harzianum production. T. harzianum was cultivated in Erlenmeyer flasks and the effect of cultivation broth against selected maize pathogens was tested using well diffusion method. The results of this study showed that the combination of different carbon and nitrogen sources in the T. harzianum cultivation medium statistically significantly affects the production of Trichoderma cultivation broth effective on two tested phytopathogens. Dextrose as a carbon source and soybean flour as a nitrogen source proved to be the best combination in the medium for production of T. harzianum cultivation broth effective on A. flavus and F. graminearum. Maximal inhibition zone diameters of 31 mm and 56.33 mm were registered in those medium formulations for A. flavus and F. graminearum, respectively. These researches represent an important step for further research in which a medium of low market value would be selected. This would reduce the price of the production process but also the final product.
{"title":"Effect of different carbon and nitrogen sources combination in medium for production of biocontrol agent Trichoderma harzianum","authors":"I. Mitrović, Sonja Tančić-Živanov, B. Purar, Zorana Trivunović, B. Mitrović","doi":"10.5937/RATPOV58-29961","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/RATPOV58-29961","url":null,"abstract":"The increasing usage of chemicals for plant protection in recent years has become a serious problem. One of the possible solutions is use of beneficial microorganisms instead of synthetic fungicides, which will contribute to the protection of the environment and human health. Since the fungi Aspergillus flavus and Fusarium graminearum are the most important pathogens that cause maize diseases and produce mycotoxins, the potential of Trichoderma harzianum for biocontrol of both phytopathogens was examined in this paper. The aim of this paper was to study the influence of different carbon and nitrogen combinations in the medium for T. harzianum production. T. harzianum was cultivated in Erlenmeyer flasks and the effect of cultivation broth against selected maize pathogens was tested using well diffusion method. The results of this study showed that the combination of different carbon and nitrogen sources in the T. harzianum cultivation medium statistically significantly affects the production of Trichoderma cultivation broth effective on two tested phytopathogens. Dextrose as a carbon source and soybean flour as a nitrogen source proved to be the best combination in the medium for production of T. harzianum cultivation broth effective on A. flavus and F. graminearum. Maximal inhibition zone diameters of 31 mm and 56.33 mm were registered in those medium formulations for A. flavus and F. graminearum, respectively. These researches represent an important step for further research in which a medium of low market value would be selected. This would reduce the price of the production process but also the final product.","PeriodicalId":20996,"journal":{"name":"Ratarstvo i Povrtarstvo","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71044811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Biljana Kiprovski, S. Jaćimović, N. Grahovac, T. Zeremski, A. Marjanović-Jeromela
Seeds of seven different genotypes of underutilised oil crop Carthamus tinctorius L. (Asteraceae) from alternative oil species collection of the Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops (Novi Sad, Serbia), were analysed for their protein, oil, fatty acids, tocopherols and total phenolics contents, with a view to test their diversity and potential as an alternative source of these valuable compounds. Seeds of the tested safflower genotypes had total protein (determined by Kjeldahl method) content from 11.5 to 16.0%, while total oil content (determined by Soxhlet method) ranged from 16.8 to 24.5% of dry matter, on average. Two main unsaturated fatty acids in safflower seeds, oleic and linoleic acids, represent approximately 90% of the total fatty acid content (determined by gas chromatography). Linoleic acid was the dominant fatty acid in all genotypes (61.2-80.2% of oil), while oleic acid was in a negative correlation with linolenic acid content and ranged from 9.6 to 29.5% of oil. The amount of saturated fatty acids ranged from 5.5 to 6.05% for palmitic, and 2.1 to 3.5% for stearic acid. Safflower seed is a source of a-tocopherol (determined by high performance liquid chromatography method with fluorescence detection) and its amount ranged from 358.8 to 461.8 mg/L of oil. The content of total phenolics (determined spectrophotometrically) ranged from 4.0 to 6.0 mg of gallic acid equivalents/g of dry weight. This comprehensive screening of valuable chemical compounds of safflower seeds shows the importance of this alternative oil seed crop as a good source of important nutrients and bioactive constituents.
{"title":"Seed nutrients and bioactive compounds of underutilised oil crop Carthamus tinctorius L.","authors":"Biljana Kiprovski, S. Jaćimović, N. Grahovac, T. Zeremski, A. Marjanović-Jeromela","doi":"10.5937/ratpov58-3150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/ratpov58-3150","url":null,"abstract":"Seeds of seven different genotypes of underutilised oil crop Carthamus tinctorius L. (Asteraceae) from alternative oil species collection of the Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops (Novi Sad, Serbia), were analysed for their protein, oil, fatty acids, tocopherols and total phenolics contents, with a view to test their diversity and potential as an alternative source of these valuable compounds. Seeds of the tested safflower genotypes had total protein (determined by Kjeldahl method) content from 11.5 to 16.0%, while total oil content (determined by Soxhlet method) ranged from 16.8 to 24.5% of dry matter, on average. Two main unsaturated fatty acids in safflower seeds, oleic and linoleic acids, represent approximately 90% of the total fatty acid content (determined by gas chromatography). Linoleic acid was the dominant fatty acid in all genotypes (61.2-80.2% of oil), while oleic acid was in a negative correlation with linolenic acid content and ranged from 9.6 to 29.5% of oil. The amount of saturated fatty acids ranged from 5.5 to 6.05% for palmitic, and 2.1 to 3.5% for stearic acid. Safflower seed is a source of a-tocopherol (determined by high performance liquid chromatography method with fluorescence detection) and its amount ranged from 358.8 to 461.8 mg/L of oil. The content of total phenolics (determined spectrophotometrically) ranged from 4.0 to 6.0 mg of gallic acid equivalents/g of dry weight. This comprehensive screening of valuable chemical compounds of safflower seeds shows the importance of this alternative oil seed crop as a good source of important nutrients and bioactive constituents.","PeriodicalId":20996,"journal":{"name":"Ratarstvo i Povrtarstvo","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71044901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The archaeobotanical research of the macrobiotic remains from archaeological sites provides a valuable insight into the plant economy of the continental Celtic (Gaulish or Galatian) tribe of Scordisci, which lived around the rivers of Sava, Drava and Danube during the last three centuries before Christ. The field crop production of Scordisci was based upon cereals, grain legumes and oil crops. The importance of spelt wheat (Triticum spelta L.) in the everyday diets of Scordisci has been underestimated so far. Recent researches proved the presence of Byzantine oat (Avena byzantina K. Koch) at the Celtic tilths in the northern Balkans. Cereals were stored in mud-plastered granary baskets. The spectrum of grain legumes is as diverse as that of cereals. The latest analyses expand the list of oil plants with a new species-dragon's head (Lallemantia iberica (M.Bieb.) Fisch. & C.A.Mey.). There is also the first evidence of a beer production facility in one of the Scordisci oppida, Čarnok.
对考古遗址中长寿生物遗骸的考古植物学研究，为了解大陆凯尔特(高卢或加拉太)斯科迪斯部落的植物经济提供了有价值的见解，他们在公元前三个世纪生活在萨瓦河、德拉瓦河和多瑙河附近。Scordisci的田间作物生产以谷物、谷物、豆类和油料作物为基础。小麦(Triticum spelta L.)在scordisi日常饮食中的重要性迄今被低估了。最近的研究证明了拜占庭燕麦(Avena byzantina K. Koch)在巴尔干半岛北部的凯尔特部落的存在。谷物被储存在涂了泥的粮篮里。豆类的种类和谷类的种类一样多样。最新的分析扩大了油料植物的名单，增加了一个新物种——龙头(Lallemantia iberica)。费斯。& C.A.Mey)。也有第一个证据表明啤酒生产设施在一个Scordisci oppida， Čarnok。
{"title":"An update to the La Tène plant economy in northern Serbia","authors":"A. Medović, A. Marjanović-Jeromela, A. Mikić","doi":"10.5937/ratpov58-33250","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/ratpov58-33250","url":null,"abstract":"The archaeobotanical research of the macrobiotic remains from archaeological sites provides a valuable insight into the plant economy of the continental Celtic (Gaulish or Galatian) tribe of Scordisci, which lived around the rivers of Sava, Drava and Danube during the last three centuries before Christ. The field crop production of Scordisci was based upon cereals, grain legumes and oil crops. The importance of spelt wheat (Triticum spelta L.) in the everyday diets of Scordisci has been underestimated so far. Recent researches proved the presence of Byzantine oat (Avena byzantina K. Koch) at the Celtic tilths in the northern Balkans. Cereals were stored in mud-plastered granary baskets. The spectrum of grain legumes is as diverse as that of cereals. The latest analyses expand the list of oil plants with a new species-dragon's head (Lallemantia iberica (M.Bieb.) Fisch. & C.A.Mey.). There is also the first evidence of a beer production facility in one of the Scordisci oppida, Čarnok.","PeriodicalId":20996,"journal":{"name":"Ratarstvo i Povrtarstvo","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71045090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The use of organic addition has been found to be an environmentally beneficial method for enhancing quality of crops with good soil quality. Similarly, selection of suitable irrigation period is an important factor for optimum crop production. A study was conducted to evaluate the effects of chicken manure and irrigation interval on the development and production of okra in a greenhouse. The poultry manure was applied to 5 kg soil at three different rates, namely: 20 t ha-1 (T1), 40 t ha-1 (T2), and 60 t ha-1 (T3), and the fourth group without poultry manure treatment were set up as the control. Four levels of irrigation intervals (3, 6, 9 and 12 days) were selected for the study. Plant height, number of leaves, leaf area (cm2), and stem diameter were all assessed as growth metrics. Leaf fresh weight, leaf dry weight, shoot fresh weight, shoot dry weight, root fresh weight, root dry weight, and total plant dry weight were the yield characteristics that were measured. The findings indicated that increasing poultry manure rates enhanced the examined growth and yield parameters, but increasing irrigation intervals decreased the studied growth and yield characteristics of Abelmoschus esculentus. The interplay between chicken manure and irrigation intervals, on the other hand, had no significant effect on leaf area and stem diameter. Finally, the application of 60 t ha-1 poultry manure and a three-day watering interval boosted the development of Abelmoschus esculentus. Keywords: Abelmoschus esculentus, irrigation, okra, poultry manure, yield
使用有机添加剂已被发现是一种对环境有益的方法，可以提高土壤质量良好的作物的质量。同样，选择合适的灌溉期也是作物产量最优的重要因素。研究了鸡粪和灌溉间隔对温室秋葵生长发育和生产的影响。在5 kg土壤上按20 t ha-1 (T1)、40 t ha-1 (T2)和60 t ha-1 (T3) 3种不同的施肥量施用禽粪，设未处理禽粪的第四组为对照。研究选择4个水平的灌溉间隔(3、6、9和12天)。株高、叶数、叶面积(cm2)和茎粗均作为生长指标进行评价。叶片鲜重、叶片干重、茎部鲜重、茎部干重、根鲜重、根干重和植株总干重是测定的产量性状。结果表明，增加家禽肥用量可提高沙鼠的生长和产量参数，但增加灌溉间隔会降低沙鼠的生长和产量特征。鸡粪与灌溉间隔期的交互作用对叶面积和茎粗无显著影响。施用60 t hm -1的禽粪和3 d的浇水间隔促进了绿僵鼠的发育。关键词:青豆，灌溉，秋葵，禽粪，产量
{"title":"Effects of different poultry waste manure rates and irrigation intervals on okra (Abclmoschus esculenfus L.) growth and yield performance","authors":"U. Uka, Smart Nwinyinya, Kanayo Chukwukaz","doi":"10.5937/ratpov58-34366","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/ratpov58-34366","url":null,"abstract":"The use of organic addition has been found to be an environmentally beneficial method for enhancing quality of crops with good soil quality. Similarly, selection of suitable irrigation period is an important factor for optimum crop production. A study was conducted to evaluate the effects of chicken manure and irrigation interval on the development and production of okra in a greenhouse. The poultry manure was applied to 5 kg soil at three different rates, namely: 20 t ha-1 (T1), 40 t ha-1 (T2), and 60 t ha-1 (T3), and the fourth group without poultry manure treatment were set up as the control. Four levels of irrigation intervals (3, 6, 9 and 12 days) were selected for the study. Plant height, number of leaves, leaf area (cm2), and stem diameter were all assessed as growth metrics. Leaf fresh weight, leaf dry weight, shoot fresh weight, shoot dry weight, root fresh weight, root dry weight, and total plant dry weight were the yield characteristics that were measured. The findings indicated that increasing poultry manure rates enhanced the examined growth and yield parameters, but increasing irrigation intervals decreased the studied growth and yield characteristics of Abelmoschus esculentus. The interplay between chicken manure and irrigation intervals, on the other hand, had no significant effect on leaf area and stem diameter. Finally, the application of 60 t ha-1 poultry manure and a three-day watering interval boosted the development of Abelmoschus esculentus. Keywords: Abelmoschus esculentus, irrigation, okra, poultry manure, yield","PeriodicalId":20996,"journal":{"name":"Ratarstvo i Povrtarstvo","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71045214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Miladinović, V. Mihailović, V. Đorđević, S. Vasiljević, S. Katanski, D. Živanov, Predrag Ranđelović
This paper presents the plant genetic resources maintained by the Center of Excellence for Legumes of the Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia. The genetic resources of legumes (soybean, alfalfa, red clover, pea and vetch) are an invaluable source material and a rich source of genetic divergence for the development of varieties adapted to specific agricultural and environmental conditions. Soybean is the most important of all cultivated legumes and occupies the largest area under cultivation. The alfalfa collection consists of over 800 genotypes with different agronomic traits and dormancy values. The novel alfalfa breeding concept - breeding for yield per se, based on natural heterosis in the development of half hybrids - was introduced in the late 20th and early 21st centuries. The Center of Excellence for Legumes has 757 soybean genotypes, 655 red clover genotypes, about 730 pea genotypes and 495 vetch genotypes. The development of the winter pea variety for grain (NS Mraz), the first of its kind in South-Eastern Europe, was significant for science.
{"title":"The importance of legume genetic resources for breeding","authors":"J. Miladinović, V. Mihailović, V. Đorđević, S. Vasiljević, S. Katanski, D. Živanov, Predrag Ranđelović","doi":"10.5937/ratpov58-34802","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/ratpov58-34802","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the plant genetic resources maintained by the Center of Excellence for Legumes of the Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia. The genetic resources of legumes (soybean, alfalfa, red clover, pea and vetch) are an invaluable source material and a rich source of genetic divergence for the development of varieties adapted to specific agricultural and environmental conditions. Soybean is the most important of all cultivated legumes and occupies the largest area under cultivation. The alfalfa collection consists of over 800 genotypes with different agronomic traits and dormancy values. The novel alfalfa breeding concept - breeding for yield per se, based on natural heterosis in the development of half hybrids - was introduced in the late 20th and early 21st centuries. The Center of Excellence for Legumes has 757 soybean genotypes, 655 red clover genotypes, about 730 pea genotypes and 495 vetch genotypes. The development of the winter pea variety for grain (NS Mraz), the first of its kind in South-Eastern Europe, was significant for science.","PeriodicalId":20996,"journal":{"name":"Ratarstvo i Povrtarstvo","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71045328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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