An efficient route for the preparation of novel heterocyclic oxazine-carbonothioyl-quinazolin-(3H)-one and oxazine-(3H)-carbothioamide derivatives is through synthesis of 2-phenyl-4H-benzo[d][1,3] oxazin-4-one(anthranilic acid and benzoyl chlordide) which further reacts with thiourea and thiosemicarbazide to give substituted amines, which formed oxo-2-phenylquinazoline-3(4H)-carbothioa mide and oxo-2-phenylquinazolin-3(4H)-yl)thiourea (β-naphthol,substituted aromatic formedehyde). The structures of all the prepared derivatives were elucidated by using UV-Vis IR, 1HNMR and Mass spectral studies and antimicrobial activity in vitro was studied by serial dilution method. The newly prepared derivatives showed noticeable antimicrobial properties.
{"title":"Synthesis and Biological evalution of heterocyclic oxazine-2-carbonothioyl)quinazolin-4(3H)-one and oxazine-2(3H)-carbothioamide derivatives","authors":"Ram Prakash Tiwari, Krishna Srivastava, Abhishek Srivastava, Shailesh Kumar Mishra, Amit Tripathi","doi":"10.25303/2711rjce060071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25303/2711rjce060071","url":null,"abstract":"An efficient route for the preparation of novel heterocyclic oxazine-carbonothioyl-quinazolin-(3H)-one and oxazine-(3H)-carbothioamide derivatives is through synthesis of 2-phenyl-4H-benzo[d][1,3] oxazin-4-one(anthranilic acid and benzoyl chlordide) which further reacts with thiourea and thiosemicarbazide to give substituted amines, which formed oxo-2-phenylquinazoline-3(4H)-carbothioa mide and oxo-2-phenylquinazolin-3(4H)-yl)thiourea (β-naphthol,substituted aromatic formedehyde). The structures of all the prepared derivatives were elucidated by using UV-Vis IR, 1HNMR and Mass spectral studies and antimicrobial activity in vitro was studied by serial dilution method. The newly prepared derivatives showed noticeable antimicrobial properties.","PeriodicalId":21012,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135766331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-15DOI: 10.25303/2711rjce1220130
Arun Dhanasekaran, Krishnan Kannabiran
Environmental contamination is growing on daily basis, even though numerous corrective measures have been in practice but still it remains to be a major concern for protecting natural environment, ecosystem and well-being of living systems. Bio products and surface active substances derived from microorganisms and plants are having multiple roles in the environmental protection and cleaning. The amphiphilicity of biosurfactants (BS) causes hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions to come into contact with one another, changing the interfacial and surface tension between them. This phenomenon makes the recalcitrant pollutants more bioavailable and helps the microorganisms to degrade them easily. Additionally, the non-toxic, biodegradable and pH and temperature tolerance of biosurfactants make them better candidates for bioremediation. BS including rhamnolipids, surfactins, saponins and sophorolipids are extensively used for several environmental applications. BS are also used in various nanotechnological applications. BS mediated nano materials and agents are finding enhanced environmental applications than nanoparticles/ materials. This review highlights the numerous environmental issues addressed by using various biosurfactants as well as the methods and mechanisms adopted for the effective degradation and removal of hazardous pollutants.
{"title":"A panacea for environmental pollution: A review on role of biosurfactants in bioremediation","authors":"Arun Dhanasekaran, Krishnan Kannabiran","doi":"10.25303/2711rjce1220130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25303/2711rjce1220130","url":null,"abstract":"Environmental contamination is growing on daily basis, even though numerous corrective measures have been in practice but still it remains to be a major concern for protecting natural environment, ecosystem and well-being of living systems. Bio products and surface active substances derived from microorganisms and plants are having multiple roles in the environmental protection and cleaning. The amphiphilicity of biosurfactants (BS) causes hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions to come into contact with one another, changing the interfacial and surface tension between them. This phenomenon makes the recalcitrant pollutants more bioavailable and helps the microorganisms to degrade them easily. Additionally, the non-toxic, biodegradable and pH and temperature tolerance of biosurfactants make them better candidates for bioremediation. BS including rhamnolipids, surfactins, saponins and sophorolipids are extensively used for several environmental applications. BS are also used in various nanotechnological applications. BS mediated nano materials and agents are finding enhanced environmental applications than nanoparticles/ materials. This review highlights the numerous environmental issues addressed by using various biosurfactants as well as the methods and mechanisms adopted for the effective degradation and removal of hazardous pollutants.","PeriodicalId":21012,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135766193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Keerthana, P. Mithila, S. Gomathi, Manian Rameshpathy
Ferulic acid (FA), a phenolic compound widely distributed in various plant sources, has shown promising antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties. In this work, we extracted ferulic acid from beetroot and tea leaves by alkaline hydrolysis method, in which the ferulic acid from beetroot is more prominent than ferulic acid from tea leaves. Antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activity tests were performed to check the activity of ferulic acid. It was observed that beetroot has high antimicrobial activity and anti-inflammatory activity than tea leaves. Additionally, we focused on the optimization of ferulic acid extraction from beetroot using three different methods: one factor at a time, Plackett-Burman design and Response surface methodology. Initially, one factor at a time approach was utilized to evaluate the effects of individual factors such as substrate concentration, pH, temperature, agitation speed and incubation period on ferulic acid yield. Subsequently, Plackett-Burman design was employed to screen the significant factors influencing ferulic acid extraction and it was found that substrate concentration, agitation speed and temperature efficiency influence the yield of ferulic acid. Finally, Response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to further optimize the extraction process and determine the optimal conditions for maximum ferulic acid yield. The results obtained from the optimization studies indicated that 2g substrate concentration, 100 agitation speed and 30 ◦C to 37 ◦C temperature significantly influenced the yield of ferulic acid from beetroot. The RSM analysis provided an optimized set of extraction parameters that maximized the ferulic acid yield.
{"title":"Extraction of Ferulic acid from beetroot and tea leaves and its optimization","authors":"A. Keerthana, P. Mithila, S. Gomathi, Manian Rameshpathy","doi":"10.25303/2711rjce013023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25303/2711rjce013023","url":null,"abstract":"Ferulic acid (FA), a phenolic compound widely distributed in various plant sources, has shown promising antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties. In this work, we extracted ferulic acid from beetroot and tea leaves by alkaline hydrolysis method, in which the ferulic acid from beetroot is more prominent than ferulic acid from tea leaves. Antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activity tests were performed to check the activity of ferulic acid. It was observed that beetroot has high antimicrobial activity and anti-inflammatory activity than tea leaves. Additionally, we focused on the optimization of ferulic acid extraction from beetroot using three different methods: one factor at a time, Plackett-Burman design and Response surface methodology. Initially, one factor at a time approach was utilized to evaluate the effects of individual factors such as substrate concentration, pH, temperature, agitation speed and incubation period on ferulic acid yield. Subsequently, Plackett-Burman design was employed to screen the significant factors influencing ferulic acid extraction and it was found that substrate concentration, agitation speed and temperature efficiency influence the yield of ferulic acid. Finally, Response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to further optimize the extraction process and determine the optimal conditions for maximum ferulic acid yield. The results obtained from the optimization studies indicated that 2g substrate concentration, 100 agitation speed and 30 ◦C to 37 ◦C temperature significantly influenced the yield of ferulic acid from beetroot. The RSM analysis provided an optimized set of extraction parameters that maximized the ferulic acid yield.","PeriodicalId":21012,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135766194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Isoxazole and carbazole derivatives have a wide range of biological activity and are of high interest to medicinal chemists. We report the synthesis and characterization of a series of novel isoxazole derivatives which were synthesized by linking the isoxazole moiety to the carbazole nucleus. The process of synthesis and the steps involved in the synthesis of these novel derivates are described in detail in this study. We confirmed the structures of the novel compounds by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, LCMS spectral data as well as by elemental analysis. The antimicrobial activity of newly synthesized compounds was evaluated against bacterial and fungal strains.
{"title":"Effect of Palladium acetate as Catalyst on the Synthesis of Novel Isoxazole Derivatives incorporating Carbazole Moiety","authors":"Rao Ch. Visweswara, Ramanaiah M., Lakshman Shaik","doi":"10.25303/2711rjce024034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25303/2711rjce024034","url":null,"abstract":"Isoxazole and carbazole derivatives have a wide range of biological activity and are of high interest to medicinal chemists. We report the synthesis and characterization of a series of novel isoxazole derivatives which were synthesized by linking the isoxazole moiety to the carbazole nucleus. The process of synthesis and the steps involved in the synthesis of these novel derivates are described in detail in this study. We confirmed the structures of the novel compounds by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, LCMS spectral data as well as by elemental analysis. The antimicrobial activity of newly synthesized compounds was evaluated against bacterial and fungal strains.","PeriodicalId":21012,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135766195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the present study, 2-[2-(Diphenylmethylidene) hydrazine]-N-methyl-N-phenylhydrazine-1-carbothio amide (H2L) and its Mn(II) complex were synthesized. Mn(II) complex was characterized by elemental analysis, magnetic susceptibility, spectral and thermal studies. Single crystals of [Mn(HL)2].H2O is resolved by X-ray diffraction studies. A crystal with dimensions of 0.600 x 0.510 x 0.420 mm3 was used for collecting the data. [Mn(HL)2].H2O crystallizes with two molecules per asymmetric unit into a triclinic crystal system with a space group of P-1. In silico assessment of oral bioavailability, bioactivity scores, ADME, drug-likeness and medicinal chemistry friendliness were computed. The compound obeyed Lipinski’s rule. A molecular docking study of the compound was performed using the GLIDE Program. It proposes that this molecule is a promising candidate for the cancer drug discovery process. Simultaneously, the quantum chemical parameters of the title compound were calculated using DFT (B3LYP)/6-31+G (d,p) with the Gaussian 09 software package.
本文合成了2-[2-(二苯基甲基)肼]- n -甲基- n -苯基肼-1-碳硫酰胺(H2L)及其配合物Mn(II)。通过元素分析、磁化率、光谱和热研究对Mn(II)配合物进行了表征。[Mn(HL)2]单晶。通过x射线衍射研究可以分辨出水。使用尺寸为0.600 x 0.510 x 0.420 mm3的晶体收集数据。(Mn (HL) 2)。H2O结晶时，每个不对称单元有两个分子，形成一个空间群为P-1的三斜晶系。计算机评价口服生物利用度、生物活性评分、ADME、药物相似度和药物化学友好性。这个化合物符合利平斯基的规则。利用GLIDE程序对该化合物进行了分子对接研究。这表明该分子是癌症药物发现过程中有希望的候选分子。同时，利用Gaussian 09软件包，利用DFT (B3LYP)/6-31+G (d,p)计算标题化合物的量子化学参数。
{"title":"Exploring the experimental and theoretical aspects of 2-[2-(diphenylmethylidene)hydrazine]-N-methyl-N-phenylhydrazine-1-carbothioamide","authors":"K.G. Sangeetha, K.K. Aravindakshan","doi":"10.25303/2711rjce082096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25303/2711rjce082096","url":null,"abstract":"In the present study, 2-[2-(Diphenylmethylidene) hydrazine]-N-methyl-N-phenylhydrazine-1-carbothio amide (H2L) and its Mn(II) complex were synthesized. Mn(II) complex was characterized by elemental analysis, magnetic susceptibility, spectral and thermal studies. Single crystals of [Mn(HL)2].H2O is resolved by X-ray diffraction studies. A crystal with dimensions of 0.600 x 0.510 x 0.420 mm3 was used for collecting the data. [Mn(HL)2].H2O crystallizes with two molecules per asymmetric unit into a triclinic crystal system with a space group of P-1. In silico assessment of oral bioavailability, bioactivity scores, ADME, drug-likeness and medicinal chemistry friendliness were computed. The compound obeyed Lipinski’s rule. A molecular docking study of the compound was performed using the GLIDE Program. It proposes that this molecule is a promising candidate for the cancer drug discovery process. Simultaneously, the quantum chemical parameters of the title compound were calculated using DFT (B3LYP)/6-31+G (d,p) with the Gaussian 09 software package.","PeriodicalId":21012,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135766205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this study, comparison of energy regime analysis of mesophilic and thermophilic condition upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor treating distillery effluent is studied. Percentage COD reduction in thermophilic condition was more by 6.96% than mesophilic condition due to which biogas production increased by 0.1 m3/kg COD removed. In thermophilic temperature condition, methenogenesis was more than acidification than in mesophilic temperature condition; effluent VFA concentration in mesophilic condition was more in thermophilic condition. Stability of thermophilic reactor was more than mesophilic reactor from VFA/ Alkalinity ratio. Waste water treatment plant consumes 2.10 kWh/m3 total energy which comprises of electrical, mechanical and manual energy in mesophilic temperature condition. Input given in the form of electrical energy was 2.07 kWh/m3 and energy recovered in the form of biogas was 185 kWh/m3. Total energy input in thermophilic temperature condition was 1.82 kWh/ m3 and biogas recovery was 211 kWh/m3 in the form of energy. Net saving in energy input was 0.28 kWh/m3 (12.98%) and biogas production increased by 25.9 kWh/m3 (14%) in the form of energy in thermophic temperature condition. Treatment of distillery wastewater in thermophilic temperature condition can be a good option as compared to mesophilic temperature conditions considering the aspect of energy and it seems feasible due to the availability of elevated temperature of the feed for UASB.
{"title":"Distillery Plant Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket Reactor comparision of Energy regime in Mesophilic and Thermophilic conditions","authors":"A.B. Saner, A.K. Mungray","doi":"10.25303/2711rjce035044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25303/2711rjce035044","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, comparison of energy regime analysis of mesophilic and thermophilic condition upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor treating distillery effluent is studied. Percentage COD reduction in thermophilic condition was more by 6.96% than mesophilic condition due to which biogas production increased by 0.1 m3/kg COD removed. In thermophilic temperature condition, methenogenesis was more than acidification than in mesophilic temperature condition; effluent VFA concentration in mesophilic condition was more in thermophilic condition. Stability of thermophilic reactor was more than mesophilic reactor from VFA/ Alkalinity ratio. Waste water treatment plant consumes 2.10 kWh/m3 total energy which comprises of electrical, mechanical and manual energy in mesophilic temperature condition. Input given in the form of electrical energy was 2.07 kWh/m3 and energy recovered in the form of biogas was 185 kWh/m3. Total energy input in thermophilic temperature condition was 1.82 kWh/ m3 and biogas recovery was 211 kWh/m3 in the form of energy. Net saving in energy input was 0.28 kWh/m3 (12.98%) and biogas production increased by 25.9 kWh/m3 (14%) in the form of energy in thermophic temperature condition. Treatment of distillery wastewater in thermophilic temperature condition can be a good option as compared to mesophilic temperature conditions considering the aspect of energy and it seems feasible due to the availability of elevated temperature of the feed for UASB.","PeriodicalId":21012,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135766208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-15DOI: 10.25303/2711rjce1310141
Ho Soonmin, Ahmed Naser
This work provided an overview on the synthesis of metal oxide thin films on different types of substrates (soda lime glass, fluorine-doped tin oxide glass, silica glass, stainless steel, quartz, silicon and microscopic glass slide) using spray pyrolysis method. The fundamentals, advantages and limitations of this method have been described. Experimental results indicated that the properties of films were strongly depending on the specific process parameters (nozzle type, distance between nozzle and substrate, solvent type, solution flow rate, precursor concentration, compressed air pressure, spray time and substrate temperature). It was noted that deposition temperature could control the surface chemical composition based on the experimental results. The presence of amorphous or polycrystalline structure could be observed for the films prepared at different deposition times as indicated in XRD studies. The obtained films indicated excellent absorption coefficient value (104 to 105 cm-1) and high transmittance value (more than 82 %) in the visible and infrared portion.
{"title":"An overview on spray pyrolysis deposition of metal oxide thin films","authors":"Ho Soonmin, Ahmed Naser","doi":"10.25303/2711rjce1310141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25303/2711rjce1310141","url":null,"abstract":"This work provided an overview on the synthesis of metal oxide thin films on different types of substrates (soda lime glass, fluorine-doped tin oxide glass, silica glass, stainless steel, quartz, silicon and microscopic glass slide) using spray pyrolysis method. The fundamentals, advantages and limitations of this method have been described. Experimental results indicated that the properties of films were strongly depending on the specific process parameters (nozzle type, distance between nozzle and substrate, solvent type, solution flow rate, precursor concentration, compressed air pressure, spray time and substrate temperature). It was noted that deposition temperature could control the surface chemical composition based on the experimental results. The presence of amorphous or polycrystalline structure could be observed for the films prepared at different deposition times as indicated in XRD studies. The obtained films indicated excellent absorption coefficient value (104 to 105 cm-1) and high transmittance value (more than 82 %) in the visible and infrared portion.","PeriodicalId":21012,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135766332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Forests of Southern Haryana are incredibly rich in medicinally important plant species but anthropogenic activities and invasive alien plant species are putting a huge stress on these forests. In order to comprehend the ecology of invasive alien plant species, the current study was carried out in the semi-arid forests of Southern Haryana districts, namely Charkhi Dadri and Mahendergarh. During the study, different analytical parameters were calculated such as density(D), basal area (B.A) and importance value index(IVI) along with different diversity indices such as Shannon-weiner index(H'), Simpson index(CD), Pielou index(d) and Margalef index(E). A total of 19 alien plants were recorded with family Asteraceae dominating with 5 species followed by family Solanaceae and Malvaceae. Some of the alien plants were turned out as deadly invasive such as Parthenium hysterophorus, Prosopis juliflora, Chenopodium murale and Croton bonplandianus with high value of IVI, affecting the survival and growth of important native plant species. Thus, the present study is carried out in the field of phytosociology in forests of Southern Haryana. Appropriate strategies must be implemented in this direction to retain the natural ecology of the area.
{"title":"Invasive Alien Plant Species Assessment in Semi-Arid Ecosystems: A Case Study from Southern Haryana, India","authors":"Harish Punia, Somveer Jakhar","doi":"10.25303/2711rjce051059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25303/2711rjce051059","url":null,"abstract":"Forests of Southern Haryana are incredibly rich in medicinally important plant species but anthropogenic activities and invasive alien plant species are putting a huge stress on these forests. In order to comprehend the ecology of invasive alien plant species, the current study was carried out in the semi-arid forests of Southern Haryana districts, namely Charkhi Dadri and Mahendergarh. During the study, different analytical parameters were calculated such as density(D), basal area (B.A) and importance value index(IVI) along with different diversity indices such as Shannon-weiner index(H'), Simpson index(CD), Pielou index(d) and Margalef index(E). A total of 19 alien plants were recorded with family Asteraceae dominating with 5 species followed by family Solanaceae and Malvaceae. Some of the alien plants were turned out as deadly invasive such as Parthenium hysterophorus, Prosopis juliflora, Chenopodium murale and Croton bonplandianus with high value of IVI, affecting the survival and growth of important native plant species. Thus, the present study is carried out in the field of phytosociology in forests of Southern Haryana. Appropriate strategies must be implemented in this direction to retain the natural ecology of the area.","PeriodicalId":21012,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135766191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Elakkiya G. Tamil, R. Chandrasekhar, G. Sundararajan
Watermelon rind aqueous extract mediated synthesis of CdS nanoparticles was investigated for its efficiency towards removal of lead and cadmium ions from aqueous solutions. Batch adsorption investigations were performed to optimise the experimental conditions. The optimised conditions were found to be pH 6, 1 g L-1, 30 min and 303 K respectively for the removal of lead and cadmium ions. The equilibrium data obtained was analysed with isotherm models and it was found that Langmuir and Freundlich isothersm explain better and the loading capacities were found to be 332.2 and 318.7 mg L-1 respectively for Pb2+ ad Cd2+ ions. Kinetic investigations suggest that pseudo second order kinetic model fits well to the experimental data suggesting that chemical reactions govern the rate limiting step. The spontaneous and exothermic nature of the present process was successfully demonstrated by the thermodynamic investigations. Desorption and regeneration studies suggest that the CdS nanoparticles can be successfully regenerated 5 times and reused in the adsorption process.
研究了西瓜皮水提物介导的CdS纳米颗粒对水溶液中铅和镉离子的去除效果。进行了间歇吸附实验，优化了实验条件。结果表明，在pH为6、1 g L-1、30 min和303 K的条件下，铅和镉离子的脱除效果最佳。用等温线模型分析得到的平衡数据，发现Langmuir等温线和Freundlich等温线能更好地解释Pb2+和Cd2+离子的负载能力分别为332.2和318.7 mg L-1。动力学研究表明，拟二级动力学模型与实验数据吻合较好，表明化学反应控制了限速步骤。热力学研究成功地证明了该过程的自发和放热性质。解吸和再生研究表明，CdS纳米颗粒可成功再生5次，并在吸附过程中重复使用。
{"title":"Green Synthesis of CdS Nanoparticles and their Potential Application towards Adsorption of Lead and Cadmium ions","authors":"Elakkiya G. Tamil, R. Chandrasekhar, G. Sundararajan","doi":"10.25303/2711rjce072081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25303/2711rjce072081","url":null,"abstract":"Watermelon rind aqueous extract mediated synthesis of CdS nanoparticles was investigated for its efficiency towards removal of lead and cadmium ions from aqueous solutions. Batch adsorption investigations were performed to optimise the experimental conditions. The optimised conditions were found to be pH 6, 1 g L-1, 30 min and 303 K respectively for the removal of lead and cadmium ions. The equilibrium data obtained was analysed with isotherm models and it was found that Langmuir and Freundlich isothersm explain better and the loading capacities were found to be 332.2 and 318.7 mg L-1 respectively for Pb2+ ad Cd2+ ions. Kinetic investigations suggest that pseudo second order kinetic model fits well to the experimental data suggesting that chemical reactions govern the rate limiting step. The spontaneous and exothermic nature of the present process was successfully demonstrated by the thermodynamic investigations. Desorption and regeneration studies suggest that the CdS nanoparticles can be successfully regenerated 5 times and reused in the adsorption process.","PeriodicalId":21012,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135766199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This work involves the synthesis of cobalt zinc oxide nanoparticles using a simple green method and their characterization using various techniques. Green synthesis is carried out using polyol medium and microwave heating. Polyol medium minimizes the use of chemicals while microwaves provided an energy efficient method for heating. Ethylene glycol is used as solvent along with polyvinylpyrrolidone and hydrazinium hydroxide. Domestic microwave oven is used as source for microwaves. Nanoparticles collected after washing are calcined at three different temperatures: 773 K, 973K, 1173 K. They are characterized by using IR spectroscopy, X ray Diffraction, Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy and Transmission Electron Microscopy. EDS study confirmed composition and empirical formula of the samples calcined at different temperatures. XRD data included peaks for zinc oxide and cobalt oxide at characteristic 2θ values and calculated crystallite size as 32.07 nm at 773 K, 40.33nm at 973K and 56.42 at 1173 K. IR studies confirmed the formation of Zn-O, Co-O bonds and TEM images confirmed homogeneous size distribution. These nanoparticles are suitable for catalytic and antibacterial applications.
{"title":"Synthesis and Characterization of Cobalt- Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles via Microwave assisted Polyol Method","authors":"Kumar V.G. Viju, P. Sreeshma, V.G. Vidya","doi":"10.25303/2710rjce021026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25303/2710rjce021026","url":null,"abstract":"This work involves the synthesis of cobalt zinc oxide nanoparticles using a simple green method and their characterization using various techniques. Green synthesis is carried out using polyol medium and microwave heating. Polyol medium minimizes the use of chemicals while microwaves provided an energy efficient method for heating. Ethylene glycol is used as solvent along with polyvinylpyrrolidone and hydrazinium hydroxide. Domestic microwave oven is used as source for microwaves. Nanoparticles collected after washing are calcined at three different temperatures: 773 K, 973K, 1173 K. They are characterized by using IR spectroscopy, X ray Diffraction, Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy and Transmission Electron Microscopy. EDS study confirmed composition and empirical formula of the samples calcined at different temperatures. XRD data included peaks for zinc oxide and cobalt oxide at characteristic 2θ values and calculated crystallite size as 32.07 nm at 773 K, 40.33nm at 973K and 56.42 at 1173 K. IR studies confirmed the formation of Zn-O, Co-O bonds and TEM images confirmed homogeneous size distribution. These nanoparticles are suitable for catalytic and antibacterial applications.","PeriodicalId":21012,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135486582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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