The effective and straightforward procedure for synthesizing 1-H 1,2,3,4 tetrazole involves the reaction of a primary amine, triethyl orthoformate and sodium azide in the presence of silica-supported melamine tri sulfonic acid. One pot synthesis of tetrazole derivatives over the silica-supported melamine tri sulfonic acid catalyst reveals that the existence of strong acid sites in silica makes it more efficient with respect to the shortening of the reaction time (5–6 h) and excellent yield (75-84%) as compared to the other catalysts. This process includes benefits like a more environmentally friendly path, an easier work-up, a reusable catalyst and a high yield.
{"title":"Three components: one-pot synthesis of tetrazoles using silica-supported melamine tri-sulfonic acid, an efficient and reusable heterogeneous catalyst","authors":"Hetal Tailor, Pruthviraj Limbachiya, D. Mahajan","doi":"10.25303/284rjce088096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25303/284rjce088096","url":null,"abstract":"The effective and straightforward procedure for synthesizing 1-H 1,2,3,4 tetrazole involves the reaction of a primary amine, triethyl orthoformate and sodium azide in the presence of silica-supported melamine tri sulfonic acid. One pot synthesis of tetrazole derivatives over the silica-supported melamine tri sulfonic acid catalyst reveals that the existence of strong acid sites in silica makes it more efficient with respect to the shortening of the reaction time (5–6 h) and excellent yield (75-84%) as compared to the other catalysts. This process includes benefits like a more environmentally friendly path, an easier work-up, a reusable catalyst and a high yield.","PeriodicalId":21012,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140414973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Catalytic oxidation is an oxidation process that converts volatile organics and water carbon in the presence of the catalyst. A catalyst is a substance that is used to accelerate the rate of reaction at a given temperature without itself being consumed during the reaction and it can be used repeatedly. This review presents catalytic oxidation of ortho-dichlorobenzene over V2O5 loaded metal oxides (TiO2, SiO2 and Al2O3), supported transition metal oxides, ABO3- type perovskites and Ca-doped FeOx hollow microspheres. The review reveals different reaction conditions in which different catalysts were used during the degradation of 1,2-dichlorobenzene. The catalytic activity performance is reviewed and compared for all the catalysts used during the degradation of 1,2-dichlorobenzene. In our previous study, catalytic oxidation of orthodichlorobenzene in the presence of ozone and the catalyst at ambient reaction conditions was studied.
{"title":"Advanced Oxidation Processes for the oxyfunctionalisation of 1,2-dichlorobenzene: a review","authors":"Nomthandazo Mkhize, Viswanadha Srirama Rajasekhar Pullabhotla","doi":"10.25303/283rjce0940103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25303/283rjce0940103","url":null,"abstract":"Catalytic oxidation is an oxidation process that converts volatile organics and water carbon in the presence of the catalyst. A catalyst is a substance that is used to accelerate the rate of reaction at a given temperature without itself being consumed during the reaction and it can be used repeatedly. This review presents catalytic oxidation of ortho-dichlorobenzene over V2O5 loaded metal oxides (TiO2, SiO2 and Al2O3), supported transition metal oxides, ABO3- type perovskites and Ca-doped FeOx hollow microspheres. The review reveals different reaction conditions in which different catalysts were used during the degradation of 1,2-dichlorobenzene. The catalytic activity performance is reviewed and compared for all the catalysts used during the degradation of 1,2-dichlorobenzene. In our previous study, catalytic oxidation of orthodichlorobenzene in the presence of ozone and the catalyst at ambient reaction conditions was studied.","PeriodicalId":21012,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140472030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gas hydrates have emerged as a highly focused area of study over the past two decades due to their distinctive advantages and potential applications. Among gas hydrates, methane hydrates stand out for their enormous energy potential, serving as both an energy resource and finding utility in various applications such as gas storage, separation and enrichment. This study discusses the extraction of gas hydrates, which involves employing different methods such as depressurization, thermal stimulation and inhibitor injection to dissociate the compounds. Ensuring the safety and efficiency of gas production requires a comprehensive understanding of the geotechnical properties of hydrate reservoirs. It is essential to maintain flow assurance, sediment formation integrity and wellbore stability for secure and efficient extraction of gas from hydrates in sedimentary deposits. The key factors that influence these aspects, encompass strength and deformation characteristics, fluid migration behaviour and thermal conduction properties.
{"title":"A comprehensive review on Exploration and Production scenario of Natural Gas Hydrate","authors":"Prasenjit Talukdar, Sazia Akhter, Kishan Kumar Dey, Nabanita Hazarika","doi":"10.25303/283rjce1040109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25303/283rjce1040109","url":null,"abstract":"Gas hydrates have emerged as a highly focused area of study over the past two decades due to their distinctive advantages and potential applications. Among gas hydrates, methane hydrates stand out for their enormous energy potential, serving as both an energy resource and finding utility in various applications such as gas storage, separation and enrichment. This study discusses the extraction of gas hydrates, which involves employing different methods such as depressurization, thermal stimulation and inhibitor injection to dissociate the compounds. Ensuring the safety and efficiency of gas production requires a comprehensive understanding of the geotechnical properties of hydrate reservoirs. It is essential to maintain flow assurance, sediment formation integrity and wellbore stability for secure and efficient extraction of gas from hydrates in sedimentary deposits. The key factors that influence these aspects, encompass strength and deformation characteristics, fluid migration behaviour and thermal conduction properties.","PeriodicalId":21012,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140472256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. Sujatha, Devi A. Mathunika, Josephine J. Lesy, P. Punitha, P. Ramanathan
A simple and efficient protocol for 9-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3,3,6,6-tetramethyl-3,4,6,7,9,10-hexa hydroacridine-1,8(2H,5H)-dione (MPTH) was synthesised by conventional method by using efficient nano catalyst. The crystallite sizes (L) and surface area (S) of TiO2 are 10.44 nm and 140.32 m2/g. MPTH displayed wide inhibitions on the KB cell appearance with IC50 values 25.06 μg. The IC50 values of the MPTH imply that methoxy substituted compound holds more inhibitory effect against the cancer cells.
{"title":"Efficient biological activity of acridine synthesised by using efficient nano catalyst","authors":"G. Sujatha, Devi A. Mathunika, Josephine J. Lesy, P. Punitha, P. Ramanathan","doi":"10.25303/283rjce056060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25303/283rjce056060","url":null,"abstract":"A simple and efficient protocol for 9-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3,3,6,6-tetramethyl-3,4,6,7,9,10-hexa hydroacridine-1,8(2H,5H)-dione (MPTH) was synthesised by conventional method by using efficient nano catalyst. The crystallite sizes (L) and surface area (S) of TiO2 are 10.44 nm and 140.32 m2/g. MPTH displayed wide inhibitions on the KB cell appearance with IC50 values 25.06 μg. The IC50 values of the MPTH imply that methoxy substituted compound holds more inhibitory effect against the cancer cells.","PeriodicalId":21012,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140475511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Ramanaiah, M. Balakrishna, S. Gouthamsri, Lakshmi M. Sowbhagya, K. Jayarao
The potentiometric measurement was conducted to determine the formation of metal-ligand complex species between 5-sulfosalicylic acid and divalent calcium, magnesium and zinc metal ions. The experiment involved varying concentrations of sodium dodecyl sulphate (0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5 percent w/v). The experimental procedure was conducted at a temperature of 303 Kelvin, utilizing sodium chloride (NaCl) to regulate the ionic strength to a value of 0.16 moles per cubic decimeter. The dynamic species of 5-sulfosalicylic acid are LH2- and LH2-. The selection of the best fit for the complex speciation was based on statistical criteria including skewness, χ2, kurtosis and crystallographic R-factor. The formation of the complexes ML2H, ML2H2 and ML3H3 was seen upon as the complexation of metal ions with 5-sulfosalicylic acid. The relationship between electrostatics and the stability of complex species has been demonstrated. Additionally, the dispersion of chemical species in relation to pH and compositional variety has been observed. This study investigates the potential existence of intricate equilibria.
{"title":"Impact of Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate Anionic Micelles on the Complex Equilibria of Divalent Metal Ions with 5-Sulfosalicylic Acid","authors":"M. Ramanaiah, M. Balakrishna, S. Gouthamsri, Lakshmi M. Sowbhagya, K. Jayarao","doi":"10.25303/283rjce010018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25303/283rjce010018","url":null,"abstract":"The potentiometric measurement was conducted to determine the formation of metal-ligand complex species between 5-sulfosalicylic acid and divalent calcium, magnesium and zinc metal ions. The experiment involved varying concentrations of sodium dodecyl sulphate (0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5 percent w/v). The experimental procedure was conducted at a temperature of 303 Kelvin, utilizing sodium chloride (NaCl) to regulate the ionic strength to a value of 0.16 moles per cubic decimeter. The dynamic species of 5-sulfosalicylic acid are LH2- and LH2-. The selection of the best fit for the complex speciation was based on statistical criteria including skewness, χ2, kurtosis and crystallographic R-factor. The formation of the complexes ML2H, ML2H2 and ML3H3 was seen upon as the complexation of metal ions with 5-sulfosalicylic acid. The relationship between electrostatics and the stability of complex species has been demonstrated. Additionally, the dispersion of chemical species in relation to pH and compositional variety has been observed. This study investigates the potential existence of intricate equilibria.","PeriodicalId":21012,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140473027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ptaquiloside (PTA), a glucoside found in common tropical bracken ferns like Pteridium aquilinum, possesses genotoxic and DNA-damaging properties. Its water-solubility makes it susceptible to rapid leaching during rainfall, resulting in its presence in groundwater. PTA's DNA alkylation ability contributes significantly to tumorigenesis, substantiating its carcinogenic potential in animals including humans. Its presence has been confirmed not only in groundwater but also in meat and milk. The unique leaching behavior of PTA, along with evidence of multiple mechanisms leading to cellular mutations, warrants further attention. Research is needed to enhance the isolation and purification of PTA from samples. While the current understanding points to DNA alkylation as the primary mechanism of action, emerging studies suggest potential alternate mechanisms that remain elusive.
Ptaquiloside (PTA)是一种存在于常见热带蕨类植物（如Pteridium aquilinum）中的葡萄糖苷，具有基因毒性和DNA损伤特性。其水溶性使其容易在降雨时被迅速沥滤，导致其存在于地下水中。PTA 的 DNA 烷基化能力极大地促进了肿瘤的生成，证实了它在动物（包括人类）中的致癌潜力。经证实，它不仅存在于地下水中，还存在于肉类和牛奶中。PTA 独特的浸出行为，以及导致细胞突变的多种机制的证据，值得进一步关注。需要开展研究，以提高从样本中分离和纯化 PTA 的能力。虽然目前的认识表明 DNA 烷基化是主要的作用机制，但新的研究表明，潜在的替代机制仍然难以捉摸。
{"title":"Assessing Environmental Safety Risks associated with Ptaquiloside: A Rapidly Leaching Glucoside from Bracken Ferns","authors":"S. Narasimhan, S. Bindu","doi":"10.25303/283rjce090093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25303/283rjce090093","url":null,"abstract":"Ptaquiloside (PTA), a glucoside found in common tropical bracken ferns like Pteridium aquilinum, possesses genotoxic and DNA-damaging properties. Its water-solubility makes it susceptible to rapid leaching during rainfall, resulting in its presence in groundwater. PTA's DNA alkylation ability contributes significantly to tumorigenesis, substantiating its carcinogenic potential in animals including humans. Its presence has been confirmed not only in groundwater but also in meat and milk. The unique leaching behavior of PTA, along with evidence of multiple mechanisms leading to cellular mutations, warrants further attention. Research is needed to enhance the isolation and purification of PTA from samples. While the current understanding points to DNA alkylation as the primary mechanism of action, emerging studies suggest potential alternate mechanisms that remain elusive.","PeriodicalId":21012,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140472054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the current study, Cobalt (Co) doped ZnO nanoparticles with different dopant concentrations are prepared using the sol-gel process. All the synthesized samples are characterised using a variety of instrumentation methods including XRD, FT-IR, UV-vis absorption spectroscopy, FE-SEM, EDAX, HRTEM and XPS. The XRD measurements revealed the crystallite sizes of the fabricated samples are reduced by increasing cobalt concentrations. The various functional groups present in the doped materials are identified using FT-IR spectra. According to the UV-vis absorption study, as Co dopant concentration rises, the energy band gap narrows down in comparison to pure ZnO. According to an FESEM image, Co doping in ZnO causes a shift in the morphology of the material, making for structures that resemble flowers almost exactly. The various elemental compositions are evaluated using EDAX. The results of analyses employing high-resonance transmission electron microscopy show that the two co-doped ZnO crystallites combine to produce spherical structures with a mean size of 16 nm. This is consistent with the crystallite size predicted by Scherrer's formula. According to the results of the XPS analysis, the Co ion was integrated into the ZnO lattice in a Co2+ oxidised form. The 0.3M Cobalt doped sample showed improved photocatalytic reaction efficiency of methylene blue. As the Co doping concentrations increased, the photocatalytic reaction's efficiency also increased.
{"title":"Sol-Gel synthesis, characterization and photocatalytic activity of Cobalt doped ZnO nanoparticles","authors":"M. Chitra, A. Kistan, V. Kanchana, A. Jayanthi","doi":"10.25303/283rjce048055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25303/283rjce048055","url":null,"abstract":"In the current study, Cobalt (Co) doped ZnO nanoparticles with different dopant concentrations are prepared using the sol-gel process. All the synthesized samples are characterised using a variety of instrumentation methods including XRD, FT-IR, UV-vis absorption spectroscopy, FE-SEM, EDAX, HRTEM and XPS. The XRD measurements revealed the crystallite sizes of the fabricated samples are reduced by increasing cobalt concentrations. The various functional groups present in the doped materials are identified using FT-IR spectra. According to the UV-vis absorption study, as Co dopant concentration rises, the energy band gap narrows down in comparison to pure ZnO. According to an FESEM image, Co doping in ZnO causes a shift in the morphology of the material, making for structures that resemble flowers almost exactly. The various elemental compositions are evaluated using EDAX. The results of analyses employing high-resonance transmission electron microscopy show that the two co-doped ZnO crystallites combine to produce spherical structures with a mean size of 16 nm. This is consistent with the crystallite size predicted by Scherrer's formula. According to the results of the XPS analysis, the Co ion was integrated into the ZnO lattice in a Co2+ oxidised form. The 0.3M Cobalt doped sample showed improved photocatalytic reaction efficiency of methylene blue. As the Co doping concentrations increased, the photocatalytic reaction's efficiency also increased.","PeriodicalId":21012,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140471322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Toxic pollutants in wastewater must be reduced in order to protect the aquatic ecosystem's stability and the public's health. Finding affordable and effective technologies for treating municipal, horticultural, aquacultural and industrial wastewater is urgently needed. Nitrogen-doped carbon nanosheets (N-CNS), which are produced by hydrothermal reaction from glycerol, sulfuric acid and melamine, have strong adsorptive behaviour against hazardous aqueous pollutants such as heavy metals and organic compounds. The overall elemental composition of CNS is altered by nitrogen incorporation, favouring CNS interaction with pollutants. The objective of the current investigation was to investigate the possibility for Chromium(VI) [Cr(VI)] adsorption on the CNS from a liquid solution. The ideal pH for Cr (VI) adsorption was noted to be 2.0. The Cr(VI) adsorption was enhanced when the starting metal concentration is more up to 700 mg L-1. A maximum removal of 256.41 mg g-1was seen when pH was 2.0 at 700 mg L-1 initial Cr(VI) concentration. We employed both the Freundlich and the Langmuir adsorption isotherms to determine the adsorption equilibrium constants. Using fitting curves and correlation coefficients (R2), it has been found that the model of the Langmuir isotherm is a best fit and it indicates homogeneous surface of CNS.
{"title":"Exploring the Role of Carbon Nanosheets for Detoxification of Cr(VI) from Aqueous Solution","authors":"Madhur Kant, F. Khatoon, Mousumi Sen","doi":"10.25303/283rjce070077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25303/283rjce070077","url":null,"abstract":"Toxic pollutants in wastewater must be reduced in order to protect the aquatic ecosystem's stability and the public's health. Finding affordable and effective technologies for treating municipal, horticultural, aquacultural and industrial wastewater is urgently needed. Nitrogen-doped carbon nanosheets (N-CNS), which are produced by hydrothermal reaction from glycerol, sulfuric acid and melamine, have strong adsorptive behaviour against hazardous aqueous pollutants such as heavy metals and organic compounds. The overall elemental composition of CNS is altered by nitrogen incorporation, favouring CNS interaction with pollutants. The objective of the current investigation was to investigate the possibility for Chromium(VI) [Cr(VI)] adsorption on the CNS from a liquid solution. The ideal pH for Cr (VI) adsorption was noted to be 2.0. The Cr(VI) adsorption was enhanced when the starting metal concentration is more up to 700 mg L-1. A maximum removal of 256.41 mg g-1was seen when pH was 2.0 at 700 mg L-1 initial Cr(VI) concentration. We employed both the Freundlich and the Langmuir adsorption isotherms to determine the adsorption equilibrium constants. Using fitting curves and correlation coefficients (R2), it has been found that the model of the Langmuir isotherm is a best fit and it indicates homogeneous surface of CNS.","PeriodicalId":21012,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140470547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fazira Abdul Rahim Nur, N. Muhammad, N. Abdullah, Talip Balkis A.
The prevalence of urolithiasis has become a concerning issue in Malaysia. Its treatment normally relies on medical processes which are costly and can trigger reoccurrence. Traditional healers have used Aquilaria malaccensis (agarwood) to treat urolithiasis; however, the extraction parameters that result in optimum effectiveness have not been determined. Hence, this research aims to optimise the extraction parameters of A. malaccensis stem on in vitro antiurolithiatic activities by applying response surface methodology (RSM) and central composite design (CCD). The studied parameters were solvent concentration (X1), extraction temperature (X2) and extraction time (X3). Their effects on antiurolithiatic activities (turbidity assay, Y1; titrimetric assay, Y2) were also investigated. The presence of phenols, alkaloids and terpenoids was assessed both qualitatively and quantitatively. The quadratic model was selected for both antiurolithiatic activities as the R2 values achieved were close to 1 and were significantly affected by each studied parameter (p < 0.05). The optimum extraction condition of A. malaccensis stem extract was 100% ethanol, 30.0°C extraction temperature and 30 min extraction time. The extract demonstrated antiurolithiatic activities measured at 83.58 ± 0.75% (turbidity assay) and 86.57 ± 0.80% (titrimetric assay). The phytoconstituents in A. malaccensis stem extracts showed positive correlations with both antiurolithiatic activities. This research has established the reliability of RSM to optimise extraction conditions of A. malaccensis stem to exhibit high antiurolithiatic activities.
{"title":"Optimisation of extraction parameters of Aquilaria malaccensis on in vitro antiurolithiatic activities using Response surface methodology (RSM)","authors":"Fazira Abdul Rahim Nur, N. Muhammad, N. Abdullah, Talip Balkis A.","doi":"10.25303/283rjce0109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25303/283rjce0109","url":null,"abstract":"The prevalence of urolithiasis has become a concerning issue in Malaysia. Its treatment normally relies on medical processes which are costly and can trigger reoccurrence. Traditional healers have used Aquilaria malaccensis (agarwood) to treat urolithiasis; however, the extraction parameters that result in optimum effectiveness have not been determined. Hence, this research aims to optimise the extraction parameters of A. malaccensis stem on in vitro antiurolithiatic activities by applying response surface methodology (RSM) and central composite design (CCD). The studied parameters were solvent concentration (X1), extraction temperature (X2) and extraction time (X3). Their effects on antiurolithiatic activities (turbidity assay, Y1; titrimetric assay, Y2) were also investigated. The presence of phenols, alkaloids and terpenoids was assessed both qualitatively and quantitatively. The quadratic model was selected for both antiurolithiatic activities as the R2 values achieved were close to 1 and were significantly affected by each studied parameter (p < 0.05). The optimum extraction condition of A. malaccensis stem extract was 100% ethanol, 30.0°C extraction temperature and 30 min extraction time. The extract demonstrated antiurolithiatic activities measured at 83.58 ± 0.75% (turbidity assay) and 86.57 ± 0.80% (titrimetric assay). The phytoconstituents in A. malaccensis stem extracts showed positive correlations with both antiurolithiatic activities. This research has established the reliability of RSM to optimise extraction conditions of A. malaccensis stem to exhibit high antiurolithiatic activities.","PeriodicalId":21012,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140476845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We have synthesized some novel derivatives of 4-(1-(2, 4-dinitrophenyl)-3-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-7,7-dimet hyl-2-(methylamino)-3nitro-6,7,8,8a-tetrahydro-4H-chromen-5(4aH)-one by the multicomponent reaction of pyrazole aldehydes derivatives, N-methyl-1-(methylthio)-2-nitroethenamine (NMSM) and 5,5-dimethylcyclohexane-1,3-dione. The synthesised compounds are confirmed by 1H NMR, IR and Mass Spectroscopy and they were then tested for antioxidant activities. In terms of antioxidant activity, compounds C-7 and C-1 were found to have the greatest and lowest levels respectively. Against Enterobacter aerogenes, compound C-5 exhibited the lowest minimum inhibitory concentration value.
{"title":"The development, preparation and characterisation of novel pyran derivatives and their biological assessment","authors":"Shamili Sriramoju, Srinivas Avula, Sindhura Konda, Kavitha Siddoju","doi":"10.25303/283rjce061069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25303/283rjce061069","url":null,"abstract":"We have synthesized some novel derivatives of 4-(1-(2, 4-dinitrophenyl)-3-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-7,7-dimet hyl-2-(methylamino)-3nitro-6,7,8,8a-tetrahydro-4H-chromen-5(4aH)-one by the multicomponent reaction of pyrazole aldehydes derivatives, N-methyl-1-(methylthio)-2-nitroethenamine (NMSM) and 5,5-dimethylcyclohexane-1,3-dione. The synthesised compounds are confirmed by 1H NMR, IR and Mass Spectroscopy and they were then tested for antioxidant activities. In terms of antioxidant activity, compounds C-7 and C-1 were found to have the greatest and lowest levels respectively. Against Enterobacter aerogenes, compound C-5 exhibited the lowest minimum inhibitory concentration value.","PeriodicalId":21012,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140471943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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