Pub Date : 2023-08-15DOI: 10.25303/2709rjce1230133
Manjusha ., R. Singh, A. Srivastava
Nanotechnology has shown remarkable progressive innovations in the various fields of biology and biochemistry. Worldwide applications of nanotechnology can be best described in the areas of biomedical applications, drug delivery systems, biosensing and biocatalysis, vaccine designing and development etc. Nanotechnology with its recent developments and advancements brings about a huge impact on the food sector. Proteins due to their biocompatibility and biodegradability, are widely used as an essential part of food-grade nanomaterials. Protein-based nanostructures made from different kinds of proteins provide new options for nanotechnology in the food industry through their innovative range of food applications for processing, packaging, the shelf life of foods, quality control and enhancement of nutritional value. This study reviews the highlights of the recent developments of protein-based nanostructures such as nanocapsules, nanoemulsions, nanocoatings, nanohydrogels and nanosensors in the food industry.
{"title":"Protein-Based Nanostructures: A Promising Trend in Food Industry","authors":"Manjusha ., R. Singh, A. Srivastava","doi":"10.25303/2709rjce1230133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25303/2709rjce1230133","url":null,"abstract":"Nanotechnology has shown remarkable progressive innovations in the various fields of biology and biochemistry. Worldwide applications of nanotechnology can be best described in the areas of biomedical applications, drug delivery systems, biosensing and biocatalysis, vaccine designing and development etc. Nanotechnology with its recent developments and advancements brings about a huge impact on the food sector. Proteins due to their biocompatibility and biodegradability, are widely used as an essential part of food-grade nanomaterials. Protein-based nanostructures made from different kinds of proteins provide new options for nanotechnology in the food industry through their innovative range of food applications for processing, packaging, the shelf life of foods, quality control and enhancement of nutritional value. This study reviews the highlights of the recent developments of protein-based nanostructures such as nanocapsules, nanoemulsions, nanocoatings, nanohydrogels and nanosensors in the food industry.","PeriodicalId":21012,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135164842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-15DOI: 10.25303/2709rjce1120122
Pankaj Garg
Radiation exposure can be a two-edged sword. On one hand, the deployment of radiotherapy is one of the most acceptable modalities for malignancy treatment, for the reason of its ability to kill cancer cells. Equally, one is scared of the exposure to man-made emissions in the form of nuclear disasters or related to any form of hilarious power generation during the war. It is rational to facilitate the body enduring small intensity of emissions without any marked side effects. However, there are countless detrimental side effects of being exposed to elevated levels of radiation. These harmful side effects form an underlying fear in the general public in understanding the actual mechanism and concrete remediation of radiation exposure. The present study investigates in detail the principles of radiation safety and how different types of radiation emissions affect the human body when exposed at different levels of their intensity. Furthermore, it is also conferred how cellular mutations are originated in different organs and body systems due to different levels of radiation exposure and also the potential of organisms to develop resistance (threshold limit) to counteract harmful effects of radiation.
{"title":"The genomic effects of radiation exposure: induction of cancers and genetic aberrations in mammalian cells","authors":"Pankaj Garg","doi":"10.25303/2709rjce1120122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25303/2709rjce1120122","url":null,"abstract":"Radiation exposure can be a two-edged sword. On one hand, the deployment of radiotherapy is one of the most acceptable modalities for malignancy treatment, for the reason of its ability to kill cancer cells. Equally, one is scared of the exposure to man-made emissions in the form of nuclear disasters or related to any form of hilarious power generation during the war. It is rational to facilitate the body enduring small intensity of emissions without any marked side effects. However, there are countless detrimental side effects of being exposed to elevated levels of radiation. These harmful side effects form an underlying fear in the general public in understanding the actual mechanism and concrete remediation of radiation exposure. The present study investigates in detail the principles of radiation safety and how different types of radiation emissions affect the human body when exposed at different levels of their intensity. Furthermore, it is also conferred how cellular mutations are originated in different organs and body systems due to different levels of radiation exposure and also the potential of organisms to develop resistance (threshold limit) to counteract harmful effects of radiation.","PeriodicalId":21012,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135164844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Manju Bala, Anju Dhiman, Munish Garg, Harish Dureja
In India, Momordica charantia Linn. is utilized in juices, health supplements and colouring agents. The aim of the current study is to analyze phytoligands by utilizing gas chromatography mass spectroscopy of aqueous seed extract of Momordica charantia Linn (MCA). The MCA was prepared by macerating the powdered seeds for 72 hrs followed by filtration and lyophilization followed by an in vitro α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. MCA was the potent inhibitor of α-glucosidase with IC50 value 73.75± 0.05 μg/ml. The analysis through GC-MS investigated 60 phytoconstituents which were validated using Schrodinger suite version 2020-3 against α-glucosidase (PDB ID- 5NN5). As per docking results, the existing phytochemicals azetidin-2-one 3,3-dimethyl-4-(1-aminoethyl)-, alpha-l-rhamnopyranose, piperidine, 3-methyl-, 1,4-Dioxane-2,5-dione,3,6-dimethyl and citronellol epoxide (R or S) from MCA, got the highest d-score of -7.230, -5.918, -5.643, -5.312 and -5.185 kcal/mol and could be promising antidiabetic drug candidates.
在印度，Momordica charantia Linn。用于果汁、保健品和着色剂。采用气相色谱质谱法对苦瓜种子水提物中的植物配体进行分析。将种子粉末浸泡72小时，过滤、冻干，体外抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶活性，制备MCA。MCA是α-葡萄糖苷酶的有效抑制剂，IC50值为73.75±0.05 μg/ml。采用气相色谱-质谱法对60种植物成分进行了分析，并利用Schrodinger suite version 2020-3对α-葡萄糖苷酶(PDB ID- 5NN5)进行了验证。对接结果显示，现有植物化学物质azetitin -2- 1,3 -二甲基-4-(1-氨基乙基)-、α -l-鼠李糖、胡椒碱、3-甲基-、1,4-二氧嘧啶-2,5-二酮、3,6-二甲基和环氧香茅醇(R或S)的d值最高，分别为-7.230、-5.918、-5.643、-5.312和-5.185 kcal/mol，有望成为抗糖尿病的候选药物。
{"title":"Phytoligands analysis of aqueous seed extract of Momordica charantia Linn. via GC-MS for its antidiabetic activity","authors":"Manju Bala, Anju Dhiman, Munish Garg, Harish Dureja","doi":"10.25303/2709rjce075082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25303/2709rjce075082","url":null,"abstract":"In India, Momordica charantia Linn. is utilized in juices, health supplements and colouring agents. The aim of the current study is to analyze phytoligands by utilizing gas chromatography mass spectroscopy of aqueous seed extract of Momordica charantia Linn (MCA). The MCA was prepared by macerating the powdered seeds for 72 hrs followed by filtration and lyophilization followed by an in vitro α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. MCA was the potent inhibitor of α-glucosidase with IC50 value 73.75± 0.05 μg/ml. The analysis through GC-MS investigated 60 phytoconstituents which were validated using Schrodinger suite version 2020-3 against α-glucosidase (PDB ID- 5NN5). As per docking results, the existing phytochemicals azetidin-2-one 3,3-dimethyl-4-(1-aminoethyl)-, alpha-l-rhamnopyranose, piperidine, 3-methyl-, 1,4-Dioxane-2,5-dione,3,6-dimethyl and citronellol epoxide (R or S) from MCA, got the highest d-score of -7.230, -5.918, -5.643, -5.312 and -5.185 kcal/mol and could be promising antidiabetic drug candidates.","PeriodicalId":21012,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135164847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A precise and very efficient tandem mass spectrometry method (LC-MS/MS) was developed to quantify the resveratrol in the peanut matrix. Two mobile phases made up of water and acetonitrile in a ratio of 98:2 (%v/v) with 0.1% formic acid and acetonitrile and water in a percentage of 98:2 %(v/v) with 0.1% formic acid were used in the LC-MS/MS analysis of resveratrol on a BEH C-18, 130A° (50mm 2.1mm, 1.7μm) analytical column with 0.3 mL/min of flow rate. A triple quadrupole mass spectrometer and a positive electrospray ionization system were used to quantify resveratrol in multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) modes. The technique was evaluated and was found capable of quantifying resveratrol in peanut samples starting at 10 ng/g in compliance with SANTE guidelines.
{"title":"A Sensitive and High Throughput LC-MS/MS Method for the Determination of Resveratrol in Peanut Matrix","authors":"Vidya Sagar Venkata Pasupuleti, Prashant Bagade, Naga Suresh Reddy Venkata Kachireddy","doi":"10.25303/2709rjce046052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25303/2709rjce046052","url":null,"abstract":"A precise and very efficient tandem mass spectrometry method (LC-MS/MS) was developed to quantify the resveratrol in the peanut matrix. Two mobile phases made up of water and acetonitrile in a ratio of 98:2 (%v/v) with 0.1% formic acid and acetonitrile and water in a percentage of 98:2 %(v/v) with 0.1% formic acid were used in the LC-MS/MS analysis of resveratrol on a BEH C-18, 130A° (50mm 2.1mm, 1.7μm) analytical column with 0.3 mL/min of flow rate. A triple quadrupole mass spectrometer and a positive electrospray ionization system were used to quantify resveratrol in multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) modes. The technique was evaluated and was found capable of quantifying resveratrol in peanut samples starting at 10 ng/g in compliance with SANTE guidelines.","PeriodicalId":21012,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135164837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Modern photobioreactors for microalgae-based biofuel production face various budgetary challenges in comparison to its competitor design, the traditional open pond system. Herein, a novel design of a double-chamber hybrid photobioreactor is proposed, featuring low-cost components including a 3-W centrifugal pump and recyclable plastic modules for its solar flank, as well as derivatives from tubular and membrane photobioreactors. The hybrid photobioreactor exhibits reasonable hydrodynamic performance with a circulation time of 120 seconds and a mixing time of 38 seconds. A side-by-side runthrough of Chlorella vulgaris cultivation with the novel hybrid photobioreactor and a standard open pond system was done to compare growth rates and system performance under equal environmental conditions. Resulting measurements show that the hybrid photobioreactor produced a 34.87% comparatively greater amount of C. vulgaris by the tenth day of cultivation, demonstrating a significantly higher growth rate (P < 0.05). In contrast, wet-sludge lipid extraction processes show that the C. vulgaris culture grown in the open pond system held a substantially larger lipid accumulation than that of the hybrid photobioreactor, although the difference was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). The pilot-scale photobioreactor not only costed as little as the open pond system but also incurred 88.6% less expenses compared to a similarly designed bioreactor made of clear PVC material. Consequently, this project demonstrates the candidacy of the proposed low-cost hybrid photobioreactor design for microalgal biofuel production.
{"title":"Practical Design of Hybrid Photobioreactor System for Economic Feasibility and Environmental Sustainability","authors":"Bill Sun","doi":"10.25303/2709rjce017027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25303/2709rjce017027","url":null,"abstract":"Modern photobioreactors for microalgae-based biofuel production face various budgetary challenges in comparison to its competitor design, the traditional open pond system. Herein, a novel design of a double-chamber hybrid photobioreactor is proposed, featuring low-cost components including a 3-W centrifugal pump and recyclable plastic modules for its solar flank, as well as derivatives from tubular and membrane photobioreactors. The hybrid photobioreactor exhibits reasonable hydrodynamic performance with a circulation time of 120 seconds and a mixing time of 38 seconds. A side-by-side runthrough of Chlorella vulgaris cultivation with the novel hybrid photobioreactor and a standard open pond system was done to compare growth rates and system performance under equal environmental conditions. Resulting measurements show that the hybrid photobioreactor produced a 34.87% comparatively greater amount of C. vulgaris by the tenth day of cultivation, demonstrating a significantly higher growth rate (P < 0.05). In contrast, wet-sludge lipid extraction processes show that the C. vulgaris culture grown in the open pond system held a substantially larger lipid accumulation than that of the hybrid photobioreactor, although the difference was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). The pilot-scale photobioreactor not only costed as little as the open pond system but also incurred 88.6% less expenses compared to a similarly designed bioreactor made of clear PVC material. Consequently, this project demonstrates the candidacy of the proposed low-cost hybrid photobioreactor design for microalgal biofuel production.","PeriodicalId":21012,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135164841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Koteswara Rao Jammula, Sagar, J.S., Madhu G.M., Pradipkumar Dixit
This study reports on the synthesis of Cu2Zr3O7 nanoparticles using the solution combustion method followed by the fabrication and characterization of micro-composite sheets of Cu2Zr3O7 - HDPE. The characterization was performed using SEM, XRD and EDX analysis which demonstrated the effects of nano-sized Cu2Zr3O7 particles on the crystallinity and surface morphology of the fillers and elemental analysis using the EDX method. The dielectric behavior of the composite was investigated using an Impedance Analyzer. The composite's tensile strength was increased as evidenced by 34% increase in Young's modulus compared to blank HDPE for the sample with 1.5 wt% nanofiller loading. The results indicated that the dielectric constant increased as the frequency decreased, with higher values observed at 10 MHz. However, this trend was less pronounced at reduced filler loadings. The loss tangent initially dropped abruptly and then gradually as the frequency increased between 4 Hz and 1 MHz. The addition of Cu2Zr3O7 nanoparticles resulted in increased conductivity at higher frequencies compared to pure HDPE, with no significant frequency dependency observed at lower frequencies.
{"title":"Investigation of the Synthesis, Characterization and Properties of Nano Cu2Zr3O7 – HDPE Composite Sheets","authors":"Koteswara Rao Jammula, Sagar, J.S., Madhu G.M., Pradipkumar Dixit","doi":"10.25303/2709rjce920101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25303/2709rjce920101","url":null,"abstract":"This study reports on the synthesis of Cu2Zr3O7 nanoparticles using the solution combustion method followed by the fabrication and characterization of micro-composite sheets of Cu2Zr3O7 - HDPE. The characterization was performed using SEM, XRD and EDX analysis which demonstrated the effects of nano-sized Cu2Zr3O7 particles on the crystallinity and surface morphology of the fillers and elemental analysis using the EDX method. The dielectric behavior of the composite was investigated using an Impedance Analyzer. The composite's tensile strength was increased as evidenced by 34% increase in Young's modulus compared to blank HDPE for the sample with 1.5 wt% nanofiller loading. The results indicated that the dielectric constant increased as the frequency decreased, with higher values observed at 10 MHz. However, this trend was less pronounced at reduced filler loadings. The loss tangent initially dropped abruptly and then gradually as the frequency increased between 4 Hz and 1 MHz. The addition of Cu2Zr3O7 nanoparticles resulted in increased conductivity at higher frequencies compared to pure HDPE, with no significant frequency dependency observed at lower frequencies.","PeriodicalId":21012,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment","volume":"203 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135164839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Priya P. Vengatesh, J. Jeyasundari, Athithan A.S. Sakthi, A. Naveena
In this present study, the synthesis of Ag-CuO and Ag-ZnO nanocomposites has been conducted. The individual Ag-CuO and Ag-ZnO nanocomposites were synthesized by using chemical precipitation method. The resulting particles were characterized by using UV-Visible, FTIR, XRD and SEM. The optical properties and band gap measurements were explored by UV-Visible spectroscopy. FTIR spectrum of the prepared nanocomposite revealed the presence of vibrational modes which were related to the Cu-O, Zn-O. The XRD analysis confirmed the structural purity of synthesized nanocomposites and the estimated crystallite size is 31.93 nm and 26.62 nm for Ag-CuO and Ag-ZnO nanocomposites respectively. The morphological features were explored by SEM analysis with deposition of Ag nanoparticles on the surface of metal oxide nanoparticles. The antibacterial activities of synthesized nanocomposites were tested on bacteria strains such as Escherichia coli (Gram -ve) and Staphylococcus aureus (Gram +ve) respectively through well diffusion method. The synthesized nanocomposite shows the higher efficacy against E.coli with an average diameter size of 17 mm zone of inhibition. This result suggests that Ag-CuO and Ag-ZnO nanocomposites can be used effectively against microbial growth. Therefore, the synthesized nanocomposite may be promising for the antibacterial agent in pharmaceutical applications.
{"title":"Investigation of Antibacterial Activity of Ag-CuO and Ag-ZnO Nanocomposites synthesized by Chemical Precipitation Method","authors":"Priya P. Vengatesh, J. Jeyasundari, Athithan A.S. Sakthi, A. Naveena","doi":"10.25303/2709rjce06068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25303/2709rjce06068","url":null,"abstract":"In this present study, the synthesis of Ag-CuO and Ag-ZnO nanocomposites has been conducted. The individual Ag-CuO and Ag-ZnO nanocomposites were synthesized by using chemical precipitation method. The resulting particles were characterized by using UV-Visible, FTIR, XRD and SEM. The optical properties and band gap measurements were explored by UV-Visible spectroscopy. FTIR spectrum of the prepared nanocomposite revealed the presence of vibrational modes which were related to the Cu-O, Zn-O. The XRD analysis confirmed the structural purity of synthesized nanocomposites and the estimated crystallite size is 31.93 nm and 26.62 nm for Ag-CuO and Ag-ZnO nanocomposites respectively. The morphological features were explored by SEM analysis with deposition of Ag nanoparticles on the surface of metal oxide nanoparticles. The antibacterial activities of synthesized nanocomposites were tested on bacteria strains such as Escherichia coli (Gram -ve) and Staphylococcus aureus (Gram +ve) respectively through well diffusion method. The synthesized nanocomposite shows the higher efficacy against E.coli with an average diameter size of 17 mm zone of inhibition. This result suggests that Ag-CuO and Ag-ZnO nanocomposites can be used effectively against microbial growth. Therefore, the synthesized nanocomposite may be promising for the antibacterial agent in pharmaceutical applications.","PeriodicalId":21012,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135164834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-15DOI: 10.25303/2709rjce1340144
Amit Kumar Khandelwal, Poonam Hariyani, Barkha Shrivastava
Reliable and precise methods are to be applied ranging from biological field to diagnosis and quality control to identify target analytes in samples. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is a strongly recommended process that is suitable for collecting data multidimensionally at molecular and atomic levels. Information obtained from the NMR technique provides molecular structures, molecular interactions, dynamic and diffusional properties of molecules. Overlapping of NMR signals of each component makes it difficult to interpret data and low sensitivity makes it unfitting for many samples with a low concentration of analytes. These limitations can be rectified by adding heteronuclear specially designed sensors, inventive transduction mechanism and strong pulse sequences. 19F NMR tool is extensively accepted method to detect the interactions among a variety of biological substrates with 19F-isotopic species. This review includes the detection of biomolecules, mainly enzymes and enzymatic reactions based on sensor applicability.
{"title":"A novel approach of 19F NMR based sensor","authors":"Amit Kumar Khandelwal, Poonam Hariyani, Barkha Shrivastava","doi":"10.25303/2709rjce1340144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25303/2709rjce1340144","url":null,"abstract":"Reliable and precise methods are to be applied ranging from biological field to diagnosis and quality control to identify target analytes in samples. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is a strongly recommended process that is suitable for collecting data multidimensionally at molecular and atomic levels. Information obtained from the NMR technique provides molecular structures, molecular interactions, dynamic and diffusional properties of molecules. Overlapping of NMR signals of each component makes it difficult to interpret data and low sensitivity makes it unfitting for many samples with a low concentration of analytes. These limitations can be rectified by adding heteronuclear specially designed sensors, inventive transduction mechanism and strong pulse sequences. 19F NMR tool is extensively accepted method to detect the interactions among a variety of biological substrates with 19F-isotopic species. This review includes the detection of biomolecules, mainly enzymes and enzymatic reactions based on sensor applicability.","PeriodicalId":21012,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135164843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sodium silicate has excellent binding qualities and has potential uses in a variety of areas due to its non-toxic, odor-free and fire proof properties. It is very cheap and volatile organic compound free from other available harmful organic adhesive materials. In spite of a lot of positive points, low water resistance has limited its usage as an adhesive in the wood industry on a wide scale. To enhance the bonding properties of sodium silicate for teak wood, three sets of sodium silicate adhesive (simple sodium silicate, modified sodium silicate with silica gel G and guar gum with modified sodium silicate) were prepared. The results showed that modified sodium silicate with 6% guar gum works best for tensile strength as well as best for water resistance. Results of FT-IR data and SEM showed that guar gum was successfully introduced in silicate structure, having good thermal stability in the range of 270C-8000C supported by TGA results.
{"title":"Effect of Guar Gum on Tensile Strength and Moisture Resistance Properties of Sodium Silicate as Wood Adhesive","authors":"Manju Choudhary, Bhupendra Pal, Meenakshi .","doi":"10.25303/2709rjce083091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25303/2709rjce083091","url":null,"abstract":"Sodium silicate has excellent binding qualities and has potential uses in a variety of areas due to its non-toxic, odor-free and fire proof properties. It is very cheap and volatile organic compound free from other available harmful organic adhesive materials. In spite of a lot of positive points, low water resistance has limited its usage as an adhesive in the wood industry on a wide scale. To enhance the bonding properties of sodium silicate for teak wood, three sets of sodium silicate adhesive (simple sodium silicate, modified sodium silicate with silica gel G and guar gum with modified sodium silicate) were prepared. The results showed that modified sodium silicate with 6% guar gum works best for tensile strength as well as best for water resistance. Results of FT-IR data and SEM showed that guar gum was successfully introduced in silicate structure, having good thermal stability in the range of 270C-8000C supported by TGA results.","PeriodicalId":21012,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135164846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Himalay Bhakhar, Rita N. Kumar, Shwetal Shah, Nirmal J.I. Kumar
Organic contaminants linked to atmospheric particulate matter have been a major source of worry across the world since the last decade. The ambient air samples were collected from three sites in Ahmedabad city for spatial and temporal variation using a High-Volume Air Sampler (HVAS) to examine the morphology and elemental composition of fine and ultrafine particles by using a Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and an energy dispersive X-ray system (EDAX) from PM2.5. The Si, C, O, Cl, Na, Al, K, Ca and Mg were found to be quite abundant in the EDAX spectra. Transition elements such as Ti, Zn, Cu, S and Fe were registered, indicating the influence of industry in liberating the abundance of fine and ultrafine particles. In addition, the organic chemical compounds were screened by using GC–MS. A total of 230 organic chemicals were detected, including 187 aliphatic and 43 aromatic chemical compounds at three different locations. Results show that aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbon compounds were found maximum in the urban area followed by industrial and rural areas.
自过去十年以来，与大气颗粒物有关的有机污染物一直是全球担忧的主要来源。采用高容量空气采样器(High-Volume air Sampler, HVAS)采集了艾哈迈达巴德市3个站点的环境空气样本，分析了PM2.5的时空变化特征，并利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和能量色散x射线系统(EDAX)研究了PM2.5细颗粒和超细颗粒的形态和元素组成。在EDAX光谱中发现了相当丰富的Si、C、O、Cl、Na、Al、K、Ca和Mg。过渡元素如Ti、Zn、Cu、S、Fe等被记录下来，表明工业对释放细颗粒和超细颗粒丰度的影响。此外，采用气相色谱-质谱法对有机化合物进行了筛选。在三个不同的地点共检测到230种有机化学品，其中包括187种脂肪族化合物和43种芳香化合物。结果表明，城市地区以脂肪族和芳烃化合物含量最多，其次是工业地区和农村地区。
{"title":"Spatial and Temporal variations of Organic Chemical compounds in Ambient Air from Ahmedabad City, Gujarat, India","authors":"Himalay Bhakhar, Rita N. Kumar, Shwetal Shah, Nirmal J.I. Kumar","doi":"10.25303/2709rjce028038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25303/2709rjce028038","url":null,"abstract":"Organic contaminants linked to atmospheric particulate matter have been a major source of worry across the world since the last decade. The ambient air samples were collected from three sites in Ahmedabad city for spatial and temporal variation using a High-Volume Air Sampler (HVAS) to examine the morphology and elemental composition of fine and ultrafine particles by using a Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and an energy dispersive X-ray system (EDAX) from PM2.5. The Si, C, O, Cl, Na, Al, K, Ca and Mg were found to be quite abundant in the EDAX spectra. Transition elements such as Ti, Zn, Cu, S and Fe were registered, indicating the influence of industry in liberating the abundance of fine and ultrafine particles. In addition, the organic chemical compounds were screened by using GC–MS. A total of 230 organic chemicals were detected, including 187 aliphatic and 43 aromatic chemical compounds at three different locations. Results show that aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbon compounds were found maximum in the urban area followed by industrial and rural areas.","PeriodicalId":21012,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135164838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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