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Sabbath as creation care 安息日作为创造关怀
IF 0.1 0 RELIGION Pub Date : 2022-11-01 DOI: 10.1177/00346373231162870
Sandy Rogers
The priestly account of creation in Gen 1:1-2:3 provides the basis for the weekly Sabbath, centering the command to rest in God’s creative activity. The Ten Commandments not only require that servants be allowed to rest but also extend this requirement to those animals that are dependent on and work for humans (Exod 20:8-11; Deut 5:12-15), connecting the Sabbath to both social justice and creation care. The Sabbath principle is connected to care for the poor in laws that extend the pattern of rest from days to years. After 6 years of work, slaves are released (Exod 21:1-6; Deut 15:12-18), debts are forgiven in a universal seventh year (Deut 15:1-11), and fields are left fallow for the poor of the land and the beasts of the field every seventh year (Exod 23:10-11). The Holiness Code (Lev 17-26) uses the Sabbath principle as an organizing factor in Israel’s life and calendar. For the Holiness Code, the Sabbath year is a Sabbath of the land. The Sabbath Year is a call to creation care for the earth itself, and, should humans fail in their duty, God asserts that the land will be allowed its Sabbaths without humans.
在创世记1:1-2:3中,祭司对创造的描述为每周的安息日提供了基础,以上帝创造活动的命令为中心。十诫不仅要求允许仆人休息,而且还将这一要求扩展到那些依赖人类并为人类工作的动物(出埃及记20:8-11;申命记5:12-15),将安息日与社会正义和创造关怀联系起来。安息日的原则与法律中对穷人的关怀有关,这些法律将休息的模式从几天延长到几年。6年后,奴隶被释放(出埃及记21:1-6;申命记15:12-18),债务在普遍的第七年被免除(申命记15:1-11),田地每七年休耕一次,留给土地上的穷人和田野里的走兽(出23:10-11)。圣洁法典(利未记17-26)使用安息日原则作为以色列人生活和日历的组织因素。对于神圣法典,安息日年是土地的安息日。安息日是对创造界的一个呼吁,要照顾地球本身,如果人类没有尽到自己的责任,上帝断言,土地将被允许在没有人类的情况下享受安息日。
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引用次数: 0
Friedrich Nietzsche contra C. S. Lewis: A Nietzschean critique of Christianity and retributive punishment 弗里德里希·尼采与c.s.刘易斯:尼采式的对基督教和报复性惩罚的批判
IF 0.1 0 RELIGION Pub Date : 2022-11-01 DOI: 10.1177/00346373231176265
P. Jolley
In this article, I read the work of philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche (1844–1900) as a way to respond to anti-rehabilitative, pro-retributive arguments, such as ones found in C. S. Lewis’s “The Humanitarian Theory of Punishment” (1949/1987). Lewis’s article is founded upon many liberal values that figure prominently in modern discussions of moral philosophy, Christian ethics, and theology. First, I outline Lewis’s critique of the rehabilitative “Humanitarian Theory of Punishment.” Second, I trace Lewis’s Christian presuppositions to show how Lewis represents a distinctively Christian retributivism. Third, I explain how Nietzsche’s critique of punishment and of Christianity work together to resist the Christian retributivism found in Lewis’s work and in the US society. The goal of this article is to raise questions about the moral foundations of both punishment and Christianity to foster an open dialogue between philosophy and theology in what should be a joint effort to end the US culture of incarceration.
在这篇文章中,我阅读了哲学家弗里德里希·尼采(1844-1900)的作品,以此回应反康复、支持报复的论点,比如C.S.Lewis的《人道主义惩罚理论》(1949/1987)中的论点。刘易斯的文章建立在许多自由主义价值观的基础上,这些价值观在现代道德哲学、基督教伦理和神学的讨论中占有突出地位。首先,我概述了刘易斯对康复的“人道主义惩罚理论”的批判。其次,我追溯了刘易斯的基督教预设,以展示刘易斯如何代表一种独特的基督教报复主义。第三,我解释了尼采对惩罚的批判和对基督教的批判是如何共同抵制刘易斯作品和美国社会中的基督教报复主义的。本文的目的是提出关于惩罚和基督教的道德基础的问题,以促进哲学和神学之间的公开对话,从而共同努力结束美国的监禁文化。
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引用次数: 0
David Hendin, Guide to Biblical Coins 大卫·亨丁,《圣经硬币指南》
IF 0.1 0 RELIGION Pub Date : 2022-11-01 DOI: 10.1177/00346373231171782
David M. May
The much-anticipated sixth edition of Guide to Biblical Coins is now published. It has been 45 years since David Hendin, a leading authority on ancient Judean and Roman coins, first undertook to provide a guide for coins associated with the biblical world, and it has been a decade since the appearance of the fifth edition (2010). Each edition over the years has provided incremental improvement over the previous editions, and this latest edition is no exception. Both in the text and bibliography, this edition illustrates updated research in history, archeology, and numismatic studies. It also includes the addition of new coin images and photographs while excising others. At the heart of the Guide to Biblical Coins is the presentation of over 2000 coin illustrations and photographs (chaps. 3–8). Each coin is listed with details based on the issuing authority, metal (gold, silver, bronze), denomination, and the image description and inscription located on the obverse and reverse. The coins are organized chronologically beginning with the Persian period to the Roman period under Emperor Hadrian. Special chapters are dedicated to coinage related to the Jewish War (chap. 9) and the Bar Kokhba revolt (chap. 10). Additional chapters highlight Judean connections to the Roman republic and Roman imperial coinage (chap. 11), New Testament coins (chap. 12), and miscellaneous connected biblical coins (chap. 13). The foundation for these chapters is laid in chapter 1. It provides background information on various aspects of ancient coins, such as terms, production, distribution, fakes, dating, worth, and conservation. As is evident by the various chapters in Hendin’s work, he has a broad definition for what constitutes “biblical” coins. This broad definition is a plus for setting the numismatic context of the biblical world. The referencing system for the coin entries in the sixth edition is different from that in the fifth edition (and any previous editions). To assist readers who are familiar with previous editions, the author has conveniently provided in the “Concordance” a key for coordinating the current referencing system with previous ones (pp. 535–56). In addition to reference entries on biblical coins, brief overviews on rulers, dynasties, historical periods, and select symbols found on coins are also interlaced throughout the book. Often these probes into specific symbols provide for fruitful reflection upon the meaning being conveyed to a larger original audience. Of special interest for biblical studies are the symbols on the Hasmonean dynastic coinage (pp. 147–57) and the Herodian coinage (pp. 185–89). The revisions in this edition are many; some are small, and some are large, but all provide an improved guidebook for the reader. These revisions are just a few examples. First, the monetary values associated with each coin have been eliminated in favor of describing each coin in relationship to its rarity (p. xix). Beside the difficulty of fixing a
备受期待的《圣经硬币指南》第六版现已出版。古犹太和罗马硬币的主要权威大卫·亨丁首次承诺为与圣经世界有关的硬币提供指南已经45年了,第五版(2010年)问世已经十年了。多年来的每一个版本都比以前的版本有所改进,最新的版本也不例外。无论是在文本还是参考书目中,本版本都阐述了历史、考古学和钱币学研究的最新研究。它还包括添加新的硬币图像和照片,同时删除其他图像和照片。《圣经硬币指南》的核心是展示了2000多幅硬币插图和照片(第3-8章)。每枚硬币都根据发行机构、金属(金、银、青铜)、面额以及正面和背面的图像描述和铭文列出了详细信息。这些硬币按时间顺序排列,从波斯时期到哈德良皇帝统治下的罗马时期。专门章节介绍了与犹太战争(第9章)和巴尔·科赫巴起义(第10章)有关的铸币。其他章节强调了犹太与罗马共和国和罗马帝国铸币的联系(第11章)、《新约》硬币(第12章)和其他相关的圣经硬币(第13章)。第一章为这些章节奠定了基础。它提供了有关古代硬币各个方面的背景信息,如条款、生产、分销、赝品、年代、价值和保护。正如Hendin作品中的各个章节所表明的那样,他对“圣经”硬币的构成有着广泛的定义。这个宽泛的定义对于设定圣经世界的钱币背景来说是一个加分项。第六版硬币条目的参考系统与第五版(以及任何以前的版本)不同。为了帮助熟悉先前版本的读者,作者在“和谐”中方便地提供了一个将当前参考系统与先前参考系统相协调的关键(第535-56页)。除了圣经硬币上的参考条目外,对统治者、王朝、历史时期的简要概述以及硬币上的精选符号也贯穿全书。这些对特定符号的探索通常会对传达给更多原始受众的意义进行富有成效的反思。对圣经研究特别感兴趣的是哈斯莫内王朝铸币(147-57页)和希律王朝铸币(185-89页)上的符号。本版修订内容较多;有些是小的,有些是大的,但都为读者提供了一本改进的指南。这些修订只是几个例子。首先,消除了与每枚硬币相关的货币价值,有利于描述每枚硬币与其稀有性的关系(第xix页)。除了难以确定古硬币的美元价值外,这一修订还将硬币从货币价值的收藏对象转变为具有历史价值的文物。其次,文本和扩展的参考书目(第502-33页)都反映了最新的研究和新的理论。例如,在以前的版本中,在BarKokhba起义货币(公元前132-136年)上发现的Eleazar这个名字的身份被理论化为参考1171782 RAE00010.1177/00346373231171782 Review&ExpositorBook review2023
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引用次数: 0
Scot McKnight and Joseph B. Modica, Preaching Romans: Four Perspectives 斯科特·麦克奈特和约瑟夫·b·莫迪卡,《传讲罗马人:四个观点》
IF 0.1 0 RELIGION Pub Date : 2022-11-01 DOI: 10.1177/00346373231171782d
D. Rigsby
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引用次数: 0
Lessons learned from a pandemic vegetable patch 从大流行菜地吸取的教训
IF 0.1 0 RELIGION Pub Date : 2022-11-01 DOI: 10.1177/00346373231159924
Melissa A. Jackson
Late in the pre-pandemic winter of 2019, a small group began meeting around the idea of establishing a small seminary supported by a small produce farm. The onset of the pandemic meant the end of in-person work to advance the seminary. The group turned itself to COVID-safe farming work instead. Ps 103 and Rom 8:18-25 aid in reflecting on lessons about farming, faith, and community learned from the midst of a vegetable patch during a global pandemic.
在2019年大流行前的冬季后期,一个小组开始围绕建立一个由小型农产品农场支持的小型神学院的想法举行会议。大流行的爆发意味着推进神学院的亲自工作的结束。该组织转而从事新冠病毒安全的农业工作。诗篇103和罗马书8:18-25有助于反思在全球大流行期间从一块菜地中学到的关于农业、信仰和社区的教训。
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引用次数: 0
The subversive power of calling: The Girls’ Auxiliary and Baptist women in ministry 呼召的颠覆力量:女童辅助会与浸信会妇女的事工
IF 0.1 0 RELIGION Pub Date : 2022-11-01 DOI: 10.1177/00346373231169968
Lydia Huffman Hoyle
In the second half of the twentieth century, a group called the Girls’ Auxiliary (GA) became influential in the lives of many Southern Baptist girls and women. Through weekly meetings, annual camps, fund-raising, and individual mission activities, girls learned about how they could make a difference in the world through missions. In Baptist life, mission was the central work of the church. Alongside the Women’s Missionary Union (WMU), which sponsored and led the girls, the GAs brought attention to the mission cause and helped in collecting funds to support it. In annual “coronations,” girls were honored and crowned as mission queens in the Baptist kingdom. They often even spoke in these church-wide gatherings. This article explores the impact of the GA program on women who ultimately became Baptist ministers. Based on a survey of over 200 contemporary women ministers, the program did clearly impact a significant number of women who reported that the GA program gave them a greater sense of purpose, helped them to understand their vocational calling, and helped them see themselves as church leaders. Ultimately, the GA program became less influential and has now disappeared in many congregations.
在二十世纪下半叶,一个名为“女孩辅助会”(GA)的团体对许多美南浸信会女孩和妇女的生活产生了影响。透过每周的聚会、年度营会、募款及个别的宣教活动,女孩们了解到她们如何透过宣教来改变世界。在浸信会的生活中,传教是教会的中心工作。与赞助和领导这些女孩的妇女传教联盟(WMU)一起,ga引起了人们对传教事业的关注,并帮助筹集资金支持这项事业。在一年一度的“加冕礼”中,女孩们被授予浸信会王国传教女王的称号。他们甚至经常在这些全教会的聚会上讲话。这篇文章探讨了GA计划对最终成为浸信会牧师的女性的影响。根据对200多名当代女性牧师的调查,该计划确实明显影响了相当多的女性,她们报告说,GA计划给了她们更大的使命感,帮助她们理解自己的职业召唤,并帮助她们将自己视为教会领袖。最终,总会计划变得不那么有影响力,现在已经在许多会众中消失了。
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引用次数: 0
The emperor’s new loaves: Scarcity and abundance in John 6:1–15 and 21:1–14 皇帝的新饼:约翰福音6:1-15和21:1-14中的短缺和富足
IF 0.1 0 RELIGION Pub Date : 2022-11-01 DOI: 10.1177/00346373231164333
Arthur M. Wright
John 6 and 21 demonstrate moments of both scarcity and abundance. Jesus provides a sign in John 6:1–15, miraculously feeding thousands of followers with five loaves and two fish. In John 21:1–14, Jesus’s simple command to his disciples results in a remarkable catch of fish. Both of these Johannine stories take place along the Sea of Galilee “of Tiberias.” These uniquely Johannine notes about the location foreground the Roman imperial context and political implications in these passages. In spite of rampant food insecurity and scarcity in the empire, Roman ideology insisted that the emperor’s reign brought blessings and abundance to all. In these two scenes on the lake, the Fourth Gospel contests Roman imperial claims of a golden age of prosperity and abundance while setting forth alternative claims about true abundance and life made available through Jesus and his Father.
约翰福音6章和21章展示了匮乏和富足的时刻。耶稣在约翰福音6:1-15中提供了一个神迹,奇迹般地用五个饼和两条鱼喂了成千上万的追随者。在约翰福音21章1到14节中,耶稣对他的门徒们简单的命令导致了一次非凡的捕鱼。这两个约翰的故事都发生在加利利的“提比哩亚”海边。这些独特的约翰约翰注释,在这些段落中突出了罗马帝国的背景和政治含义。尽管罗马帝国存在严重的粮食短缺问题,但罗马的意识形态坚持认为,皇帝的统治给所有人带来了祝福和富足。在湖上的这两个场景中,第四部福音书对罗马帝国宣称的繁荣富足的黄金时代提出了质疑,同时提出了另一种说法,即通过耶稣和他的父亲可以获得真正的富足和生命。
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引用次数: 1
A call for a reinvigorated protestant theology of nature 呼吁复兴新教的自然神学
IF 0.1 0 RELIGION Pub Date : 2022-11-01 DOI: 10.1177/00346373231164573
Mark E. Biddle
One can easily argue that Protestant attitudes toward a doctrine of the created order have permitted, if not exacerbated or even promoted, the environmental abuses that have produced the current climate that threatens human existence. An essential starting point for believers, individually and as members of the body of Christ, will be the recovery or construction of a sound theology of creation rooted in biblical tradition. This essay examines the deficit in Protestant thought in this critical realm by first tracing the history of Protestant attitudes toward creation as expressed specifically in a distrust of so-called “natural law”/revelation/theology (how we got here) and then by examining contemporary Protestant thinking (where we are), before outlining a modest proposal for correcting the deficit (where we can go).
人们可以很容易地争辩说,新教对创造秩序教义的态度,即使没有加剧甚至促进,也允许了环境滥用,这些滥用造成了当前威胁人类生存的气候。对于信徒来说,无论是作为个人还是作为基督身体的一员,一个重要的出发点将是恢复或构建一个根植于圣经传统的健全的创造神学。本文考察了新教思想在这一批判领域的缺陷,首先追溯了新教徒对创造的态度的历史,具体表现为对所谓“自然法则”/启示/神学的不信任(我们是如何到达这里的),然后考察了当代新教思想(我们在哪里),然后概述了纠正缺陷的适度建议(我们可以去哪里)。
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引用次数: 0
An Olive Agenda as an accompaniment model of mission 橄榄议程作为伴随使命的模式
IF 0.1 0 RELIGION Pub Date : 2022-11-01 DOI: 10.1177/00346373231162571
J. Barnes, B. Konkol
The engagement of Christians in working to help alleviate suffering in the world is a biblical mandate. During the era of industrialization and colonial expansion, the idea of social and economic progress dominated the Western mind so that indigenous cultures and ways of life were judged through a lens of evolution, development, and so-called economic growth. This view was further entrenched after World War II and, for decades now, international development has been part of the church’s involvement in mission. Despite these efforts, the gap between the “haves” and “have nots” in our world continues to grow. Additionally, the divide created between “receiver/objects” and “giver/subjects” mitigates the chance of meaningful sharing to take place. In response to this history, Christians in the so-called Western world need to search for models of mission engagement not based on the presuppositions that undergirded previous efforts. An accompaniment model of mission, grounded in a theoretical foundation such as South African scholar and activist Steve de Gruchy’s Olive Agenda, can serve as a needed corrective to common Western notions of community development.
基督徒参与工作以帮助减轻世界上的痛苦是圣经的命令。在工业化和殖民扩张的时代,社会和经济进步的观念主导了西方的思想,因此,通过进化、发展和所谓的经济增长的镜头来判断土著文化和生活方式。这种观点在第二次世界大战后更加根深蒂固,几十年来,国际发展一直是教会参与宣教的一部分。尽管做出了这些努力,世界上“富人”和“穷人”之间的差距仍在继续扩大。此外,“接受者/对象”和“给予者/对象”之间的鸿沟减少了有意义的分享发生的机会。作为对这段历史的回应,所谓西方世界的基督徒需要寻找使命参与的模式,而不是基于先前努力的前提。以南非学者和活动家史蒂夫·德·格鲁奇(Steve de Gruchy)的“橄榄议程”(Olive Agenda)等理论为基础的使命陪伴模式,可以作为对西方社区发展的普遍观念的必要纠正。
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引用次数: 0
Editorial intro: (Re-)embracing creation, incarceration, and words on variety of subjects 编辑简介:(重新)拥抱创作、监禁和各种主题的文字
IF 0.1 0 RELIGION Pub Date : 2022-11-01 DOI: 10.1177/00346373231179270
Melissa A. Jackson, Mark E. Biddle, James R. McConnell
This issue of Review & Expositor opens with “First Words” and closes with “Words about books,” as is usual for the journal. It does, however, deviate from our usual format of focusing the central section on a single topic, with “thematic words” and “expository words.” The central section of this double-length issue is actually a three-in-one with two topically focused sections, “Words about (Re-)Embracing Creation” and “Words about Incarceration,” followed by a third section of “Words on a Variety of Topics.” The team of three that edited this volume are pleased to present this collection of articles, eclectic in its scope, but unified in its thoughtful scholarship.
本期《评论与说明文》以“第一句话”开头,以“关于书籍的话”结尾,这是该杂志的惯例。然而,它确实偏离了我们通常将中心部分集中在一个主题上的形式,即“主题词”和“解释性词”。这个双倍长度的问题的中心部分实际上是一个三合一的问题,有两个主题集中的部分,“关于(重新)拥抱创造的话语”和“关于监禁的话语”,然后是“关于各种主题的话语”的第三部分。编辑本卷的三人团队很高兴展示这本文章集,其范围不拘一格,但在深思熟虑的学术上是统一的。
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引用次数: 0
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