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Regulatory Mechanisms in Biosystems最新文献

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The state of the humoral and cellular links of immunity of recipient rabbits following allogeneic transfusion of erythrocyte mass 异体输注红细胞后受体兔体液免疫和细胞免疫的状况
IF 0.3 Q4 BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.15421/10.15421/022369
M. Malyuk, O. Yehorov, I. O. Kharkevych, T. L. Savchuk, V. V. Klymchuk
The study of activation of the humoral link of immunity of recipient rabbits following allogeneic transfusion of erythrocyte mass is important for a fundamental understanding of the formation of immunity in model species of animals. We measured the contents of B-lymphocytes, immunoglobulins of M, G, A classes, circulating immune complexes in blood of the recipient rabbits and antibody-dependent cytotoxic activity of lymphocytes. Number of B-lymphocytes in the blood of the rabbits was determined according to Bianco. Immunoglobulin content in blood serum of the rabbits was measured based on the Mancini method. The spectrophotometry method was used to measure circulating immune complexes. The antibody-dependent cytotoxic activity of lymphocytes was identified by the colorimetric method. Modeling of erythrocyte mass transfusion was performed on five clinically healthy rabbits by intravenous injection of allogeneic erythrocyte mass in the dose of 5.5 mL/kg of body weight. The materials for the study were the blood samples, gathered on the 3rd, 7th, and 23rd days after transfusion. We found that the content of B-lymphocytes in blood of the recipient rabbits increased throughout the research: on the 3rd day the content of B lymphocytes, compared with the initial state (11.4%), increased by 1.94 times and was 22.2%; on the 7th day their content increased by 2.22 times and was 25.4%; and on the 23rd day of the experiment the content of lymphocytes increased by 2.46 times, compared with the initial state, equaling 28.6%. The content of IgM on the 3rd day after transfusion of erythrocyte mass increased by 54.9% and was 2.20 ± 0.70 g/L. On the 7th day it increased by 19.0%, equaling 1.69 ± 0.44 g/L, and on the 23rd day the content of immunoglobulins decreased by 54.2% compared with the initial state (1.42 ± 0.18 g/L, intact rabbits), accounting for 0.77 ± 0.25 g/L. The content of immunoglobulins of class G on the 3rd, 7th, and 23rd days of the experiment was nearly the same as in the initial state. The content of class A immunoglobulins decreased 4.16-fold on the 3rd day of the experiment, approaching the control values afterwards. After the transfusion of erythrocyte mass to the recipient rabbits, the content of circulating immune complexes was higher compared with the initial state throughout the research: on the 3rd day the CICs content increased by 2.13 times, measuring 6.40 conventional units, and on the 7th and 23rd days it approached the initial values of the control group. On the 3rd day after transfusion, the antibody-dependent cytotoxic activity of blood lymphocytes of erythrocyte mass of the rabbits increased compared with the initial state (15.9%), measuring 17.3%; on the 7th day it was 19.4%; and on the 23rd day it increased to 27.9%. The results revealed presence of characteristic immunological changes after allogeneic transfusion of erythrocyte mass to the recipient rabbits, which were a consequence of progressive increase in the activity of t
研究异体输注红细胞后受体兔体液免疫环节的激活情况对于从根本上了解模式动物免疫的形成非常重要。我们测定了受体兔血液中 B 淋巴细胞、M、G、A 三类免疫球蛋白、循环免疫复合物的含量以及淋巴细胞的抗体依赖性细胞毒性活性。兔子血液中 B 淋巴细胞的数量是根据 Bianco 的方法测定的。兔子血清中的免疫球蛋白含量是根据曼西尼法测定的。分光光度法用于测量循环免疫复合物。用比色法确定了淋巴细胞的抗体依赖性细胞毒性活性。对 5 只临床健康家兔进行了红细胞质量输注模型试验,方法是静脉注射同种异体红细胞质量,剂量为 5.5 mL/kg(体重)。研究材料为输血后第 3 天、第 7 天和第 23 天采集的血液样本。我们发现,在整个研究过程中,受试兔子血液中的 B 淋巴细胞含量都在增加:第 3 天,B 淋巴细胞含量比初始状态(11.4%)增加了 1.94 倍,为 22.2%;第 7 天,B 淋巴细胞含量增加了 2.22 倍,为 25.4%;实验第 23 天,淋巴细胞含量比初始状态增加了 2.46 倍,相当于 28.6%。输注红细胞后第 3 天,IgM 含量增加了 54.9%,为 2.20 ± 0.70 克/升。第 7 天,免疫球蛋白含量增加了 19.0%,为 1.69 ± 0.44 克/升,第 23 天,免疫球蛋白含量比初始状态(1.42 ± 0.18 克/升,完整兔子)减少了 54.2%,为 0.77 ± 0.25 克/升。在实验的第 3 天、第 7 天和第 23 天,G 类免疫球蛋白的含量几乎与初始状态相同。A类免疫球蛋白的含量在实验第3天下降了4.16倍,之后接近对照组的数值。给受体兔输注红细胞后,在整个研究过程中,循环免疫复合物的含量都比初始状态高:第 3 天,CICs 含量增加了 2.13 倍,达到 6.40 个常规单位,第 7 天和第 23 天,CICs 含量接近对照组的初始值。输血后第 3 天,兔子红细胞质量的血液淋巴细胞的抗体依赖性细胞毒性活性比初始状态(15.9%)增加,达到 17.3%;第 7 天为 19.4%;第 23 天增加到 27.9%。结果表明,受体兔在接受异体输注红细胞后出现了特征性免疫变化,这是体液免疫环节活性逐渐增强的结果。
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引用次数: 0
Usage of spicy aromatic plants of the flora of Armenia in the national cuisine 在民族美食中使用亚美尼亚植物区系中的辛辣芳香植物
IF 0.3 Q4 BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-08-28 DOI: 10.15421/10.15421/022367
M. Sargsyan
Since ancient times, Armenians have used wild plants in their diet in both fresh and processed forms. Their gastronomic traditions, knowledge about useful plants, and methods of their application have been passed from generation to generation. In this review we analyse the species composition of plants that are used as spices in the national cuisine, how many there are, and what prospects there are for their use. Field surveys were conducted to collect ethnobotanical data of the use of aromatic plants in all of regions in Armenia during the years 2016–2022. 58 informants (42 women and 16 men) were interviewed after obtaining their prior informed oral consent. The informants included farmers, housewives and cooks engaged in preparing the national cuisine. All the informants participated voluntarily and shared their life experience, knowledge received from grandmothers and their professional skills. For the first time, a list of spicy plants of the flora of Armenia which were used in the preparation of national dishes is presented. Some species are no longer used, because classic spices are already available for sale, but some species of plants are still used today as a seasoning in national dishes. In the flora of Armenia there are 142 species of spicy aromatic plants belonging to 115 genera and 46 families. Studies have shown that the largest number of spicy-aromatic plants grow in Central and Southern Armenia (Armeno-Iranian floral province). On the basis of this rich plant resource, it is possible to organize the cultivation of organic spicy plants and spices in order to use them in various branches of the food industry. The recollected knowledge of our ancestors in the area of cheesemaking, winemaking, beermaking, combining centuries of experience with today's new technologies and use of spice plants can be used to develop the country's economy.
自古以来,亚美尼亚人就在饮食中使用新鲜和加工过的野生植物。他们的美食传统、关于有用植物的知识以及应用方法代代相传。在这篇综述中,我们分析了在民族菜肴中用作香料的植物的物种组成、数量以及使用前景。在 2016-2022 年期间,我们在亚美尼亚所有地区进行了实地调查,以收集使用芳香植物的人种植物学数据。在事先征得知情者口头同意后,对 58 名知情者(42 名女性和 16 名男性)进行了访谈。受访者包括农民、家庭主妇和烹饪民族菜肴的厨师。所有受访者均自愿参与,并分享了他们的生活经验、从祖母那里获得的知识以及他们的专业技能。本报告首次列出了亚美尼亚植物区系中用于制作民族菜肴的辛辣植物清单。有些种类已经不再使用,因为经典的香料已经可以买到,但有些种类的植物今天仍被用作民族菜肴的调料。亚美尼亚植物区系中有 142 种辛辣芳香植物,隶属于 115 属 46 科。研究表明,亚美尼亚中部和南部(亚美尼亚-伊朗花卉省)生长着最多的辛辣芳香植物。在这一丰富植物资源的基础上,可以组织种植有机辣味植物和香料,以便将其用于食品工业的各个领域。我们的祖先在奶酪制作、葡萄酒酿造、啤酒酿造等领域积累的知识,结合几个世纪以来的经验和当今的新技术以及香料植物的使用,可以用来发展国家经济。
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引用次数: 0
Induced pluripotent stem cells for cardiovascular therapeutics: Progress and perspectives 用于心血管治疗的诱导多能干细胞:进展与展望
IF 0.3 Q4 BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-08-28 DOI: 10.15421/10.15421/022366
I. V. Kizub
The discovery of methods for reprogramming adult somatic cells into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) opens up prospects of developing personalized cell-based therapy options for a variety of human diseases as well as disease modeling and new drug discovery. Like embryonic stem cells, iPSCs can give rise to various cell types of the human body and are amenable to genetic correction. This allows usage of iPSCs in the development of modern therapies for many virtually incurable human diseases. The review summarizes progress in iPSC research in the context of application in the cardiovascular field including modeling cardiovascular disease, drug study, tissue engineering, and perspectives for personalized cardiovascular medicine.
将成人体细胞重编程为诱导多能干细胞(iPSCs)的方法的发现,为开发针对各种人类疾病的个性化细胞治疗方案以及疾病建模和新药研发开辟了前景。与胚胎干细胞一样,iPSCs 也能产生人体的各种细胞类型,并可进行基因矫正。这使得 iPSCs 可用于开发现代疗法,治疗许多几乎无法治愈的人类疾病。这篇综述总结了 iPSC 研究在心血管领域的应用进展,包括心血管疾病建模、药物研究、组织工程以及个性化心血管医学的前景。
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引用次数: 0
The ability of Sitophilus oryzae (Coleoptera, Curculionidae) to transmit Mycobacterium bovis: Morphology, cultural biochemical properties of the bacteria Sitophilus oryzae (Coleoptera, Curculionidae) 传播牛分枝杆菌的能力:细菌的形态、文化生化特性
IF 0.3 Q4 BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-08-27 DOI: 10.15421/10.15421/022368
V. Zazharskyi, K. Alifonova, V. Brygadyrenko, N. M. Zazharska, V. P. Goncharenko, V. V. Solomon
The problem of tuberculosis has been relevant for many years due to active spread of the infection pathogen around the globe, in particular in Ukraine. In this article, we determined the epizootic role of the rice weevil (Sitophilus oryzae (Linnaeus, 1763); Coleoptera, Curculionidae) in the spread of Mycobacterium bovis. We identified the effect of the beetle on properties of the pathogen, particularly the changes in morphology, cultural, biochemical, and biological properties after the bacteria had travelled through the body of the rice weevil. To achieve our objectives, we used the museum 100th passage of the virulent strain of M. bovis. We employed microscopic, cultural, biochemical, biological (infecting the biological model), pathoanatomic, histological methods, and PCR studies. The rice weevil is able to retain mycobacteria and release them into their environment for 30 days after becoming infected, with gradual decrease in the number of microbial cells. According to morphology and cultural properties, the pathogen we isolated in the experiment was identical to the initial culture. Enzymatic activity of the bacteria varied. The bacteria that had passed through the intestines of M. bovis were observed to have changes in the biochemical parameters which helped them to adapt to the new environment. We measured the effect of the rice weevil on pathogenicity of M. bovis, isolated directly from the beetle and from grain contaminated with the insects during the experiment. The practical importance of the study consists in expansion of our understanding of the ways M. bovis spreads, identification of effect the rice weevil has on mycobacteria. It also might help in the search for ways to interrupt the chain of tuberculosis transmission – prevention of spread of the disease to favourable areas.
多年来,由于结核病病原体在全球(尤其是在乌克兰)的积极传播,结核病问题一直是一个相关问题。在这篇文章中,我们确定了稻象虫(Sitophilus oryzae (Linnaeus, 1763); Coleoptera, Curculionidae)在牛分枝杆菌传播中的致病作用。我们确定了甲虫对病原体特性的影响,特别是细菌穿过稻象甲虫身体后在形态、文化、生化和生物特性方面的变化。为了实现我们的目标,我们使用了博物馆中第 100 个通过的牛肝菌毒株。我们采用了显微镜、文化、生物化学、生物学(感染生物模型)、病理解剖学、组织学方法和 PCR 研究。稻象鼻虫在感染分枝杆菌后的 30 天内能够保留分枝杆菌并将其释放到环境中,微生物细胞数量逐渐减少。根据形态和培养特性,我们在实验中分离到的病原体与初始培养物相同。细菌的酶活性各不相同。我们观察到通过牛杆菌肠道的细菌的生化参数发生了变化,这有助于它们适应新环境。我们测量了稻象甲虫对牛曲霉致病性的影响,这些致病性是从甲虫身上直接分离出来的,也是从实验过程中被昆虫污染的谷物中分离出来的。这项研究的实际意义在于扩大了我们对牛曲霉传播途径的了解,确定了稻象甲对霉菌的影响。它还有助于寻找阻断结核病传播链的方法--防止疾病向有利地区传播。
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引用次数: 0
Screening the possible effect of a phytofabricated nanoselenium-composite from Eruca sativa extract in reducing infertility in males 筛选从杜仲提取物中提取的植物纳米硒复合材料对降低男性不育症的可能影响
IF 0.3 Q4 BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-08-24 DOI: 10.15421/10.15421/022364
Q. S. Basman, I. A. Huda, J. A. Shayma’a
The antifertility effects of ketoconazole can be avoided or diminished by administering nano-selenium-based-antioxidant plant extract simultaneously or sequentially. Using selenium as nanoparticles (SeNPs) is one of the essential methods for enhancing its therapeutic effects and lowering toxicities. This study aimed to analyze the changes made to the parameters of androgens, such as testosterone and gonadotropin hormones: luteinizing hormone and follicle stimulating hormones together with sperm indexes after administration of antioxidant phytofabricated nanoselenium to mitigate oxidative damage brought on by ketoconazole. In brief, 1% weight-per-volume of the extract was loaded into a solution of 10 mM sodium selenite in various ratios on a magnetic stirrer (50 °C, PH 9) in the dark for 12 hours, left for 48 hours and then sent for characterization, which was performed using ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis spectra), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and dynamic light scattering (DLS). Then after the selection of the solution containing the optimal fabricated selenium nanoparticles it was administered to three groups out of seven groups of albino rats with eight animals in each one as follows: Gr. A negative control (no treatment), Gr. B oral ketoconazole 50 mg/kg for fourteen days, Gr. BC, BD, BE1, BE2 and BE3; each one received oral ketoconazole 50 mg/kg for fourteen days followed by: 200 mg/kg Eruca sativa (Gr. BC), 0.5 mg/kg oral sodium selenite (Gr. BD), 0.5 mg/kg/cm2 skin area local nanoselenium (Gr. BE1), 0.25 mg/kg oral nanoselenium (Gr. BE2) and 0.5 mg/kg oral nano selenium (Gr. BE3) respectively for 28 days. After this period, the animals were anesthetized, and plasma testosterone, luteinizing, and follicle stimulating hormones were assessed using Elisa Kit; after that, they were euthanized, and the epididymis of the right testis was carefully removed for evaluation of sperm indices (count, viability, abnormality, and motility). The reduction of selenium ions into PF-SeNPs induced by Eruca sativa extracts at a ratio of (1:2) (Na2SeO3: Eruca sativa) solution was confirmed by the gradual conversion of colour from dark brown to light yellow and then to reddish-orange after the addition of acidic sodium selenite solution and reacting for 12 h. The final reddish-orange colour is the most significant property of nanoparticles. In UV-vis spectroscopy, a strong absorption peak appeared between 268–964 nm with maxima at 268 nm, confirming the formation of nanoselenium. The optimal phytofabricated nanoselenium particles were obtained with a spherical shape, highly stable, and the smallest in size (39.4 nm in diameter) as proved by DLS with Poly Dispersity Index of 0.242 and zeta potential value of –56.57 mV. In the current study, testicles were damaged by administering ketoconazole at a dose of 50 mg/kg/day orally for 14 days. This testicular damage was linked to significant reductions in testosterone levels, elevated levels
通过同时或连续使用纳米硒抗氧化植物提取物,可以避免或减轻酮康唑的抗生育作用。使用硒纳米颗粒(SeNPs)是增强其治疗效果和降低毒性的重要方法之一。本研究旨在分析服用抗氧化植物纳米硒以减轻酮康唑带来的氧化损伤后,雄激素(如睾酮和促性腺激素激素:促黄体生成素和促卵泡生成素)参数以及精子指数的变化。简而言之,在磁力搅拌器上(50 °C,PH 9),将每体积重量 1%的提取物按不同比例加入 10 mM 亚硒酸钠溶液中,在黑暗中放置 12 小时,再放置 48 小时,然后用紫外-可见光谱(UV-vis spectroscopy,UV-vis spectroscopy)、傅立叶变换红外光谱(Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,FTIR)和动态光散射(Dynamic light scattering,DLS)进行表征。选定含有最佳硒纳米粒子的溶液后,按以下方法给七组白化大鼠中的三组(每组八只)注射硒纳米粒子:组BC、BD、BE1、BE2 和 BE3;每组口服酮康唑 50 毫克/千克,连续 14 天,然后再口服 200 毫克/千克白花蛇舌草:200 毫克/千克白花蛇舌草(Gr. BC)、0.5 毫克/千克口服亚硒酸钠(Gr. BD)、0.5 毫克/千克/平方厘米皮肤面积局部纳米硒(Gr. BE1)、0.25 毫克/千克口服纳米硒(Gr. BE2)和 0.5 毫克/千克口服纳米硒(Gr. BE3),分别持续 28 天。实验结束后,对动物进行麻醉,使用Elisa试剂盒对血浆中的睾酮、促黄体生成素和促卵泡生成素进行评估;然后对动物实施安乐死,仔细取出右侧睾丸的附睾,对精子指数(数量、存活率、畸形率和活力)进行评估。在加入酸性亚硒酸钠溶液并反应 12 小时后,硒离子从深棕色逐渐变为浅黄色,然后变为橘红色,这证实了白花蛇舌草提取物以(1:2)(Na2SeO3:白花蛇舌草)溶液诱导硒离子还原成 PF-SeNPs。在紫外-可见光谱中,在 268-964 纳米之间出现了一个强烈的吸收峰,最大值在 268 纳米,证实了纳米硒的形成。经 DLS 验证,植物制备的最佳纳米硒粒子呈球形,稳定性高,尺寸最小(直径 39.4 nm),聚分散指数为 0.242,zeta 电位值为 -56.57 mV。在目前的研究中,酮康唑的剂量为 50 毫克/千克/天,口服 14 天,睾丸受到损伤。这种睾丸损伤导致睾酮水平显著降低,促甲状腺激素(LH)和促甲状腺激素(FSH)水平升高,精子数量、活力和存活率显著下降,进而影响精子发生。与此同时,在服用酮康唑后服用欧车前提取物、亚硒酸钠和纳米硒溶液(不同剂量和途径)可显著改善生化指标。这些改善包括睾酮水平的提高,对 LH 和 FSH 水平几乎没有影响,以及精子指数的改善。此外,0.25 毫克/千克和 0.50 毫克/千克的纳米硒口服组效果最好,两者之间只有微小差异。总之,以纳米硒为基础的植物提取物能显著改善睾丸组织的抗氧化效果。
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引用次数: 0
Impact of aqueous extract of Viscum album on different organisms 鸦胆子水提取物对不同生物的影响
IF 0.3 Q4 BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-08-23 DOI: 10.15421/10.15421/022363
Y. Bilonozhko, T. Shut, T. Krupodorova, N. Pirko, O. Holubchak, S. Pryvalikhin, O. Lykholat, Y. Pirko
The phytochemical and pharmacological potential of Viscum album extracts are widely used for the treatment of various diseases in many countries. The effect of aqueous extract from different mistletoe host trees (Abies alba, Acer saccharinum, Malus domestica, Pinus sylvestris) on model objects (Allium cepa and Drosophila milanogaster), bacteria (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus), and fungi (Aspergillus niger, Heterobasidion annosum, Inonotus obliquus) was evaluated. The influence of mistletoe extracts on A. cepa, D. melanogaster and basidiomycetes species H. annosum and I. obliquus was demonstrated for the first time. The study findings revealed that the impact of mistletoe aqueous extract exhibits considerable variation, influenced by multiple factors. These factors include the specific tree from which mistletoe is obtained, the concentration used, and the organism targeted. Mistletoe extracts caused the appearance of cells with pathologies in the meristematic tissues of A. cepa at different stages of the plant cell cycle. A clear cytostatic effect on A. cepa and D. melanogaster was shown, with the highest effect of mistletoe extract obtained from A. saccharinum. The main action of the solution on cells is probably manifested in the inhibition of cell division according to the results of the cytotoxicity assessment of aqueous extracts of mistletoe. Antibacterial activity of concentated mistletoe extract obtained from A. saccharinum was found only against S. aureus with zone of growth inhibition 11.0 ± 0.1 mm. In the assay on agar plates the tested extracts stimulated the mycelial growth of A. niger 1.85 times higher compared to the control, but inhibited the growth of H. annosum, I. obliquus at 65.5% and 62.2%, respectively. However, the biomass production of H. annosum was strongly dependent on the host mistletoe tree of the aqueous extract, and both the inhibition of mycelial synthesis of the wood-destroying fungus and its stimulating effect on mycelial accumulation were found. A negative effect (1.46 times decrease in biomass ) of H. annosum was found in the case of application of mistletoe extract obtained from A. saccharinum. The highest stimulation effect on fungus (1.53 times increase in biomass) was established by using mistletoe extract prepared from A. alba. In this study the main effects on living organisms used were indirectly caused by the host trees of mistletoe extracts. The overall negative impact was associated with the host tree Acer saccharinum.
在许多国家,槲寄生提取物的植物化学成分和药理潜力被广泛用于治疗各种疾病。本研究评估了不同槲寄生寄主树(白枞树、糖槭树、马栗树、欧洲赤松)的水提取物对模型对象(牛肝菌和果蝇)、细菌(大肠杆菌、肺炎克雷伯氏菌、金黄色葡萄球菌)和真菌(黑曲霉、年轮异菌、钝顶稻曲霉)的影响。研究首次证明了槲寄生提取物对牛肝菌、黑曲霉和基枝菌 H. annosum 和 I. obliquus 的影响。研究结果表明,槲寄生水提取物的影响受多种因素的影响,表现出相当大的差异。这些因素包括提取槲寄生水提取物的特定树种、使用的浓度和目标生物。在植物细胞周期的不同阶段,槲寄生提取物会导致牛肝菌的分生组织出现病变细胞。结果表明,槲寄生提取物对 A. cepa 和 D. melanogaster 有明显的细胞抑制作用,其中以 A. saccharinum 提取物的作用最大。根据槲寄生水提取物的细胞毒性评估结果,溶液对细胞的主要作用可能表现为抑制细胞分裂。从 A. saccharinum 中提取的浓缩槲寄生提取物只对金黄色葡萄球菌具有抗菌活性,生长抑制区为 11.0 ± 0.1 毫米。在琼脂平板上进行的试验中,与对照组相比,受试提取物对黑僵菌菌丝生长的刺激作用高出 1.85 倍,但对 H. annosum 和 I. obliquus 的生长抑制率分别为 65.5% 和 62.2%。不过,H. annosum 的生物量产生与水提取物的寄主槲寄生树有很大关系,既有抑制蛀木真菌菌丝合成的作用,也有刺激菌丝积累的作用。在施用从 A. saccharinum 中提取的槲寄生提取物的情况下,H. annosum 受到了负面影响(生物量减少了 1.46 倍)。使用白叶槲寄生提取物对真菌的刺激作用最大(生物量增加 1.53 倍)。在这项研究中,槲寄生提取物对生物的主要影响是由寄主植物间接造成的。总体的负面影响与寄主树 Acer saccharinum 有关。
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引用次数: 0
Gut microbiota and changes in cytokine profile in animals with experimental acute disseminated peritonitis on the background of diabetes 糖尿病背景下实验性急性播散性腹膜炎动物的肠道微生物群和细胞因子谱的变化
IF 0.3 Q4 BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-08-23 DOI: 10.15421/10.15421/022372
B. Verveha, B. Gutyj, M. I. Holubiev, M. M. Kondro, І. V. Dats
In the pathogenesis of acute widespread peritonitis and accompanying diabetes, a vital link is an endogenous intoxication caused by the translocation of microorganisms and their toxins from the intestine into the blood, metabolic changes, and immunological reactivity of the body. Our work aimed to investigate the microbial composition in the parietal intestinal biotope and the features of the blood cytokine profile in animals with acute disseminated peritonitis on the background of streptozotocin-induced diabetes. The study was conducted on 56 sexually mature non-linear white male rats. Diabetes mellitus was modeled by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (60 mg/kg). On the 14th day of the development of streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus, a 10% filtered fecal suspension (0.5 mL) was injected into the abdominal cavity of animals, and acute generalized peritonitis was initiated. Sowing on nutrient media was carried out for bacteriological research to isolate a pure culture of microorganisms and their identification. The concentration of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 was studied by solid-phase enzyme immunoassay. The research results demonstrate an imbalance of cytokines in the dynamics of experimental acute disseminated peritonitis against the background of diabetes and quantitative and qualitative changes in the microbiota of the parietal intestinal biotope. A decrease in the number of Escherichia coli strains isolated in monoculture and an increase in the number of two-component and three-component microbial associations were revealed, among which Enterobacter aerogenes, Escherichia coli, Bacteroides spp., Proteus mirabilis, Klebsiella spp. and Candida species prevailed.
在急性广泛性腹膜炎和伴发糖尿病的发病机制中,一个重要环节是微生物及其毒素从肠道转运到血液所引起的内源性中毒、代谢变化和机体的免疫反应性。我们的研究旨在调查链脲佐菌素诱导糖尿病背景下急性播散性腹膜炎动物肠道顶膜生物群的微生物组成和血液细胞因子谱特征。这项研究以 56 只性成熟的非线性白色雄性大鼠为对象。通过腹腔注射链脲佐菌素(60 毫克/千克)来模拟糖尿病。在链脲佐菌素诱导糖尿病发生的第 14 天,向动物腹腔注射 10%过滤粪便悬浮液(0.5 mL),并引发急性全身腹膜炎。在营养培养基上进行细菌学研究,分离纯培养微生物并进行鉴定。采用固相酶联免疫法研究了 TNF-α、IL-1β 和 IL-6 的浓度。研究结果表明,在糖尿病的背景下,实验性急性播散性腹膜炎的细胞因子动态失衡,肠旁生物群的微生物发生了定量和定性变化。研究发现,单培养分离的大肠埃希菌菌株数量减少,双组分和三组分微生物联合体数量增加,其中以产气肠杆菌、大肠埃希菌、乳杆菌属、奇异变形杆菌、克雷伯菌属和念珠菌属为主。
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引用次数: 0
Treatment of animals with fatty liver disease using a drug based on the seeds of Silybum marianum 使用一种基于水飞蓟种子的药物治疗动物脂肪肝
IF 0.3 Q4 BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-08-23 DOI: 10.15421/10.15421/022362
V. Vlizlo, O. Prystupa, L. Slivinska, B. Gutyj, I. Maksymovych, A. Shcherbatyy, M. Lychuk, U. Partyka, B. Chernushkin, V. Rusyn, M. Leno, K. Leskiv
Medicinal plants are a source of various therapeutic preparations. Therefore, the aim of our work was to prepare a liposomal drug from extract from the seeds of Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn., adding tocopherol acetate, lecithin, squalene, and Tween 80. The drug was used on the laboratory animals (rats) intramuscularly to measure the efficacy of treatment of experimentally modeled toxic fatty liver disease. The fatty infiltration of the liver in the rats was caused by tetrachloromethane (ССl4). The efficacy of the liposomal drug based on the extract from S. marianum seeds was studied on 25 animals in which the liver pathology had been caused by 50% oil solution of ССl4, administered in the dose of 5 mL per kg of body weight. The diseased rats were divided into five groups, each consisting five animals. Animals of the four experimental groups – first, second, third, and fourth - received the drug intramuscularly in the doses of 0.05, 0.25, 0.50, and 1.50 mL/kg of body weight three times every two days, respectively. At the same time, the control rats received three-time intramuscular injection of physiological solution in the dose of 0.5 mL/kg of body weight. Treatment of the animals with fatty liver disease by injections of the drug based on the extract from S. marianum seeds normalized the general condition, significantly improved the functions and structure of the liver. Biochemical studies of blood serum of the sick animals after the treatment revealed increase in albumin content, which may suggest reduction of the protein-synthesizing function of the liver. The normalization of the bile-forming and bile-excreting functions of the liver, and also elimination of cholestasis were evidenced by reduced contents of bile acids and total bilirubin and increased total cholesterol in the blood serum of the rats. After treating the animals with the created drug, we saw decrease in the activity of the liver-indicator enzymes (aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, gamma-glutamyltransferase, and glutamate dehydrogenase) in the blood serum, which is a sign of recovery of the structure of hepatocytes and elimination of cytolysis. Histological studies of the liver of the treated rats confirmed the positive effect of the liposomal drug on the organ’s structure. In the future studies, we plan to test this combination of agents in treatment of agricultural and domestic animals with liver pathologies.
药用植物是各种治疗制剂的来源。因此,我们的研究目的是从 Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn.的种子提取物中制备脂质体药物,并加入生育酚醋酸酯、卵磷脂、角鲨烯和吐温 80。该药物用于实验动物(大鼠)的肌肉注射,以测量治疗实验模型中毒性脂肪肝的疗效。大鼠肝脏的脂肪浸润是由四氯甲烷(ССl4)引起的。研究人员对 25 只动物进行了基于 S. marianum 种子提取物的脂质体药物疗效研究,这些动物的肝脏病变是由 50%的ССl4 油溶液引起的,给药剂量为每公斤体重 5 毫升。患病大鼠被分为五组,每组五只。第一、第二、第三和第四四个实验组的动物分别按每公斤体重 0.05、0.25、0.50 和 1.50 毫升的剂量肌肉注射药物,每两天三次。同时,对照组大鼠肌肉注射生理溶液,剂量为每公斤体重 0.5 毫升,共注射三次。通过注射基于马钱子提取物的药物治疗脂肪肝动物,动物的一般状况恢复正常,肝脏功能和结构明显改善。治疗后对患病动物血清进行的生化研究显示,白蛋白含量增加,这可能表明肝脏合成蛋白质的功能降低了。大鼠血清中胆汁酸和总胆红素含量降低,总胆固醇含量升高,这表明肝脏形成胆汁和分泌胆汁的功能恢复正常,胆汁淤积症也已消除。用这种药物治疗动物后,我们发现血清中肝脏指标酶(天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶、丙氨酸氨基转移酶、γ-谷氨酰转移酶和谷氨酸脱氢酶)的活性降低,这是肝细胞结构恢复和细胞溶解消除的标志。对治疗大鼠肝脏的组织学研究证实了脂质体药物对器官结构的积极影响。在今后的研究中,我们计划测试这种药剂组合在治疗患有肝脏病变的农业和家畜方面的效果。
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引用次数: 0
The content of microelements in fruits of the oriental persimmon (Diospyros kaki) and its dietary role in remedying micronutrient deficiency in the region 东方柿(Diospyros kaki)果实中的微量元素含量及其在改善该地区微量元素缺乏症方面的膳食作用
IF 0.3 Q4 BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-08-23 DOI: 10.15421/10.15421/022365
N. Bakhshaliyeva, K. Aliyeva, J. Mammadov, A. Hummatov
The relevance of the problem under study lies in the need to develop innovative approaches to the introduction of fruit crops into the diet to avoid the loss of nutrients and thus help prevent micronutrient deficiency in the human body. In this regard, the purpose of this article is to study the content of biologically active substances in the products of promising persimmon varieties and their effect on the normal functioning of the thyroid gland. The following results were obtained during the study: soil and climatic conditions affecting the nutritional value of the agricultural product were presented. It was established that Shaki-Zagatala economic region is an iodine deficiency endemic area and belongs to the zone of moderate iodine (I) deficiency. The quantity of macro- and microelements in fruits of 20 varieties of Oriental persimmon (Diospyros kaki) bred by folk selection growing in Shaki-Zagatala economic region was studied and compared by regions; the use of persimmon plants in the food industry as a way of increasing the amount of iodine in the human body was substantiated. It has been proved that in order to eliminate iodine deficiency, it is advantageous to eat more food enriched with iodine from fruits of the Oriental persimmon (D. kaki), which is rich in microelements. The role of awareness – raising activities among the population regarding health disorders associated with iodine deficiency was revealed. The practical value of the article materials consists in obtaining detailed information about biochemical composition of Oriental persimmon fruit (D. kaki) for the purpose of iodine deficiency prevention. The technologies of processing and storage of the product in fresh and processed form to preserve the useful properties of persimmon have been proposed in order to increase the profitability of production and increase the level of sales of products in the Shaki-Zagatala economic region of Azerbaijan.
所研究问题的现实意义在于,有必要开发创新方法,将水果作物引入膳食,以避免营养流失,从而有助于预防人体微量元素缺乏症。在这方面,本文的目的是研究有前途的柿子品种的产品中生物活性物质的含量及其对甲状腺正常功能的影响。研究结果如下:介绍了影响农产品营养价值的土壤和气候条件。研究发现,沙基-扎加塔拉经济区是碘缺乏流行区,属于中度碘(I)缺乏区。研究了生长在沙基-扎加塔拉经济区的民间选育的 20 个东方柿子(Diospyros kaki)品种果实中的宏量和微量元素的含量,并按地区进行了比较;证实了柿子植物在食品工业中的应用是增加人体内碘含量的一种方法。事实证明,为了消除碘缺乏症,多吃富含微量元素的东方柿子(D. kaki)果实制成的含碘食物是有益的。文章揭示了提高民众对碘缺乏相关健康疾病认识活动的作用。文章材料的实用价值在于获得有关东方柿果(D. kaki)生化成分的详细信息,以达到预防碘缺乏症的目的。为了提高阿塞拜疆 Shaki-Zagatala 经济区的生产利润和产品销售水平,提出了加工和储存新鲜柿子和加工柿子的技术,以保持柿子的有用特性。
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引用次数: 0
Structure of data in cell biology research 细胞生物学研究中的数据结构
IF 0.3 Q4 BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-08-20 DOI: 10.15421/10.15421/022370
V. Langraf, A. Svoradová, K. Petrovičová, V. Brygadyrenko
Bioinformatics is a scientific field on the border between informatics and biology where problems in the field of biology are solved using statistical methods. Another part of it are database systems which serve to store data necessary for meta-analysis. In recent years, there has been a boom mainly thanks to enabling technologies that make it possible to obtain big data about the functioning of living cells of organisms. Bioinformatics tools are necessary to process these data and form an integral part of research in modern biological and medical sciences. Scientific research focused on molecular biology, as well as medicine, is increasingly focusing on data storage. It is understood that the correct structure of the database is important for the correct interpretation of the results of their research activities. For communication between tables in the database, it is essential to set the data type, assign Primary key and Foreign key, ensure data integrity, remove data plurality and understand the research logic. Based on these needs, we created a relational database using SQL Server 2017 and Microsoft SQL Server Management Studio 2017 (SSMS). We created the source code for programming the database and filling it with data in Structured Query Language (SQL) and T-SQL on the Microsoft platform. Of the data types, we used float for numbers with a floating decimal line, integer values were assigned an integer (int), date had a date data type, and text strings had a defined nvarchar data type. Our results bring new information in the field of bioinformatics about the creation of a database structure for data storage in cell biology research. These new insights will help big data in meta-analyses of data and applying scientific results to medical and scientific practice. The database will store data obtained in real time, which will ensure relevance in pointing out biological trends, regularities, relationships and links between cellular structures. All these aspects are very important for the spatial modeling of data and the creation of models of interactions of cell structures with use for applications in medical and biological practice.
生物信息学是介于信息学和生物学之间的一个科学领域,在这一领域中,生物学领域的问题通过统计方法得以解决。它的另一部分是数据库系统,用于存储元分析所需的数据。近年来,生物信息学的蓬勃发展主要归功于使获取生物活细胞功能大数据成为可能的使能技术。生物信息学工具是处理这些数据的必要手段,也是现代生物和医学研究不可或缺的一部分。以分子生物学和医学为重点的科学研究越来越重视数据存储。据了解,数据库的正确结构对于正确解释其研究活动的结果非常重要。为了实现数据库表之间的通信,必须设置数据类型、分配主键和外键、确保数据完整性、消除数据多重性并了解研究逻辑。根据这些需求,我们使用 SQL Server 2017 和 Microsoft SQL Server Management Studio 2017(SSMS)创建了一个关系数据库。我们在微软平台上使用结构化查询语言(SQL)和 T-SQL 创建了源代码,用于对数据库进行编程并填充数据。在数据类型中,我们对带有浮动小数行的数字使用了 float,对整数值分配了整数(int),对日期使用了日期数据类型,对文本字符串使用了定义好的 nvarchar 数据类型。我们的研究结果为生物信息学领域带来了新的信息,即在细胞生物学研究中创建用于数据存储的数据库结构。这些新见解将有助于大数据的数据荟萃分析,并将科学成果应用于医疗和科学实践。数据库将存储实时获得的数据,这将确保在指出生物学趋势、规律性、细胞结构之间的关系和联系方面的相关性。所有这些方面对于数据的空间建模和细胞结构相互作用模型的创建都非常重要,可用于医学和生物学实践。
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引用次数: 0
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Regulatory Mechanisms in Biosystems
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