Pub Date : 2023-07-11DOI: 10.15421/10.15421/022352
J. M. Poberezhets, V. M. Yaropud, I. Kupchuk, A. V. Kolechko, V. S. Rutkevych, V. F. Hraniak, S. A. Burlaka, О. V. Voitsitskyi
Currently, high productivity parameters in poultry farming are achievable only by maximum fulfillment of the poultry’s biological needs, because only healthy and highly productive birds can be the basis of the sphere’s profitability. All this is closely associated with the usage of feed additives of natural origin and effective methods of poultry farming, which provide high productivity and natural resistance of a bird’s body. In the experiment, we examined the effects of a probiotic feed additive on the productivity and slaughter parameters of the broiler chickens. Intake of the feed supplement by the experimental-group broiler chickens increased their live weight by 5% at the age of 28 days, 12% at the age of 35 days, and by 14% at the age of 42 days, compared with the control group. Using the tested probiotic feed supplement in the diet increased the mean daily (by 15.9%) and absolute increments (by 14.4% compared with the control group). Intake of the probiotic feed supplement by broiler chickens of the experimental group increased their pre-slaughter live weight by 14.2%, weight of non-processed carcasses by 15.5%, semi-processed carcass by 15.7% and processed carcass by 15.3%, compared with the parameters of the control group. In broilers of the experimental group, there were increases in the general weight of muscles (10.3%), namely the breast muscles (11.8%), muscles of thighs and lower legs (9.8%), and weight of the gizzard (by 6.5%), compared with the control group. Intake of the probiotic supplement by the experimental-group broiler chickens resulted in increases in width of the proventriculus (28.5%), length of the gizzard (16.3%) and width of the gizzard (29.7%), compared with the control group of animals. The probiotic feed supplement increased the length of the duodenum (by 7.6%) and the jejunum (by 4.5%) in the experimental-group broiler chickens, against the control. Therefore, feed supplements based on cheap culture Saccharomyces cerevisiae are promising, because they are able to enhance the effectiveness of poultry farming at relatively small costs.
{"title":"Efficiency of a food supplement containing Saccharomyces cerevisiae culture in the diet of broiler chickens","authors":"J. M. Poberezhets, V. M. Yaropud, I. Kupchuk, A. V. Kolechko, V. S. Rutkevych, V. F. Hraniak, S. A. Burlaka, О. V. Voitsitskyi","doi":"10.15421/10.15421/022352","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/10.15421/022352","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, high productivity parameters in poultry farming are achievable only by maximum fulfillment of the poultry’s biological needs, because only healthy and highly productive birds can be the basis of the sphere’s profitability. All this is closely associated with the usage of feed additives of natural origin and effective methods of poultry farming, which provide high productivity and natural resistance of a bird’s body. In the experiment, we examined the effects of a probiotic feed additive on the productivity and slaughter parameters of the broiler chickens. Intake of the feed supplement by the experimental-group broiler chickens increased their live weight by 5% at the age of 28 days, 12% at the age of 35 days, and by 14% at the age of 42 days, compared with the control group. Using the tested probiotic feed supplement in the diet increased the mean daily (by 15.9%) and absolute increments (by 14.4% compared with the control group). Intake of the probiotic feed supplement by broiler chickens of the experimental group increased their pre-slaughter live weight by 14.2%, weight of non-processed carcasses by 15.5%, semi-processed carcass by 15.7% and processed carcass by 15.3%, compared with the parameters of the control group. In broilers of the experimental group, there were increases in the general weight of muscles (10.3%), namely the breast muscles (11.8%), muscles of thighs and lower legs (9.8%), and weight of the gizzard (by 6.5%), compared with the control group. Intake of the probiotic supplement by the experimental-group broiler chickens resulted in increases in width of the proventriculus (28.5%), length of the gizzard (16.3%) and width of the gizzard (29.7%), compared with the control group of animals. The probiotic feed supplement increased the length of the duodenum (by 7.6%) and the jejunum (by 4.5%) in the experimental-group broiler chickens, against the control. Therefore, feed supplements based on cheap culture Saccharomyces cerevisiae are promising, because they are able to enhance the effectiveness of poultry farming at relatively small costs.","PeriodicalId":21094,"journal":{"name":"Regulatory Mechanisms in Biosystems","volume":"2009 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139360472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-08DOI: 10.15421/10.15421/022358
V. Kalynovskyi, O. Smirnov, P. Zelena, Y. Yumyna, M. Kovalenko, V. Dzhagan, M. Dzerzhynsky, N. Taran
Metallic nanostructures, especially silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have already found multiple applications in modern industry, science and medicine. Still, the production of nano-sized compounds often leads to the formation of toxic byproducts and possesses substantial environmental hazard. One of the promising solutions for the ecofriendly creation of nanomaterials predicts the use of a “green chemistry” approach using organisms, their parts or natural compounds to act as safe and effective producers of nanomaterials. Plant-mediated biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles includes the reduction of Ag+ to Ag0 by natural compounds, usually secondary metabolites which can be found in roots, leaves, cortex, fruits, flowers and seeds of various species. Aqueous extract of Capsicum annuum var. cv. (cultivar) Teja (S-17) fruits was used as a bioreducer for the reduction of AgNO3 solution to AgNPs. The formation of the AgNPs was confirmed by the presence of the Tyndall effect of light scattering combined with colour change of the solutions. The properties of the nanoparticles were assessed with UV-visible spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. In the present study, we report the experimental optimization of operating parameters needed for silver biotransformation by C. annuum. Biosynthesized nanoparticles were 13–22 nm in size and spherical in shape. Colloidal solutions of AgNPs were also confirmed to show antioxidant activity in vitro as analyzed by the reduction of DPPH radicals. Characterization and application of AgNPs as bactericidal agents on two Gram-positive (Micrococcus luteus, Staphylococcus aureus) and two Gram-negative (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) prokaryotic microorganisms demonstrated the prevalent influence on Gram-positive strains.
{"title":"Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles with antioxidant and bactericidal activities using Capsicum annuum fruit extract","authors":"V. Kalynovskyi, O. Smirnov, P. Zelena, Y. Yumyna, M. Kovalenko, V. Dzhagan, M. Dzerzhynsky, N. Taran","doi":"10.15421/10.15421/022358","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/10.15421/022358","url":null,"abstract":"Metallic nanostructures, especially silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have already found multiple applications in modern industry, science and medicine. Still, the production of nano-sized compounds often leads to the formation of toxic byproducts and possesses substantial environmental hazard. One of the promising solutions for the ecofriendly creation of nanomaterials predicts the use of a “green chemistry” approach using organisms, their parts or natural compounds to act as safe and effective producers of nanomaterials. Plant-mediated biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles includes the reduction of Ag+ to Ag0 by natural compounds, usually secondary metabolites which can be found in roots, leaves, cortex, fruits, flowers and seeds of various species. Aqueous extract of Capsicum annuum var. cv. (cultivar) Teja (S-17) fruits was used as a bioreducer for the reduction of AgNO3 solution to AgNPs. The formation of the AgNPs was confirmed by the presence of the Tyndall effect of light scattering combined with colour change of the solutions. The properties of the nanoparticles were assessed with UV-visible spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. In the present study, we report the experimental optimization of operating parameters needed for silver biotransformation by C. annuum. Biosynthesized nanoparticles were 13–22 nm in size and spherical in shape. Colloidal solutions of AgNPs were also confirmed to show antioxidant activity in vitro as analyzed by the reduction of DPPH radicals. Characterization and application of AgNPs as bactericidal agents on two Gram-positive (Micrococcus luteus, Staphylococcus aureus) and two Gram-negative (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) prokaryotic microorganisms demonstrated the prevalent influence on Gram-positive strains.","PeriodicalId":21094,"journal":{"name":"Regulatory Mechanisms in Biosystems","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139361364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-03DOI: 10.15421/10.15421/022353
I. Korkh, N. V. Boiko, І. A. Pomitun, A. P. Paliy, O. Pavlichenko, Y. V. Negreba, V. I. Rysovanyi, A. S. Siabro
The reproductive function of ewes and the development of their offspring are largely influenced by their clinical condition and the temperature of the environment. The maximum temperature values have significantly increased over the last two decades, making climate change a pressing issue for sheep breeding worldwide, including Ukraine. The consequences of exposure to high temperatures of the outside air, above all, in the mating season, can be marked by a significant increase in the heat load on the body of the brood stock, a decrease in clinical indicators and reproductive capacity. On the other hand, the current understanding of how these components interact is insufficient, which conditions the relevance of this work. In order to determine the effective terms of insemination of sheep in the mating season of 2021, taking into account the terms of insemination and the characteristics of the outside air temperature, three technological groups of ewes were formed, which were in the same flock and were artificially inseminated with freshly obtained sperm from the same breeders in August–September: from August 15 to August 27; from August 28 to September 9 and from September 10 to September 21. It was discovered that ewes inseminated between August 28th and September 9th were less adaptable to environmental conditions, experiencing increased daily fluctuations of body temperature, pulse and breathing rates, stillborn lambs, cases of abortion, and decreased preservation of young animals, including ewe lambs, which are highly valuable in breeding – by 15.8% and 10.9% concerning the initial and final phases of the insemination period. However, the young lambs born from ewes inseminated between August 15th and August 27th had the highest survival rate until weaning due to better survival of ewe lambs compared to those inseminated during later phases of the mating season against the background of a lower percentage of output of rams until the moment of weaning against ewes that were inseminated from August 28 to September 9. It has been shown that the growth rate of lambs during early postnatal development varies depending on the timing of their mothers' insemination. Ewes inseminated between August 15th and 27th produced lambs with the highest weight at 90 days, reaching 26.81 and 24.18 kg, respectively; 20.1% and 26.8% more than rams, and 19.1% and 18.8% more than female lambs whose mothers were inseminated in the middle and at the end of the breeding season. A similar picture is characteristic of the average daily growth values. It was determined that the formation of clinical indicators, and above all, the body temperature of young animals born from mothers fertilized at the beginning and in the middle of the mating season, was the most intense. The results of this study made it possible to understand the adaptive mechanisms of the response of sheep to changes in environmental temperature, which will be useful in future investigations to determine i
{"title":"The impact of environmental temperature on ewe reproduction, adaptive responses during insemination, and productive characteristics of the lambs obtained from them","authors":"I. Korkh, N. V. Boiko, І. A. Pomitun, A. P. Paliy, O. Pavlichenko, Y. V. Negreba, V. I. Rysovanyi, A. S. Siabro","doi":"10.15421/10.15421/022353","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/10.15421/022353","url":null,"abstract":"The reproductive function of ewes and the development of their offspring are largely influenced by their clinical condition and the temperature of the environment. The maximum temperature values have significantly increased over the last two decades, making climate change a pressing issue for sheep breeding worldwide, including Ukraine. The consequences of exposure to high temperatures of the outside air, above all, in the mating season, can be marked by a significant increase in the heat load on the body of the brood stock, a decrease in clinical indicators and reproductive capacity. On the other hand, the current understanding of how these components interact is insufficient, which conditions the relevance of this work. In order to determine the effective terms of insemination of sheep in the mating season of 2021, taking into account the terms of insemination and the characteristics of the outside air temperature, three technological groups of ewes were formed, which were in the same flock and were artificially inseminated with freshly obtained sperm from the same breeders in August–September: from August 15 to August 27; from August 28 to September 9 and from September 10 to September 21. It was discovered that ewes inseminated between August 28th and September 9th were less adaptable to environmental conditions, experiencing increased daily fluctuations of body temperature, pulse and breathing rates, stillborn lambs, cases of abortion, and decreased preservation of young animals, including ewe lambs, which are highly valuable in breeding – by 15.8% and 10.9% concerning the initial and final phases of the insemination period. However, the young lambs born from ewes inseminated between August 15th and August 27th had the highest survival rate until weaning due to better survival of ewe lambs compared to those inseminated during later phases of the mating season against the background of a lower percentage of output of rams until the moment of weaning against ewes that were inseminated from August 28 to September 9. It has been shown that the growth rate of lambs during early postnatal development varies depending on the timing of their mothers' insemination. Ewes inseminated between August 15th and 27th produced lambs with the highest weight at 90 days, reaching 26.81 and 24.18 kg, respectively; 20.1% and 26.8% more than rams, and 19.1% and 18.8% more than female lambs whose mothers were inseminated in the middle and at the end of the breeding season. A similar picture is characteristic of the average daily growth values. It was determined that the formation of clinical indicators, and above all, the body temperature of young animals born from mothers fertilized at the beginning and in the middle of the mating season, was the most intense. The results of this study made it possible to understand the adaptive mechanisms of the response of sheep to changes in environmental temperature, which will be useful in future investigations to determine i","PeriodicalId":21094,"journal":{"name":"Regulatory Mechanisms in Biosystems","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139364131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-03DOI: 10.15421/10.15421/022371
L. Korniienko, V. Ukhovskyi, O. A. Moroz, O. Chechet, M. Y. Romanko, G. B. Aliekseieva, T. Tsarenko, L. M. Chernenko, N. B. Vydaiko, N. P. Nenych
Zoonotic leptospirosis is an infectious disease caused by pathogenic Leptospira bacteria that can be transmitted from animals to humans. Animals, especially wild and domestic mammals, are reservoir hosts that carry and excrete the bacteria in their urine. A retrospective analysis of the incidence of leptospirosis in animals and humans in Ukraine from 2003 to 2022 was conducted based on reports from regional state laboratories of veterinary medicine and the Center for Public Health. GIS mapping was used to analyze and visualize the data. The incidence and prevalence of leptospirosis among different animal species, including farm, domestic and wild animals, were analyzed. These studies included a retrospective analysis of blood serum samples from different animal species for leptospirosis and analysis of the results to determine the level of seropositivity. The study analyzed a total of 6,543,934 samples, with an overall seropositivity rate of 3.3%. Among cattle, 4.1% of the samples were positive. For pigs, 2.1% were positive. Horses had a seropositivity rate of 7.9%, while dogs and cats had seropositivity rates of 17.5% and 13.1% respectively. Wild boars showed a positivity rate of 2.2%. The number of seropositive animals of different species in Ukraine showed different dynamics from 2003 to 2022. The highest number of positive cases was found among cattle, pigs and horses. However, the number of positive cases decreased significantly after 2015, which coincides with a significant reduction in the number of farm animals. Trends of increasing seropositivity among dogs and cats in the period 2007–2015 indicate that these species are also active carriers of Leptospira, as are the leading agricultural species. Wildlife species with stable seropositivity serve as both sources and reservoirs of Leptospira. Wild pigs are becoming the main bacterial carriers in all regions of Ukraine. There is a marked disproportion between the number of positive cases among farm animals and wildlife, indicating that seropositivity in these populations exists largely autonomously. A total of 7,937 people were infected in Ukraine between 2003 and 2022. Certain regions, such as Lviv, Kherson, Kyiv, Mykolaiv, and Vinnytsia, account for a larger share of the total number of cases, ranging from 4.8% to 7.3%. The incidence of human leptospirosis has fluctuated over the years, peaking at 473 cases in 2014, followed by a decline: 301 cases in 2015, 323 cases in 2016 and 330 cases in 2017, and in subsequent years the number of cases remained relatively stable, ranging from 142 to 295 cases per year. The study emphasizes the need to improve preventive measures and raise public awareness of the disease, especially in rural areas. It is important to adopt a comprehensive interdisciplinary approach involving collaboration between veterinary medicine, public health and environmental authorities to better understand and address the complexities of leptospirosis transmission and reduce i
{"title":"Epizootological and epidemiological aspects of leptospirosis in Ukraine for the period 2003–2022","authors":"L. Korniienko, V. Ukhovskyi, O. A. Moroz, O. Chechet, M. Y. Romanko, G. B. Aliekseieva, T. Tsarenko, L. M. Chernenko, N. B. Vydaiko, N. P. Nenych","doi":"10.15421/10.15421/022371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/10.15421/022371","url":null,"abstract":"Zoonotic leptospirosis is an infectious disease caused by pathogenic Leptospira bacteria that can be transmitted from animals to humans. Animals, especially wild and domestic mammals, are reservoir hosts that carry and excrete the bacteria in their urine. A retrospective analysis of the incidence of leptospirosis in animals and humans in Ukraine from 2003 to 2022 was conducted based on reports from regional state laboratories of veterinary medicine and the Center for Public Health. GIS mapping was used to analyze and visualize the data. The incidence and prevalence of leptospirosis among different animal species, including farm, domestic and wild animals, were analyzed. These studies included a retrospective analysis of blood serum samples from different animal species for leptospirosis and analysis of the results to determine the level of seropositivity. The study analyzed a total of 6,543,934 samples, with an overall seropositivity rate of 3.3%. Among cattle, 4.1% of the samples were positive. For pigs, 2.1% were positive. Horses had a seropositivity rate of 7.9%, while dogs and cats had seropositivity rates of 17.5% and 13.1% respectively. Wild boars showed a positivity rate of 2.2%. The number of seropositive animals of different species in Ukraine showed different dynamics from 2003 to 2022. The highest number of positive cases was found among cattle, pigs and horses. However, the number of positive cases decreased significantly after 2015, which coincides with a significant reduction in the number of farm animals. Trends of increasing seropositivity among dogs and cats in the period 2007–2015 indicate that these species are also active carriers of Leptospira, as are the leading agricultural species. Wildlife species with stable seropositivity serve as both sources and reservoirs of Leptospira. Wild pigs are becoming the main bacterial carriers in all regions of Ukraine. There is a marked disproportion between the number of positive cases among farm animals and wildlife, indicating that seropositivity in these populations exists largely autonomously. A total of 7,937 people were infected in Ukraine between 2003 and 2022. Certain regions, such as Lviv, Kherson, Kyiv, Mykolaiv, and Vinnytsia, account for a larger share of the total number of cases, ranging from 4.8% to 7.3%. The incidence of human leptospirosis has fluctuated over the years, peaking at 473 cases in 2014, followed by a decline: 301 cases in 2015, 323 cases in 2016 and 330 cases in 2017, and in subsequent years the number of cases remained relatively stable, ranging from 142 to 295 cases per year. The study emphasizes the need to improve preventive measures and raise public awareness of the disease, especially in rural areas. It is important to adopt a comprehensive interdisciplinary approach involving collaboration between veterinary medicine, public health and environmental authorities to better understand and address the complexities of leptospirosis transmission and reduce i","PeriodicalId":21094,"journal":{"name":"Regulatory Mechanisms in Biosystems","volume":"260 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139363756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-03DOI: 10.15421/10.15421/022373
O. Panteleienko, D. Garcia, S. Bilyk, O. V. Dovhal, T. Tsarenko
To improve our understanding and to develop strategies to control Lyme borreliosis, this study focused on assessing the prevalence of clinically relevant Borrelia genotypes in ixodid ticks collected from different regions of Ukraine. Ixodid ticks were collected from vegetation and animal hosts in Kyiv, Cherkasy, and Mykolaiv regions of Ukraine (2021). The ticks were then tested by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the presence of the B. burgdorferi sensu lato complex and genotyped using primers for B. burgdorferi sensu stricto, B. afzelii, and B. garinii. In total, 1132 ixodid ticks were examined. In Kyiv region, Ixodes ricinus was the most common species (79.7%), in Cherkasy region, Dermacentor reticulatus was most common (72.7%), and in Mykolaiv region, Hyalomma marginatum was the most common species (76.4%). PCR analysis showed that I. ricinus and D. reticulatus are the main vectors of the B. burgdorferi sensu lato complex, especially in Kyiv and Cherkasy regions, where I. ricinus had a significantly higher total Borrelia infection rate (29.2%) than D. reticulatus (15.9%). In Mykolaiv region, Borrelia was not detected. Genotypic analysis revealed a significantly higher prevalence of the B. afzelii (15.6%) over the B. burgdorferi sensu stricto genotype at 9.3%. The B. garinii genotype was not detected in this study.This study analyzes the prevalence of ixodid ticks and genotypes of the Lyme borreliosis pathogen in Northern, Central and Southern Ukraine. In general, the results of the study indicate a widespread presence of borrelia in the northern and central regions, while no Borrelia were detected in the southern region. In addition, the B. afzelii genotype prevailed in Kyiv and Cherkasy regions.
为了增进我们对莱姆包虫病的了解并制定控制策略，本研究重点评估了从乌克兰不同地区采集的伊科蜱中与临床相关的包柔氏病毒基因型的流行情况。研究人员从乌克兰基辅、切尔卡瑟和米科廖夫地区（2021 年）的植被和动物宿主中采集了 Ixodid 蜱虫。然后用聚合酶链式反应（PCR）检测蜱虫体内是否存在广谱伯氏菌复合体，并使用广谱伯氏菌、阿夫泽尔伯氏菌和加里宁伯氏菌的引物对蜱虫进行基因分型。共检查了 1132 只伊科蜱。在基辅地区，蓖麻蜱是最常见的物种（79.7%），在切尔卡瑟地区，网斑蜱是最常见的物种（72.7%），在米科拉夫地区，边缘蜱是最常见的物种（76.4%）。PCR 分析表明，I. ricinus 和 D. reticulatus 是 B. burgdorferi sensu lato 复合物的主要传播媒介，尤其是在基辅和切尔卡瑟地区，I. ricinus 的总波氏杆菌感染率（29.2%）明显高于 D. reticulatus（15.9%）。在米科拉伊夫地区，未检测到鲍瑞氏菌。基因型分析显示，B. afzelii 的感染率（15.6%）明显高于严格意义上的 B. burgdorferi 基因型（9.3%）。本研究分析了乌克兰北部、中部和南部地区伊科蜱的流行情况和莱姆包虫病病原体的基因型。总体而言，研究结果表明，北部和中部地区广泛存在包柔氏菌，而南部地区未检测到包柔氏菌。此外，基辅和切尔卡瑟地区普遍存在 B. afzelii 基因型。
{"title":"Prevalence and distribution of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato genotypes among ixodid ticks in three regions of Ukraine","authors":"O. Panteleienko, D. Garcia, S. Bilyk, O. V. Dovhal, T. Tsarenko","doi":"10.15421/10.15421/022373","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/10.15421/022373","url":null,"abstract":"To improve our understanding and to develop strategies to control Lyme borreliosis, this study focused on assessing the prevalence of clinically relevant Borrelia genotypes in ixodid ticks collected from different regions of Ukraine. Ixodid ticks were collected from vegetation and animal hosts in Kyiv, Cherkasy, and Mykolaiv regions of Ukraine (2021). The ticks were then tested by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the presence of the B. burgdorferi sensu lato complex and genotyped using primers for B. burgdorferi sensu stricto, B. afzelii, and B. garinii. In total, 1132 ixodid ticks were examined. In Kyiv region, Ixodes ricinus was the most common species (79.7%), in Cherkasy region, Dermacentor reticulatus was most common (72.7%), and in Mykolaiv region, Hyalomma marginatum was the most common species (76.4%). PCR analysis showed that I. ricinus and D. reticulatus are the main vectors of the B. burgdorferi sensu lato complex, especially in Kyiv and Cherkasy regions, where I. ricinus had a significantly higher total Borrelia infection rate (29.2%) than D. reticulatus (15.9%). In Mykolaiv region, Borrelia was not detected. Genotypic analysis revealed a significantly higher prevalence of the B. afzelii (15.6%) over the B. burgdorferi sensu stricto genotype at 9.3%. The B. garinii genotype was not detected in this study.This study analyzes the prevalence of ixodid ticks and genotypes of the Lyme borreliosis pathogen in Northern, Central and Southern Ukraine. In general, the results of the study indicate a widespread presence of borrelia in the northern and central regions, while no Borrelia were detected in the southern region. In addition, the B. afzelii genotype prevailed in Kyiv and Cherkasy regions.","PeriodicalId":21094,"journal":{"name":"Regulatory Mechanisms in Biosystems","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139364003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.15421/10.15421/022350
O. Harmatina, K. Rozova, T. Y. Voznesenska, M. Vasylenko, T. Y. Lapikova-Bryhinska, A. Portnychenko
Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion is a widespread pathological condition caused by chronically reduced cerebral blood flow leading to brain damage, but the specific molecular mechanisms that regulate these phenomena remain poorly understood. In this study, we investigated brain damage and neuronal DNA injury in a vulnerable region of the brain, the hippocampus, as well as the involvement of apolipoprotein E (ApoE), sirtuins of 1 (SIRT1) and 3 (SIRT3) types and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) in pathogenetic mechanisms in mice with chronic cerebral hypoperfusion caused by the permanent occlusion of the left unilateral common carotid artery. Male C57/6j (C57, wild type) and ApoE(-/-) mice were divided into four experimental groups (10 mice per group): sham-operated С57, С57 with chronic cerebral hypoperfusion, sham-operated ApoE(-/-) mice, ApoE(-/-) mice with chronic cerebral hypoperfusion. Our results showed that the number of damaged neurons in the hippocampus at 8 weeks after surgical manipulation increased in both groups of mice with chronic cerebral hypoperfusion, with more pronounced rates in ApoE(-/-) mice than in C57 mice. However, ApoE deficiency in moderate chronic cerebral hypoperfusion was accompanied by a higher level of undamaged DNA (class 0) and a low level of maximally damaged DNA (class 4) in brain cell nuclei in contrast to group C57. In ApoE-deficient mice, reduced expression of SIRT1, SIRT3, and IGF-1 was found. In chronic cerebral hypoperfusion, expression of sirtuins was preserved, but IGF-1 expression was significantly reduced in ApoE(-/-) mice in comparison to C57. The obtained results indicate that ApoE deficiency leads to downregulation of SIRT1, SIRT3 and IGF-1 in the brain; this lack of cytoprotection is enhanced in chronic cerebral hypoperfusion and may participate in the mechanisms of neuronal damage.
{"title":"Downregulation of SIRT1, SIRT3, and IGF-1 in ApoE-deficient mice exacerbates neuronal damage induced by chronic cerebral hypoperfusion","authors":"O. Harmatina, K. Rozova, T. Y. Voznesenska, M. Vasylenko, T. Y. Lapikova-Bryhinska, A. Portnychenko","doi":"10.15421/10.15421/022350","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/10.15421/022350","url":null,"abstract":"Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion is a widespread pathological condition caused by chronically reduced cerebral blood flow leading to brain damage, but the specific molecular mechanisms that regulate these phenomena remain poorly understood. In this study, we investigated brain damage and neuronal DNA injury in a vulnerable region of the brain, the hippocampus, as well as the involvement of apolipoprotein E (ApoE), sirtuins of 1 (SIRT1) and 3 (SIRT3) types and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) in pathogenetic mechanisms in mice with chronic cerebral hypoperfusion caused by the permanent occlusion of the left unilateral common carotid artery. Male C57/6j (C57, wild type) and ApoE(-/-) mice were divided into four experimental groups (10 mice per group): sham-operated С57, С57 with chronic cerebral hypoperfusion, sham-operated ApoE(-/-) mice, ApoE(-/-) mice with chronic cerebral hypoperfusion. Our results showed that the number of damaged neurons in the hippocampus at 8 weeks after surgical manipulation increased in both groups of mice with chronic cerebral hypoperfusion, with more pronounced rates in ApoE(-/-) mice than in C57 mice. However, ApoE deficiency in moderate chronic cerebral hypoperfusion was accompanied by a higher level of undamaged DNA (class 0) and a low level of maximally damaged DNA (class 4) in brain cell nuclei in contrast to group C57. In ApoE-deficient mice, reduced expression of SIRT1, SIRT3, and IGF-1 was found. In chronic cerebral hypoperfusion, expression of sirtuins was preserved, but IGF-1 expression was significantly reduced in ApoE(-/-) mice in comparison to C57. The obtained results indicate that ApoE deficiency leads to downregulation of SIRT1, SIRT3 and IGF-1 in the brain; this lack of cytoprotection is enhanced in chronic cerebral hypoperfusion and may participate in the mechanisms of neuronal damage.","PeriodicalId":21094,"journal":{"name":"Regulatory Mechanisms in Biosystems","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139367254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. A. Gryshchenko, O. О. Danchenko, S. A. Tkachuk, T. I. Fotina, V. Zazharskyi, V. V. Brygadyrenko
Enteropathology in newborn ruminants significantly affects the functional formation of the digestive tract, which induces complications in other organs and systems, reducing the resistance and productivity in recovered animals. It is also characterized by metabolic disorders, particularly lipids, which adversely affects the regenerative processes at the cellular level. The material for the study was 2-day-old calves, from which 3 groups of 6 animals each were formed. 1st group – control was made up of clinically healthy animals, 2nd group – calves with toxic dyspepsia which received traditional treatment and 3rd group – calves which were additionally orally administered a liposomal form of a 1% solution of BAD "FLP-MD". The lipid composition of blood plasma and the epithelium of the mucous membrane of the jejunum of calves was studied by the method of thin-layer chromatography on standard Silufol plates. The lipidogram of blood plasma in 30-day-old calves recovered from dyspepsia under traditional treatment regimen was characterized by dyslipidemia, which was manifested by an increase in total lipid content by 10.0% amid hypercholesterolemia and hypertriacylglycerolemia and a decrease in free fatty acids by 24.6% and phospholipids by 11.8%. Also, phosphatidylcholine and sphingomyelin content decreasesd in the blood plasma. In epithelium of the jejunal mucosa, total lipid content decreased due to total cholesterol, triacylglycerols, and phospholipids. The restoration of total lipid content and individual fractions was found in blood plasma of calves that received additionally phospholipid-containing bio-additive "FLP-MD". Among the individual phospholipids phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylserine prevailed. In these calves, most of the lipid components in the epithelium of the jejunal mucosa were stabilized. In the future, we plan to investigate the content of total lipids in the blood and mucous membrane of the small intestine of calves.
{"title":"Lipid composition of blood plasma and epithelium of the jejunal mucosa in calves with dyspepsia and its correction","authors":"V. A. Gryshchenko, O. О. Danchenko, S. A. Tkachuk, T. I. Fotina, V. Zazharskyi, V. V. Brygadyrenko","doi":"10.15421/022347","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/022347","url":null,"abstract":"Enteropathology in newborn ruminants significantly affects the functional formation of the digestive tract, which induces complications in other organs and systems, reducing the resistance and productivity in recovered animals. It is also characterized by metabolic disorders, particularly lipids, which adversely affects the regenerative processes at the cellular level. The material for the study was 2-day-old calves, from which 3 groups of 6 animals each were formed. 1st group – control was made up of clinically healthy animals, 2nd group – calves with toxic dyspepsia which received traditional treatment and 3rd group – calves which were additionally orally administered a liposomal form of a 1% solution of BAD \"FLP-MD\". The lipid composition of blood plasma and the epithelium of the mucous membrane of the jejunum of calves was studied by the method of thin-layer chromatography on standard Silufol plates. The lipidogram of blood plasma in 30-day-old calves recovered from dyspepsia under traditional treatment regimen was characterized by dyslipidemia, which was manifested by an increase in total lipid content by 10.0% amid hypercholesterolemia and hypertriacylglycerolemia and a decrease in free fatty acids by 24.6% and phospholipids by 11.8%. Also, phosphatidylcholine and sphingomyelin content decreasesd in the blood plasma. In epithelium of the jejunal mucosa, total lipid content decreased due to total cholesterol, triacylglycerols, and phospholipids. The restoration of total lipid content and individual fractions was found in blood plasma of calves that received additionally phospholipid-containing bio-additive \"FLP-MD\". Among the individual phospholipids phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylserine prevailed. In these calves, most of the lipid components in the epithelium of the jejunal mucosa were stabilized. In the future, we plan to investigate the content of total lipids in the blood and mucous membrane of the small intestine of calves.","PeriodicalId":21094,"journal":{"name":"Regulatory Mechanisms in Biosystems","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41337772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article presents the results of histopathological and immunohistochemical studies of three types of equine skin neoplasms, classified as type 2 fibroblastic sarcoid based on their morphological features. The tumours were localized in the abdominal area, macroscopically presented as dense, fleshy formations without a stalk, yet with small ulcers on the surface. Infection of horses could have occurred through direct or indirect contact with other infected horses and cattle, as well as through insects. Histological examination of the sarcoid established that the epidermis was in a state of hyperkeratosis and acanthosis, with the formation of numerous projections that penetrated deeply into the dermis. The boundaries between the papillary and reticular layers of the dermis were not visualized; the defining feature was the chaotic spindle-shaped fibroblasts that formed a significant number of dense whirl-like structures, or moire patterns, which encircled vessels of a varying caliber. The cell nuclei were predominantly round-shaped and hyperchromatic. Present were both typical and atypical mitotic figures. Replacement of loose connective tissue with collagen fibers was observed intradermally. Upon studying the morphological structure of the sarcoid on semi-thin sections, significant vascularization was observed. Spindle-shaped fibrocytes with branched processes and elongated nuclei were located around vessels of varying sizes, exhibiting well-differentiated single or double nuclei. Fibroblasts of various shapes and sizes with round nuclei were randomly distributed throughout the entire area of the neoplasm. The bulk of the sarcoid consisted of collagen fibers, which turned pink when exposed to methylene blue and further exposure to acid fuchsin. Immunohistochemical studies revealed intense vimentin-positive expression in the sarcoid cells, confirming the hypothesis of their mesodermal origin. Upon detecting Ki-67 antibodies in the sarcoids from three clinical cases, a significant number of cells in the G1 and S phases of mitosis were discovered; the cell nuclei and karyoplasm were stained brown. These actively proliferating cells of the neoplasm constitute the "growth fraction" of the tumour and point to a high risk of recurrence and malignancy.
{"title":"Histological and immunohistochemical changes in equine sarcoids","authors":"M. Portenko, O. Shchebentovska, H. Blishch","doi":"10.15421/022348","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/022348","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the results of histopathological and immunohistochemical studies of three types of equine skin neoplasms, classified as type 2 fibroblastic sarcoid based on their morphological features. The tumours were localized in the abdominal area, macroscopically presented as dense, fleshy formations without a stalk, yet with small ulcers on the surface. Infection of horses could have occurred through direct or indirect contact with other infected horses and cattle, as well as through insects. Histological examination of the sarcoid established that the epidermis was in a state of hyperkeratosis and acanthosis, with the formation of numerous projections that penetrated deeply into the dermis. The boundaries between the papillary and reticular layers of the dermis were not visualized; the defining feature was the chaotic spindle-shaped fibroblasts that formed a significant number of dense whirl-like structures, or moire patterns, which encircled vessels of a varying caliber. The cell nuclei were predominantly round-shaped and hyperchromatic. Present were both typical and atypical mitotic figures. Replacement of loose connective tissue with collagen fibers was observed intradermally. Upon studying the morphological structure of the sarcoid on semi-thin sections, significant vascularization was observed. Spindle-shaped fibrocytes with branched processes and elongated nuclei were located around vessels of varying sizes, exhibiting well-differentiated single or double nuclei. Fibroblasts of various shapes and sizes with round nuclei were randomly distributed throughout the entire area of the neoplasm. The bulk of the sarcoid consisted of collagen fibers, which turned pink when exposed to methylene blue and further exposure to acid fuchsin. Immunohistochemical studies revealed intense vimentin-positive expression in the sarcoid cells, confirming the hypothesis of their mesodermal origin. Upon detecting Ki-67 antibodies in the sarcoids from three clinical cases, a significant number of cells in the G1 and S phases of mitosis were discovered; the cell nuclei and karyoplasm were stained brown. These actively proliferating cells of the neoplasm constitute the \"growth fraction\" of the tumour and point to a high risk of recurrence and malignancy.","PeriodicalId":21094,"journal":{"name":"Regulatory Mechanisms in Biosystems","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44165182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
О. Zhukorskyi, О. М. Tsereniuk, T. V. Sukhno, A. M. Saienko, A. A. Polishchuk, Y. Chereuta, B. S. Shaferivskyi, P. Vashchenko
Since the efficiency of pig breeding largely depends on the reproductive ability of sows, one of the promising areas of research in animal husbandry is the study of factors whose correction can improve the fertility and quality of the offspring. Our work purpose was to investigate the effect of gilts’ feeding level, MC4R genotype and interaction of these factors on the reproductive traits pigs after reaching puberty. The object of the study was crossbred pigs obtained as a result of the combination of sows of the Large White breed with boars of the Landrace breed. To carry out the research, the animals were divided into four groups that differed among themselves by the genotype of the melanocortin 4 receptor gene and the level of feeding of the experimental animals. To determine the genotype, the PCR-RFLP method was utilized. Genetic studies were conducted in a certified laboratory of the Institute of Pig Breeding and Agroindustrial Production. The reproductive capacity of the pigs was determined after receiving the farrowing by the following traits: piglets born alive per farrowing (animals), weight of litters of piglets at birth (kg), average weight of piglet at birth (kg), number of weaning piglets (animals), weight of litters of piglets at 28 days (kg), average weight of piglet at 28 days (kg), average daily gain of suckling piglets from 0 to 28 days (g). It was established that the traits of reproductive ability of crossbred Large White × Landrace pigs were affected by the interaction of genotype and feeding factors. When limiting the nutritional value of the daily diet, sows with the AG genotype outperformed those with the GG genotype by 1.2 piglets born alive per farrowing, by 3.0 kg for litter weight at birth, and by 0.1 kg for the average weight of a piglet at birth. The advantage of the AG genotype for average piglet weight at 28 days was even larger. Conversely, in conditions of a high level of feeding, animals with the GG genotype had higher productivity in terms of such traits as piglets born alive per farrowing – by 1.6 animals; weight of litters of piglets at birth – by 4.1 kg; for average weight of piglet at birth – 0.2 kg; by number of weaning piglets – 2.0 animals; by weight of litters of piglets at 28 days – 28.8 kg; for average weight of piglet at 28 days – 1.1 kg and for average daily gain from 0 to 28 days – 34.6 g. In the future, the goal is to develop a system of differentiated rationing of pigs' diets depending on their genotype.
{"title":"The influence of genotype and feeding level of gilts on their further reproductive performance","authors":"О. Zhukorskyi, О. М. Tsereniuk, T. V. Sukhno, A. M. Saienko, A. A. Polishchuk, Y. Chereuta, B. S. Shaferivskyi, P. Vashchenko","doi":"10.15421/022346","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/022346","url":null,"abstract":"Since the efficiency of pig breeding largely depends on the reproductive ability of sows, one of the promising areas of research in animal husbandry is the study of factors whose correction can improve the fertility and quality of the offspring. Our work purpose was to investigate the effect of gilts’ feeding level, MC4R genotype and interaction of these factors on the reproductive traits pigs after reaching puberty. The object of the study was crossbred pigs obtained as a result of the combination of sows of the Large White breed with boars of the Landrace breed. To carry out the research, the animals were divided into four groups that differed among themselves by the genotype of the melanocortin 4 receptor gene and the level of feeding of the experimental animals. To determine the genotype, the PCR-RFLP method was utilized. Genetic studies were conducted in a certified laboratory of the Institute of Pig Breeding and Agroindustrial Production. The reproductive capacity of the pigs was determined after receiving the farrowing by the following traits: piglets born alive per farrowing (animals), weight of litters of piglets at birth (kg), average weight of piglet at birth (kg), number of weaning piglets (animals), weight of litters of piglets at 28 days (kg), average weight of piglet at 28 days (kg), average daily gain of suckling piglets from 0 to 28 days (g). It was established that the traits of reproductive ability of crossbred Large White × Landrace pigs were affected by the interaction of genotype and feeding factors. When limiting the nutritional value of the daily diet, sows with the AG genotype outperformed those with the GG genotype by 1.2 piglets born alive per farrowing, by 3.0 kg for litter weight at birth, and by 0.1 kg for the average weight of a piglet at birth. The advantage of the AG genotype for average piglet weight at 28 days was even larger. Conversely, in conditions of a high level of feeding, animals with the GG genotype had higher productivity in terms of such traits as piglets born alive per farrowing – by 1.6 animals; weight of litters of piglets at birth – by 4.1 kg; for average weight of piglet at birth – 0.2 kg; by number of weaning piglets – 2.0 animals; by weight of litters of piglets at 28 days – 28.8 kg; for average weight of piglet at 28 days – 1.1 kg and for average daily gain from 0 to 28 days – 34.6 g. In the future, the goal is to develop a system of differentiated rationing of pigs' diets depending on their genotype.","PeriodicalId":21094,"journal":{"name":"Regulatory Mechanisms in Biosystems","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47511234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Suprovych, L. Stroianovska, O. Vishchur, V. Havryliak, S. Vasylyuk, M. Masyuk, I. Solovodzinska, V. Lubenets
Diseases of the mammary gland in cows are of multi-factor nature, which significantly complicates their control and treatment. One of the factors influencing development of mastitis is bacterial microflora. Because of limited use of antibiotics, development of novel alternative antmicrobial drugs is of great relevance. Therefore, the objective of the study was identifying the effect of an ethyl-thiosulfanilate-based liposomal drug on the hematological and biochemical parameters of blood of the cows suffering catarrhal mastitis. The animals were three times intramuscularly injected with the liposomal drug in the dose of 0.04 mL/kg of body weight. Blood from the cows was taken from the jugular vein on the day prior to administration of the drug, and also on the 3rd and 7th days after its application. During the bacterial study of the secretion of udder of sick cows, we collected 51 bacterial isolates, in which dominated Staphylococcus aureus (27.5%) and Streptococcus spp. (21.6%). In blood of the sick cows, we found higher number of leukocytes, increases in the concentrations of circulating immune complexes, lipid hydroperoxides, and ketone derivatives of oxidative modification of proteins. At the same time, we observed decreases in the number of lymphocytes and concentration of protein and the bactericidal activity of blood serum. Administration of the complex liposomal drug had a normalizing effect on the analyzed parameters of the cows. This was evidenced by 9.4% decrease in the total number of leukocytes, 18.5% decrease in the content of circulating immune complexes, 9.3% increase in lymphocytes, and 13.6% increase in the level of total protein. In the sick cows, the drug enhanced the bactericidal (by 35.4%) and lysozymic (by 36.3%) activities of blood serum, glutathione peroxidase activity, and increased the content of reduced glutathione. On the seventh day after injecting the drug into blood of the cows, we saw decrease in the level of intermediate and end products of lipid peroxidation and derivatives of oxidative modification of proteins. Therefore, the complex ethyl-thiosulfanilate-based liposomal drug promoted reduction of metabolic homeostasis of the organism, had positive effect on the activity of natural defense mechanisms in the organism and can be recommended for the treatment of cows with catarrhal mastitis.
{"title":"Influence of liposomal thiosulfonate drug on the blood parameters of cows suffering catarrhal mastitis","authors":"T. Suprovych, L. Stroianovska, O. Vishchur, V. Havryliak, S. Vasylyuk, M. Masyuk, I. Solovodzinska, V. Lubenets","doi":"10.15421/022329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/022329","url":null,"abstract":"Diseases of the mammary gland in cows are of multi-factor nature, which significantly complicates their control and treatment. One of the factors influencing development of mastitis is bacterial microflora. Because of limited use of antibiotics, development of novel alternative antmicrobial drugs is of great relevance. Therefore, the objective of the study was identifying the effect of an ethyl-thiosulfanilate-based liposomal drug on the hematological and biochemical parameters of blood of the cows suffering catarrhal mastitis. The animals were three times intramuscularly injected with the liposomal drug in the dose of 0.04 mL/kg of body weight. Blood from the cows was taken from the jugular vein on the day prior to administration of the drug, and also on the 3rd and 7th days after its application. During the bacterial study of the secretion of udder of sick cows, we collected 51 bacterial isolates, in which dominated Staphylococcus aureus (27.5%) and Streptococcus spp. (21.6%). In blood of the sick cows, we found higher number of leukocytes, increases in the concentrations of circulating immune complexes, lipid hydroperoxides, and ketone derivatives of oxidative modification of proteins. At the same time, we observed decreases in the number of lymphocytes and concentration of protein and the bactericidal activity of blood serum. Administration of the complex liposomal drug had a normalizing effect on the analyzed parameters of the cows. This was evidenced by 9.4% decrease in the total number of leukocytes, 18.5% decrease in the content of circulating immune complexes, 9.3% increase in lymphocytes, and 13.6% increase in the level of total protein. In the sick cows, the drug enhanced the bactericidal (by 35.4%) and lysozymic (by 36.3%) activities of blood serum, glutathione peroxidase activity, and increased the content of reduced glutathione. On the seventh day after injecting the drug into blood of the cows, we saw decrease in the level of intermediate and end products of lipid peroxidation and derivatives of oxidative modification of proteins. Therefore, the complex ethyl-thiosulfanilate-based liposomal drug promoted reduction of metabolic homeostasis of the organism, had positive effect on the activity of natural defense mechanisms in the organism and can be recommended for the treatment of cows with catarrhal mastitis.","PeriodicalId":21094,"journal":{"name":"Regulatory Mechanisms in Biosystems","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49629440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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