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Preparation and Adsorption Characteristics of Novel Molecular Sieve for High Efficiency Arsenic Removal 新型高效除砷分子筛的制备及吸附特性研究
Q2 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2020-09-01 DOI: 10.13198/J.ISSN.1001-6929.2020.03.19
许江城, 康得军, 赵颖, 王宏亮, 龚天成, 陈其晓, 瞿聪, 杨天学
In order to enhance the adsorption performance of 4A molecular sieve for arsenic in aqueous solution,using MS as a carrier,iron-loaded molecular sieves(FMS)and iron-manganese molecular sieves(FMMS)were prepared as adsorbents for arsenic removal by impregnation method.The MS and FMS were characterized by SEM,FT-IR and BET,and carried out batch experiments to investigate the adsorption and removal effects of FMS and FMMS for pentavalent arsenic(As^5+)and trivalent arsenic(As^3+).The adsorption kinetics,isothermal adsorption test and adsorption thermodynamics of the FMS adsorption process were performed.The results show that the specific surface area of FMS is significantly increased and the surface structure of the material is improved.The specific surface area and pore volume of the FMS increased from^27.38 m^2 g and 0.068 cm^3 g to 281.25 m^2 g and 0.16 cm^3 g,respectively.Meanwhile,the average pore size decreased from 9.93 nm to 2.21 nm.This could cause the dense coarse particles to become an adsorbent with loose porous microstructure.FT-IR analysis shows that iron oxide formed in the iron salt impregnation process is mainly combined with O-H,Al-O and Si-O in the molecular sieve structure.The results of batch experiments with 4 mg L As^5+indicate that the removal rate increases by about 70%after the material modification.Moreover,the adsorption process is in accordance with the quasi second-order adsorption kinetics,and the correlation coefficient(R 2)is 0.99,indicating that the chemical adsorption plays an important role in the adsorption process.The Freundlich isotherm adsorption model fits the adsorption data well with a correlation coefficient(R 2)is 0.98,and the maximum adsorption capacity is calculated to be 9.9 mg g.Furthermore,the calculation of thermodynamic parametersΔG,ΔH andΔS find that temperature increase is favorable for adsorption,and the disorder degree between solid and liquid on the surface of the material increases during the reaction.Compared with FMS,FMMS can effectively improve the removal performance of As^3+.The initial concentrationof coexistence conditions wereρ(As^3+As^5+)=2.0,4.0,6.0 mg L,the removal rate of FMMS is increased by about 26.34%,28.06%and 28.09%,respectively.The research shows that the use of iron salt impregnation method to modify MS can effectively increase the adsorption capacity of As^5+and As^3+,and can give full play to the practical application value of the material.
为了提高4A分子筛对水溶液中砷的吸附性能,以质谱为载体,制备了载铁分子筛(FMS)和铁锰分子筛(FMMS)作为浸渍法除砷的吸附剂。采用SEM、FT-IR和BET对质谱和FMMS进行了表征,并进行了批量实验,考察了FMS和FMMS对五价砷(As^5+)和三价砷(As^3+)的吸附和去除效果。对FMS吸附过程进行了吸附动力学、等温吸附实验和吸附热力学研究。结果表明,FMS的比表面积显著增加,材料的表面结构得到改善。FMS的比表面积和孔体积分别从27.38 m^2 g和0.068 cm^3 g增加到281.25 m^2 g和0.16 cm^3 g。同时,平均孔径由9.93 nm减小到2.21 nm。这可能导致致密的粗颗粒成为具有松散多孔微观结构的吸附剂。FT-IR分析表明,在铁盐浸渍过程中形成的氧化铁主要以分子筛结构与O-H、Al-O和Si-O结合。4 mg L As^5+的批量实验结果表明,改性后的材料去除率提高了70%左右。吸附过程符合准二级吸附动力学,相关系数(r2)为0.99,说明化学吸附在吸附过程中起重要作用。Freundlich等温吸附模型与吸附数据拟合较好,相关系数(r2)为0.98,计算出最大吸附量为9.9 mg g.此外,热力学计算parametersΔG、ΔH andΔS发现温度升高有利于吸附,反应过程中物料表面固液之间的无序程度增大。与FMS相比,FMMS可以有效地提高As^3+的去除性能。当初始共存浓度为ρ(As^3+As^5+)=2.0、4.0、6.0 mg L时,FMMS的去除率分别提高了26.34%、28.06%和28.09%。研究表明,采用铁盐浸渍法对MS进行改性,可以有效提高MS对As^5+和As^3+的吸附能力,可以充分发挥该材料的实际应用价值。
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引用次数: 1
Research Progress on the Effects of Atmospheric PM2.5 and High-Fat Diet on the Incidence of Asthma 大气PM2.5与高脂饮食对哮喘发病影响的研究进展
Q2 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2020-09-01 DOI: 10.13198/J.ISSN.1001-6929.2020.06.08
李志鹏, 韩冰, 李志刚, 赵峰, 魏永杰
Atmospheric PM2.5 exposure is associated with respiratory diseases,and a high-fat diet is also one of the triggers of asthma.In recent years,the prevalence of asthma has been on the rise in China.Discussion on the effects of atmospheric PM2.5,high-fat diet,and their synergistic effects on the prevalence of asthma may provide a new ideas for the interventional treatment of asthma.The present study summarized the effects of PM2.5 exposure and high-fat diet on asthma and the pathogenesis of asthma,and pointed out:(1)The particulate matter exposure can trigger the inflammatory response in the body and increase the risk of asthma.(2)A high-fat diet can cause inflammation through metabolic activation of immune-related signaling pathways in the body.(3)Both can affect asthma inflammation through the MyD88/ TLRs signaling pathway and Th1 /Th2.The study reveals:the mechanism of action of PM2.5 and high-fat diet on asthma is consistent,which may have a synergistic effect on human health.
大气中PM2.5的暴露与呼吸道疾病有关,高脂肪饮食也是哮喘的诱因之一。近年来,中国哮喘的患病率呈上升趋势。探讨大气PM2.5、高脂饮食及其协同作用对哮喘患病率的影响,可能为哮喘的介入治疗提供新的思路。本研究总结了PM2.5暴露和高脂饮食对哮喘的影响以及哮喘的发病机制,并指出:(1)颗粒物暴露可引发体内炎症反应,增加哮喘的风险。(2) 高脂肪饮食可以通过体内免疫相关信号通路的代谢激活引起炎症。(3) 两者均可通过MyD88/TLRs信号通路和Th1/Th2影响哮喘炎症。研究表明:PM2.5和高脂饮食对哮喘的作用机制是一致的,可能对人类健康具有协同作用。
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引用次数: 0
Strategic Issues of Ecological Environment Protection in the Yangtze River Economic Belt 长江经济带生态环境保护的战略问题
Q2 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2020-08-01 DOI: 10.13198/J.ISSN.1001-6929.2020.05.36
杨荣金, 孙美莹, 张乐, 张钰莹, 刘伟玲, 李莹杰
The development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt is one of the major strategies for coordinated regional development of the country. It is required to protect the ecological environment,and take the road of ecological priority and green development. At present,the economic growth rate of the Yangtze River Economic Belt has slowed down. The industrial structure is continuously optimized. The urbanization is already in the late stage of rapid development. The emission intensity of major pollutants in the Yangtze River Economic Belt continued to decline. The water environment quality has improved significantly,but the water ecology situation is worrying. The continuous and steady improvement of the ecological environment quality has entered a critical period. Through the study of the situation of social economy and ecological environment,this paper proposes the strategic needs and strategic objectives of the future ecological environment protection of the Yangtze River Economic Belt,and puts forward four categories of strategies. The results showed that: (1) The strategic demands for ecological environmental protection in the Yangtze River Economic Belt are to shift from a single element,a single indicator,and some areas to a systematic protection and comprehensive restoration of water ecological environment. (2) The strategic objectives of ecological environmental protection are to shift from water environment quality improvement to water ecological environment security promotion. In the future,the goal will gradually turn to improving the ecological environment health. (3) The spatial control strategy needs to integrate multiple regional plans,and construct a unified division system of ecological environment spatial units in the Yangtze River Economic Belt with basin-region coordination,water-land integration,and mountain-sea unification. (4) The core of the industrial green development strategy is to strengthen prevention and control in related industries that affect the water ecological environment security. (5) The scientific and technological innovation strategy should highlight the role of research platforms to promote the collection and innovation of data,talents,technologies and achievements,and achieve the transformation of ecological environmental protection from investment-driven to technological innovation-driven. (6) The modern governance improvement strategy requires the Yangtze River Economic Belt to build a pilot demonstration belt of ecological civilization,take the lead in improving the system of ecological civilization,construct an ecological environment governance system and improve the capacity of ecological environment governance. According to the research,grasping the strategic demands and objectives of ecological environmental protection,implementing the strategies of spatial control, industrial green development, scientific and technological innovation, and modern governance improvement can more effectively support the in
发展长江经济带是国家区域协调发展的重大战略之一。要保护生态环境,走生态优先、绿色发展之路。当前,长江经济带经济增速有所放缓。产业结构不断优化。城市化已经处于快速发展的后期。长江经济带主要污染物排放强度持续下降。水环境质量明显改善,但水生态状况堪忧。生态环境质量持续稳定改善已进入关键时期。通过对社会经济和生态环境状况的研究,提出了长江经济带未来生态环境保护的战略需求和战略目标,并提出了四类战略。研究结果表明:(1)长江经济带生态环境保护的战略要求是从单一要素、单一指标、局部区域向系统保护和全面恢复水生态环境转变。(2) 生态环境保护的战略目标是从改善水环境质量转向促进水生态环境安全。未来,目标将逐步转向改善生态环境健康。(3) 空间控制战略需要整合多个区域规划,构建流域区域协调、水陆一体化、山海统一的长江经济带生态环境空间单元统一划分体系。(4) 工业绿色发展战略的核心是加强对影响水生态环境安全的相关行业的防控。(5) 科技创新战略应突出研究平台的作用,促进数据、人才、技术和成果的收集和创新,实现生态环境保护从投资驱动向技术创新驱动的转变。(6) 现代治理提升战略要求长江经济带建设生态文明先行示范带,率先完善生态文明体系,构建生态环境治理体系,提升生态环境治理能力。研究表明,把握生态环境保护的战略需求和目标,实施空间管控、产业绿色发展、科技创新、现代治理提升等战略,可以更有效地支撑长江经济带和长三角一体化发展。
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引用次数: 4
Ventilation Frequency and Duration of Chinese Population Opening Window during the COVID-19 Epidemic 新冠肺炎疫情期间中国人群开窗次数及持续时间
Q2 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2020-07-01 DOI: 10.13198/J.ISSN.1001-6929.2020.06.15
Fei Gao, Xiangyu Xu, Q. Guo, S. Cao, Jianing Wei, Bei-bei Wang, N. Qin, X. Duan
Confined spaces increase the chance of aerosol infection, and window ventilation plays an important role in reducing the risk of infection and maintaining the fresh air required for human health In order to analyze the window opening patterns of people in different regions during the COVID-19 outbreak, information on the frequency and duration of window ventilation and the demographic information were obtained through an electronic questionnaire survey, which surveyed 7784 subjects in 31 provinces in China The ventilation behavior of different population and the main influencing factors were then analyzed The results shows that: (1) During the COVID-19 epidemic, 99 7% of the subjects opened windows for ventilation;Among them, 69 2% of the subjects had more than two times of daily ventilation, and 38 2% had more than three times of daily ventilation, indicating a significant difference in ventilation frequency between different groups (2) The daily ventilation duration of residents in each region was in the range of 93-126 min, and the ventilation duration for residents in the affected areas was longer Compared with the non-epidemic period, the ventilation time of residents in all regions decreased significantly during the epidemic period (3) The influencing factors of ventilation behavior of Chinese population during the epidemic mainly included the epidemic related factors and non-epidemic related factors Among them, the epidemic related factors included control measures in the community and the distribution of hospitals around the community The ventilation frequency was higher for the population, who resided in communities with epidemic control measures and nearby designated hospitals The non-epidemic related factors included the type of dwelling, floor and ambient temperature Compared with the units or apartments, the ventilation frequency of people living in bungalows was higher than those living in units or apartments (4) Residents living in the middle floor of a flat or apartment building had the longest ventilation time, while those living on the lower floor had the shortest ventilation time The window ventilation frequency and duration were positively correlated with the ambient temperature, that is, the ventilation frequency and duration of residents in areas with higher ambient temperature were higher than those in areas with lower ambient temperature This study indicates that 99 7% of the residents had window ventilation behavior, and the daily ventilation time in various regions was in the range of 93-126 min during the COVID-19 epidemic, which was shorter than that during the non-epidemic period © 2020, Editorial Board, Research of Environmental Sciences All right reserved
密闭空间增加了气溶胶感染的机会,窗户通风在降低感染风险和保持人类健康所需的新鲜空气方面发挥着重要作用。为了分析新冠肺炎爆发期间不同地区人们的窗户打开模式,通过对我国31个省份7784名受试者进行电子问卷调查,了解开窗通风的频率、持续时间和人口统计学信息,分析不同人群的通风行为及其主要影响因素,99.7%的受试者开窗通风;其中,69.2%的受试者有两次以上的日通气量,38.2%的受测者有三次以上的每日通气量,表明不同组之间的通气频率存在显著差异(2)每个地区居民的日通气持续时间在93-126min范围内,与非疫情期间相比,疫情期间各地区居民的通风时间均显著减少(3)疫情期间中国人口通风行为的影响因素主要包括疫情相关因素和非疫情相关因素,与疫情相关的因素包括社区的控制措施和社区周围医院的分布。居住在有疫情控制措施的社区和附近指定医院的人群通风频率较高,楼层和环境温度与单元或公寓相比,居住在平房中的人的通风频率高于居住在单元或公寓中的人(4)居住在公寓或公寓楼中间楼层的居民通风时间最长,而居住在较低楼层的人通风时间最短。窗户通风频率和持续时间与环境温度呈正相关,环境温度较高地区居民的通风频率和持续时间高于环境温度较低地区。研究表明,在新冠肺炎流行期间,99.7%的居民有开窗通风行为,各地区的每日通风时间在93-126min之间,比非疫情期间更短©2020,《环境科学研究》编委会保留所有权利
{"title":"Ventilation Frequency and Duration of Chinese Population Opening Window during the COVID-19 Epidemic","authors":"Fei Gao, Xiangyu Xu, Q. Guo, S. Cao, Jianing Wei, Bei-bei Wang, N. Qin, X. Duan","doi":"10.13198/J.ISSN.1001-6929.2020.06.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13198/J.ISSN.1001-6929.2020.06.15","url":null,"abstract":"Confined spaces increase the chance of aerosol infection, and window ventilation plays an important role in reducing the risk of infection and maintaining the fresh air required for human health In order to analyze the window opening patterns of people in different regions during the COVID-19 outbreak, information on the frequency and duration of window ventilation and the demographic information were obtained through an electronic questionnaire survey, which surveyed 7784 subjects in 31 provinces in China The ventilation behavior of different population and the main influencing factors were then analyzed The results shows that: (1) During the COVID-19 epidemic, 99 7% of the subjects opened windows for ventilation;Among them, 69 2% of the subjects had more than two times of daily ventilation, and 38 2% had more than three times of daily ventilation, indicating a significant difference in ventilation frequency between different groups (2) The daily ventilation duration of residents in each region was in the range of 93-126 min, and the ventilation duration for residents in the affected areas was longer Compared with the non-epidemic period, the ventilation time of residents in all regions decreased significantly during the epidemic period (3) The influencing factors of ventilation behavior of Chinese population during the epidemic mainly included the epidemic related factors and non-epidemic related factors Among them, the epidemic related factors included control measures in the community and the distribution of hospitals around the community The ventilation frequency was higher for the population, who resided in communities with epidemic control measures and nearby designated hospitals The non-epidemic related factors included the type of dwelling, floor and ambient temperature Compared with the units or apartments, the ventilation frequency of people living in bungalows was higher than those living in units or apartments (4) Residents living in the middle floor of a flat or apartment building had the longest ventilation time, while those living on the lower floor had the shortest ventilation time The window ventilation frequency and duration were positively correlated with the ambient temperature, that is, the ventilation frequency and duration of residents in areas with higher ambient temperature were higher than those in areas with lower ambient temperature This study indicates that 99 7% of the residents had window ventilation behavior, and the daily ventilation time in various regions was in the range of 93-126 min during the COVID-19 epidemic, which was shorter than that during the non-epidemic period © 2020, Editorial Board, Research of Environmental Sciences All right reserved","PeriodicalId":21108,"journal":{"name":"环境科学研究","volume":"33 1","pages":"1668-1674"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46595595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Protective Behavior of Chinese Population Wearing Masks during the COVID-19 Epidemic 新冠肺炎疫情期间中国人群戴口罩的防护行为
Q2 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2020-07-01 DOI: 10.13198/J.ISSN.1001-6929.2020.06.18
S. Cao, D. Wen, Xing Chen, Jianing Wei, Bei-bei Wang, N. Qin, X. Duan
As a physical means to block virus infection, masks can stop the spread of pathogens through droplets, and have a two-way protection Wearing masks is of great significant for the public to prevent the risk of novel coronavirus infection and maintain basic human health In order to find out the mask wearing behavior of Chinese residents during the COVID-19 epidemic, this study analyzed the behavioral characteristics of residents wearing masks in China's 31 provinces, and discussed the differences of the behavior of wearing masks of the groups in various potential infection risk on the basis of the survey on environmental exposure behavior patterns of Chinese population during COVID-19 epidemic The results show that: (1) During the COVID-19 epidemic, more than 99% of Chinese people wore masks outside their homes, which was significantly higher than that of non-epidemic period (16 05%);the highest proportion (100%) was the medical staff and the group who had extensive contact with people (2) Residents mainly had three main patterns to wear masks, i e , only surgical masks, only disposable surgical masks, and only surgical masks and disposable surgical masks, accounting for more than 60% of a total 31 mask wearing patterns (3) During the COVID-19 epidemic, there were significant differences in the proportion of wearing masks among different occupational groups, people belonging to different groups and people in different epidemical areas (4) During the COVID-19 epidemic, the replacement frequency of masks worn by Chinese residents was usually 4 and 24 hours, respectively (5) The proportion of people wearing masks outside was positively correlated with the severity of the COVID-19 epidemic Although there were differences of the epidemic distribution characteristics and control measures in different places, the proportion of residents wearing masks is high Specifically, the proportion of people wearing masks in their living areas with no suspected cases was higher than that with suspected cases, indicating that there may be a certain interaction between the behavior of wearing masks and changes in epidemics This study indicates that during the prevention and control of the COVID-19 epidemic, the mask wearing behavior of Chinese people was generally good © 2020, Editorial Board, Research of Environmental Sciences All right reserved
口罩作为阻断病毒感染的物理手段,可以阻止病原体通过飞沫传播,并具有双向保护。戴口罩对公众预防新型冠状病毒感染风险和维护人类基本健康具有重要意义。为了了解新冠肺炎疫情期间中国居民的戴口罩行为,本研究在新冠肺炎疫情期间中国人群环境暴露行为模式调查的基础上,分析了中国31个省份居民戴口罩行为特征,探讨了不同潜在感染风险群体戴口罩行为的差异,99%以上的中国人在家门口戴口罩,这一比例明显高于非疫情时期(1605%);比例最高(100%)的是医护人员和与人有广泛接触的群体(2)居民主要有三种主要的口罩佩戴模式,即仅外科口罩、仅一次性外科口罩以及仅外科口罩和一次性外科口罩,占31种口罩佩戴模式的60%以上(3)新冠肺炎疫情期间,不同职业群体、不同人群、不同流行地区人群佩戴口罩的比例存在显著差异(4)新冠肺炎疫情期间,中国居民佩戴口罩的更换频率通常为4和24小时,(5)外出佩戴口罩的人群比例与新冠肺炎疫情严重程度呈正相关虽然各地疫情分布特征和控制措施存在差异,但居民佩戴口罩的比例较高,生活区无疑似病例人群戴口罩比例高于有疑似病例人群,表明戴口罩行为与疫情变化之间可能存在一定的互动关系本研究表明,在新冠肺炎疫情防控期间,中国人戴口罩行为总体良好©2020,《环境科学研究》编委会版权所有
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引用次数: 3
Investigation on and Protective Measures and Exposure Risks for the People Related to Medical Waste Disposal during the COVID-19 Epidemic 新冠肺炎疫情期间医疗废物处置人员接触风险调查及防护措施
Q2 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2020-07-01 DOI: 10.13198/J.ISSN.1001-6929.2020.06.06
Fangyuan Zheng, Xiangyu Xu, S. Cao, X. Duan, Jin Ma, Xiao-Lin Zhao, Jian Xu, Fengchang Wu
During the COVID-19, the production of medical waste increased sharply, which brought a challenge to the capacity of China's medical waste disposal and the protection of the group that received, transported and disposed of medical waste In order to study the potential risks and protection measures against exposure for the workers in the collection, transportation, temporary storage, and disposal of medical waste, ninety staff members from a typical medical waste disposal center in Zhejiang Province were selected as the research objects to study the personal protection level of staff in different types of work, as well as the influence of items or locations at risk of infection on their choice of protective measures The results show that among the 90 surveyed people, 98 9% of the staff wore medical respirators or full-face masks and half-masks during the work, 87 5% of the staff wore work clothes, 79 6% of the staff wore labor protection cap, 64 8% of workers chose to wear rubber gloves and protective boots for protection, and goggles (55 7%) and protective clothing (33 0%) were also worn when they were closely contact with medical waste At the end of a single task, 100% of the respondents chose to wash their hands with running water, soap, quick disinfectant or 0 3%-0 5% iodophor disinfectant or bathe, and 94 3% of the respondents disinfected their personal work items;all respondents would take protective measures such as washing hands, disinfecting items, ventilating after returning home The personal protection measures taken by different staff were mainly related to the items or locations that were exposed to risk of infection during the work process Among them, the staff who were in contact with high-risk items, turnover containers (barrels) or the outer surface and inner wall of disposable packaging containers were more inclined to a higher level of protective measures This research indicates that there is a significant difference between the qualified rate of protection and the type of work for the staff in this survey (P0 05) In the future, more detailed and specific policies and regulations should be formulated, and the management and training of the employees should be strengthened to increase their awareness of prevention and reduce the risk of occupational exposure © 2020, Editorial Board, Research of Environmental Sciences All right reserved
新冠肺炎期间,医疗废物的生产急剧增加,这对中国医疗废物处理能力和接收、运输和处置医疗废物群体的保护提出了挑战,选择浙江省某典型医疗废物处理中心的90名工作人员作为研究对象,研究不同工种工作人员的个人防护水平,以及感染风险项目或地点对其防护措施选择的影响,98.9%的员工在工作期间佩戴医用呼吸器或全面罩和半面罩,87.5%的员工穿着工作服,79.6%的员工佩戴劳动防护帽,64.8%的员工选择佩戴橡胶手套和防护靴进行防护,与医疗废物密切接触时也佩戴护目镜(55.7%)和防护服(33.0%)。在单个任务结束时,100%的受访者选择用自来水、肥皂、快速消毒剂或0.03%-0.5%碘伏消毒剂洗手或洗澡,94.3%的受访者对个人工作物品进行消毒;所有受访者回家后都会采取洗手、消毒物品、通风等防护措施。不同员工采取的个人防护措施主要与工作过程中接触到感染风险的物品或地点有关,周转容器(桶)或一次性包装容器的外表面和内壁更倾向于采取更高级别的防护措施。研究表明,本次调查中工作人员的防护合格率与工作类型之间存在显著差异(P0 05)。未来,应制定更详细、更具体的政策法规,并加强对员工的管理和培训,以提高他们的预防意识,降低职业暴露风险©2020,《环境科学研究》编委会保留所有权利
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引用次数: 0
Transportation Activity Patterns of Chinese Population during the COVID-19 Epidemic 新冠肺炎疫情期间中国人口交通活动模式研究
Q2 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2020-07-01 DOI: 10.13198/J.ISSN.1001-6929.2020.06.16
Nan Jiang, Sai Li, S. Cao, Jianing Wei, Bei-bei Wang, N. Qin, X. Duan
In order to understand the travel frequency and transportation modes of the Chinese population during the COVID-19 epidemic, the travel information of 8330 residents in 31 provinces from February 25th to March 14th, 2020 was collected, and the factors influencing the travel frequency and transportation mode were analyzed According to the severity of the epidemic, 31 provinces were classified, and the difference in residents' transportation modes under different grades were analyzed and compared with those in non-epidemic periods The results show that: (1) During the COVID-19 epidemic, 75 1% of people had travel activities, among which 5 5% took several trips per day and 17 6% took fewer than one trip per week Public transportation and taxi with higher risk of infection were chosen by 6 3% and 4 0% of the population, respectively (2) The travel frequency and transportation modes of Chinese residents during the COVID-19 outbreak may be affected by demographic variables, such as gender, age, urban and rural areas, regions, local or nearby suspected/confirmed cases, and the severity of the epidemic in the provinces The travel frequency and transportation modes of people in some provinces such as Tibet Autonomous Region and Qinghai Province were less affected by the epidemic, while the travel frequency and transportation modes of residents in Hubei Province changed the most compared with the non-epidemic period (3) During the COVID-19 epidemic, the proportion of Chinese residents who chose to walk and travel by car (taxi and private car) was much higher than during the non-epidemic period, while the proportion of people who chose public transportation and bicycles or electric bicycle was lower than during the non-epidemic period This study found that the travel frequency and transportation modes of the Chinese population changed dramatically due to the COVID-19 epidemic © 2020, Editorial Board, Research of Environmental Sciences All right reserved
为了解新冠肺炎疫情期间中国人口的出行频率和出行方式,收集了2020年2月25日至3月14日31个省份8330名居民的出行信息,分析了影响出行频率和出行方式的因素。分析不同等级下居民出行方式的差异,并与非疫情期进行比较。结果表明:(1) COVID-19流行期间,75 1%的人旅行活动,其中5 5%每天几次,17 6%每周少于一次的感染风险较高的公共交通和出租车选择了6 3%和4 0%的人口,分别为(2)中国居民的出行频率和交通模式在COVID-19疫情可能会影响到人口统计变量,如性别、年龄、城乡、地区、部分省份(如西藏自治区、青海省)人员出行频率和交通方式受疫情影响较小,而湖北省居民出行频率和交通方式与非疫情期相比变化最大。中国居民选择步行和汽车(出租车和私家车)出行的比例远高于非疫情期间,而选择公共交通和自行车或电动自行车的比例低于非疫情期间。研究发现,由于COVID-19疫情,中国人口的出行频率和交通方式发生了巨大变化©2020,编辑委员会,环境科学研究版权所有
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引用次数: 16
序言 《环境科学研究》新冠肺炎疫情与生态环境研究专刊 序言 《环境科学研究》新冠肺炎疫情与生态环境研究专刊
Q2 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2020-07-01 DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.7102351697
吴 丰昌
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引用次数: 0
Preliminary Study on Environmental and Climatic Characteristics of Historical Infectious Diseases and Some Thoughts of COVID-19 历史传染病环境气候特征初探及对新冠肺炎疫情的几点思考
Q2 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2020-07-01 DOI: 10.13198/J.ISSN.1001-6929.2020.05.46
Ying Wang, Dingyuan Liang, Yao Li, Zhang Haowen, W. Fan, Fengchang Wu
The outbreak and pandemic of COVID-19 pose a serious threat to the safety of human society and examine the ability of public health care resources around the world to deal with the large sudden infectious diseases A review on the environmental and climatic characteristics related to historical infectious diseases will shed immediate light on the scientific research and control of COVID-19 Our results show that: (1) Historically, outbreaks of human-to-human coronavirus and orthomyxoviridae infectious diseases mainly occurred in the subtropical monsoon climate of the northern hemisphere in the winter and spring, while the outbreaks of flaviridae infectious diseases mostly occurred in tropical regions in hot and rainy summer and autumn (2) Global warming and extreme weather may exacerbate the outbreak and spread of infectious diseases (3) The impact of human activities on the ecosystem balance forces the habitat migration of virus hosts and the aggregation of different virus hosts, increasing the probability of virus mutation and the risk of infectious disease outbreaks The lessons from historical outbreak of infectious diseases suggest that suitable climate factors might be conducive to the outbreak and epidemics, while the outbreaks in tropical countries also indicate that it is necessary to scrutinize the roles of climate, environmental conditions and ecological factors in the global wave of COVID-19 Our study provides some useful insights for the prevention and control of COVID-19 plague and other potential pandemics in the future © 2020, Editorial Board, Research of Environmental Sciences All right reserved
新冠肺炎疫情的爆发和大流行对人类社会安全构成严重威胁,也考验着全球公共卫生资源应对大型突发性传染病的能力。回顾历史传染病相关的环境和气候特征,将对新冠肺炎疫情的科学研究和控制起到直接的指导作用。(1)历史上人与人之间的冠状病毒和正粘病毒科传染病暴发主要发生在北半球亚热带季风气候的冬春季节;而黄病毒科传染病的暴发多发生在炎热多雨的夏季和秋季的热带地区(2)全球变暖和极端天气可能加剧传染病的暴发和传播(3)人类活动对生态系统平衡的影响迫使病毒宿主的栖息地迁移和不同病毒宿主的聚集;历史上传染病爆发的教训表明,适当的气候因素可能有利于爆发和流行,而热带国家的爆发也表明,有必要仔细审查气候的作用。我们的研究为未来疫情防控提供了一些有用的见解©2020,编委会,《环境科学研究》版权所有
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引用次数: 2
Epidemic Situation, Prevention, Control of Influenza A and Its Enlightenment for COVID-19 甲型流感疫情、防控及对新冠肺炎疫情的启示
Q2 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2020-07-01 DOI: 10.13198/J.ISSN.1001-6929.2020.06.12
Yao Li, Dingyuan Liang, Yunsong Mu, Jin Ma, Jiang Chang, Ying Wang
COVID-19 has become a global epidemic, posing an unpredictable threat to human health In this study, we addressed the epidemic characteristics, driving factors, prevention and control measures of influenza A, a more common epidemic In addition, we reviewed the global efforts on how to prevent and control influenza effectively and related scientific research achievements, which aims to provide experience and suggestions for the prevention and control of COVID-19 The results show that: (1) Influenza A is a seasonal epidemic, affected by climatic, social political, cultural factors and others It is more contagious in low-temperature, low-humidity, densely populated environment (2) The prevention and control of influenza A mainly includes seasonal influenza virus surveillance, influenza virus ecological studies, broad-spectrum neutralizing antibodies and universal vaccines, as well as the etiological assessment of influenza pandemic risk Seasonal influenza virus surveillance is the core of public health policy formulation and follow-up scientific research (3) Similar to influenza A, the prevalence of COVID-19 is affected by climate factors such as temperature, as well as social, political, cultural and other factors, which needs to draw the lessons from the mature experience, technologies and platforms of influenza The combination of multiple actions, such as strengthening virus surveillance, conducting further research on virus ecology and etiological risk assessment and drug discovery is essential for early warning and prediction of the possible secondary wave of epidemics in the future Our study will provide direct inspiration for the prevention, control, prediction and early warning of COVID-19 and other epidemics in the future © 2020, Editorial Board, Research of Environmental Sciences All right reserved
新冠肺炎已成为一种全球性流行病,对人类健康构成了不可预测的威胁。本研究探讨了更常见的甲型流感的流行特征、驱动因素、防控措施,研究结果表明:(1)甲型流感是一种受气候、社会政治、文化等因素影响的季节性流行性疾病,在低温、低湿、,人口密集环境(2)甲型流感的防控主要包括季节性流感病毒监测、流感病毒生态学研究、广谱中和抗体和通用疫苗,以及流感大流行风险的病原学评估季节性流感病毒监测是公共卫生政策制定和后续科学研究的核心(3)与甲型流感类似,新冠肺炎的流行受温度等气候因素以及社会、政治、文化等因素的影响,需要借鉴流感的成熟经验、技术和平台。加强病毒监测等多种行动相结合,对病毒生态学和病原学风险评估以及药物发现进行进一步研究对于未来可能出现的第二波疫情的预警和预测至关重要。我们的研究将为未来新冠肺炎等疫情的预防、控制、预测和预警提供直接启示©2020,编委会,环境科学研究
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引用次数: 0
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环境科学研究
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