Pub Date : 2021-10-06DOI: 10.1109/RFID-TA53372.2021.9617242
R. Arya, A. Anand, Ayush Yadav, Akshat Gururani, Maxon Okramcha, M. Tripathy
A compact fractal reader antenna working at 2.45 GHz for RFID applications is proposed. The proposed antenna is designed on an economical FR-4 substrate with relative permittivity of 4.4 and a thickness of 1.6 mm. The antenna works in the frequency range of 2.4 GHz to 2.65 GHz and has a peak gain of 2 dBi with a size of 30mm $times 20$ mm $times 1.6$ mm. The antenna is designed and characterized in the commercial full-wave simulator, Ansys HFSS, to check the validity of the design approach.
{"title":"Compact Fractal Reader Antenna for RFID Applications","authors":"R. Arya, A. Anand, Ayush Yadav, Akshat Gururani, Maxon Okramcha, M. Tripathy","doi":"10.1109/RFID-TA53372.2021.9617242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RFID-TA53372.2021.9617242","url":null,"abstract":"A compact fractal reader antenna working at 2.45 GHz for RFID applications is proposed. The proposed antenna is designed on an economical FR-4 substrate with relative permittivity of 4.4 and a thickness of 1.6 mm. The antenna works in the frequency range of 2.4 GHz to 2.65 GHz and has a peak gain of 2 dBi with a size of 30mm $times 20$ mm $times 1.6$ mm. The antenna is designed and characterized in the commercial full-wave simulator, Ansys HFSS, to check the validity of the design approach.","PeriodicalId":212607,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on RFID Technology and Applications (RFID-TA)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130496591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-06DOI: 10.1109/RFID-TA53372.2021.9617403
D. Allane, Y. Duroc, S. Tedjini
This paper presents the impact of the non-linear behavior of UHF RFID chips on the backscatter radiated signals by commercial RFID tags. In particular we analyze and quantify the power level of the third harmonic backscattered signals by the tags. The study shows the presence of a third harmonic signal for all tested UHF RFID tags, including tags equipped with the most recent chips. The measurement shows that the level of the radiated third harmonic signals is strong enough to be detected and potentially processed. In addition, if the radiated power of the third harmonic signal varies from one tag to another having the same chip and different antennas, this variation is minor considering identical tags.
{"title":"Characterization of Harmonic Signals Backscattered by Conventional UHF RFID Tags","authors":"D. Allane, Y. Duroc, S. Tedjini","doi":"10.1109/RFID-TA53372.2021.9617403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RFID-TA53372.2021.9617403","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the impact of the non-linear behavior of UHF RFID chips on the backscatter radiated signals by commercial RFID tags. In particular we analyze and quantify the power level of the third harmonic backscattered signals by the tags. The study shows the presence of a third harmonic signal for all tested UHF RFID tags, including tags equipped with the most recent chips. The measurement shows that the level of the radiated third harmonic signals is strong enough to be detected and potentially processed. In addition, if the radiated power of the third harmonic signal varies from one tag to another having the same chip and different antennas, this variation is minor considering identical tags.","PeriodicalId":212607,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on RFID Technology and Applications (RFID-TA)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130634401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-06DOI: 10.1109/RFID-TA53372.2021.9617446
M. Wagih, Anand Savanth, Sahan Gamage, A. Weddell, S. Beeby
Radio Frequency (RF) power transfer is an enabling technology of RFID systems. CMOS RF rectifiers enable miniaturization and improved integration with full systems. For certain applications, rectifiers may need to be deployed in high or low temperature environments, which can affect their power conversion efficiency (PCE). This work presents the design of a high efficiency 915 MHz CMOS Dickson charge-pump in a 2S nm FDSOI process, and investigates antenna-based impedance matching as a method of maximizing the PCE for different temperatures and CMOS process variations. With a co-designed antenna, the proposed rectifier achieves $ 5.4times $ higher PCE compared to simple inductive-matching at -20dBm. The PCE is then analyzed for CMOS process and temperature variations. It is shown that the rectifier can maintain 94% of its peak PCE at -15dBm at -10°C through input-impedance matching. The proposed rectifier and matching technique achieves the highest PCE compared to state-of-the-art Dickson multipliers, while having the smallest die area.
{"title":"CMOS UHF RFID Rectifier Design and Matching: an Analysis of Process and Temperature Variations","authors":"M. Wagih, Anand Savanth, Sahan Gamage, A. Weddell, S. Beeby","doi":"10.1109/RFID-TA53372.2021.9617446","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RFID-TA53372.2021.9617446","url":null,"abstract":"Radio Frequency (RF) power transfer is an enabling technology of RFID systems. CMOS RF rectifiers enable miniaturization and improved integration with full systems. For certain applications, rectifiers may need to be deployed in high or low temperature environments, which can affect their power conversion efficiency (PCE). This work presents the design of a high efficiency 915 MHz CMOS Dickson charge-pump in a 2S nm FDSOI process, and investigates antenna-based impedance matching as a method of maximizing the PCE for different temperatures and CMOS process variations. With a co-designed antenna, the proposed rectifier achieves $ 5.4times $ higher PCE compared to simple inductive-matching at -20dBm. The PCE is then analyzed for CMOS process and temperature variations. It is shown that the rectifier can maintain 94% of its peak PCE at -15dBm at -10°C through input-impedance matching. The proposed rectifier and matching technique achieves the highest PCE compared to state-of-the-art Dickson multipliers, while having the smallest die area.","PeriodicalId":212607,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on RFID Technology and Applications (RFID-TA)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133810953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-06DOI: 10.1109/RFID-TA53372.2021.9617325
W. Lai
This article introduces RF wireless integrated transmitter for 5.8 GHz communication and RFID applications. The proposed wireless integrated transmitter consists of two-stage class A CMOS power amplifier (PA) with bandgap voltage reference (BGR) bias, pre-distorter, folded-cascode mixer with balun, differential cross-coupled Colpitts quadrature voltage-controlled oscillator (QVCO), band-pass Gm-C filter and antenna design. The presented PA design presents input/ output return loss of 14dB/23dB, conversion gain of 15.5dB, the output 1-dB compression point (OP$_{1dB}$) of 16.5dBm, two tone test / output 3$^{rd}$ order intercept point (OIP3) of 25.8dBm and power added efficiency (PAE) higher than 23%, respectively. The implemented integrated transmitter using 0.18um CMOS technology with antenna has experimental at anechoic chamber.
{"title":"Two-Stage Class-A Power Amplifier with RF Frontend for Transmitter Wireless Applications","authors":"W. Lai","doi":"10.1109/RFID-TA53372.2021.9617325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RFID-TA53372.2021.9617325","url":null,"abstract":"This article introduces RF wireless integrated transmitter for 5.8 GHz communication and RFID applications. The proposed wireless integrated transmitter consists of two-stage class A CMOS power amplifier (PA) with bandgap voltage reference (BGR) bias, pre-distorter, folded-cascode mixer with balun, differential cross-coupled Colpitts quadrature voltage-controlled oscillator (QVCO), band-pass Gm-C filter and antenna design. The presented PA design presents input/ output return loss of 14dB/23dB, conversion gain of 15.5dB, the output 1-dB compression point (OP$_{1dB}$) of 16.5dBm, two tone test / output 3$^{rd}$ order intercept point (OIP3) of 25.8dBm and power added efficiency (PAE) higher than 23%, respectively. The implemented integrated transmitter using 0.18um CMOS technology with antenna has experimental at anechoic chamber.","PeriodicalId":212607,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on RFID Technology and Applications (RFID-TA)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115548588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-06DOI: 10.1109/RFID-TA53372.2021.9617342
Wei Sun
Commodity passive RFID system has been widely used for sensing, localization, gesture recognition and tracking due to its low cost and ubiquity. However, the orientation of RFID tag’s body to the reader’s directional antenna could significantly affect the sensing performance. In this paper, we will theoretically analyse the impact of orientation in RFID-based sensing. Then, we will propose a signal ratio based algorithm to mitigate the impact of orientation in RFID-based sensing.
{"title":"Orientation-Aware RFID-Based Sensing","authors":"Wei Sun","doi":"10.1109/RFID-TA53372.2021.9617342","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RFID-TA53372.2021.9617342","url":null,"abstract":"Commodity passive RFID system has been widely used for sensing, localization, gesture recognition and tracking due to its low cost and ubiquity. However, the orientation of RFID tag’s body to the reader’s directional antenna could significantly affect the sensing performance. In this paper, we will theoretically analyse the impact of orientation in RFID-based sensing. Then, we will propose a signal ratio based algorithm to mitigate the impact of orientation in RFID-based sensing.","PeriodicalId":212607,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on RFID Technology and Applications (RFID-TA)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124855002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-06DOI: 10.1109/RFID-TA53372.2021.9617264
Ch. Suneel Kumar, S. R. Patre
In this paper, two array configurations of chipless RFID sensor tags are proposed for the detection of crack on a large metallic surface. A single sensor tag contains compass-shaped and a pair of L-shaped resonators. The metallic object under observation is identified by resonant frequencies of L-shaped resonators and crack on metallic object is observed by shift in resonant frequency of compass-shaped resonator. The unit cell tag provides read range of 120 cm and sensitivity of around 75 MHz/mm for 6 cm wide square-shaped surface. However, its performance degrades for larger surface. Therefore, a $3 times 3$ array of sensor tag is proposed for larger surface area. The $3 times 3$ array configuration can detect crack but can’t identify crack location due to the identical elements. To resolve the issue an idea of series array having five rectangular resonators with non-identical dimensions hence multiple resonant frequencies is presented. It helps to identify presence and position of crack on relatively large metallic surface.
{"title":"Array of chipless RFID sensor tag for wireless detection of crack on large metallic surface","authors":"Ch. Suneel Kumar, S. R. Patre","doi":"10.1109/RFID-TA53372.2021.9617264","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RFID-TA53372.2021.9617264","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, two array configurations of chipless RFID sensor tags are proposed for the detection of crack on a large metallic surface. A single sensor tag contains compass-shaped and a pair of L-shaped resonators. The metallic object under observation is identified by resonant frequencies of L-shaped resonators and crack on metallic object is observed by shift in resonant frequency of compass-shaped resonator. The unit cell tag provides read range of 120 cm and sensitivity of around 75 MHz/mm for 6 cm wide square-shaped surface. However, its performance degrades for larger surface. Therefore, a $3 times 3$ array of sensor tag is proposed for larger surface area. The $3 times 3$ array configuration can detect crack but can’t identify crack location due to the identical elements. To resolve the issue an idea of series array having five rectangular resonators with non-identical dimensions hence multiple resonant frequencies is presented. It helps to identify presence and position of crack on relatively large metallic surface.","PeriodicalId":212607,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on RFID Technology and Applications (RFID-TA)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129346953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-06DOI: 10.1109/RFID-TA53372.2021.9617408
Aarti Bansal, R. Khanna, Surbhi Sharma
Tracking and monitoring workers in large job sites is a difficult job. Therefore, RFID technology may be the solution to reduce down the time to monitor the workers and obtain the related information. UHF RFID technology has the advantage of reading from a farther distance beside the provision to store information about the tagged worker offering a better reliable solution for their traceability and safety. Here, a UHF RFID tag antenna is proposed to develop an “IoT enabled RFID system” for the monitoring of workers. The designed tag has a simple structure and does not require any metallic vias. The proposed tag exhibits a perfect conjugate match to that of the integrated Higgs-4 chip in the European band. The tag is first designed for free space and then optimized to work on a worker’s helmet with a read range of 4.6 meters.
{"title":"UHF-RFID Tag Design for Improved Traceability Solution for workers' safety at Risky Job sites","authors":"Aarti Bansal, R. Khanna, Surbhi Sharma","doi":"10.1109/RFID-TA53372.2021.9617408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RFID-TA53372.2021.9617408","url":null,"abstract":"Tracking and monitoring workers in large job sites is a difficult job. Therefore, RFID technology may be the solution to reduce down the time to monitor the workers and obtain the related information. UHF RFID technology has the advantage of reading from a farther distance beside the provision to store information about the tagged worker offering a better reliable solution for their traceability and safety. Here, a UHF RFID tag antenna is proposed to develop an “IoT enabled RFID system” for the monitoring of workers. The designed tag has a simple structure and does not require any metallic vias. The proposed tag exhibits a perfect conjugate match to that of the integrated Higgs-4 chip in the European band. The tag is first designed for free space and then optimized to work on a worker’s helmet with a read range of 4.6 meters.","PeriodicalId":212607,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on RFID Technology and Applications (RFID-TA)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127296715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-06DOI: 10.1109/RFID-TA53372.2021.9617305
G. M. Bianco, N. Panunzio, G. Marrocco
The last two years were strongly shaped by the COVID-19 pandemic and the social distancing countermeasures. The worldwide research changed as well, focusing on the problems created or exacerbated by the novel coronavirus. The Pervasive Electromagnetics Lab of the Tor Vergata University of Rome with a great engagement of several medical engineering students focused on applying sensor-oriented RFID to improve personal safety. In particular, the sensorization of the filtering facepiece respirators (FFRs) was one of the COVID-inspired research topics. FFRs integrating RFID-based sensors were designed and tested. In this contribution, the most significant results achieved are summarized regarding humidity-sensing and cough-monitoring FFRs.
{"title":"RFID Research Against COVID-19 – Sensorized Face Masks","authors":"G. M. Bianco, N. Panunzio, G. Marrocco","doi":"10.1109/RFID-TA53372.2021.9617305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RFID-TA53372.2021.9617305","url":null,"abstract":"The last two years were strongly shaped by the COVID-19 pandemic and the social distancing countermeasures. The worldwide research changed as well, focusing on the problems created or exacerbated by the novel coronavirus. The Pervasive Electromagnetics Lab of the Tor Vergata University of Rome with a great engagement of several medical engineering students focused on applying sensor-oriented RFID to improve personal safety. In particular, the sensorization of the filtering facepiece respirators (FFRs) was one of the COVID-inspired research topics. FFRs integrating RFID-based sensors were designed and tested. In this contribution, the most significant results achieved are summarized regarding humidity-sensing and cough-monitoring FFRs.","PeriodicalId":212607,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on RFID Technology and Applications (RFID-TA)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129778535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-06DOI: 10.1109/RFID-TA53372.2021.9617444
{"title":"RFID-TA 2021 Best Student Paper Award","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/RFID-TA53372.2021.9617444","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RFID-TA53372.2021.9617444","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":212607,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on RFID Technology and Applications (RFID-TA)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130846464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-06DOI: 10.1109/RFID-TA53372.2021.9617399
Prashant Chaudhary, Avanish Yadav, Ashwani Kumar, Kamlesh Patel, R. Arya, Maifuz Ali
This paper presents a MIMO antenna using two elements in the shape of a ring with a rectangular stub for RFID applications. The proposed MIMO antenna is multiband with center frequencies at 2.45GHz, 3.5GHz, and 5.4GHz. Mutual coupling between the two antenna elements is improved by placing a U-type resonator. The isolation between the antenna elements is more than -15 dB on these three frequency bands. The diversity gain is 10dB, while the ECC is less than 0.05. The antenna is fabricated on a low-cost substrate, FR4, and its dimensions are $31 times 31 times 0.8$ mm3.
{"title":"Ring with Rectangular StubMIMO Antenna for RFID Applications","authors":"Prashant Chaudhary, Avanish Yadav, Ashwani Kumar, Kamlesh Patel, R. Arya, Maifuz Ali","doi":"10.1109/RFID-TA53372.2021.9617399","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RFID-TA53372.2021.9617399","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a MIMO antenna using two elements in the shape of a ring with a rectangular stub for RFID applications. The proposed MIMO antenna is multiband with center frequencies at 2.45GHz, 3.5GHz, and 5.4GHz. Mutual coupling between the two antenna elements is improved by placing a U-type resonator. The isolation between the antenna elements is more than -15 dB on these three frequency bands. The diversity gain is 10dB, while the ECC is less than 0.05. The antenna is fabricated on a low-cost substrate, FR4, and its dimensions are $31 times 31 times 0.8$ mm3.","PeriodicalId":212607,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on RFID Technology and Applications (RFID-TA)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127837167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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