Revista Iberoamericana De Micologia最新文献_第3页

Impact of current clinical guidelines on the management of invasive fungal disease 当前临床指南对侵袭性真菌疾病管理的影响。

IF 1.5 4区生物学 Q4 MYCOLOGY

Revista Iberoamericana De Micologia

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.riam.2025.02.002

Santiago de Cossio Tejido , Miguel Salavert Lletí

Isavuconazole is a new broad-spectrum antifungal triazole with a better safety profile in terms of drug–drug interactions, adverse effects, and tolerance compared to other azoles. Increasing evidence supports the usefulness of isavuconazole in the treatment of invasive fungal diseases. In this review, we aim to analyze the influence of this new evidence on the main clinical guidelines. We reviewed the most recent consensus guidelines issued by the major infectious diseases societies worldwide, focusing on the novelties regarding the recommendations for the use of isavuconazole in different invasive fungal infections and management strategies.

Isavuconazole has been included as first-line therapy for invasive aspergillosis, with slight differences in preference for voriconazole or isavuconazole depending on the clinical scenario. In mucormycosis, isavuconazole is considered an alternative first-line therapy to liposomal amphotericin B, especially in those patients with underlying renal impairment. Additionally, the use of isavuconazole is suggested in salvage scenario for both conditions, and the combination with other mold-active drugs is considered. The guidelines report the promising results obtained with the use of this drug for treating mycoses caused by other molds and rare yeasts, as well as endemic mycoses, but since solid evidence is still lacking, the recommendations in this area are generally weak.

Isavuconazole is a suitable therapeutic option for invasive fungal infections, offering efficacy against a range of pathogens, including Aspergillus and fungi within the order Mucorales. Its safety profile and its favorable drug interaction profile make it a valuable alternative to traditional agents like voriconazole or liposomal amphotericin B in certain scenarios. However, continued research is essential to better understand its role in combination therapies and to assess its effectiveness against other fungal species.

Isavuconazole是一种新型广谱抗真菌三唑类药物，与其他唑类药物相比，在药物相互作用、不良反应和耐受性方面具有更好的安全性。越来越多的证据支持isavuconazole治疗侵袭性真菌疾病的有效性。在这篇综述中，我们旨在分析这一新证据对主要临床指南的影响。我们回顾了全球主要传染病学会发布的最新共识指南，重点介绍了关于在不同侵袭性真菌感染和管理策略中使用异戊康唑的建议的新颖性。依沙乌康唑已被列入侵袭性曲霉病的一线治疗，根据临床情况，对伏立康唑或依沙乌康唑的偏好略有不同。在毛霉病中，isavuconazole被认为是替代两性霉素B脂质体的一线治疗方法，特别是对于那些有潜在肾功能损害的患者。此外，对于这两种情况，建议在抢救情况下使用异戊康唑，并考虑与其他霉菌活性药物联合使用。该指南报告了使用该药物治疗由其他霉菌和罕见酵母引起的真菌病以及地方性真菌病所取得的令人鼓舞的结果，但由于仍然缺乏确凿的证据，该领域的建议通常是薄弱的。Isavuconazole是侵袭性真菌感染的一种合适的治疗选择，对包括曲霉和真菌在内的一系列病原体都有疗效。在某些情况下，其安全性和良好的药物相互作用使其成为伏立康唑或两性霉素B脂质体等传统药物的有价值的替代品。然而，为了更好地了解其在联合治疗中的作用并评估其对其他真菌物种的有效性，继续研究是必不可少的。

{"title":"Impact of current clinical guidelines on the management of invasive fungal disease","authors":"Santiago de Cossio Tejido , Miguel Salavert Lletí","doi":"10.1016/j.riam.2025.02.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.riam.2025.02.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Isavuconazole is a new broad-spectrum antifungal triazole with a better safety profile in terms of drug–drug interactions, adverse effects, and tolerance compared to other azoles. Increasing evidence supports the usefulness of isavuconazole in the treatment of invasive fungal diseases. In this review, we aim to analyze the influence of this new evidence on the main clinical guidelines. We reviewed the most recent consensus guidelines issued by the major infectious diseases societies worldwide, focusing on the novelties regarding the recommendations for the use of isavuconazole in different invasive fungal infections and management strategies.</div><div>Isavuconazole has been included as first-line therapy for invasive aspergillosis, with slight differences in preference for voriconazole or isavuconazole depending on the clinical scenario. In mucormycosis, isavuconazole is considered an alternative first-line therapy to liposomal amphotericin B, especially in those patients with underlying renal impairment. Additionally, the use of isavuconazole is suggested in salvage scenario for both conditions, and the combination with other mold-active drugs is considered. The guidelines report the promising results obtained with the use of this drug for treating mycoses caused by other molds and rare yeasts, as well as endemic mycoses, but since solid evidence is still lacking, the recommendations in this area are generally weak.</div><div>Isavuconazole is a suitable therapeutic option for invasive fungal infections, offering efficacy against a range of pathogens, including <em>Aspergillus</em> and fungi within the order Mucorales. Its safety profile and its favorable drug interaction profile make it a valuable alternative to traditional agents like voriconazole or liposomal amphotericin B in certain scenarios. However, continued research is essential to better understand its role in combination therapies and to assess its effectiveness against other fungal species.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21291,"journal":{"name":"Revista Iberoamericana De Micologia","volume":"42 1","pages":"Pages 15-21"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144054274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Isolation of fungi from the Trichosporonaceae family in urine samples from COVID-19 patients: Should we worry about it? 从COVID-19患者尿液样本中分离出毛孢菌科真菌：我们应该担心吗？

IF 1.6 4区生物学 Q4 MYCOLOGY

Revista Iberoamericana De Micologia

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.riam.2024.10.003

Fernanda A. Oliveira , Andrea R. Bernardes-Engemann , Fernando Almeida-Silva , Beatriz da S. Motta , Marcos A. Almeida , Marcus M. Teixeira , Andrea d’Avila Freitas , Kim M. Geraldo , Valdiléa G. Veloso , Beatriz Grinsztejn , Marcel de Souza Borges Quintana , Rodrigo Almeida-Paes , Rosely M. Zancopé-Oliveira

Background

Trichosporon genus encompasses emergent fungal pathogens with an increased incidence that concerns potential multi-drug resistance and mortality, especially in immunocompromised patients. COVID-19 is a disease of pandemic proportions with complications related to cytokine storm and lymphopenia.

Aims

To study the isolation of fungi within the Trichosporanaceae family in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2.

Methods

In this work we recovered 35 fungal isolates belonging to the Trichosporonaceae family from urine samples of 32 patients hospitalized due to COVID-19 complications. We evaluated their mycological characteristics, as well as the patient's clinical aspects.

Results

Trichosporon asahii was the main species identified, followed by Cutaneotrichosporon jirovecii and Trichosporon inkin, respectively. The blood cultures of 20 of these patients were all negative for fungi. Isolation of Trichosporonaceae fungi in urine was associated with high COVID-19 severity. The antifungal susceptibility test showed low MIC values for voriconazole, an antifungal in the first-line treatment of trichosporonosis. In contrast, high MIC values were found in the case of amphotericin B and 5-fluorocytosine in all the species, except for C. jirovecii. Since invasive trichosporonosis was not confirmed, none of the patients were given an antifungal treatment, without affecting the outcome of the patients.

Conclusions

Our results suggest that the isolation in urine of fungi from the Trichosporonaceae family may be associated to more severe forms of the disease COVID-19, but not with an increase in death rate. However, these isolates do not seem to be linked to urinary infections, therefore no antifungal therapy is mandatory in these cases.

背景：Trichosporon属包括突发性真菌病原体，其发病率增加，涉及潜在的多药耐药性和死亡率，特别是在免疫功能低下的患者中。COVID-19是一种具有大流行程度的疾病，其并发症与细胞因子风暴和淋巴细胞减少有关。目的：研究SARS-CoV-2感染患者中毛霉科真菌的分离情况。方法：从32例因COVID-19并发症住院的患者尿液样本中分离出35株毛孢菌科真菌。我们评估了他们的真菌学特征，以及患者的临床方面。结果：鉴定出的主要种类为刺毛霉，其次为皮肤毛霉和墨墨毛霉。其中20名患者的血液培养均为真菌阴性。尿中分离毛孢菌科真菌与COVID-19严重程度高相关。抗真菌药敏试验显示伏立康唑的MIC值较低，伏立康唑是一种一线治疗三磷病的抗真菌药物。相比之下，两性霉素B和5-氟胞嘧啶在所有物种中都有较高的MIC值，除了C. jrovecii。由于未确诊为侵袭性三磷菌病，因此没有患者接受抗真菌治疗，未影响患者的预后。结论：我们的研究结果表明，尿中分离的毛孢菌科真菌可能与更严重的COVID-19疾病形式有关，但与死亡率增加无关。然而，这些分离株似乎与泌尿系统感染无关，因此在这些病例中不需要强制进行抗真菌治疗。

{"title":"Isolation of fungi from the Trichosporonaceae family in urine samples from COVID-19 patients: Should we worry about it?","authors":"Fernanda A. Oliveira , Andrea R. Bernardes-Engemann , Fernando Almeida-Silva , Beatriz da S. Motta , Marcos A. Almeida , Marcus M. Teixeira , Andrea d’Avila Freitas , Kim M. Geraldo , Valdiléa G. Veloso , Beatriz Grinsztejn , Marcel de Souza Borges Quintana , Rodrigo Almeida-Paes , Rosely M. Zancopé-Oliveira","doi":"10.1016/j.riam.2024.10.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.riam.2024.10.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div><span><span>Trichosporon</span></span> genus encompasses emergent fungal pathogens with an increased incidence that concerns potential multi-drug resistance and mortality, especially in immunocompromised patients. COVID-19 is a disease of pandemic proportions with complications related to cytokine storm and lymphopenia.</div></div><div><h3>Aims</h3><div>To study the isolation of fungi within the Trichosporanaceae family in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this work we recovered 35 fungal isolates belonging to the Trichosporonaceae family from urine samples of 32 patients hospitalized due to COVID-19 complications. We evaluated their mycological characteristics, as well as the patient's clinical aspects.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div><span><em>Trichosporon</em><em> asahii</em></span> was the main species identified, followed by <span><em>Cutaneotrichosporon</em><em> jirovecii</em></span> and <em>Trichosporon inkin</em>, respectively. The blood cultures of 20 of these patients were all negative for fungi. Isolation of Trichosporonaceae fungi in urine was associated with high COVID-19 severity. The antifungal susceptibility test showed low MIC values for voriconazole, an antifungal in the first-line treatment of trichosporonosis. In contrast, high MIC values were found in the case of amphotericin B and 5-fluorocytosine in all the species, except for <em>C. jirovecii</em>. Since invasive trichosporonosis was not confirmed, none of the patients were given an antifungal treatment, without affecting the outcome of the patients.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our results suggest that the isolation in urine of fungi from the Trichosporonaceae family may be associated to more severe forms of the disease COVID-19, but not with an increase in death rate. However, these isolates do not seem to be linked to urinary infections, therefore no antifungal therapy is mandatory in these cases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21291,"journal":{"name":"Revista Iberoamericana De Micologia","volume":"41 4","pages":"Pages 58-67"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143537558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Problemas clínicos en Micología Médica: problema número 57 【医学真菌学临床问题：第57题】

IF 1.6 4区生物学 Q4 MYCOLOGY

Revista Iberoamericana De Micologia

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.riam.2025.01.001

Gabriela Santiso , Fernando Messina , Matías Gastón Pérez , Daniela Masini , Mercedes Romero , Emanuel Marin , Alicia Arechavala

A 48-year-old man with no relevant medical history went to a general acute hospital seeking medical attention. He had fever, cough, and chest pain. A chest X-ray revealed pleural effusion, which prompted a puncture and a subsequent culture of the sample; antibiotic treatment was prescribed. Despite the treatment, the man remained febrile, and a new clinical examination suggested a probable onychomycosis of all 20 nails. A rapid HIV test was carried out. The culture from the pleural puncture showed yeast growth identified as Cryptococcus sp., revealing a disseminated disease with central nervous involvement, thus leading to an early diagnosis with a better prognosis.

48岁男性，无相关病史，到普通急症医院就诊。他发烧、咳嗽、胸痛。胸部x光片显示胸腔积液，这促使穿刺和随后的样本培养；医生开了抗生素治疗。尽管接受了治疗，该男子仍在发烧，新的临床检查显示，所有20根指甲都可能患有甲真菌病。进行了艾滋病毒快速检测。胸膜穿刺培养显示酵母菌生长，确定为隐球菌，表明弥散性疾病累及中枢神经，因此早期诊断预后较好。

引用次数: 0

Antifungal pipeline: New tools for the treatment of mycoses 抗真菌管道：治疗真菌病的新工具。

IF 1.6 4区生物学 Q4 MYCOLOGY

Revista Iberoamericana De Micologia

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.riam.2024.11.001

Stella Wolfgruber , Jon Salmanton-García , Marius Paulin Ngouanom Kuate , Martin Hoenigl , Jose Guillermo Pereira Brunelli

Fungal infections are becoming an escalating public health challenge, particularly among immunocompromised individuals. The partially limited efficacy of current antifungal treatments, their potential adverse effects, and the increasing problem of resistance emphasize the need for new treatment options. Existing antifungal classes—allylamines, azoles, echinocandins, polyenes, and pyrimidine analogs—face challenges due to their similarity with human cells and rising resistance.

New antifungal agents, such as ibrexafungerp, rezafungin, oteseconazole, and miltefosine, offer novel mechanisms of action along with reduced toxicity. While antifungal resistance is a growing global concern, fungal infections in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) present specific challenges with high rates of opportunistic infections like cryptococcosis and endemic mycoses such as histoplasmosis. The World Health Organization's fungal priority pathogens list highlights the prevalence of these infections in LMICs, where limited access to antifungal drugs and misuse are common.

This review provides a comprehensive overview of these new agents and their mechanisms, and explores the challenges and roles of antifungal drugs in LMICs, where the burden of fungal infections is high. Continued research and development are essential to address the rising incidence and resistance of fungal infections globally.

真菌感染正日益成为公共卫生的一大挑战，尤其是在免疫力低下的人群中。目前抗真菌治疗的部分疗效有限、潜在的不良反应以及日益严重的抗药性问题，都凸显了对新治疗方案的需求。现有的抗真菌类药物--烯丙基胺类、唑类、棘白菌素类、多烯类和嘧啶类似物--由于与人类细胞的相似性和抗药性的增加而面临挑战。新的抗真菌药物，如伊布沙芬盖普、雷沙芬净、奥特康唑和米替福新等，具有新的作用机制和较低的毒性。抗真菌耐药性是一个日益受到全球关注的问题，而中低收入国家的真菌感染则面临着特殊的挑战，隐球菌病等机会性感染和组织胞浆菌病等地方性真菌病的发病率都很高。世界卫生组织的真菌优先病原体清单强调了这些感染在低收入和中等收入国家的流行程度，而这些国家抗真菌药物的获取途径有限且滥用现象普遍。本综述全面概述了这些新药及其作用机制，并探讨了抗真菌药物在真菌感染负担沉重的低收入和中等收入国家面临的挑战和发挥的作用。要解决全球真菌感染发病率和耐药性不断上升的问题，继续研究和开发至关重要。

{"title":"Antifungal pipeline: New tools for the treatment of mycoses","authors":"Stella Wolfgruber , Jon Salmanton-García , Marius Paulin Ngouanom Kuate , Martin Hoenigl , Jose Guillermo Pereira Brunelli","doi":"10.1016/j.riam.2024.11.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.riam.2024.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fungal infections are becoming an escalating public health challenge, particularly among immunocompromised individuals. The partially limited efficacy of current antifungal treatments, their potential adverse effects, and the increasing problem of resistance emphasize the need for new treatment options. Existing antifungal classes—allylamines, azoles, echinocandins, polyenes, and pyrimidine analogs—face challenges due to their similarity with human cells and rising resistance.</div><div>New antifungal agents, such as ibrexafungerp, rezafungin, oteseconazole, and miltefosine, offer novel mechanisms of action along with reduced toxicity. While antifungal resistance is a growing global concern, fungal infections in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) present specific challenges with high rates of opportunistic infections like cryptococcosis and endemic mycoses such as histoplasmosis. The World Health Organization's fungal priority pathogens list highlights the prevalence of these infections in LMICs, where limited access to antifungal drugs and misuse are common.</div><div>This review provides a comprehensive overview of these new agents and their mechanisms, and explores the challenges and roles of antifungal drugs in LMICs, where the burden of fungal infections is high. Continued research and development are essential to address the rising incidence and resistance of fungal infections globally.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21291,"journal":{"name":"Revista Iberoamericana De Micologia","volume":"41 4","pages":"Pages 68-78"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143537555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Series of cases of disseminated histoplasmosis in people living with the human immunodeficiency virus: A neglected endemic in Latin America and the Caribbean 人类免疫缺陷病毒感染者的一系列播散性组织浆体病病例：拉丁美洲和加勒比地区一种被忽视的地方病。

IF 1.6 4区生物学 Q4 MYCOLOGY

Revista Iberoamericana De Micologia

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.riam.2025.01.002

Maximiliano Gabriel Castro , Erwin Alexander Rottoli , María José Sadonio , Melina Beloso , Andrea Gómez Colussi , María Fernanda Argarañá , Federico Rafael Galluccio

Background

Disseminated histoplasmosis is a common infection in people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in Latin America and the Caribbean.

Aims

To examine the clinical characteristics and outcomes of disseminated histoplasmosis in people living with HIV focusing on delayed diagnoses.

Methods

A descriptive study in a public hospital in Santa Fe (Argentina) was conducted between 2017 and 2023. Disseminated histoplasmosis was diagnosed through direct examination and/or culture of blood, respiratory secretions, bone marrow, or skin samples.

Results

Twenty-one patients were included (median age: 34 years; 61.9% male). Ten (47.6%) patients were under antiretroviral therapy, but were non-adherent. The median CD4+ count was 10 cells/mm³. Fever was the prevailing symptom (19, 90.5%), with a median duration of 30 days. Visceromegalies were observed in 11 patients (52.4%), lymphadenopathy in 10 (47.6%), and skin lesions in 11 (52.4%). All patients had anemia, and 13 (61.9%) had liver function abnormalities. Diagnosis was made through the scraping of mucocutaneous lesions in 11 patients (52.4%). Eight patients (38.1%) were admitted to the Intensive Care Unit, and six (28.6%) died. Five patients (23.8%) had delayed diagnoses.

Conclusions

Disseminated histoplasmosis may be underdiagnosed due to its subacute course and nonspecific clinical presentation. A high index of suspicion is essential, particularly in people living with the HIV.

背景：播散性组织胞浆菌病是拉丁美洲和加勒比地区人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染者的一种常见感染。目的：探讨HIV感染者弥散性组织胞浆菌病的临床特征和预后，重点关注延迟诊断。方法：2017 - 2023年在阿根廷圣达菲某公立医院进行描述性研究。通过直接检查和/或培养血液、呼吸道分泌物、骨髓或皮肤样本来诊断弥散性组织胞浆菌病。结果：纳入21例患者(中位年龄：34岁；61.9%的男性)。10例（47.6%）患者正在接受抗逆转录病毒治疗，但未坚持治疗。中位CD4+计数为10个细胞/mm3。发热是主要症状（19.90.5%），中位病程为30天。脏器肿大11例（52.4%），淋巴结病变10例（47.6%），皮肤病变11例（52.4%）。所有患者均有贫血，13例（61.9%）有肝功能异常。11例（52.4%）患者通过皮肤粘膜病变刮痧诊断。8例患者（38.1%）入住重症监护室，6例患者（28.6%）死亡。延迟诊断5例（23.8%）。结论：弥散性组织胞浆菌病因其亚急性病程和非特异性临床表现而可能漏诊。高度的怀疑是必不可少的，特别是对艾滋病毒感染者。

{"title":"Series of cases of disseminated histoplasmosis in people living with the human immunodeficiency virus: A neglected endemic in Latin America and the Caribbean","authors":"Maximiliano Gabriel Castro , Erwin Alexander Rottoli , María José Sadonio , Melina Beloso , Andrea Gómez Colussi , María Fernanda Argarañá , Federico Rafael Galluccio","doi":"10.1016/j.riam.2025.01.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.riam.2025.01.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Disseminated histoplasmosis is a common infection in people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in Latin America and the Caribbean.</div></div><div><h3>Aims</h3><div>To examine the clinical characteristics and outcomes of disseminated histoplasmosis in people living with HIV focusing on delayed diagnoses.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A descriptive study in a public hospital in Santa Fe (Argentina) was conducted between 2017 and 2023. Disseminated histoplasmosis was diagnosed through direct examination and/or culture of blood, respiratory secretions, bone marrow, or skin samples.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Twenty-one patients were included (median age: 34 years; 61.9% male). Ten (47.6%) patients were under antiretroviral therapy, but were non-adherent. The median CD4+ count was 10cells/mm<sup>3</sup><span>. Fever was the prevailing symptom (19, 90.5%), with a median duration of 30 days. Visceromegalies were observed in 11 patients (52.4%), lymphadenopathy in 10 (47.6%), and skin lesions in 11 (52.4%). All patients had anemia, and 13 (61.9%) had liver function abnormalities. Diagnosis was made through the scraping of mucocutaneous lesions in 11 patients (52.4%). Eight patients (38.1%) were admitted to the Intensive Care Unit, and six (28.6%) died. Five patients (23.8%) had delayed diagnoses.</span></div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Disseminated histoplasmosis may be underdiagnosed due to its subacute course and nonspecific clinical presentation. A high index of suspicion is essential, particularly in people living with the HIV.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21291,"journal":{"name":"Revista Iberoamericana De Micologia","volume":"41 4","pages":"Pages 79-82"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143586588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pneumocystis jirovecii in the lower respiratory tract of immunocompetent individuals 免疫功能正常个体下呼吸道的乙氏肺囊虫。

IF 1.6 4区生物学 Q4 MYCOLOGY

Revista Iberoamericana De Micologia

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.riam.2024.10.002

Beatriz Gálvez , Consuelo Ferrer , Violeta Esteban , José Noberto Sancho-Chust , Beatriz Amat , Eusebi Chiner , Maria Francisca Colom

Background

Pneumocystis jirovecii colonization rates in healthy patients are unclear. Previously published studies suggest that the fungus could play a role in the physiopathology and progression of chronic respiratory diseases.

Aims

The goal of this study was to determine the prevalence of colonization by this fungus in the lower respiratory tract of immunocompetent patients who are not at risk of dysbiosis.

Methods

The presence of P. jirovecii was confirmed in the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) samples from adults who underwent bronchoscopy for non-infectious reasons, had no immunosuppressive factors, and had not been on antibiotic treatment for at least one month. The results were compared with those obtained in the study on the presence of Pneumocystis in environmental dust samples obtained by swabbing surfaces in the participating subjects’ domestic settings. Real-time PCR was the technique used for detecting the fungus in both types of samples.

Results

A total of 97 BAL samples and 49 domestic environment samples were studied. The medical reasons for needing a bronchoscopy were, mainly, the examination of both pulmonary neoplasm in 55 patients (57%) and diffuse interstitial lung disease in 21 patients (22%). The overall prevalence of P. jirovecii in our population was 7.22% in BAL samples and 0% in domestic samples.

Conclusions

The presence of P. jirovecii in the lower respiratory tract is relevantly linked with the patient's immune status, not with an underlying pathology. Prevalence is low in immunocompetent individuals who do not have any infectious pathology and are not having antimicrobial treatments. Our results do not enable us to figure out which the environmental niche of P. jirovecii is.

背景：吉氏肺囊虫在健康患者中的定植率尚不清楚。先前发表的研究表明，真菌可能在慢性呼吸道疾病的生理病理和进展中发挥作用。目的：本研究的目的是确定这种真菌在没有生态失调风险的免疫能力患者的下呼吸道定植的流行程度。方法：在非感染性原因接受支气管镜检查、无免疫抑制因子、未接受抗生素治疗至少一个月的成人支气管肺泡灌洗液（BAL）样本中证实了耶氏疟原虫的存在。将这些结果与在参与受试者的家庭环境中通过擦拭表面获得的环境粉尘样本中肺囊虫存在的研究结果进行比较。实时荧光定量PCR技术用于检测两种样品中的真菌。结果：共对97份BAL样本和49份生活环境样本进行了研究。需要支气管镜检查的医学原因主要为55例（57%）肺部肿瘤检查和21例（22%）弥漫性间质性肺疾病检查。在我国人群中，BAL样本的总流行率为7.22%，而国内样本的总流行率为0%。结论：下呼吸道存在耶氏疟原虫与患者的免疫状态相关，而与潜在病理无关。在没有任何感染病理和未接受抗微生物治疗的免疫能力个体中，患病率较低。我们的结果并不能使我们弄清楚氏疟原虫的环境生态位是什么。

{"title":"Pneumocystis jirovecii in the lower respiratory tract of immunocompetent individuals","authors":"Beatriz Gálvez , Consuelo Ferrer , Violeta Esteban , José Noberto Sancho-Chust , Beatriz Amat , Eusebi Chiner , Maria Francisca Colom","doi":"10.1016/j.riam.2024.10.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.riam.2024.10.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div><em>Pneumocystis jirovecii</em> colonization rates in healthy patients are unclear. Previously published studies suggest that the fungus could play a role in the physiopathology and progression of chronic respiratory diseases.</div></div><div><h3>Aims</h3><div>The goal of this study was to determine the prevalence of colonization by this fungus in the lower respiratory tract of immunocompetent patients who are not at risk of dysbiosis.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The presence of <em>P. jirovecii</em> was confirmed in the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) samples from adults who underwent bronchoscopy for non-infectious reasons, had no immunosuppressive factors, and had not been on antibiotic treatment for at least one month. The results were compared with those obtained in the study on the presence of <em>Pneumocystis</em> in environmental dust samples obtained by swabbing surfaces in the participating subjects’ domestic settings. Real-time PCR was the technique used for detecting the fungus in both types of samples.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 97 BAL samples and 49 domestic environment samples were studied. The medical reasons for needing a bronchoscopy were, mainly, the examination of both pulmonary neoplasm in 55 patients (57%) and diffuse interstitial lung disease in 21 patients (22%). The overall prevalence of <em>P. jirovecii</em> in our population was 7.22% in BAL samples and 0% in domestic samples.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The presence of <em>P. jirovecii</em> in the lower respiratory tract is relevantly linked with the patient's immune status, not with an underlying pathology. Prevalence is low in immunocompetent individuals who do not have any infectious pathology and are not having antimicrobial treatments. Our results do not enable us to figure out which the environmental niche of <em>P</em>. <em>jirovecii</em> is.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21291,"journal":{"name":"Revista Iberoamericana De Micologia","volume":"41 4","pages":"Pages 51-57"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143047725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fungal ball due to a species of the Scedosporium apiospermum complex in a post-tuberculosis patient 结核后患者的一种顶孢复合体引起的真菌球。

IF 1.5 4区生物学 Q4 MYCOLOGY

Revista Iberoamericana De Micologia

Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.riam.2024.07.001

Gabriela López Daneri , Natali Niebles , Agustina Bustos , Pablo Martin Bravo , Edith Susana Paterno , Fernando Picco , Alejandra Margari , María Teresa Mujica

Background

Scedosporium species are considered emerging pathogens causing illness in immunocompetent and immunocompromised hosts.

Case report

A case of non-invasive pulmonary (fungal ball) infection by Scedosporium apiospermum complex in a 49-year-old female with bronchiectasis and cavities secondary to tuberculosis is described. The patient had a history of three years of cough and hemoptysis. A computed tomography scan of the thorax revealed the presence of a cavity in the lower lobe of the right lung, associated with bronchiectasis. A combination of surgical debridement and antifungal therapy (voriconazole) was the treatment of choice. Pulmonary resection (right lower lobectomy) was performed, and samples were sent for microbiological culture and histopathological examination; by means of the latter technique, hyphae were shown. The identification of Scedosporium angustum, a phylogenetic species of the S. apiospermum complex, was obtained by amplifying and sequencing the β-tubulin locus. Voriconazole therapy was started at a loading dose of 800 mg/12 h for the first 24 h, followed by 200 mg/12 h for 6 months. The patient responded favorably to the treatment and remained asymptomatic.

Conclusions

This case emphasizes the importance of considering Scedosporium species in the differential diagnosis of fungal balls by Aspergillus.

.

背景：隐孢子菌被认为是在免疫功能正常和免疫功能低下的宿主中引起疾病的新兴病原体。病例报告：一个非侵入性肺（真菌球）感染的病例顶精子梭孢复合体在49岁的女性支气管扩张和继发于肺结核腔。患者有三年咳嗽咯血病史。胸部电脑断层扫描显示右肺下叶有空洞，伴支气管扩张。手术清创联合抗真菌治疗（伏立康唑）是首选的治疗方法。行肺切除术（右下肺叶切除术），送标本进行微生物培养和组织病理学检查；通过后一种技术，菌丝被显示出来。通过扩增β-微管蛋白位点并对其序列进行测序，确定了尖孢霉复合体的一个系统发育物种——Scedosporium angustum。伏立康唑治疗开始时的负荷剂量为800mg/12h，前24h，随后为200mg/12h，持续6个月。病人对治疗反应良好，并保持无症状。结论：本病例强调了在曲霉真菌球的鉴别诊断中考虑孢子菌种类的重要性。

{"title":"Fungal ball due to a species of the Scedosporium apiospermum complex in a post-tuberculosis patient","authors":"Gabriela López Daneri , Natali Niebles , Agustina Bustos , Pablo Martin Bravo , Edith Susana Paterno , Fernando Picco , Alejandra Margari , María Teresa Mujica","doi":"10.1016/j.riam.2024.07.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.riam.2024.07.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div><em>Scedosporium</em> species are considered emerging pathogens causing illness in immunocompetent and immunocompromised hosts.</div></div><div><h3>Case report</h3><div>A case of non-invasive pulmonary (fungal ball) infection by <em>Scedosporium apiospermum</em> complex in a 49-year-old female with bronchiectasis and cavities secondary to tuberculosis is described. The patient had a history of three years of cough and hemoptysis. A computed tomography scan of the thorax revealed the presence of a cavity in the lower lobe of the right lung, associated with bronchiectasis. A combination of surgical debridement and antifungal therapy (voriconazole) was the treatment of choice. Pulmonary resection (right lower lobectomy) was performed, and samples were sent for microbiological culture and histopathological examination; by means of the latter technique, hyphae were shown. The identification of <em>Scedosporium angustum</em>, a phylogenetic species of the <em>S. apiospermum</em> complex, was obtained by amplifying and sequencing the β-tubulin locus. Voriconazole therapy was started at a loading dose of 800mg/12h for the first 24h, followed by 200mg/12h for 6 months. The patient responded favorably to the treatment and remained asymptomatic.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This case emphasizes the importance of considering <em>Scedosporium</em> species in the differential diagnosis of fungal balls by <em>Aspergillus</em>.</div><div>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21291,"journal":{"name":"Revista Iberoamericana De Micologia","volume":"41 2","pages":"Pages 43-47"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142792350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Nails and skin co-infection by Fusarium verticillioides and Proteus vulgaris secondary to arterial occlusion of lower extremity 下肢动脉闭塞继发的黄萎病镰刀菌和寻常变形杆菌并发指甲和皮肤感染。

IF 1.5 4区生物学 Q4 MYCOLOGY

Revista Iberoamericana De Micologia

Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.riam.2021.07.003

Yahui Feng , Zhiya Yang , Dengli Li , Juanjuan Li , Dongmei Li , Sybren de Hoog , Dongmei Shi

Background

Post-traumatic Fusarium infection is rare. Arterial occlusive disease, a common vascular disorder in the elderly, often leads to ischemic necrosis of the lower extremities, which in turn increases the likelihood of secondary infections. Those secondary infections can be caused by bacteria, virus, or fungi.

Case report

We present the case of a 64-year-old male patient with a co-infection by Fusarium verticillioides and Proteus vulgaris on nails and foot skin, secondary to senile arterial occlusion on the lower extremities. The skin and nails recovered well after following stent implantation and a combination treatment of itraconazole and a macrolide antibiotic. A retrospective analysis of the literature identified 17 patients with Fusarium infection, all of whom were immunocompetent.

Conclusions

Trauma may be a predisposing cause of Fusarium infection. Combination of oral itraconazole and terbinafine, or amphotericin B and surgical means, are all effective treatments.

背景：创伤后镰刀菌感染是罕见的。动脉闭塞性疾病是老年人常见的血管疾病，常导致下肢缺血性坏死，进而增加继发感染的可能性。这些继发性感染可能由细菌、病毒或真菌引起。病例报告：我们报告一例64岁男性患者，指甲和足部皮肤同时感染黄斑镰刀菌和寻常变形杆菌，继发于下肢老年性动脉闭塞。皮肤和指甲在支架植入和伊曲康唑和大环内酯类抗生素联合治疗后恢复良好。回顾性分析文献发现17例镰孢菌感染患者，所有患者均具有免疫功能。结论：外伤可能是镰刀菌感染的易感原因。口服伊曲康唑联合特比萘芬或两性霉素B联合手术治疗均是有效的治疗方法。

{"title":"Nails and skin co-infection by Fusarium verticillioides and Proteus vulgaris secondary to arterial occlusion of lower extremity","authors":"Yahui Feng , Zhiya Yang , Dengli Li , Juanjuan Li , Dongmei Li , Sybren de Hoog , Dongmei Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.riam.2021.07.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.riam.2021.07.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Post-traumatic <em>Fusarium</em> infection is rare. Arterial occlusive disease, a common vascular disorder in the elderly, often leads to ischemic necrosis of the lower extremities, which in turn increases the likelihood of secondary infections. Those secondary infections can be caused by bacteria, virus, or fungi.</div></div><div><h3>Case report</h3><div>We present the case of a 64-year-old male patient with a co-infection by <em>Fusarium verticillioides</em> and <em>Proteus vulgaris</em> on nails and foot skin, secondary to senile arterial occlusion on the lower extremities. The skin and nails recovered well after following stent implantation and a combination treatment of itraconazole and a macrolide antibiotic. A retrospective analysis of the literature identified 17 patients with <em>Fusarium</em> infection, all of whom were immunocompetent.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Trauma may be a predisposing cause of <em>Fusarium</em> infection. Combination of oral itraconazole and terbinafine, or amphotericin B and surgical means, are all effective treatments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21291,"journal":{"name":"Revista Iberoamericana De Micologia","volume":"41 2","pages":"Pages 37-42"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142807914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Aspergillus hiratsukae as a causative agent of endophthalmitis: A case report 作为眼内炎致病菌的平曲霉：病例报告。

IF 1.5 4区生物学 Q4 MYCOLOGY

Revista Iberoamericana De Micologia

Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.riam.2024.10.001

Cristian Mateo León , Ángeles Sampere Martínez , Isabel Fabelo Hidalgo , Diego García Martínez de Artola

Background

Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus fumigatus are commonly involved in fungal endophthalmitis. However, other less pathogenic species of the genus are also causal agents of opportunistic infections. Aspergillus hiratsukae, a species within Aspergillus section Fumigati, is an uncommon fungus responsible for a few infectious cases worldwide.

Case report

We present a case of post-surgical endophthalmitis in a man caused by A. hiratsukae after phacoemulsification surgery and intraocular lens implantation. The patient underwent an urgent vitrectomy in which infectious foci were observed. Due to adverse clinical evolution, evisceration was performed five days after admission. In the study of the intraoperative samples fungal growth was observed. Microscopic analysis showed conidial heads resembling Aspergillus species. The final identification of A. hiratsukae was achieved by amplifying and sequencing the ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 spacer region. Antifungal susceptibility testing was performed using the method described by EUCAST. The isolate exhibited sensitivity to azoles and polyenes.

Conclusions

Due to the morphological similarity of the Aspergillus species, molecular techniques are essential for discriminating among them, as there are different antifungal susceptibility profiles within the same complex. Further studies to improve clinical surveillance, make an early diagnosis and start a targeted therapy are necessary.

背景：黄曲霉和烟曲霉通常与真菌性眼内炎有关。然而，其他致病性较低的属也是机会性感染的致病因子。平松曲霉是烟曲霉科的一种，是一种罕见的真菌，在世界范围内引起一些传染性病例。病例报告：我们报告一例在超声乳化手术和人工晶状体植入术后，由平突芽胞杆菌引起的术后眼内炎。患者接受了紧急玻璃体切除术，其中观察到感染灶。由于临床进展不良，在入院5天后进行了内脏切除。术中标本观察真菌生长情况。显微分析显示分生孢子头类似曲霉属。通过对ITS1-5.8S-ITS2间隔区进行扩增和测序，最终鉴定了平松麻属。采用EUCAST方法进行抗真菌药敏试验。该分离物对偶氮和多烯敏感。结论：由于曲霉种类的形态相似性，在同一复合体内存在不同的抗真菌药敏谱，因此分子技术是鉴别曲霉种类的必要手段。进一步研究以改善临床监测、早期诊断和开始靶向治疗是必要的。

{"title":"Aspergillus hiratsukae as a causative agent of endophthalmitis: A case report","authors":"Cristian Mateo León , Ángeles Sampere Martínez , Isabel Fabelo Hidalgo , Diego García Martínez de Artola","doi":"10.1016/j.riam.2024.10.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.riam.2024.10.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div><em>Aspergillus flavus</em> and <em>Aspergillus fumigatus</em> are commonly involved in fungal endophthalmitis. However, other less pathogenic species of the genus are also causal agents of opportunistic infections. <em>Aspergillus hiratsukae</em>, a species within <em>Aspergillus</em> section <em>Fumigati</em>, is an uncommon fungus responsible for a few infectious cases worldwide.</div></div><div><h3>Case report</h3><div>We present a case of post-surgical endophthalmitis in a man caused by <em>A. hiratsukae</em> after phacoemulsification surgery and intraocular lens implantation. The patient underwent an urgent vitrectomy in which infectious foci were observed. Due to adverse clinical evolution, evisceration was performed five days after admission. In the study of the intraoperative samples fungal growth was observed. Microscopic analysis showed conidial heads resembling <em>Aspergillus</em> species. The final identification of <em>A. hiratsukae</em> was achieved by amplifying and sequencing the ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 spacer region. Antifungal susceptibility testing was performed using the method described by EUCAST. The isolate exhibited sensitivity to azoles and polyenes.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Due to the morphological similarity of the <em>Aspergillus</em> species, molecular techniques are essential for discriminating among them, as there are different antifungal susceptibility profiles within the same complex. Further studies to improve clinical surveillance, make an early diagnosis and start a targeted therapy are necessary.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21291,"journal":{"name":"Revista Iberoamericana De Micologia","volume":"41 2","pages":"Pages 48-50"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142819031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Prevalence, virulence factors and antifungal susceptibility of oral isolates of Candida albicans from patients with cystic fibrosis in Mexico 墨西哥囊性纤维化患者口腔白色念珠菌的流行、毒力因素和抗真菌敏感性

IF 1.5 4区生物学 Q4 MYCOLOGY

Revista Iberoamericana De Micologia

Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.riam.2024.09.001

Ana L. Ríos-López, María Fernanda Garza-Velásquez, Gloria M. González, Miguel A. Becerril-García, Orlando Flores-Maldonado

Background

Candida species are frequently isolated from the oral cavity of patients with cystic fibrosis. However, the information on the role of Candida in cystic fibrosis is scarce.

Aims

This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence, virulence profile and antifungal susceptibility of oral isolates of Candida albicans recovered from patients with cystic fibrosis.

Methods

Oropharyngeal swab samples were collected from sixty-five cystic fibrosis patients and sixty-five healthy individuals. Candida isolates were identified by MALDI-TOF VITEK-MS. Proteinase, phospholipase and esterase activity, biofilm production and level expression of ALS, SAP and PLB genes in C. albicans were evaluated. Minimal inhibitory concentration values were determined by means of an antifungal susceptibility test.

Results

Oral Candida colonization in cystic fibrosis patients was 66.15%, while in healthy individuals was 36.92%. C. albicans was the most frequently isolated species. C. albicans strains from cystic fibrosis patients were high producers of protease and biofilm, and had higher expression levels of adhesin and protease-associated genes in comparison with healthy subjects. Among the C. albicans strains isolated from cystic fibrosis patients, 18.91% were resistant to itraconazole, while 16.21% exhibited resistance to ketoconazole and fluconazole, and only one strain was resistant to voriconazole.

Conclusions

This work represents a surveillance study on virulence patterns and antifungal susceptibility of Candida from the oropharyngeal tract in cystic fibrosis.

背景：念珠菌经常从囊性纤维化患者的口腔中分离出来。然而，关于念珠菌在囊性纤维化中的作用的信息很少。目的：本研究旨在评估囊性纤维化患者口腔分离的白色念珠菌的患病率、毒力谱和抗真菌敏感性。方法：采集65例囊性纤维化患者和65例健康人的口咽拭子标本。采用MALDI-TOF VITEK-MS对念珠菌分离株进行鉴定。研究了白念珠菌的蛋白酶、磷脂酶和酯酶活性、生物膜的生成以及ALS、SAP和PLB基因的表达水平。通过抗真菌药敏试验确定最小抑制浓度值。结果：囊性纤维化患者口腔念珠菌定植率为66.15%，健康人群为36.92%。白色念珠菌是最常见的分离种。来自囊性纤维化患者的白色念珠菌菌株是蛋白酶和生物膜的高生产者，与健康受试者相比，粘连素和蛋白酶相关基因的表达水平更高。从囊性纤维化患者分离的白色念珠菌中，18.91%对伊曲康唑耐药，16.21%对酮康唑和氟康唑耐药，伏立康唑耐药的仅有1株。结论：这项工作代表了囊性纤维化口咽道念珠菌毒力模式和抗真菌敏感性的监测研究。

{"title":"Prevalence, virulence factors and antifungal susceptibility of oral isolates of Candida albicans from patients with cystic fibrosis in Mexico","authors":"Ana L. Ríos-López, María Fernanda Garza-Velásquez, Gloria M. González, Miguel A. Becerril-García, Orlando Flores-Maldonado","doi":"10.1016/j.riam.2024.09.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.riam.2024.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div><em>Candida</em> species are frequently isolated from the oral cavity of patients with cystic fibrosis. However, the information on the role of <em>Candida</em> in cystic fibrosis is scarce.</div></div><div><h3>Aims</h3><div>This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence, virulence profile and antifungal susceptibility of oral isolates of <em>Candida albicans</em> recovered from patients with cystic fibrosis.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Oropharyngeal swab samples were collected from sixty-five cystic fibrosis patients and sixty-five healthy individuals. <em>Candida</em> isolates were identified by MALDI-TOF VITEK-MS. Proteinase, phospholipase and esterase activity, biofilm production and level expression of <em>ALS</em>, <em>SAP</em> and <em>PLB</em> genes in <em>C. albicans</em> were evaluated. Minimal inhibitory concentration values were determined by means of an antifungal susceptibility test.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Oral <em>Candida</em> colonization in cystic fibrosis patients was 66.15%, while in healthy individuals was 36.92%. <em>C. albicans</em> was the most frequently isolated species. <em>C. albicans</em> strains from cystic fibrosis patients were high producers of protease and biofilm, and had higher expression levels of adhesin and protease-associated genes in comparison with healthy subjects. Among the <em>C. albicans</em> strains isolated from cystic fibrosis patients, 18.91% were resistant to itraconazole, while 16.21% exhibited resistance to ketoconazole and fluconazole, and only one strain was resistant to voriconazole.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This work represents a surveillance study on virulence patterns and antifungal susceptibility of <em>Candida</em> from the oropharyngeal tract in cystic fibrosis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21291,"journal":{"name":"Revista Iberoamericana De Micologia","volume":"41 2","pages":"Pages 31-36"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142792353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0