Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge Oil (XSBO), a type of edible oil derived from a Chinese oilseed crop, is rich in a variety of bioactive compounds and has been recognized for its neuroprotective properties. Tic disorders (TD), a common and complex neurological disorder, are characterized by a multifaceted etiology and a lack of effective therapeutic interventions. Our research pioneers the exploration of XSBO's ability to ameliorate both behavioral symptoms and pathological changes associated with TD. We found that XSBO can activate the BDNF/TrkB signaling pathway, protect dopaminergic neurons, and thereby exert neuroprotective effects. In addition, XSBO has demonstrated potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties that contribute to the attenuation of neuroinflammatory processes. In addition, XSBO has been shown to modulate the balance of the gut microbiome, correcting dysbiosis and, in turn, influencing the serotonergic synaptic pathway, which is critical for the amelioration and management of TD. In essence, XSBO presents a therapeutic profile for TD through a multi-pronged approach that includes neuroprotection, anti-inflammatory activity, and modulation of the brain-gut axis. This study not only delineates the mechanisms by which XSBO exerts its effects in the treatment of TD but also provides critical evidence to further refine its clinical use.
{"title":"Neuroprotective Effects of Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge Oil on Tic Disorders Through Regulation of the Serotonergic Synaptic Pathway and the Gut Microbiome.","authors":"Mingyue Zhang,Yinghui Zhang,Gang Feng,Wenbo Gao,Zhipeng Chen,Song Lei,Leqi Wang,Shasha Li,Xue Xiao,Qinqiang Long","doi":"10.1002/mnfr.70317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mnfr.70317","url":null,"abstract":"Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge Oil (XSBO), a type of edible oil derived from a Chinese oilseed crop, is rich in a variety of bioactive compounds and has been recognized for its neuroprotective properties. Tic disorders (TD), a common and complex neurological disorder, are characterized by a multifaceted etiology and a lack of effective therapeutic interventions. Our research pioneers the exploration of XSBO's ability to ameliorate both behavioral symptoms and pathological changes associated with TD. We found that XSBO can activate the BDNF/TrkB signaling pathway, protect dopaminergic neurons, and thereby exert neuroprotective effects. In addition, XSBO has demonstrated potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties that contribute to the attenuation of neuroinflammatory processes. In addition, XSBO has been shown to modulate the balance of the gut microbiome, correcting dysbiosis and, in turn, influencing the serotonergic synaptic pathway, which is critical for the amelioration and management of TD. In essence, XSBO presents a therapeutic profile for TD through a multi-pronged approach that includes neuroprotection, anti-inflammatory activity, and modulation of the brain-gut axis. This study not only delineates the mechanisms by which XSBO exerts its effects in the treatment of TD but also provides critical evidence to further refine its clinical use.","PeriodicalId":212,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Nutrition & Food Research","volume":"7 1","pages":"e70317"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145531372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The food supplement acetylcarnitine is marketed for use in neurological support; however, research on its bioavailability and metabolic fate has been limited. This study investigated the absorption, metabolism, and excretion of acetylcarnitine compared with those of carnitine. Healthy volunteers received either carnitine or an acetylcarnitine supplement (0.5 or 1.5 g). Plasma and urine samples were collected at baseline and at multiple time points (1-48 h) post intake and analyzed using LC‒MS/MS. Both carnitine and acetylcarnitine exhibited low intestinal absorption and renal reabsorption. The peak plasma concentrations increased over the baseline values by 48% (acetylcarnitine) and 43% (carnitine) following a 1.5 g dose. However, the increase in area under the curve (ΔAUC) from acetylcarnitine was 7.7-fold lower than that from carnitine. Elevated plasma levels of carnitine and acetylcarnitine led to a 5-fold increase in clearance, and a substantial portion of the supplements were excreted via urine. The acetylcarnitine supplement was mostly eliminated in the form of carnitine. Approximately 90% of both supplements were metabolized to TMAO, reaching 50 µM in plasma-levels previously found to be associated with adverse health outcomes. Acetylcarnitine has significantly lower bioavailability than carnitine. The intake of both supplements resulted in substantial TMAO production, raising potential health concerns.
{"title":"Low Bioavailability and High TMAO Production: Novel Insights Into Acetylcarnitine and Carnitine Metabolism.","authors":"Kristaps Krims-Davis,Melita Ozola,Valerija Razzivina,Baiba Gukalova,Ilze Konrade,Maija Dambrova,Edgars Liepinsh","doi":"10.1002/mnfr.70316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mnfr.70316","url":null,"abstract":"The food supplement acetylcarnitine is marketed for use in neurological support; however, research on its bioavailability and metabolic fate has been limited. This study investigated the absorption, metabolism, and excretion of acetylcarnitine compared with those of carnitine. Healthy volunteers received either carnitine or an acetylcarnitine supplement (0.5 or 1.5 g). Plasma and urine samples were collected at baseline and at multiple time points (1-48 h) post intake and analyzed using LC‒MS/MS. Both carnitine and acetylcarnitine exhibited low intestinal absorption and renal reabsorption. The peak plasma concentrations increased over the baseline values by 48% (acetylcarnitine) and 43% (carnitine) following a 1.5 g dose. However, the increase in area under the curve (ΔAUC) from acetylcarnitine was 7.7-fold lower than that from carnitine. Elevated plasma levels of carnitine and acetylcarnitine led to a 5-fold increase in clearance, and a substantial portion of the supplements were excreted via urine. The acetylcarnitine supplement was mostly eliminated in the form of carnitine. Approximately 90% of both supplements were metabolized to TMAO, reaching 50 µM in plasma-levels previously found to be associated with adverse health outcomes. Acetylcarnitine has significantly lower bioavailability than carnitine. The intake of both supplements resulted in substantial TMAO production, raising potential health concerns.","PeriodicalId":212,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Nutrition & Food Research","volume":"32 1","pages":"e70316"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145531410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aina Casademont-Roca,Monic M M Tomassen,Sander Kersten,Wilma T Steegenga,Guido J Hooiveld,Jurriaan J Mes
Metabolic endotoxemia (ME), a dietary lipid-induced increase in plasma LPS levels, is associated with cardiometabolic conditions. Accumulating evidence suggests an association between berry consumption and reduced endotoxemia. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. This study examined the effects and potential mechanisms of blueberries, blackberries, and bananas on ME using an in vitro human intestinal-immune cell model. Palm oil with LPS was added to intestinal Caco-2 cells seeded on Transwell inserts, recapitulating dietary fat absorption. Higher levels of basolateral LPS were observed when Caco-2 cells were cotreated with palm oil and LPS compared to control and LPS, supporting lipid-induced LPS translocation. To examine the bioactivity of translocated LPS, THP1-Lucia nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) macrophages were exposed to basolateral conditioned media from Caco-2 cells, and NF-κB activation was assessed. Basolateral conditioned medium from Caco-2 cells cotreated with digested palm oil and LPS induced higher macrophage NF-κB activation compared to only palm oil. Interestingly, fruits reduced the palm oil + LPS-mediated NF-κB activation in macrophages. Transcriptomic and protein-level analyses suggest berries modulate the lipid-induced LPS translocation, likely via clathrin-mediated transcytosis with a minor chylomicron-mediated contribution. The anti-inflammatory effects of berry-rich diets may be mediated by preventing ME.
{"title":"Blueberries Reduce Palm Oil-Induced Metabolic Endotoxemia in an In Vitro Human Intestinal-Immune Cell Model.","authors":"Aina Casademont-Roca,Monic M M Tomassen,Sander Kersten,Wilma T Steegenga,Guido J Hooiveld,Jurriaan J Mes","doi":"10.1002/mnfr.70311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mnfr.70311","url":null,"abstract":"Metabolic endotoxemia (ME), a dietary lipid-induced increase in plasma LPS levels, is associated with cardiometabolic conditions. Accumulating evidence suggests an association between berry consumption and reduced endotoxemia. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. This study examined the effects and potential mechanisms of blueberries, blackberries, and bananas on ME using an in vitro human intestinal-immune cell model. Palm oil with LPS was added to intestinal Caco-2 cells seeded on Transwell inserts, recapitulating dietary fat absorption. Higher levels of basolateral LPS were observed when Caco-2 cells were cotreated with palm oil and LPS compared to control and LPS, supporting lipid-induced LPS translocation. To examine the bioactivity of translocated LPS, THP1-Lucia nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) macrophages were exposed to basolateral conditioned media from Caco-2 cells, and NF-κB activation was assessed. Basolateral conditioned medium from Caco-2 cells cotreated with digested palm oil and LPS induced higher macrophage NF-κB activation compared to only palm oil. Interestingly, fruits reduced the palm oil + LPS-mediated NF-κB activation in macrophages. Transcriptomic and protein-level analyses suggest berries modulate the lipid-induced LPS translocation, likely via clathrin-mediated transcytosis with a minor chylomicron-mediated contribution. The anti-inflammatory effects of berry-rich diets may be mediated by preventing ME.","PeriodicalId":212,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Nutrition & Food Research","volume":"47 1","pages":"e70311"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145491731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
White adipose tissue (WAT) dysfunction is a crucial contributor to insulin resistance (IR), which is the key cause for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Macrophage infiltration and M1 polarization induce WAT dysfunction. Krill oil (KO) possesses anti-inflammation activity, but its effect on WAT dysfunction under T2DM remained unclear. To this end, T2DM was established in mice followed by a 6-month KO supplementation, showing that KO significantly lowered fasting blood glucose level, mitigated insulin resistance, and improved WAT dysfunction. Notably, KO decreased the number of infiltrated M1-polarized macrophages in the WAT. Moreover, lipolysis and insulin signaling impairment of the WAT were inhibited by KO. In vitro, KO blunted lipopolysaccharide-induced macrophage M1 polarization. Furthermore, in co-culture experiments, these KO-treated macrophages resulted in a less expression of inflammatory factors and resistin, an elevation of adiponection level, as well as an enhanced lipid storage capacity in adipocytes. In summary, the current study found that KO might improve adipocyte dysfunction and insulin resistance by inhibiting macrophage M1 polarization, providing a potential approach for T2DM intervention.
{"title":"Krill Oil Reverses White Adipose Tissue Dysfunction by Inhibiting Macrophage M1 Polarization in Mice With Type 2 Diabetes.","authors":"Xueping Pang,Dongyan Song,Xiaoli Huang,Yan Zheng,Lei Sun,Huali Meng,Hao Wu","doi":"10.1002/mnfr.70215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mnfr.70215","url":null,"abstract":"White adipose tissue (WAT) dysfunction is a crucial contributor to insulin resistance (IR), which is the key cause for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Macrophage infiltration and M1 polarization induce WAT dysfunction. Krill oil (KO) possesses anti-inflammation activity, but its effect on WAT dysfunction under T2DM remained unclear. To this end, T2DM was established in mice followed by a 6-month KO supplementation, showing that KO significantly lowered fasting blood glucose level, mitigated insulin resistance, and improved WAT dysfunction. Notably, KO decreased the number of infiltrated M1-polarized macrophages in the WAT. Moreover, lipolysis and insulin signaling impairment of the WAT were inhibited by KO. In vitro, KO blunted lipopolysaccharide-induced macrophage M1 polarization. Furthermore, in co-culture experiments, these KO-treated macrophages resulted in a less expression of inflammatory factors and resistin, an elevation of adiponection level, as well as an enhanced lipid storage capacity in adipocytes. In summary, the current study found that KO might improve adipocyte dysfunction and insulin resistance by inhibiting macrophage M1 polarization, providing a potential approach for T2DM intervention.","PeriodicalId":212,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Nutrition & Food Research","volume":"81 1","pages":"e70215"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145477663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The world population is aging at an alarming rate, which is an amalgamation of various causative factors. A significant factor contributing to this phenomenon is the dramatic change in the social conditions of the people such as the life style behavioral change, a sedentary pattern of living and a huge dependence on food lacking substantiated nutrition. It has become important to understand the intricate relationship between aging, epigenetics, and nutrition in order to sustain the best possible health and well-being. Aging encompasses numerous molecular, cellular, and systemic changes and is a multifaceted process that involves altered nutrition sensing. Epigenetic factors influence aging. These epigenetic changes affect genes linked to aging and age-related illnesses. A significant obstacle is the identification of key epigenetic markers that can predict health and aging rate. This could help in the prevention of age-related illness and slow the aging process. The precise biochemical mechanisms underlying the interplay between diet and nutrition in epigenetics are still unknown. It is therefore necessary to determine the best food regimens which would lead to epigenetic changes that would help in age gracefully. This research aims to identify a few selected nutrients and their possible effects on epigenetic modulations that might lead to delayed aging.
{"title":"Unveiling Nutraceuticals That Modulate Aging Mechanism: Exploring the Intricate Pathways of Epigenetics.","authors":"Saptadwipa Dey,Krishnendu Adhikary,Debjani Dutta","doi":"10.1002/mnfr.70305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mnfr.70305","url":null,"abstract":"The world population is aging at an alarming rate, which is an amalgamation of various causative factors. A significant factor contributing to this phenomenon is the dramatic change in the social conditions of the people such as the life style behavioral change, a sedentary pattern of living and a huge dependence on food lacking substantiated nutrition. It has become important to understand the intricate relationship between aging, epigenetics, and nutrition in order to sustain the best possible health and well-being. Aging encompasses numerous molecular, cellular, and systemic changes and is a multifaceted process that involves altered nutrition sensing. Epigenetic factors influence aging. These epigenetic changes affect genes linked to aging and age-related illnesses. A significant obstacle is the identification of key epigenetic markers that can predict health and aging rate. This could help in the prevention of age-related illness and slow the aging process. The precise biochemical mechanisms underlying the interplay between diet and nutrition in epigenetics are still unknown. It is therefore necessary to determine the best food regimens which would lead to epigenetic changes that would help in age gracefully. This research aims to identify a few selected nutrients and their possible effects on epigenetic modulations that might lead to delayed aging.","PeriodicalId":212,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Nutrition & Food Research","volume":"28 1","pages":"e70305"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145477451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The effectiveness of oral administration of autoprobiotic (nonpathogenic, indigenous) Enterococcus faecium or Enterococcus hirae for 20 days in patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS), characterized by obesity and impaired carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, was investigated. The dynamics of changes in anthropometric, biochemical parameters, and metabolism were monitored 14 and 28 days after the end of therapy. Clinical and laboratory changes after using autoprobiotics indicate a decrease in the severity of MetS. In the reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of blood serum metabolome, a significant decrease in the levels of all identified long-chain acylcarnitines - palmitoyl-L-carnitine (C16:0), stearoyl-L-carnitine (C18:0), and oleoyl-L-carnitine (C25), trimethylamine-N-oxide, and homocysteine 14 and 28 days after the end of therapy, and, conversely, a significant increase in L-histidine levels. The targeted gas-liquid chromatography showed an increase in the concentrations of hippuric, glycolic, methylmalonic acids, and 5-oxoproline at the same time. The effectiveness of therapy is confirmed by changes in serum and urinary metabolism, primarily aimed at correcting these and reducing signs characteristic of patients with obesity and impaired energy metabolism. The revealed positive changes in the concentration of individual serum and urine metabolites allow for their further use in a targeted study to predict the severity of MetS and the effectiveness of its therapy.
研究了以肥胖和碳水化合物和脂质代谢受损为特征的代谢综合征（MetS）患者口服自身益生菌（非致病性、本地）屎肠球菌或肝炎肠球菌20天的疗效。在治疗结束后14天和28天监测人体测量学、生化参数和代谢的动态变化。使用自体益生菌后的临床和实验室变化表明MetS的严重程度有所降低。在反相高效液相色谱-质谱分析血清代谢组中，所有鉴定的长链酰基肉毒碱-棕榈酰-左旋肉碱（C16:0），硬脂酰-左旋肉碱（C18:0），油酰-左旋肉碱（C25），三甲胺- n -氧化物和同型半胱氨酸的水平在治疗结束后14和28天显著下降，相反，l-组氨酸水平显著增加。目的气液色谱分析结果显示，马尿酸、乙醇酸、甲基丙二酸和5-氧脯氨酸的浓度同时升高。治疗的有效性通过血清和尿液代谢的变化得到证实，主要旨在纠正这些症状并减少肥胖和能量代谢受损患者的特征。个体血清和尿液代谢物浓度的阳性变化允许它们在有针对性的研究中进一步使用，以预测MetS的严重程度及其治疗效果。
{"title":"Health Reversion Effects of Autoprobiotics on Serum and Urine Metabolomes in Patients With Metabolic Syndrome: A Pilot Study.","authors":"Elena Ermolenko,Stanislav Sitkin,Lyubov Alferova,Semyon Ilyushonok,Petr Beltyukov,Vladimir Babakov,Nadezhda Novikova,Nikita Gladyshev,Grigoriy Berdichevskiy,Elena Demchenko,Alexander Suvorov","doi":"10.1002/mnfr.70273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mnfr.70273","url":null,"abstract":"The effectiveness of oral administration of autoprobiotic (nonpathogenic, indigenous) Enterococcus faecium or Enterococcus hirae for 20 days in patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS), characterized by obesity and impaired carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, was investigated. The dynamics of changes in anthropometric, biochemical parameters, and metabolism were monitored 14 and 28 days after the end of therapy. Clinical and laboratory changes after using autoprobiotics indicate a decrease in the severity of MetS. In the reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of blood serum metabolome, a significant decrease in the levels of all identified long-chain acylcarnitines - palmitoyl-L-carnitine (C16:0), stearoyl-L-carnitine (C18:0), and oleoyl-L-carnitine (C25), trimethylamine-N-oxide, and homocysteine 14 and 28 days after the end of therapy, and, conversely, a significant increase in L-histidine levels. The targeted gas-liquid chromatography showed an increase in the concentrations of hippuric, glycolic, methylmalonic acids, and 5-oxoproline at the same time. The effectiveness of therapy is confirmed by changes in serum and urinary metabolism, primarily aimed at correcting these and reducing signs characteristic of patients with obesity and impaired energy metabolism. The revealed positive changes in the concentration of individual serum and urine metabolites allow for their further use in a targeted study to predict the severity of MetS and the effectiveness of its therapy.","PeriodicalId":212,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Nutrition & Food Research","volume":"113 1","pages":"e70273"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145477664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Amblyopia is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by impaired vision in childhood and remains challenging to manage effectively. The present study investigated the neuroprotective potential of Rubus idaeus L. (red raspberry) in a rodent model of amblyopia. Through network pharmacology analysis, the PI3K/AKT axis was identified as a major regulatory target of R. idaeus L. treatment. In vitro, 1 µg/mL of R. idaeus L. significantly enhanced neuronal survival under oxidative stress (82.4% vs. 54.6%, p < 0.01) and reduced apoptotic cell death by 23.5% (p < 0.001). These protective effects correlated with elevated expression of anti-apoptotic proteins (Bcl-2, PI3K) and decreased levels of pro-apoptotic markers (Bax, cleaved caspase-3). In vivo, R. idaeus L. treatment improved visual evoked potentials in a monocular deprivation model, indicated by shorter P100 latency and increased amplitude. These effects were reversed by the PI3K inhibitor LY294002, supporting the involvement of the PI3K/AKT axis. Our findings suggest that R. idaeus L. holds potential as a novel therapeutic approach for amblyopia via modulation of neuroprotective pathways.
弱视是一种以儿童视力受损为特征的神经发育障碍，有效管理弱视仍然具有挑战性。研究了红树莓对弱视动物模型的神经保护作用。通过网络药理学分析，发现PI3K/AKT轴是鸢尾草治疗的主要调控靶点。在体外，1µg/mL褐皮菌可显著提高氧化应激下神经元的存活率（82.4% vs. 54.6%, p < 0.01），降低23.5%的凋亡细胞死亡（p < 0.001）。这些保护作用与抗凋亡蛋白（Bcl-2、PI3K）表达升高和促凋亡标志物（Bax、cleaved caspase-3）水平降低有关。在体内实验中，豚鼠治疗改善了单眼剥夺模型的视觉诱发电位，表现为P100潜伏期缩短和振幅增加。这些作用被PI3K抑制剂LY294002逆转，支持PI3K/AKT轴的参与。我们的研究结果表明，鸢尾草具有通过调节神经保护通路作为治疗弱视的新途径的潜力。
{"title":"Neuroprotective Effects of Rubus idaeus in Amblyopia.","authors":"Ying Zhao,Yan Yin","doi":"10.1002/mnfr.70288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mnfr.70288","url":null,"abstract":"Amblyopia is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by impaired vision in childhood and remains challenging to manage effectively. The present study investigated the neuroprotective potential of Rubus idaeus L. (red raspberry) in a rodent model of amblyopia. Through network pharmacology analysis, the PI3K/AKT axis was identified as a major regulatory target of R. idaeus L. treatment. In vitro, 1 µg/mL of R. idaeus L. significantly enhanced neuronal survival under oxidative stress (82.4% vs. 54.6%, p < 0.01) and reduced apoptotic cell death by 23.5% (p < 0.001). These protective effects correlated with elevated expression of anti-apoptotic proteins (Bcl-2, PI3K) and decreased levels of pro-apoptotic markers (Bax, cleaved caspase-3). In vivo, R. idaeus L. treatment improved visual evoked potentials in a monocular deprivation model, indicated by shorter P100 latency and increased amplitude. These effects were reversed by the PI3K inhibitor LY294002, supporting the involvement of the PI3K/AKT axis. Our findings suggest that R. idaeus L. holds potential as a novel therapeutic approach for amblyopia via modulation of neuroprotective pathways.","PeriodicalId":212,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Nutrition & Food Research","volume":"99 1","pages":"e70288"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145477665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jonas Pospiech, Ayelet Caspi, Walter Vetter, Zohar Kerem, Jan Frank, Thomas A. Kufer
Furan fatty acids (FuFA) are a minor class of fatty acids in food that are characterized by a furan ring within the alkyl chain. Furan fatty acids have strong antioxidant properties but their biological functions remain largely elusive. Using molecular docking combined with biomolecular validation, we investigated the regulatory activities of the key furan fatty acids 9M5, 11M5, and 11D5 on human nuclear receptors, including PPARγ, LXR, PXR, FXR, and HNF4α. Using computational methods, 11M5 and 11D5 and to a lesser extend 9M5 were predicted to bind to PPARγ. The activation of both PPARγ1 and PPARγ2 was confirmed in human HEK293T cells and structure‐activity experiments revealed that this was dependent on the furan fatty acid backbone. In summary, our data provide novel insights into the biological activities of furan fatty acids in human cells and indicate that activation of peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor gamma underlies their beneficial health effects. These findings establish a clear mechanistic basis, supported by the inactivity of related compounds, and we are confident that future expanded studies will further confirm this mechanism.
{"title":"The Furan Fatty Acids 11M5 and 11D5 Can Act as Activators of Human Peroxisome Proliferator‐Activated Receptor Gamma","authors":"Jonas Pospiech, Ayelet Caspi, Walter Vetter, Zohar Kerem, Jan Frank, Thomas A. Kufer","doi":"10.1002/mnfr.70309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mnfr.70309","url":null,"abstract":"Furan fatty acids (FuFA) are a minor class of fatty acids in food that are characterized by a furan ring within the alkyl chain. Furan fatty acids have strong antioxidant properties but their biological functions remain largely elusive. Using molecular docking combined with biomolecular validation, we investigated the regulatory activities of the key furan fatty acids 9M5, 11M5, and 11D5 on human nuclear receptors, including PPARγ, LXR, PXR, FXR, and HNF4α. Using computational methods, 11M5 and 11D5 and to a lesser extend 9M5 were predicted to bind to PPARγ. The activation of both PPARγ1 and PPARγ2 was confirmed in human HEK293T cells and structure‐activity experiments revealed that this was dependent on the furan fatty acid backbone. In summary, our data provide novel insights into the biological activities of furan fatty acids in human cells and indicate that activation of peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor gamma underlies their beneficial health effects. These findings establish a clear mechanistic basis, supported by the inactivity of related compounds, and we are confident that future expanded studies will further confirm this mechanism.","PeriodicalId":212,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Nutrition & Food Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145454748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hüsne Bolat, Taner Akbulut, Vedat Çınar, Emsal Çağla Avcu, Yavuz Yasul, Kenan Bozbay, Süleyman Aydın
This study explored the impact of aerobic and anaerobic exercise, combined with carnosine supplementation, on angiogenesis‐related biomarkers in cardiac and cerebral tissues. Forty‐five male Sprague‐Dawley rats were randomly allocated to seven groups: control (C), sham (S), carnosine (Cz), aerobic exercise (AE), anaerobic exercise (AnE), AE + Cz, and AnE + Cz. Exercise protocols were performed 5 days per week for 5 weeks (aerobic: 15 m/min; anaerobic: 25 m/min), while carnosine was administered orally (100 mg/kg/day). Biomarker levels of VEGF‐A, HIF‐1α, Ang‐1, MMP‐9, tumstatin, and endostatin were measured using ELISA, and data were analyzed by ANOVA, Pearson correlation, PCA, and hierarchical clustering. The myocardial tissue revealed that VEGF‐A, HIF‐1α, and Ang‐1 significantly increased in exercise and combined groups ( p < 0.05), with AE + Cz showing the highest VEGF‐A and AnE + Cz the highest HIF‐1α. The tumstatin and endostatin levels were significantly reduced in AE and AE + Cz groups. The brain tissue indicated that Ang‐1 increased, while tumstatin and endostatin consistently decreased across all exercise groups. PCA and clustering analyses revealed a dominant pro‐angiogenic profile in AE + Cz and AnE + Cz, whereas C, S, and Cz groups showed anti‐angiogenic tendencies. Carnosine supplementation may represent a nutritionally relevant approach to modulate exercise‐induced angiogenic adaptations with possible implications for cardiovascular and neurovascular health.
{"title":"Modulation of Angiogenesis‐Related Biomarkers in Brain and Myocardial Tissues by Exercise and Carnosine: An ELISA‐Based Analysis of VEGF‐A, HIF‐1α, Ang‐1, MMP‐9, and Anti‐Angiogenic Factors","authors":"Hüsne Bolat, Taner Akbulut, Vedat Çınar, Emsal Çağla Avcu, Yavuz Yasul, Kenan Bozbay, Süleyman Aydın","doi":"10.1002/mnfr.70298","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mnfr.70298","url":null,"abstract":"This study explored the impact of aerobic and anaerobic exercise, combined with carnosine supplementation, on angiogenesis‐related biomarkers in cardiac and cerebral tissues. Forty‐five male Sprague‐Dawley rats were randomly allocated to seven groups: control (C), sham (S), carnosine (Cz), aerobic exercise (AE), anaerobic exercise (AnE), AE + Cz, and AnE + Cz. Exercise protocols were performed 5 days per week for 5 weeks (aerobic: 15 m/min; anaerobic: 25 m/min), while carnosine was administered orally (100 mg/kg/day). Biomarker levels of VEGF‐A, HIF‐1α, Ang‐1, MMP‐9, tumstatin, and endostatin were measured using ELISA, and data were analyzed by ANOVA, Pearson correlation, PCA, and hierarchical clustering. The myocardial tissue revealed that VEGF‐A, HIF‐1α, and Ang‐1 significantly increased in exercise and combined groups ( <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> < 0.05), with AE + Cz showing the highest VEGF‐A and AnE + Cz the highest HIF‐1α. The tumstatin and endostatin levels were significantly reduced in AE and AE + Cz groups. The brain tissue indicated that Ang‐1 increased, while tumstatin and endostatin consistently decreased across all exercise groups. PCA and clustering analyses revealed a dominant pro‐angiogenic profile in AE + Cz and AnE + Cz, whereas C, S, and Cz groups showed anti‐angiogenic tendencies. Carnosine supplementation may represent a nutritionally relevant approach to modulate exercise‐induced angiogenic adaptations with possible implications for cardiovascular and neurovascular health.","PeriodicalId":212,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Nutrition & Food Research","volume":"136 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145447799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The gut microbiota plays a vital role in the aging process and the onset of age‐related diseases, offering promising targets for dietary interventions to support healthy aging. This diverse microbial community influences metabolism, immune function, and gut homeostasis, all of which are impacted by diet. Nutrients such as dietary fiber, polyphenols, plant‐based proteins, and fermented foods promote beneficial microbes and metabolites like short‐chain fatty acids (SCFAs), which help reduce inflammation and protect against chronic conditions, including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and neurodegenerative disorders. However, aging is often accompanied by reduced microbial diversity and dysbiosis, contributing to chronic low‐grade inflammation or, “inflammaging.” Dietary strategies incorporating prebiotics, probiotics, and postbiotics may help restore microbial balance and mitigate age‐related decline. Despite advances, challenges remain in translating microbiota research to clinical practice due to individual variability, limited human trials, and issues of accessibility. This review highlights the potential of microbiota‐focused diets in managing age‐related diseases and promoting longevity.
{"title":"Gut Microbiota and Dietary Strategies for Age‐Related Diseases","authors":"Prabhat Upadhyay, Sudhir Kumar, Hanish Singh Jayasingh Chellammal, Neha Sahu, Shivani Srivastava, Raj Kumar, Amin Gasmi","doi":"10.1002/mnfr.70308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mnfr.70308","url":null,"abstract":"The gut microbiota plays a vital role in the aging process and the onset of age‐related diseases, offering promising targets for dietary interventions to support healthy aging. This diverse microbial community influences metabolism, immune function, and gut homeostasis, all of which are impacted by diet. Nutrients such as dietary fiber, polyphenols, plant‐based proteins, and fermented foods promote beneficial microbes and metabolites like short‐chain fatty acids (SCFAs), which help reduce inflammation and protect against chronic conditions, including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and neurodegenerative disorders. However, aging is often accompanied by reduced microbial diversity and dysbiosis, contributing to chronic low‐grade inflammation or, “inflammaging.” Dietary strategies incorporating prebiotics, probiotics, and postbiotics may help restore microbial balance and mitigate age‐related decline. Despite advances, challenges remain in translating microbiota research to clinical practice due to individual variability, limited human trials, and issues of accessibility. This review highlights the potential of microbiota‐focused diets in managing age‐related diseases and promoting longevity.","PeriodicalId":212,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Nutrition & Food Research","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145447800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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