Milk‐derived bioactive peptides (BAPs) generated via microbial fermentation offer significant health benefits. However, the multi‐bioactivity potential of BAPs from indigenous probiotic consortia remains largely untapped, limiting therapeutic applications. This study investigated whether fermenting milk with a native probiotic consortium ( Bacillus spizizenii BAB 7915 and Bacillus subtilis BAB 7918) augments BAP activities over its constituent single strains. Post‐fermentation, BAPs (≤10 kDa) were purified, characterized (RP‐HPLC, OHR LCMS/MS), and assessed for α‐amylase inhibition, ABTS radical scavenging, and antimicrobial efficacy (MIC). Consortium fermentation markedly enhanced bioactivities. Consortium BAPs showed superior α‐amylase inhibition (90.80 ± 1.31%) and ABTS scavenging (54.17 ± 0.39%) over single strains/controls. They also displayed potent antimicrobial activity (MICs 2.5–5 µg/mL) against Pseudomonas aeruginosa MTCC 424, Proteus vulgaris MTCC 1771, Staphylococcus aureus MTCC 737, Streptococcus mutans MTCC 497, and B. subtilis MTCC 441. Indigenous probiotic consortia efficiently produce milk BAPs with augmented multi‐bioactivity, promising for managing type 2 diabetes, oxidative stress, and infections. Future studies should isolate and characterize individual peptides to confirm specific contributions, elucidate structure‐function relationships, and investigate their in vivo efficacy, bioavailability, and potential for encapsulation.
通过微生物发酵产生的乳源性生物活性肽（BAPs）具有显著的健康益处。然而，来自本地益生菌联合体的BAPs的多生物活性潜力仍然很大程度上未被开发，限制了治疗应用。本研究探讨了原生益生菌组合（芽孢杆菌（Bacillus spizizenii） BAB 7915和枯草芽孢杆菌（Bacillus subtilis） BAB 7918）发酵牛奶是否比其组成的单一菌株提高了BAP活性。发酵后，对BAPs（≤10 kDa）进行纯化、表征（RP - HPLC, OHR LCMS/MS），并评估α‐淀粉酶抑制、ABTS自由基清除和抗菌功效（MIC）。联合体发酵显著提高了生物活性。与单一菌株/对照相比，联合BAPs具有更好的α‐淀粉酶抑制（90.80±1.31%）和ABTS清除率（54.17±0.39%）。它们对铜绿假单胞菌MTCC 424、普通变形杆菌MTCC 1771、金黄色葡萄球菌MTCC 737、变形链球菌MTCC 497和枯草芽孢杆菌MTCC 441也显示出有效的抗菌活性（mic为2.5-5µg/mL）。本地益生菌联合体有效地产生具有增强多生物活性的牛奶BAPs，有望治疗2型糖尿病，氧化应激和感染。未来的研究应该分离和表征单个肽，以确认特定的贡献，阐明结构-功能关系，并研究它们的体内功效，生物利用度和封装潜力。
{"title":"Antioxidant, Antidiabetic, and Antimicrobial Activities of Bioactive Peptides Derived From Milk Fermented by Multi‐Strain Probiotic Consortium","authors":"Hina Maniya, Brij Pal Singh, Vijay Kumar","doi":"10.1002/mnfr.70322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mnfr.70322","url":null,"abstract":"Milk‐derived bioactive peptides (BAPs) generated via microbial fermentation offer significant health benefits. However, the multi‐bioactivity potential of BAPs from indigenous probiotic consortia remains largely untapped, limiting therapeutic applications. This study investigated whether fermenting milk with a native probiotic consortium ( <jats:italic>Bacillus spizizenii</jats:italic> BAB 7915 and <jats:italic>Bacillus subtilis</jats:italic> BAB 7918) augments BAP activities over its constituent single strains. Post‐fermentation, BAPs (≤10 kDa) were purified, characterized (RP‐HPLC, OHR LCMS/MS), and assessed for α‐amylase inhibition, ABTS radical scavenging, and antimicrobial efficacy (MIC). Consortium fermentation markedly enhanced bioactivities. Consortium BAPs showed superior α‐amylase inhibition (90.80 ± 1.31%) and ABTS scavenging (54.17 ± 0.39%) over single strains/controls. They also displayed potent antimicrobial activity (MICs 2.5–5 µg/mL) against <jats:italic>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</jats:italic> MTCC 424, <jats:italic>Proteus vulgaris</jats:italic> MTCC 1771, <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus</jats:italic> MTCC 737, <jats:italic>Streptococcus mutans</jats:italic> MTCC 497, and <jats:italic>B. subtilis</jats:italic> MTCC 441. Indigenous probiotic consortia efficiently produce milk BAPs with augmented multi‐bioactivity, promising for managing type 2 diabetes, oxidative stress, and infections. Future studies should isolate and characterize individual peptides to confirm specific contributions, elucidate structure‐function relationships, and investigate their in vivo efficacy, bioavailability, and potential for encapsulation.","PeriodicalId":212,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Nutrition & Food Research","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145583333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chiara Rucci, Enrica Sordini, Giuseppe Persico, Eugenia Ciurlia, Noemi Pappagallo, Giulia Matacchione, Marco Giorgio, Daniele Fraternale, Maria Cristina Albertini, Dale Annear, Peter De Rijk, Tim De Pooter, Mojca Strazisar, Wim Vanden Berghe, Laura Bordoni, Stefano Amatori, Rosita Gabbianelli
Mela Rosa Marchigiana (MRM) is an apple variety cultured in the center of Italy. Calluses derived from in vitro culture of MRM explants were used to obtain an ethanolic extract rich in pentacyclic triterpenic acids with putative anti‐inflammatory and anti‐aging effects. In this study, we investigated the transcriptomic and epigenetic effects of MRM callus extract (MRME) in an in vitro model of cellular senescence. Senescent HUVECs (sHUVECs) were treated with MRME. Transcriptomic analysis was performed to compare young HUVECs (yHUVECs) with sHUVECs and to evaluate the MRME's effect on sHUVECs. Results show that senescence induces major changes in the transcriptome of HUVECs. MRME downregulates TNF‐α signaling genes in sHUVECs restoring the expression to that observed in yHUVECs. Genome‐wide DNA methylation analysis performed using the Oxford‐Nanopore sequencing platform did not reveal significant changes in DNA methylation levels induced by MRME. Our preliminary results provide additional evidence suggesting that MRME exerts anti‐inflammatory and anti‐aging effects, which may be mediated by the modulation of the expression of inflammaging genes via mechanisms independent of DNA methylation. These findings highlight MRME as a promising candidate for further in vivo studies aimed at exploring its clinical translational potential in counteracting inflammaging.
Mela Rosa Marchigiana （MRM）是意大利中部种植的苹果品种。利用MRM外植体体外培养的愈伤组织获得一种富含五环三萜酸的乙醇提取物，该提取物具有抗炎和抗衰老作用。在这项研究中，我们研究了MRM愈伤组织提取物（MRME）在体外细胞衰老模型中的转录组学和表观遗传学效应。衰老HUVECs （sHUVECs）用MRME治疗。进行转录组学分析，比较年轻HUVECs （yHUVECs）和sHUVECs，并评估MRME对sHUVECs的影响。结果表明，衰老诱导HUVECs转录组发生重大变化。MRME下调sHUVECs中的TNF - α信号基因，使其表达恢复到yHUVECs中所观察到的水平。使用Oxford‐Nanopore测序平台进行的全基因组DNA甲基化分析未显示MRME诱导的DNA甲基化水平的显着变化。我们的初步结果提供了额外的证据，表明MRME具有抗炎和抗衰老作用，这可能是通过独立于DNA甲基化的机制调节炎症基因的表达来介导的。这些发现突出了MRME作为进一步体内研究的有希望的候选者，旨在探索其在对抗炎症方面的临床转化潜力。
{"title":"The Nutrigenomic Effect of Mela Rosa Marchigiana Callus Extract on Cellular Senescence: Insight From a Preliminary In Vitro Study","authors":"Chiara Rucci, Enrica Sordini, Giuseppe Persico, Eugenia Ciurlia, Noemi Pappagallo, Giulia Matacchione, Marco Giorgio, Daniele Fraternale, Maria Cristina Albertini, Dale Annear, Peter De Rijk, Tim De Pooter, Mojca Strazisar, Wim Vanden Berghe, Laura Bordoni, Stefano Amatori, Rosita Gabbianelli","doi":"10.1002/mnfr.70336","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mnfr.70336","url":null,"abstract":"Mela Rosa Marchigiana (MRM) is an apple variety cultured in the center of Italy. Calluses derived from in vitro culture of MRM explants were used to obtain an ethanolic extract rich in pentacyclic triterpenic acids with putative anti‐inflammatory and anti‐aging effects. In this study, we investigated the transcriptomic and epigenetic effects of MRM callus extract (MRME) in an in vitro model of cellular senescence. Senescent HUVECs (sHUVECs) were treated with MRME. Transcriptomic analysis was performed to compare young HUVECs (yHUVECs) with sHUVECs and to evaluate the MRME's effect on sHUVECs. Results show that senescence induces major changes in the transcriptome of HUVECs. MRME downregulates TNF‐α signaling genes in sHUVECs restoring the expression to that observed in yHUVECs. Genome‐wide DNA methylation analysis performed using the Oxford‐Nanopore sequencing platform did not reveal significant changes in DNA methylation levels induced by MRME. Our preliminary results provide additional evidence suggesting that MRME exerts anti‐inflammatory and anti‐aging effects, which may be mediated by the modulation of the expression of inflammaging genes via mechanisms independent of DNA methylation. These findings highlight MRME as a promising candidate for further in vivo studies aimed at exploring its clinical translational potential in counteracting inflammaging.","PeriodicalId":212,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Nutrition & Food Research","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145567335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rajan Logesh, Deepak Solanki, Kumarappan Chidambaram, Devesh Tewari, Seema Mehdi
Obesity is a growing health concern globally, and current pharmacological interventions often limits efficacy and undesirable side effects, necessitating the search for safer, functional food‐based alternatives. This study aims to evaluate the anti‐obesity potential of peanut shell extract (PSE), targeting pancreatic lipase enzyme (PLE), altering lipid metabolism. This study employed both in vitro and in vivo approaches. In vitro assays were conducted to assess the inhibitory activity of PSE and its isolated phytochemicals against PLE. In vivo studies involved an SF‐induced model, which was administered PSE, and the parameters such as BW, FI, serum lipid profile (LDL, TC, TG), and fecal lipid content were measured to evaluate therapeutic effects. PSE and their isolated phytochemicals showed significant inhibition of PLE activity in vitro with an IC 50 value ranging from 65.841–251.31 ng/mL, when compared to orlistat (49.297 ng/mL). In vivo administration of PSE resulted in a significant reduction in the BW, and serum lipid levels, along with a significant increase in fecal lipid excretion compared to control group. PSE exhibits potent anti‐obesity effects by inhibiting PLE and modulating lipid absorption and metabolism. These findings support its potential application as a functional food‐based therapeutic agent for obesity management.
{"title":"Flavonoid‐Rich Peanut Shell ( Arachis hypogaea ) Extract as a Functional Food Targeting Pancreatic Lipase to Regulate Lipid Metabolism in Rats","authors":"Rajan Logesh, Deepak Solanki, Kumarappan Chidambaram, Devesh Tewari, Seema Mehdi","doi":"10.1002/mnfr.70325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mnfr.70325","url":null,"abstract":"Obesity is a growing health concern globally, and current pharmacological interventions often limits efficacy and undesirable side effects, necessitating the search for safer, functional food‐based alternatives. This study aims to evaluate the anti‐obesity potential of peanut shell extract (PSE), targeting pancreatic lipase enzyme (PLE), altering lipid metabolism. This study employed both in vitro and in vivo approaches. In vitro assays were conducted to assess the inhibitory activity of PSE and its isolated phytochemicals against PLE. In vivo studies involved an SF‐induced model, which was administered PSE, and the parameters such as BW, FI, serum lipid profile (LDL, TC, TG), and fecal lipid content were measured to evaluate therapeutic effects. PSE and their isolated phytochemicals showed significant inhibition of PLE activity in vitro with an IC <jats:sub>50</jats:sub> value ranging from 65.841–251.31 ng/mL, when compared to orlistat (49.297 ng/mL). In vivo administration of PSE resulted in a significant reduction in the BW, and serum lipid levels, along with a significant increase in fecal lipid excretion compared to control group. PSE exhibits potent anti‐obesity effects by inhibiting PLE and modulating lipid absorption and metabolism. These findings support its potential application as a functional food‐based therapeutic agent for obesity management.","PeriodicalId":212,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Nutrition & Food Research","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145567336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Genetic and environmental factors jointly affect the onset of multiple sclerosis (MS), among which diet holds considerable interest as a potentially modifiable factor. A nested case–control study was conducted, including 303 participants with MS and 1212 age‐ and sex‐matched controls from the UK Biobank. Conditional logistic regression models were used to estimate the relationship between diet and MS. Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was employed to examine the genetic associations between various food types and the risk of MS. Mediation analyses were performed to determine the possible mediating effect of serum measurements using the Karlson–Holm–Breen method. Participants who regularly consumed oily fish and consumed more bread per week had a decreased risk of MS. Increased consumption of oily fish and cereal was genetically associated with a lower risk of MS. The association between oily fish intake and reduced risk of MS remained robust among several subgroups. Besides, vitamin D and neutrophil count mediated the protective effects of oily fish consumption against MS, independently. Increasing the intake of both oily fish and wholemeal/wholegrain bread may reduce the risk of MS onset, while vitamin D and neutrophil count play a partial mediating role during this process.
{"title":"Diet and the Risk of Multiple Sclerosis: Evidence With UK Biobank Nested Case–Control Study and Mendelian Randomization Analysis","authors":"Lian Chen, Xiao‐Wei Pang, Luo‐Qi Zhou, Wen‐Hui Song, Lu‐Yang Zhang, Li‐Fang Zhu, Wan‐Ning Li, Ming‐Hao Dong, Sheng Yang, Jun Xiao, Shuo‐Qi Zhang, Wei Wang, Dai‐Shi Tian, Chuan Qin","doi":"10.1002/mnfr.70313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mnfr.70313","url":null,"abstract":"Genetic and environmental factors jointly affect the onset of multiple sclerosis (MS), among which diet holds considerable interest as a potentially modifiable factor. A nested case–control study was conducted, including 303 participants with MS and 1212 age‐ and sex‐matched controls from the UK Biobank. Conditional logistic regression models were used to estimate the relationship between diet and MS. Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was employed to examine the genetic associations between various food types and the risk of MS. Mediation analyses were performed to determine the possible mediating effect of serum measurements using the Karlson–Holm–Breen method. Participants who regularly consumed oily fish and consumed more bread per week had a decreased risk of MS. Increased consumption of oily fish and cereal was genetically associated with a lower risk of MS. The association between oily fish intake and reduced risk of MS remained robust among several subgroups. Besides, vitamin D and neutrophil count mediated the protective effects of oily fish consumption against MS, independently. Increasing the intake of both oily fish and wholemeal/wholegrain bread may reduce the risk of MS onset, while vitamin D and neutrophil count play a partial mediating role during this process.","PeriodicalId":212,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Nutrition & Food Research","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145567337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Denise Mafra, Liana Trugilho, Fabiana Nerbass, Peter Stenvinkel, Ludmila F. M. F. Cardozo
Red and processed meat includes high‐quality proteins and essential sources of micronutrients, such as iron, zinc, and vitamin B12; however, high consumption is linked to an increased risk of chronic disease burden and also harms environmental sustainability, as methane produced by ruminant animals is a significant contributor to greenhouse gas emissions. New strategies to mitigate chronic disease risk and methane production have been developed, and the replacement of natural beef with “cultured beef” has been discussed. Cultured Meat is an innovative field that addresses human nutrition and environmental preservation. However, further research is needed regarding the effects on human health, including the chronic burden of lifestyle‐related diseases. This mini‐review summarizes recent findings on the production technologies, environmental footprint, and nutritional composition of cultured meat, highlighting both its promises and current limitations. Notably, no clinical trials have evaluated its health effects in humans, and sustainability claims remain largely theoretical and dependent on renewable energy sources.
{"title":"Could Cultured Meat Be a Sustainable and Safe Source of Protein?","authors":"Denise Mafra, Liana Trugilho, Fabiana Nerbass, Peter Stenvinkel, Ludmila F. M. F. Cardozo","doi":"10.1002/mnfr.70319","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mnfr.70319","url":null,"abstract":"Red and processed meat includes high‐quality proteins and essential sources of micronutrients, such as iron, zinc, and vitamin B12; however, high consumption is linked to an increased risk of chronic disease burden and also harms environmental sustainability, as methane produced by ruminant animals is a significant contributor to greenhouse gas emissions. New strategies to mitigate chronic disease risk and methane production have been developed, and the replacement of natural beef with “cultured beef” has been discussed. Cultured Meat is an innovative field that addresses human nutrition and environmental preservation. However, further research is needed regarding the effects on human health, including the chronic burden of lifestyle‐related diseases. This mini‐review summarizes recent findings on the production technologies, environmental footprint, and nutritional composition of cultured meat, highlighting both its promises and current limitations. Notably, no clinical trials have evaluated its health effects in humans, and sustainability claims remain largely theoretical and dependent on renewable energy sources.","PeriodicalId":212,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Nutrition & Food Research","volume":"78 1","pages":"e70319"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145559319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ilkay Buran, Seyda Secgin, H. Ceren Akal, Oguzhan Koca, Mehmet Ozdemir, Tahir Kahraman
The aim of this study is to determine the effects of synbiotic buffalo kefirs on streptozotocin (STZ)‐induced in vivo type 1 diabetes mellitus markers. Kefir was produced by adding Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifidobacterium bifidum , and fructooligosaccharide (FOS) to buffalo milk using DVS kefir culture. For the in vivo study, 70 male rats were fed buffalo kefir samples for 28 days. Physicochemical (pH, titration acidity, dry matter, fat, protein) and microbiological analyses were performed on kefir samples. Blood samples from the experimental animals were analyzed for malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutases (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), and diabetes parameters. The results showed that the probiotic bacterial count was highest in the sample containing FOS+ Lb. acidophilus . In diabetic rats, triglyceride levels decreased significantly in the group consuming the FOS +B. bifidum sample. High‐density lipoprotein and total cholesterol levels remained unchanged. In groups consuming synbiotic buffalo kefir, a decrease in lipid peroxidation resulting from oxidative stress and significant increases in the activity of antioxidant defense enzymes SOD and GPX were detected. Synbiotic buffalo kefir samples reduced the MDA values in all diabetic groups. The findings suggest that consuming synbiotic buffalo kefir may help mitigate the effects of type 1 diabetes mellitus.
{"title":"Investigation of the Protective Effects of Synbiotic Buffalo Kefir in Rats With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus","authors":"Ilkay Buran, Seyda Secgin, H. Ceren Akal, Oguzhan Koca, Mehmet Ozdemir, Tahir Kahraman","doi":"10.1002/mnfr.70324","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mnfr.70324","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study is to determine the effects of synbiotic buffalo kefirs on streptozotocin (STZ)‐induced in vivo type 1 diabetes mellitus markers. Kefir was produced by adding <jats:italic>Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifidobacterium bifidum</jats:italic> , and fructooligosaccharide (FOS) to buffalo milk using DVS kefir culture. For the in vivo study, 70 male rats were fed buffalo kefir samples for 28 days. Physicochemical (pH, titration acidity, dry matter, fat, protein) and microbiological analyses were performed on kefir samples. Blood samples from the experimental animals were analyzed for malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutases (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), and diabetes parameters. The results showed that the probiotic bacterial count was highest in the sample containing FOS+ <jats:italic>Lb. acidophilus</jats:italic> . In diabetic rats, triglyceride levels decreased significantly in the group consuming the FOS <jats:italic>+B. bifidum</jats:italic> sample. High‐density lipoprotein and total cholesterol levels remained unchanged. In groups consuming synbiotic buffalo kefir, a decrease in lipid peroxidation resulting from oxidative stress and significant increases in the activity of antioxidant defense enzymes SOD and GPX were detected. Synbiotic buffalo kefir samples reduced the MDA values in all diabetic groups. The findings suggest that consuming synbiotic buffalo kefir may help mitigate the effects of type 1 diabetes mellitus.","PeriodicalId":212,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Nutrition & Food Research","volume":"51 1","pages":"e70324"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145559318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) affects over two billion people globally and is often treated with conventional iron supplements, which frequently have poor tolerability and limited bioavailability. This systematic review examines the potential of Arthrospira platensis (Spirulina) and Chlorella vulgaris as alternative, bioavailable iron sources. A systematic search was conducted by Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, identifying 32 in vivo studies (7 human, 25 animal) that evaluated iron-related outcomes of microalgae supplementation. Both A. platensis and C. vulgaris improved hematological parameters, including hemoglobin, serum ferritin, and red blood cell counts. A. platensis showed more vigorous erythropoietic activity, while C. vulgaris enhanced antioxidant defenses, increasing superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity and reducing lipid peroxidation. Both microalgae reduced inflammation-induced hepcidin levels, thereby supporting improved iron absorption. No significant adverse effects or organ toxicity were reported in any of the included studies. A. platensis and C. vulgaris are safe and effective microalgal supplements that enhance iron status and antioxidant defense, presenting promising alternatives to conventional iron therapy. However, longer-term human clinical trials are needed to validate these findings and determine optimal dosing strategies.
{"title":"Arthrospira platensis and Chlorella vulgaris Consumption on Iron Status: A Systematic Review of In Vivo Studies.","authors":"Alexandra Lacurezeanu,Dan Cristian Vodnar","doi":"10.1002/mnfr.70318","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mnfr.70318","url":null,"abstract":"Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) affects over two billion people globally and is often treated with conventional iron supplements, which frequently have poor tolerability and limited bioavailability. This systematic review examines the potential of Arthrospira platensis (Spirulina) and Chlorella vulgaris as alternative, bioavailable iron sources. A systematic search was conducted by Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, identifying 32 in vivo studies (7 human, 25 animal) that evaluated iron-related outcomes of microalgae supplementation. Both A. platensis and C. vulgaris improved hematological parameters, including hemoglobin, serum ferritin, and red blood cell counts. A. platensis showed more vigorous erythropoietic activity, while C. vulgaris enhanced antioxidant defenses, increasing superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity and reducing lipid peroxidation. Both microalgae reduced inflammation-induced hepcidin levels, thereby supporting improved iron absorption. No significant adverse effects or organ toxicity were reported in any of the included studies. A. platensis and C. vulgaris are safe and effective microalgal supplements that enhance iron status and antioxidant defense, presenting promising alternatives to conventional iron therapy. However, longer-term human clinical trials are needed to validate these findings and determine optimal dosing strategies.","PeriodicalId":212,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Nutrition & Food Research","volume":"157 1","pages":"e70318"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145545093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Michael Leonidas Chikindas, Diana E. Roopchand, Santosh Kumar Tiwari, Liubov S. Sichel, Mukund V. Karwe, Nitin Nitin, Vitor Luis Fagundes, Igor V. Popov, John R. Tagg, Xuanxuan Lu, Svetoslav Dimitrov Todorov
Postbiotics have emerged as a promising alternative to live probiotics, offering comparable health benefits while overcoming challenges related to safety, stability, and shelf life. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of postbiotic research, beginning with updated definitions and the rationale for transitioning from live microbial formulations to inanimate postbiotics. We examine the diverse mechanisms by which postbiotics modulate host physiology, including enhancement of epithelial barrier function, immunomodulation, systemic metabolic regulation, neuroactive effects, anti‐inflammatory activities, and anticancer properties. Detailed discussions highlight how bioactive components—such as bacteriocins, exopolysaccharides (EPS), short‐chain fatty acids (SCFA), and specific proteins (e.g., Amuc_1100 and P9 from Akkermansia muciniphila )—mediate these effects through complex cellular signaling pathways and host‐microbe interactions. Furthermore, we review the antimicrobial potential of postbiotic formulations, emphasizing their role in controlling pathogenic and spoilage microorganisms. Various methods for microbial inactivation are discussed, ranging from conventional thermal techniques (e.g., pasteurization and ohmic heating) to non‐thermal approaches (e.g., ultrasonication, ionizing radiation, and ultraviolet light), as well as innovative hybrid methods that combine chemical, physical, and enzymatic treatments. These strategies not only ensure the complete inactivation of live microorganisms but also preserve the integrity and bioactivity of postbiotic compounds. Comparative analyses of live probiotics versus postbiotics reveal that inactivated formulations can deliver similar or even enhanced health benefits, with superior safety profiles and improved quality control. The review concludes by addressing current challenges in standardizing postbiotic definitions and production processes and by outlining future research directions necessary to unlock their full potential in clinical, nutritional, and biotechnological applications.
{"title":"An Integrated Engineering Approach to Creating Health‐Modulating Postbiotics","authors":"Michael Leonidas Chikindas, Diana E. Roopchand, Santosh Kumar Tiwari, Liubov S. Sichel, Mukund V. Karwe, Nitin Nitin, Vitor Luis Fagundes, Igor V. Popov, John R. Tagg, Xuanxuan Lu, Svetoslav Dimitrov Todorov","doi":"10.1002/mnfr.70326","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mnfr.70326","url":null,"abstract":"Postbiotics have emerged as a promising alternative to live probiotics, offering comparable health benefits while overcoming challenges related to safety, stability, and shelf life. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of postbiotic research, beginning with updated definitions and the rationale for transitioning from live microbial formulations to inanimate postbiotics. We examine the diverse mechanisms by which postbiotics modulate host physiology, including enhancement of epithelial barrier function, immunomodulation, systemic metabolic regulation, neuroactive effects, anti‐inflammatory activities, and anticancer properties. Detailed discussions highlight how bioactive components—such as bacteriocins, exopolysaccharides (EPS), short‐chain fatty acids (SCFA), and specific proteins (e.g., Amuc_1100 and P9 from <jats:italic>Akkermansia muciniphila</jats:italic> )—mediate these effects through complex cellular signaling pathways and host‐microbe interactions. Furthermore, we review the antimicrobial potential of postbiotic formulations, emphasizing their role in controlling pathogenic and spoilage microorganisms. Various methods for microbial inactivation are discussed, ranging from conventional thermal techniques (e.g., pasteurization and ohmic heating) to non‐thermal approaches (e.g., ultrasonication, ionizing radiation, and ultraviolet light), as well as innovative hybrid methods that combine chemical, physical, and enzymatic treatments. These strategies not only ensure the complete inactivation of live microorganisms but also preserve the integrity and bioactivity of postbiotic compounds. Comparative analyses of live probiotics versus postbiotics reveal that inactivated formulations can deliver similar or even enhanced health benefits, with superior safety profiles and improved quality control. The review concludes by addressing current challenges in standardizing postbiotic definitions and production processes and by outlining future research directions necessary to unlock their full potential in clinical, nutritional, and biotechnological applications.","PeriodicalId":212,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Nutrition & Food Research","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145535928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ángela Bravo‐Núñez, Laura Salvia‐Trujillo, Mohsen Ramezani, Emmanuelle Reboul, Olga Martín‐Belloso
This study aimed at evaluating the potential of pea protein isolate (PPI) and corn arabinoxylans (CAX) as emulsifiers to develop plant‐based drinks enriched in vitamin D 3 . The effect of PPI and CAX as emulsifiers on structural changes of emulsions during digestion, lipid digestion kinetics, final lipid digestion, and vitamin D 3 bioaccessibility, alone or included in an oat milk (OM) drink, was assessed. PPI was used alone or in combination with corn arabinoxylans (PPI+CAX) and Tween 80 was used as a control emulsifier. All resulting emulsions presented small droplet sizes (D (3,2) = 0.57–2.58 µm). The incorporation of the emulsions into OM reduced the bridging phenomena observed in emulsions stabilized with PPI+CAX, hence presenting a higher colloidal stability. This incorporation also prevented droplet coalescence during digestion of emulsions, as shown in the microcopy images during oral and gastric digestion in the presence of PPI or PPI+CAX as emulsifiers. However, the incorporation of PPI and PPI+CAX emulsions into OM resulted in a decreased digestion rate compared to the emulsions alone. However, no significant differences were found in the final fatty acid or the bioaccessibility of vitamin D 3 . Taken together, these results underline the potential of PPI+CAX in the development of plant‐based beverages efficiently supplying vitamin D 3 .
{"title":"Vitamin D 3 Emulsions Stabilized With Pea Proteins and Arabinoxylans as a Fortification Strategy for Plant‐Based Beverages","authors":"Ángela Bravo‐Núñez, Laura Salvia‐Trujillo, Mohsen Ramezani, Emmanuelle Reboul, Olga Martín‐Belloso","doi":"10.1002/mnfr.70312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mnfr.70312","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed at evaluating the potential of pea protein isolate (PPI) and corn arabinoxylans (CAX) as emulsifiers to develop plant‐based drinks enriched in vitamin D <jats:sub>3</jats:sub> . The effect of PPI and CAX as emulsifiers on structural changes of emulsions during digestion, lipid digestion kinetics, final lipid digestion, and vitamin D <jats:sub>3</jats:sub> bioaccessibility, alone or included in an oat milk (OM) drink, was assessed. PPI was used alone or in combination with corn arabinoxylans (PPI+CAX) and Tween 80 was used as a control emulsifier. All resulting emulsions presented small droplet sizes (D <jats:sub>(3,2)</jats:sub> = 0.57–2.58 µm). The incorporation of the emulsions into OM reduced the bridging phenomena observed in emulsions stabilized with PPI+CAX, hence presenting a higher colloidal stability. This incorporation also prevented droplet coalescence during digestion of emulsions, as shown in the microcopy images during oral and gastric digestion in the presence of PPI or PPI+CAX as emulsifiers. However, the incorporation of PPI and PPI+CAX emulsions into OM resulted in a decreased digestion rate compared to the emulsions alone. However, no significant differences were found in the final fatty acid or the bioaccessibility of vitamin D <jats:sub>3</jats:sub> . Taken together, these results underline the potential of PPI+CAX in the development of plant‐based beverages efficiently supplying vitamin D <jats:sub>3</jats:sub> .","PeriodicalId":212,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Nutrition & Food Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145535927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Takoua Ben Attia, Raja Serairi‐Beji, Mabrouk Horchani, Sara Aloui, Mariem Salhi, Said Galai, Linda Bel Haj Kacem, Hichem Ben Jannet, Eduardo Alberto López‐Maldonado, Abada Mhamdi
This study evaluated the cardioprotective effects of Alpinia galanga rhizome extract (GRE) against noise‐induced myocardial injury via phytochemical profiling, molecular docking, and in vivo assessment. Male Wistar rats ( n = 6/group) were assigned to the following four groups: control (C), control + GRE (100 mg/kg), noise‐exposed (N), and noise‐exposed + GRE (N+GRE, 100 mg/kg). Rats in the N and N+GRE groups were exposed to 90 dB(A) white noise for 2 h/day for 28 days, with GRE administered orally throughout the exposure period. Phytochemical analysis confirmed the presence of flavonoids and phenolic acids with known antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory activities. In vitro, GRE significantly reduced nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide‐stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages. In vivo, noise exposure elevated cardiac malondialdehyde levels, impaired antioxidant enzyme activity, and increased circulating tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α) and heme oxygenase‐1 (HO‐1) levels. GRE treatment restored redox balance, suppressed proinflammatory mediator levels, and improved histopathological alterations. Molecular docking analysis indicated strong binding of GRE phytoconstituents to HO‐1 and TNF‐α, supporting the observed in vivo effects. These findings demonstrate that GRE mitigates noise‐induced cardiac injury through its antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory properties, highlighting its therapeutic potential
{"title":"Alpinia galanga Rhizome Extract Shields Against Noise‐Induced Cardiotoxicity via Antioxidant and Anti‐Inflammatory Actions: Experimental Insights","authors":"Takoua Ben Attia, Raja Serairi‐Beji, Mabrouk Horchani, Sara Aloui, Mariem Salhi, Said Galai, Linda Bel Haj Kacem, Hichem Ben Jannet, Eduardo Alberto López‐Maldonado, Abada Mhamdi","doi":"10.1002/mnfr.70320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mnfr.70320","url":null,"abstract":"This study evaluated the cardioprotective effects of <jats:italic>Alpinia galanga</jats:italic> rhizome extract (GRE) against noise‐induced myocardial injury via phytochemical profiling, molecular docking, and in vivo assessment. Male Wistar rats ( <jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 6/group) were assigned to the following four groups: control (C), control + GRE (100 mg/kg), noise‐exposed (N), and noise‐exposed + GRE (N+GRE, 100 mg/kg). Rats in the N and N+GRE groups were exposed to 90 dB(A) white noise for 2 h/day for 28 days, with GRE administered orally throughout the exposure period. Phytochemical analysis confirmed the presence of flavonoids and phenolic acids with known antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory activities. In vitro, GRE significantly reduced nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide‐stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages. In vivo, noise exposure elevated cardiac malondialdehyde levels, impaired antioxidant enzyme activity, and increased circulating tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α) and heme oxygenase‐1 (HO‐1) levels. GRE treatment restored redox balance, suppressed proinflammatory mediator levels, and improved histopathological alterations. Molecular docking analysis indicated strong binding of GRE phytoconstituents to HO‐1 and TNF‐α, supporting the observed in vivo effects. These findings demonstrate that GRE mitigates noise‐induced cardiac injury through its antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory properties, highlighting its therapeutic potential","PeriodicalId":212,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Nutrition & Food Research","volume":"147 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145532135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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