Pub Date : 1998-02-15DOI: 10.1109/ICBEM.1998.666382
D. Cheng, K. Cheng
An automatic image segmentation technique is developed for segmenting the hematoma area from brain CT images. The features of an image are firstly extracted based upon the multiresolution method, and then fuzzy c-means clustering technique is applied for optimal classification. It is compared to other thresholding method such as fuzzy c-means, competitive Hopfield neural network, and fuzzy Hopfield neural network. From the results, it is shown that this proposed method is superior to those thresholding techniques. It is very useful and helpful for the physicians in studying the relationship between the size of hematoma and the clinical symptoms.
{"title":"Multiresolution based fuzzy c-means clustering for brain hemorrhage analysis","authors":"D. Cheng, K. Cheng","doi":"10.1109/ICBEM.1998.666382","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICBEM.1998.666382","url":null,"abstract":"An automatic image segmentation technique is developed for segmenting the hematoma area from brain CT images. The features of an image are firstly extracted based upon the multiresolution method, and then fuzzy c-means clustering technique is applied for optimal classification. It is compared to other thresholding method such as fuzzy c-means, competitive Hopfield neural network, and fuzzy Hopfield neural network. From the results, it is shown that this proposed method is superior to those thresholding techniques. It is very useful and helpful for the physicians in studying the relationship between the size of hematoma and the clinical symptoms.","PeriodicalId":213764,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Bioelectromagnetism (Cat. No.98TH8269)","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126559822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-02-15DOI: 10.1109/ICBEM.1998.666377
W. Page, B. Rapley
A computer program has been developed which models the magnetic fields of circular-form coils including: short solenoid; long solenoid; Helmholtz and Maxwell pairs. The program utilises a numerical approximation to the analytical solution to achieve high accuracy. This program is useful in designing coils for ELF research and in determining the field patterns of designs reported in the literature.
{"title":"MagneSim: a simple magnetic field modelling program","authors":"W. Page, B. Rapley","doi":"10.1109/ICBEM.1998.666377","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICBEM.1998.666377","url":null,"abstract":"A computer program has been developed which models the magnetic fields of circular-form coils including: short solenoid; long solenoid; Helmholtz and Maxwell pairs. The program utilises a numerical approximation to the analytical solution to achieve high accuracy. This program is useful in designing coils for ELF research and in determining the field patterns of designs reported in the literature.","PeriodicalId":213764,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Bioelectromagnetism (Cat. No.98TH8269)","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121943873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-02-15DOI: 10.1109/ICBEM.1998.666422
Christie Q. Huang, Paul Carter, R. K. Shepherd, P. Seligman, Bruce Tabor, Graeme M. Clark
Direct current (DC) was measured both in vivo and in vitro in cochlear implant electrodes with stimulation at moderate to high pulse rates in monopolar and bipolar modes. In vivo DC was approximately 2-3 times higher than that measured in vitro. In vivo DC levels were <100 nA even at very high rates, although DC levels increased as a function of stimulus rate and charge intensity. DC levels were lower in the monopolar than in the bipolar stimulation condition. Stimulation with a monopolar capacitively coupled extracochlear electrode showed even lower DC levels in the intracochlear electrodes. The authors' results indicated that the Nucleus electrode shorting system is able to maintain a low level of DC during very high rate stimulation for both monopolar and bipolar modes.
{"title":"Direct current measurements in cochlear implants: an in vivo and in vitro study","authors":"Christie Q. Huang, Paul Carter, R. K. Shepherd, P. Seligman, Bruce Tabor, Graeme M. Clark","doi":"10.1109/ICBEM.1998.666422","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICBEM.1998.666422","url":null,"abstract":"Direct current (DC) was measured both in vivo and in vitro in cochlear implant electrodes with stimulation at moderate to high pulse rates in monopolar and bipolar modes. In vivo DC was approximately 2-3 times higher than that measured in vitro. In vivo DC levels were <100 nA even at very high rates, although DC levels increased as a function of stimulus rate and charge intensity. DC levels were lower in the monopolar than in the bipolar stimulation condition. Stimulation with a monopolar capacitively coupled extracochlear electrode showed even lower DC levels in the intracochlear electrodes. The authors' results indicated that the Nucleus electrode shorting system is able to maintain a low level of DC during very high rate stimulation for both monopolar and bipolar modes.","PeriodicalId":213764,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Bioelectromagnetism (Cat. No.98TH8269)","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134053261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-02-15DOI: 10.1109/ICBEM.1998.666417
D. Laycock
This paper discusses the rationale behind the application of pulsed magnetic field therapy with particular respect to multiple sclerosis (MS). Several research projects are currently being undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of both picotesla and low frequency fields. These include: (a) the link between brain wave activity and MS; (b) the effects of picotesla devices on brain wave activity; and (c) the application of low frequency fields directly to the spine. The main features of this research and the interim findings are outlined.
{"title":"Theory and application of magnetic field therapy in multiple sclerosis","authors":"D. Laycock","doi":"10.1109/ICBEM.1998.666417","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICBEM.1998.666417","url":null,"abstract":"This paper discusses the rationale behind the application of pulsed magnetic field therapy with particular respect to multiple sclerosis (MS). Several research projects are currently being undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of both picotesla and low frequency fields. These include: (a) the link between brain wave activity and MS; (b) the effects of picotesla devices on brain wave activity; and (c) the application of low frequency fields directly to the spine. The main features of this research and the interim findings are outlined.","PeriodicalId":213764,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Bioelectromagnetism (Cat. No.98TH8269)","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116108595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-02-15DOI: 10.1109/ICBEM.1998.666415
L. Ward, B. Cornish, N. Fuller, O. Dewit, M. Elia, B. Thomas
A novel method utilising both tetrapolar and bipolar impedance analysis was developed for the measurement of the impedance of skin and underlying subcutaneous tissue. Impedance and skin-fold thickness were measured at four sites (biceps, triceps, subscapular and suprailiac) conventionally used for measurement of skin-folds and estimation of total body fat. Impedance was highly and significantly correlated (r=0.80 to 0.94) with skin-folds at three sites (biceps, subscapular, suprailiac) and more weakly (r=0.57) at the triceps. Both inter- and intra-observer reliability of measurement of impedance was higher than for skin-folds. The method has potential as a simple but more reliable method for the estimation of skin-folds but awaits validation against an accepted reference method such as ultra-sound or MRI.
{"title":"Bioelectrical impedance analysis: the electronic skin-fold caliper?","authors":"L. Ward, B. Cornish, N. Fuller, O. Dewit, M. Elia, B. Thomas","doi":"10.1109/ICBEM.1998.666415","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICBEM.1998.666415","url":null,"abstract":"A novel method utilising both tetrapolar and bipolar impedance analysis was developed for the measurement of the impedance of skin and underlying subcutaneous tissue. Impedance and skin-fold thickness were measured at four sites (biceps, triceps, subscapular and suprailiac) conventionally used for measurement of skin-folds and estimation of total body fat. Impedance was highly and significantly correlated (r=0.80 to 0.94) with skin-folds at three sites (biceps, subscapular, suprailiac) and more weakly (r=0.57) at the triceps. Both inter- and intra-observer reliability of measurement of impedance was higher than for skin-folds. The method has potential as a simple but more reliable method for the estimation of skin-folds but awaits validation against an accepted reference method such as ultra-sound or MRI.","PeriodicalId":213764,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Bioelectromagnetism (Cat. No.98TH8269)","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116711801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-02-15DOI: 10.1109/ICBEM.1998.666449
A. Fedorowski, A. Steciwko, E. Ziobro
Diagnostic measurement of electric skin conductivity (ESC) called the Ryodoraku system was introduced in mid 1950s by Nakatani. As has been shown by Ziobro et al. in case of infantile cerebral palsy, changes of ESC may provide a valuable electrophysiological parameter for monitoring a therapy. In this study ESC was measured in asthmatic children treated with a bioelectronic unit VEGA-SELECT. Analysis of results was performed using the Pareto method and an artificial neural network. Significant changes of ESC values were observed, both before and after therapy. The authors suggest that measurement of ESC at Nakatani's points might serve as a useful method for early diagnosis as well as for monitoring a bioelectronic therapy.
{"title":"Variability of electric skin conductivity on selected points as a potential diagnostic and prognostic test in asthmatic children","authors":"A. Fedorowski, A. Steciwko, E. Ziobro","doi":"10.1109/ICBEM.1998.666449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICBEM.1998.666449","url":null,"abstract":"Diagnostic measurement of electric skin conductivity (ESC) called the Ryodoraku system was introduced in mid 1950s by Nakatani. As has been shown by Ziobro et al. in case of infantile cerebral palsy, changes of ESC may provide a valuable electrophysiological parameter for monitoring a therapy. In this study ESC was measured in asthmatic children treated with a bioelectronic unit VEGA-SELECT. Analysis of results was performed using the Pareto method and an artificial neural network. Significant changes of ESC values were observed, both before and after therapy. The authors suggest that measurement of ESC at Nakatani's points might serve as a useful method for early diagnosis as well as for monitoring a bioelectronic therapy.","PeriodicalId":213764,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Bioelectromagnetism (Cat. No.98TH8269)","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114569526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-02-15DOI: 10.1109/ICBEM.1998.666393
R. Lehtinen, O. Hoist, V. Turjanmaa, L. Edenbrandt, O. Pahlm, J. Malmivuo
The objective of this study was to apply an artificial neural network in computerized exercise ECG analysis for detection of coronary artery disease (CAD). A multilayer perceptron neural network with backpropagation weight updating was developed and validated with a study population of 347 patients. The neural network was fed with 27 input nodes, two hidden nodes and one output node. The input nodes consisted of three exercise ECG variables, the end-exercise ST-segment depression, ST depression/heart rate (ST/HR) index and ST/HR hysteresis, each of which determined from leads I, II, III, aVF, V2, V3, V4, V5, V6. The desired output was O for patients without CAD and I for patients with CAD which was verified by coronary angiography. The performance of the neural network measured as the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was 91.5% The discriminative capacity of the network was greater than provided by any of the 27 single inputs alone. In conclusion, the results suggest that the diagnostic accuracy of the exercise electrocardiographic ST/HR analysis in detection of CAD can be further improved by using neural networks.
{"title":"Artificial neural network for the exercise electrocardiographic detection of coronary artery disease","authors":"R. Lehtinen, O. Hoist, V. Turjanmaa, L. Edenbrandt, O. Pahlm, J. Malmivuo","doi":"10.1109/ICBEM.1998.666393","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICBEM.1998.666393","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study was to apply an artificial neural network in computerized exercise ECG analysis for detection of coronary artery disease (CAD). A multilayer perceptron neural network with backpropagation weight updating was developed and validated with a study population of 347 patients. The neural network was fed with 27 input nodes, two hidden nodes and one output node. The input nodes consisted of three exercise ECG variables, the end-exercise ST-segment depression, ST depression/heart rate (ST/HR) index and ST/HR hysteresis, each of which determined from leads I, II, III, aVF, V2, V3, V4, V5, V6. The desired output was O for patients without CAD and I for patients with CAD which was verified by coronary angiography. The performance of the neural network measured as the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was 91.5% The discriminative capacity of the network was greater than provided by any of the 27 single inputs alone. In conclusion, the results suggest that the diagnostic accuracy of the exercise electrocardiographic ST/HR analysis in detection of CAD can be further improved by using neural networks.","PeriodicalId":213764,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Bioelectromagnetism (Cat. No.98TH8269)","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126632134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-02-15DOI: 10.1109/ICBEM.1998.666441
J.L. Kalju, K. Meigas, H. Hinrikus, J. Kaik
The system of different electrically measured physiological parameters have been investigated to develop a model for heart rate reconstruction for rate adaptive pacing. There were three different parameters under examination: QT interval, ventilation volume and physical activity. The simultaneous non-invasive measurements of ECG, transthoracic impedance and physical activity for a group of healthy persons during different predetermined exercise tests and normal daily activities have been carried out. A special multichannel recording instrument has been developed for noninvasive registration of signals. Linear combination of QT and activity parameters gives a relatively simple, but satisfactory bases for heart rate reconstruction for rate adaptive cardiac pacing purposes. The developed model was tested with the group of persons and relative mean squared error between calculated and natural heart rate for the group turned to be 8.4%.
{"title":"System of electrically measured physiological parameters for reconstruction of heart rate","authors":"J.L. Kalju, K. Meigas, H. Hinrikus, J. Kaik","doi":"10.1109/ICBEM.1998.666441","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICBEM.1998.666441","url":null,"abstract":"The system of different electrically measured physiological parameters have been investigated to develop a model for heart rate reconstruction for rate adaptive pacing. There were three different parameters under examination: QT interval, ventilation volume and physical activity. The simultaneous non-invasive measurements of ECG, transthoracic impedance and physical activity for a group of healthy persons during different predetermined exercise tests and normal daily activities have been carried out. A special multichannel recording instrument has been developed for noninvasive registration of signals. Linear combination of QT and activity parameters gives a relatively simple, but satisfactory bases for heart rate reconstruction for rate adaptive cardiac pacing purposes. The developed model was tested with the group of persons and relative mean squared error between calculated and natural heart rate for the group turned to be 8.4%.","PeriodicalId":213764,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Bioelectromagnetism (Cat. No.98TH8269)","volume":"102 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123541908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-02-15DOI: 10.1109/ICBEM.1998.666459
S. Palit
The biological effects of electromagnetic fields are reviewed in this paper. It is found that exposure to excessive levels of electromagnetic power over prolonged periods can cause adverse health effects. This paper presents occupational and general exposure limits recently adopted by the World Health Organisation (WHO).
{"title":"Biological effects of electromagnetic waves-an overview","authors":"S. Palit","doi":"10.1109/ICBEM.1998.666459","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICBEM.1998.666459","url":null,"abstract":"The biological effects of electromagnetic fields are reviewed in this paper. It is found that exposure to excessive levels of electromagnetic power over prolonged periods can cause adverse health effects. This paper presents occupational and general exposure limits recently adopted by the World Health Organisation (WHO).","PeriodicalId":213764,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Bioelectromagnetism (Cat. No.98TH8269)","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122275243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-02-15DOI: 10.1109/ICBEM.1998.666375
J. Riipulk, H. Hinrikus
Microwave radiometric system for acquisition and visualization of microwave radiation emitted from tissues is presented. It is used for detection of anomalies in breast. The system displays the spatial distribution of the measured radiometric signal as a color map on the image of the breast. Image recognition software is used to trace the position of the radiometer probe on the breast.
{"title":"Mapping of microwave radiation of tissues for exploration of breast tumors","authors":"J. Riipulk, H. Hinrikus","doi":"10.1109/ICBEM.1998.666375","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICBEM.1998.666375","url":null,"abstract":"Microwave radiometric system for acquisition and visualization of microwave radiation emitted from tissues is presented. It is used for detection of anomalies in breast. The system displays the spatial distribution of the measured radiometric signal as a color map on the image of the breast. Image recognition software is used to trace the position of the radiometer probe on the breast.","PeriodicalId":213764,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Bioelectromagnetism (Cat. No.98TH8269)","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131996930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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