Pub Date : 1998-02-15DOI: 10.1109/ICBEM.1998.666381
S. Karlsson, Jun Yu, M. Akay
The wavelet packet method is introduced as an alternative method for spectral analysis of surface myoelectric (ME) signals. Both computer synthesised and real myoelectric signals during static contractions are investigated, and the results show that the wavelet packet method performs equally well as the Fourier method. Moreover, wavelet packets give one some advantage over the traditional methods such as multiresolution of frequency, as well as its potential use for effecting time-frequency decomposition of the nonstationary signals such as the ME signals during dynamic contractions. The wavelet shrinkage method is also introduced for improving spectral estimates by reducing the mean square errors for both Fourier and wavelet packets estimates.
{"title":"Spectral analysis of myoelectric signals by wavelet methods","authors":"S. Karlsson, Jun Yu, M. Akay","doi":"10.1109/ICBEM.1998.666381","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICBEM.1998.666381","url":null,"abstract":"The wavelet packet method is introduced as an alternative method for spectral analysis of surface myoelectric (ME) signals. Both computer synthesised and real myoelectric signals during static contractions are investigated, and the results show that the wavelet packet method performs equally well as the Fourier method. Moreover, wavelet packets give one some advantage over the traditional methods such as multiresolution of frequency, as well as its potential use for effecting time-frequency decomposition of the nonstationary signals such as the ME signals during dynamic contractions. The wavelet shrinkage method is also introduced for improving spectral estimates by reducing the mean square errors for both Fourier and wavelet packets estimates.","PeriodicalId":213764,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Bioelectromagnetism (Cat. No.98TH8269)","volume":"49 5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116823367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-02-15DOI: 10.1109/ICBEM.1998.666388
B. Stroetmann, M. Beier, H. Kirchner, T. Redel
Siemens Medical Engineering has implemented the innovation management process New Business Opportunities which is based on proven concepts of Venture Capital and intrapreneural thinking. The separation of existing and new innovation processes bears a major advantage: it guarantees that basic, cross-unit and cross functional innovations have the opportunity to develop better compared to an environment of operation a day-by-day business, which is optimized in regard to productivity. Now Siemens employees, capable and committed with passion to aggressively transform bright ideas into profitable new businesses, get the chance to build high performance cross functional teams to turn emerging technologies into new products, which meet customer' needs. The concept has proven successful, several new business ideas are already in the implementation phase.
{"title":"Innovation management and technology assessment in medical industry","authors":"B. Stroetmann, M. Beier, H. Kirchner, T. Redel","doi":"10.1109/ICBEM.1998.666388","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICBEM.1998.666388","url":null,"abstract":"Siemens Medical Engineering has implemented the innovation management process New Business Opportunities which is based on proven concepts of Venture Capital and intrapreneural thinking. The separation of existing and new innovation processes bears a major advantage: it guarantees that basic, cross-unit and cross functional innovations have the opportunity to develop better compared to an environment of operation a day-by-day business, which is optimized in regard to productivity. Now Siemens employees, capable and committed with passion to aggressively transform bright ideas into profitable new businesses, get the chance to build high performance cross functional teams to turn emerging technologies into new products, which meet customer' needs. The concept has proven successful, several new business ideas are already in the implementation phase.","PeriodicalId":213764,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Bioelectromagnetism (Cat. No.98TH8269)","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133341112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-02-15DOI: 10.1109/ICBEM.1998.666432
L. Vodovnik, D. Miklavčič, T. Kotnik
The authors begin the paper with a short review of what is known today about the effects of electric currents and fields on wound healing and cancer treatment. While many local mechanisms of electrotherapy are quite well determined, most of the knowledge regarding systemic mechanisms is still speculative. Probably the most rational explanation for such systemic mechanisms is based on bidirectional interconnections between the nervous system, which is primarily affected by electrostimulation, and the immune system. In recent years, much interest has been focused on the interactions between these two systems. After a recapitulation of the most important studies in the field, the authors present a model of the physiological interactions between the two systems. Using this model, the authors attempt to explain the global effect of electrical neurostimulation on wound healing and its possible use for cancer treatment.
{"title":"Electrical neuroimmunomodulation-a possible mechanism for wound and cancer treatment","authors":"L. Vodovnik, D. Miklavčič, T. Kotnik","doi":"10.1109/ICBEM.1998.666432","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICBEM.1998.666432","url":null,"abstract":"The authors begin the paper with a short review of what is known today about the effects of electric currents and fields on wound healing and cancer treatment. While many local mechanisms of electrotherapy are quite well determined, most of the knowledge regarding systemic mechanisms is still speculative. Probably the most rational explanation for such systemic mechanisms is based on bidirectional interconnections between the nervous system, which is primarily affected by electrostimulation, and the immune system. In recent years, much interest has been focused on the interactions between these two systems. After a recapitulation of the most important studies in the field, the authors present a model of the physiological interactions between the two systems. Using this model, the authors attempt to explain the global effect of electrical neurostimulation on wound healing and its possible use for cancer treatment.","PeriodicalId":213764,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Bioelectromagnetism (Cat. No.98TH8269)","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130572827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-02-15DOI: 10.1109/ICBEM.1998.666436
R. J. Grace
Frequency specificity of pulsed electro-magnetic energy is one of the most important factors in obtaining maximum benefits for pain relief and healing of damaged tissue. Waveforms, the harmonics available and the ON-OFF duty cycle must also be considered, and these are discussed. In summary, the parameters of the specifics discussed, demonstrate the most effective results to date in clinical use of extremely ultra low frequency pulsed electromagnetic field energy, over other previously accepted methodology. Further research and data collection from clinical studies are on-going to identify additional beneficial biological effects in this cutting edge of modern medical technology.
{"title":"Bio magnetic energy in pain relief and healing","authors":"R. J. Grace","doi":"10.1109/ICBEM.1998.666436","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICBEM.1998.666436","url":null,"abstract":"Frequency specificity of pulsed electro-magnetic energy is one of the most important factors in obtaining maximum benefits for pain relief and healing of damaged tissue. Waveforms, the harmonics available and the ON-OFF duty cycle must also be considered, and these are discussed. In summary, the parameters of the specifics discussed, demonstrate the most effective results to date in clinical use of extremely ultra low frequency pulsed electromagnetic field energy, over other previously accepted methodology. Further research and data collection from clinical studies are on-going to identify additional beneficial biological effects in this cutting edge of modern medical technology.","PeriodicalId":213764,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Bioelectromagnetism (Cat. No.98TH8269)","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128831926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-02-15DOI: 10.1109/ICBEM.1998.666402
Dong Chen, R. Silberstein, A. Seagar, P. Cadusch, D. Murphy
Under the assumption that the anatomical structure of the head is known, a two-dimensional finite element (FE) model was developed to reconstruct the skull resistivity by using the Newton-Raphson method. The resistivities of scalp and skull, including sutures, are reconstructed based on the condition that the resistivities of the brain, the lower part of the head and the neck as well as the body are known from previous determination in vitro as a priori information. The effect of error in a priori information on the reconstruction is also studied. Reconstructions are compared for two different current injection patterns.
{"title":"Non-invasive iterative skull resistivity estimation based on a priori information","authors":"Dong Chen, R. Silberstein, A. Seagar, P. Cadusch, D. Murphy","doi":"10.1109/ICBEM.1998.666402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICBEM.1998.666402","url":null,"abstract":"Under the assumption that the anatomical structure of the head is known, a two-dimensional finite element (FE) model was developed to reconstruct the skull resistivity by using the Newton-Raphson method. The resistivities of scalp and skull, including sutures, are reconstructed based on the condition that the resistivities of the brain, the lower part of the head and the neck as well as the body are known from previous determination in vitro as a priori information. The effect of error in a priori information on the reconstruction is also studied. Reconstructions are compared for two different current injection patterns.","PeriodicalId":213764,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Bioelectromagnetism (Cat. No.98TH8269)","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129644756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-02-15DOI: 10.1109/ICBEM.1998.666384
C. J. Thompson, D. Bardos, Y.S. Yang, K. Joyner
The authors examine several models for cells exposed to EMF where the source of nonlinearity is membrane conductance. These include nonlinear cable and modified Fitzhugh-Nagumo models of cylindrical cells. Membrane response is typically quasi-linear except for combinations of large amplitude and low frequency where the authors observe narrow bands of subharmonic, quasi-periodic, and chaotic behaviour over a range of frequencies.
{"title":"Nonlinear models of cells exposed to electromagnetic fields","authors":"C. J. Thompson, D. Bardos, Y.S. Yang, K. Joyner","doi":"10.1109/ICBEM.1998.666384","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICBEM.1998.666384","url":null,"abstract":"The authors examine several models for cells exposed to EMF where the source of nonlinearity is membrane conductance. These include nonlinear cable and modified Fitzhugh-Nagumo models of cylindrical cells. Membrane response is typically quasi-linear except for combinations of large amplitude and low frequency where the authors observe narrow bands of subharmonic, quasi-periodic, and chaotic behaviour over a range of frequencies.","PeriodicalId":213764,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Bioelectromagnetism (Cat. No.98TH8269)","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129058011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-02-15DOI: 10.1109/ICBEM.1998.666392
Wen-Yaw Chung, Heh-Sen Lin, Yen-Fu Chen, Ching-Wei Yen
This paper presents a design of microprocessor based controller for the VVIR (Ventricular pacing, Ventricle sensing, Inhibited and rate Responsive) pacemaker. The heart rate responds to the central venous blood temperature changes. The digital controllers of the prototype VVIR pacemaker were realized in both 89C51 single chip and Altera FPGA chip. The VVIR pacemaker operational characteristics include pacing modes, parametric programmability and rate responsive pacing. These have been verified with the authors' self-designed tester and the results successfully meet the system specifications.
{"title":"Design and implementation of a microprocessor-based controller for rate-responsive demand pacemaker applications","authors":"Wen-Yaw Chung, Heh-Sen Lin, Yen-Fu Chen, Ching-Wei Yen","doi":"10.1109/ICBEM.1998.666392","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICBEM.1998.666392","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a design of microprocessor based controller for the VVIR (Ventricular pacing, Ventricle sensing, Inhibited and rate Responsive) pacemaker. The heart rate responds to the central venous blood temperature changes. The digital controllers of the prototype VVIR pacemaker were realized in both 89C51 single chip and Altera FPGA chip. The VVIR pacemaker operational characteristics include pacing modes, parametric programmability and rate responsive pacing. These have been verified with the authors' self-designed tester and the results successfully meet the system specifications.","PeriodicalId":213764,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Bioelectromagnetism (Cat. No.98TH8269)","volume":"98 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121523766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-02-15DOI: 10.1109/ICBEM.1998.666426
N. Ishikawa, S. Suda, T. Sasaki, H. Hosaka, T. Yamanishi, K. Yasuda, H. Ito
The authors have devised a non-invasive, painless treatment system composed of a Functional Continuous Magnetic Stimulator (FCMS) and a large saddle type coil for urinary incontinence, especially stress incontinence and urge incontinence. First, the authors assumed the current density to apply to the objective stimulation region by general electrical stimulation. As a result, the absolute current density |Je| assumed by calculation was 12.7 /spl mu/A/mm/sup 2/. Second, they have developed a saddle type coil for the FCMS which can be used practically in most hospital and stimulate continuously for 15 minutes. The coil has a cooling function to maintain the coil temperature to use the coil efficiently safely between 20/spl deg/C-25/spl deg/C. The size of the saddle type coil is 21 cm long, 12 cm wide and 3 cm thick. The most suitable region for urinary incontinence is from the anus to perineum and the saddle type coil can fit on this region. In experiments with dogs, we confirmed that the urethral pressure increased when the circumference of the perineum received Continuous Magnetic Stimulation (CMS) with 720 /spl mu/s pulse width (180 /spl mu/s risetime), 10 Hz frequency and about 500 V capacitor charge voltage. This result suggest that magnetic stimulation is effective as a stress urinary incontinence and urge urinary incontinence therapy. The specifications of the FCMS are 2 kW maximum electrical power consumption, 800 V maximum stimulation intensity, 720 /spl mu/s pulse width (180 /spl mu/s risetime), 5-30 Hz frequency. The frequency is selected to treat urge incontinence between 5 and 10 Hz and to treat stress incontinence between 25 and 30 Hz.
{"title":"Eddy current density for non-invasive treatment system for urinary incontinence using Functional Continuous Magnetic Stimulator (FCMS)","authors":"N. Ishikawa, S. Suda, T. Sasaki, H. Hosaka, T. Yamanishi, K. Yasuda, H. Ito","doi":"10.1109/ICBEM.1998.666426","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICBEM.1998.666426","url":null,"abstract":"The authors have devised a non-invasive, painless treatment system composed of a Functional Continuous Magnetic Stimulator (FCMS) and a large saddle type coil for urinary incontinence, especially stress incontinence and urge incontinence. First, the authors assumed the current density to apply to the objective stimulation region by general electrical stimulation. As a result, the absolute current density |Je| assumed by calculation was 12.7 /spl mu/A/mm/sup 2/. Second, they have developed a saddle type coil for the FCMS which can be used practically in most hospital and stimulate continuously for 15 minutes. The coil has a cooling function to maintain the coil temperature to use the coil efficiently safely between 20/spl deg/C-25/spl deg/C. The size of the saddle type coil is 21 cm long, 12 cm wide and 3 cm thick. The most suitable region for urinary incontinence is from the anus to perineum and the saddle type coil can fit on this region. In experiments with dogs, we confirmed that the urethral pressure increased when the circumference of the perineum received Continuous Magnetic Stimulation (CMS) with 720 /spl mu/s pulse width (180 /spl mu/s risetime), 10 Hz frequency and about 500 V capacitor charge voltage. This result suggest that magnetic stimulation is effective as a stress urinary incontinence and urge urinary incontinence therapy. The specifications of the FCMS are 2 kW maximum electrical power consumption, 800 V maximum stimulation intensity, 720 /spl mu/s pulse width (180 /spl mu/s risetime), 5-30 Hz frequency. The frequency is selected to treat urge incontinence between 5 and 10 Hz and to treat stress incontinence between 25 and 30 Hz.","PeriodicalId":213764,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Bioelectromagnetism (Cat. No.98TH8269)","volume":"104 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122584364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-02-15DOI: 10.1109/ICBEM.1998.666450
H. Lazoura, M. Cohen, E. Lazoura, I. Ćosić
Traditional Chinese Medicine suggests that acupuncture points are sites of energy exchange between the body and the environment. The authors examined the relative absorption of near infra-red laser light (3 mW, 780 nm) using different pulse repetition frequencies at acupuncture points compared to non-acupuncture points. Results revealed that at 1 Hz absorption was greater at acupuncture points compared to nearby nonacupuncture points. At higher pulse repetition rates this difference was reduced. This suggests that acupuncture points do in fact have different absorption properties to non-acupuncture points and that there is a correlation between the skins' electrical conductivity and absorption of laser light.
{"title":"Do acupuncture points have different absorption properties to laser light than surrounding skin?","authors":"H. Lazoura, M. Cohen, E. Lazoura, I. Ćosić","doi":"10.1109/ICBEM.1998.666450","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICBEM.1998.666450","url":null,"abstract":"Traditional Chinese Medicine suggests that acupuncture points are sites of energy exchange between the body and the environment. The authors examined the relative absorption of near infra-red laser light (3 mW, 780 nm) using different pulse repetition frequencies at acupuncture points compared to non-acupuncture points. Results revealed that at 1 Hz absorption was greater at acupuncture points compared to nearby nonacupuncture points. At higher pulse repetition rates this difference was reduced. This suggests that acupuncture points do in fact have different absorption properties to non-acupuncture points and that there is a correlation between the skins' electrical conductivity and absorption of laser light.","PeriodicalId":213764,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Bioelectromagnetism (Cat. No.98TH8269)","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117266257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-02-15DOI: 10.1109/ICBEM.1998.666448
T. Musha, H. Araga, H. Haque, K. Kawamorita, Y. Terasaki
The EEG is rich with information on electric brain activity but only a small part of it has been understood. The state of mind is manifested in spatial-temporal behavior of EEGs. The set of cross-correlation coefficients of EEGs collected with scalp electrodes forms a state vector. The emotional state under interest occupies its small subspace which is spanned by the four orthogonal elementary states referring to anger, sadness, joy, and relaxation. This method is called ESAM. This system is currently used for analyzing emotional responses to TV commercials, acoustic noise of automobiles, comfortableness of furniture, etc.
{"title":"Numerical estimation of the state of mind","authors":"T. Musha, H. Araga, H. Haque, K. Kawamorita, Y. Terasaki","doi":"10.1109/ICBEM.1998.666448","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICBEM.1998.666448","url":null,"abstract":"The EEG is rich with information on electric brain activity but only a small part of it has been understood. The state of mind is manifested in spatial-temporal behavior of EEGs. The set of cross-correlation coefficients of EEGs collected with scalp electrodes forms a state vector. The emotional state under interest occupies its small subspace which is spanned by the four orthogonal elementary states referring to anger, sadness, joy, and relaxation. This method is called ESAM. This system is currently used for analyzing emotional responses to TV commercials, acoustic noise of automobiles, comfortableness of furniture, etc.","PeriodicalId":213764,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Bioelectromagnetism (Cat. No.98TH8269)","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129639129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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