Russian Medical Inquiry最新文献

{"title":"Long-term control of metastatic urothelial carcinoma resistant to platinum-based therapy: clinical case","authors":"A. S. Shatokhina","doi":"10.32364/2587-6821-2023-7-6-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32364/2587-6821-2023-7-6-1","url":null,"abstract":"Urothelial carcinoma is the most commonly diagnosed malignant tumor of the bladder and/or upper urinary tract. Besides, bladder cancer is a socially significant disease that occupies the 9th place in the oncopathology structure, in which middle-aged and older men mainly become ill. Anticancer therapy of patients with metastatic urothelial cancer in the first line is currently well studied and has its own standards that are actively used in clinical practice. However, the problem of choosing anticancer therapy for patients with metastatic urothelial cancer in the second line is still relevant. Vinflunine therapy is a possible option for the treatment of such patients. The presented clinical case demonstrated long-term control of metastatic urothelial carcinoma in a 67-year-old male patient resistant to platinum-based therapy. The patient received 24 cycles of vinflunine therapy. Hematological toxicity in the form of anemia and grade 1 neutropenia and non-hematological toxicity — grade 2 asthenia, grade 1 myalgia, grade 2 bone pain, which did not require dose reduction or therapy discontinuation, were noted during treatment with vinflunine. Vinflunine therapy provided stabilization of the oncological process and a decrease in the pain syndrome severity, which allowed to refuse taking analgesics. KEYWORDS: metastatic urothelial carcinoma, bladder cancer, inefficacy of platinum-based chemotherapy, second-line therapy, vinflunine, efficacy, safety, life quality. FOR CITATION: Shatokhina A.S. Long-term control of metastatic urothelial carcinoma resistant to platinum-based therapy: clinical case. Russian Medical Inquiry. 2023;7(6) (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2023-7-6-1.","PeriodicalId":21378,"journal":{"name":"Russian Medical Inquiry","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79388635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Robot-assisted stomach cancer surgery. Technical aspects","authors":"S. Kovalenko, D. Gladyshev, M. E. Moiseev, V. A. Vetoshkin, V.Yu. Svitich, S. S. Gnedash","doi":"10.32364/2587-6821-2023-7-4-218-224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32364/2587-6821-2023-7-4-218-224","url":null,"abstract":"Stomach cancer surgery remains one of the most technically challenging areas in abdominal oncology. The frequency of both intra- and postoperative complications is quite high, despite the modern achievements of anesthesiology and the technical support level. Robot-assisted surgical interventions allow to demonstrate all the benefits of minimally invasive technologies for the patient. Additional security is provided by the control of the video system and robotic instruments by one surgeon. The technical features of the robotic complex can be implemented in reducing the frequency of intra- and postoperative complications and improving the quality of surgical intervention, lymphadenectomy, as well as oncological results. The authors present their methodology for conducting surgical interventions in stomach cancer using a robotic surgical complex. Unlike foreign colleagues who use up to seven robotic instruments, the process of performing gastrectomy and subtotal gastrectomy using four robotic instruments has been developed and optimized, which allows to standardize the technique to the extent possible and reduce financial costs. The technique of using indocyanine green with the possibility of visualization in the infrared spectrum of its accumulation in lymph nodes, which are pathways of lymphogenic metastasis, is described. This can improve the accuracy of staging, determine forecast. KEYWORDS: robot-assisted surgery, stomach cancer, oncology, gastric resection, gastrectomy. FOR CITATION: Kovalenko S.A., Gladyshev D.V., Moiseev M.E. et al. Robot-assisted stomach cancer surgery. Technical aspects. Russian Medical Inquiry. 2023;7(4):218–224 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2023-7-4-218-224.","PeriodicalId":21378,"journal":{"name":"Russian Medical Inquiry","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75224481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical case of sebaceous gland ectopia in the esophagus — characteristics of endoscopic diagnosis","authors":"V. Lozovaya, O. Gusarova, O. Malikhova, A. Tumanyan","doi":"10.32364/2587-6821-2023-7-5-10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32364/2587-6821-2023-7-5-10","url":null,"abstract":"In most of the previously discussed cases, sebaceous gland ectopia (SGE) was described in tissues derived from the ectoderm. Only a small number of publications reported cases of SGE in the esophagus (endoderm organ). The article presents a clinical case of a 68-year-old male patient without complaints from the gastrointestinal tract, however, there were multiple white overlays in the distal esophagus revealed during esophagogastroduodenoscopy. After the morphological examination, the diagnosis of SGE of the esophagus was established. Currently, there is no data in the world literature on the possible malignant transformation of SGE in the esophagus. In an asymptomatic disease course, this group of patients does not need specific drug therapy and/or endoscopic mucosal resection. If there are symptoms of reflux esophagitis, anti-reflux therapy may be prescribed. The main and, most likely, the only possible method of diagnosing this form of neoplasia is endoscopic, accompanied by the mandatory sampling of biopsy material for morphological examination. Conducting a standard EGDS must necessarily include examination using narrow-band imaging or chromoendoscopy of the esophageal mucosa. KEYWORDS: sebaceous gland ectopia, endoscopy, esophagus, narrow-band imaging, esophagogastroduodenoscopy, chromoendoscopy. FOR CITATION: Lozovaya V.V., Gusarova O.A., Malikhova O.A., Tumanyan A.O. Clinical case of sebaceous gland ectopia in the esophagus — characteristics of endoscopic diagnosis. Russian Medical Inquiry. 2023;7(5):318–322 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2023-7-5-10.","PeriodicalId":21378,"journal":{"name":"Russian Medical Inquiry","volume":"90 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83188303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolic neuroprotection in patient with chronic heart failure: a case report and study results","authors":"E. V. Reznik, A. M. Alieva, N. A. Ushakova, E. Krupnova","doi":"10.32364/2587-6821-2023-7-1-49-55","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32364/2587-6821-2023-7-1-49-55","url":null,"abstract":"Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of global mortality. The relative burden of acute forms of coronary heart disease (CHD) is gradually decreasing in the industrially developed countries, while the prevalence of chronic heart failure (CHF) and the number of hospitalizations of patients with CHF, on the contrary, has demonstrated an upward trend over the last decades. This retrospective analysis was performed to evaluate the data of patients with CHF decompensation. In such patients, cardiogenic encephalopathy (CE) was found in 43.4% of cases. A higher frequency and longer duration of hospitalizations was observed in the group of patients with CE. Also, in patients with CE the mortality rate within two years from the date of index hospitalization was twice as high as in patients without CE. For intensifying the major therapeutic options in the treatment of CHF patients with CE, it is feasible to consider the addition of numerous medications with supplementary pharmacological effects which may potentiate the efficacy of cardiotropic therapy. Among metabolically active drugs, an emphasis should be made on myocardial cytoprotectors. The results of several studies have provided persuasive data supporting the use of cytoprotectors in routine cardiological practice. This article describes a clinical case of using ethylmethylhydroxypyridine succinate for the treatment of an elderly patient with cardiogenic encephalopathy (CE) and presents the data proving the efficacy of this drug as a part of the combined symptomatic and pathogenetic therapy administered to patients with chronic cerebral ischemia amid CHD and CHF. KEYWORDS: cardiovascular diseases, ischemic heart disease, chronic heart failure, cardiogenic encephalopathy, cytoprotection, ethylmethylhydroxypyridine succinate, cardiotropic therapy. FOR CITATION: Reznik E.V., Alieva A.M., Ushakova N.A., Krupnova E.S. Metabolic neuroprotection in patient with chronic heart failure: a case report and study results. Russian Medical Inquiry. 2023;7(1):49–55 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2023-7-1-49-55.","PeriodicalId":21378,"journal":{"name":"Russian Medical Inquiry","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72973160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surgical tactics optimization for the treatment of patients with relapses of lower limb varicose veins","authors":"V. F. Zubritskiy, A. Chernookov, M. R. Kuznetsov, S. Kandyba, S. Dolgov, A. Atayan, A. A. Ramazanov, T. I. Shadyzheva","doi":"10.32364/2587-6821-2023-7-4-225-231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32364/2587-6821-2023-7-4-225-231","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: to justify the choice of the most optimal treatment method depending on the cause, and clinical and anatomical patterns of the varicose veins relapse. Patients and Methods: treatment results of 157 patients with varicose vein relapses were analyzed. The mean age of patients was 39,8±0,3 years. 3 years after surgery, relapse occurred in 23 (14.7%) patients, in terms of 3 to 5 years — in 95 (60.5%), after 5 years or more — in 39 (24.8%). Different treatment methods were used depending on the individual clinical and anatomical relapse form of varicose veins. Anesthesia choice depended on the type and extent of surgical intervention. Of the open access, 94 (59.9%) surgical interventions were performed, minimally invasive methods of treatment were used in 63 (40.1%) cases. The life quality was assessed at the patient's admission to the clinic and 1–2 years after the end of treatment using the CIVIQ-2 questionnaire. Results and Discussion: after the use of minimally invasive techniques, the average pain intensity on the VAS was 3.1±0.2, in patients who underwent open resurgeries — 5.4±0.3. Early postoperative complications were noted in 3 (1,9%) patients. Long-term treatment results were examined in 129 (82.2%) patients out of 157 included in the study within 12 to 24 months after discharge from the clinic. After performing open surgeries, the average value of the cosmesis index on a ten-point scale was 6.1±0.3 points, after minimally invasive interventions — 7.9±0.5. In the long-term period, the disease repeatedly recurred in 2 (1.6%) patients. It was also found that the use of the developed treatment tactics for patients with relapses of varicose veins leads to an improvement in the life quality parameters by 1,2–1,5 times. Conclusion: eliminating the causes of varicose disease relapse, minimizing the invasiveness of interventions improves immediate and long- term treatment results and the life quality of patients. The use of preoperative duplex angioscanning and modern high-tech treatment methods helps to reduce the relapse number of varicose veins associated with technical and tactical errors of surgeons. KEYWORDS: varicose vein relapses, minimally invasive interventions, open surgeries, life quality. FOR CITATION: Zubritskiy V.F., Chernookov A.I., Kuznetsov M.R. et al. Surgical tactics optimization for the treatment of patients with relapses of lower limb varicose veins. Russian Medical Inquiry. 2023;7(4):225–231 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2023-7-4-225-231.","PeriodicalId":21378,"journal":{"name":"Russian Medical Inquiry","volume":"6 3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83424182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prokinetics: the role in the therapy of a patient with GERD","authors":"M. Livzan, D. S. Bordin, O. Gaus, M.A. Lisovsky","doi":"10.32364/2587-6821-2023-7-5-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32364/2587-6821-2023-7-5-6","url":null,"abstract":"One of the most common pathologies in the structure of digestive diseases is gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), which is associated with low life quality of patients, while in insufficient disease control — with an increased risk of Barrett's esophagus and, as a consequence, adenocarcinoma. In accordance with the relevant consensus papers, in particular, the Lyon Consensus, a key factor in the GERD pathogenesis is a persistent disorder of the upper digestive tract motility with the formation of pathological gastric reflux (in some cases, duodenum) contents into the esophagus, which determines the expediency of including prokinetics in the treatment regimen of the disease. This article provides information about the main risk factors and mechanisms of the pathological reflux in GERD, the frequency and duration of which determine the risk and progression of the disease. Special attention is paid to the modern methods for the correction of esophageal and gastric motor disorders, including the role of prokinetics in the patient's therapy. KEYWORDS: prokinetics, gastroesophageal reflux disease, functional dyspepsia, itopride hydrochloride. FOR CITATION: Livzan M.A., Bordin D.S., Gaus O.V., Lisovsky M.A. Prokinetics: the role in the therapy of a patient with GERD. Russian Medical Inquiry. 2023;7(5):283–291 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2023-7-5-6.","PeriodicalId":21378,"journal":{"name":"Russian Medical Inquiry","volume":"266 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86349887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Histione of the intestinal epithelial barrier in inflammatory bowel diseases: morphofunctional characteristics and clinical significance","authors":"M. I. Skalinskaya, R. Deev, E. V. Presnyakov, I. Chekmareva, E. Skazyvaeva, I. Bakulin","doi":"10.32364/2587-6821-2023-7-5-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32364/2587-6821-2023-7-5-7","url":null,"abstract":"From the modern standpoint of theoretical histology, the term \"histione\" is commonly understood to mean a temporary or permanent cellular association, whose combined functional activity is aimed at achieving significant structural and other types of homeostasis. The model concept of histione can be successfully applied to analyze the structure, function and their disorders, including characterizing the so- called intestinal epithelial barrier. The available scientific data indicate the involvement of increased intestinal permeability syndrome in the pathomorphogenesis of a number of diseases, including ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, related to inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), which makes the problem of regulating the intestinal barrier permeability one of the most urgent for pathologists and clinicians. The article combines and organizes ideas about the histione of the intestinal epithelial barrier, the patterns of its regulation mechanisms in patients with IBD, as well as methods for assessing intestinal permeability in this patient cohort. KEYWORDS: histione, intestinal epithelial barrier, increased intestinal permeability, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, inflammatory bowel diseases. FOR CITATION: Skalinskaya M.I., Deev R.V., Presnyakov E.V., Chekmareva I.A., Skazyvaeva E.V., Bakulin I.G. Histione of the intestinal epithelial barrier in inflammatory bowel diseases: morphofunctional characteristics and clinical significance. Russian Medical Inquiry. 2023;7(5):292–299 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2023-7-5-7.","PeriodicalId":21378,"journal":{"name":"Russian Medical Inquiry","volume":"209 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90072155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The clinical course of chronic rhinosinusitis with sinonasal polyposis in patients with eosinophilic asthma amid the treatment","authors":"N. Boyko, E. Churyukina, O. Lodochkina, O. Ukhanova","doi":"10.32364/2587-6821-2023-7-2-103-109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32364/2587-6821-2023-7-2-103-109","url":null,"abstract":"Background: chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) with polyps is associated with eosinophilic inflammation where interleukin-5 (IL-5) is acting as a key mediator. Commonly, CRS co-exists with asthma. Aim: to assess the efficacy of reslizumab for the treatment of CRS with sinonasal polyposis in patients with severe eosinophilic asthma. Patients and Methods: the study included 21 patients. For the management of severe asthma all patients received reslizumab as intravenous infusion at a dose of 3 mg/kg body weight, once every 4 weeks. CRS with sinonasal polyposis was found in 19 patients, pathological changes of the paranasal sinuses revealed by computer tomography (CT) — in all patients, and symptoms of chronic non-allergic rhinitis with eosinophilia syndrome (NARES) were present in 2 patients. The efficacy of therapy was evaluated 6 months after the beginning of treatment. Over-time changes in the following indicators were evaluated: nasal symptoms, endoscopic pattern of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses, total polyp score (TPS), CT findings in the paranasal sinuses, rhinocytogram, blood eosinophil cationic protein level, and eosinophilia. The effectiveness of asthma control was assessed by the reduction in asthma exacerbation rate and the requirements for systemic corticosteroids, as well as the spirometry results and the asthma control test. Results: along with a noticeable improvement of asthma control, 20 patients had clinical, endoscopic and radiological signs of the decrease in severity of nasal symptoms. A more significant improvement of asthma control was achieved in patients with CRS and polyps. The medical histories of patients with CRS and polyps demonstrated that at the early stages of the disease they had NARES symptoms. This finding suggests that NARES could be a predictor of eosinophilic non-IgE-mediated asthma and nasal polyps. Conclusion: the use of reslizumab for the treatment patients with eosinophilic asthma and comorbid CRS with polyps and NARES enables not only to improve the control of asthma symptoms but also to achieve the notable regression of nasal symptoms. KEYWORDS: chronic rhinosinusitis with polyps, asthma, iterleukin-5, reslizumab, non-allergic rhinitis with eosinophilia syndrome. FOR CITATION: Boyko N.V., Churyukina E.V., Lodochkina O.E., Ukhanova O.P. The clinical course of chronic rhinosinusitis with sinonasal polyposis in patients with eosinophilic asthma amid the treatment. Russian Medical Inquiry. 2023;7(2):103–109 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2023-7-2-103-109.","PeriodicalId":21378,"journal":{"name":"Russian Medical Inquiry","volume":"76 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83874308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of the genes of the natriuretic peptide and antioxidant defense systems in creating the risk of myocardial infarction development (the preliminary results of a pilot study)","authors":"M. Khutornaya, O. Khryachkova, A. Sinitskaya, A.O. Poddubnya, A. Ponasenko, V. Kashtalap","doi":"10.32364/2587-6821-2023-7-1-5-12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32364/2587-6821-2023-7-1-5-12","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: to reveal a relationship of single-nucleotide polymorphic variants of the genes of the natriuretic peptides, antioxidant defense systems and the endothelial function with the development of myocardial infarction. Patients and Methods: the study included 146 patients with myocardial infarction (MI) and maintained or moderately decreased left ventricular ejection fraction: 108 males and 38 females with a mean age of 57 (51; 64) years. The control group was composed of Kemerovo city residents without acute MI (n=300, 190 females and 110 males). To make the evaluation, genomic DNA was isolated from the peripheral blood by phenol- chloroform extraction according to the standard protocol. Real-time PCR method was used for genotyping. To conduct the study, 24 polymorphic variants of 14 genes (those of the natriuretic peptides, antioxidant defense systems and the endothelial function) were selected. Results: significant associations with the allelic variants of CBR1 and CBR3 genes (carbonyl reductase 1 and 3 genes) of the antioxidant defense system were found in the sample of studied patients with MI (not divided by gender or age). When the patients were divided by gender, the following associations were found: in males the single-nucleotide polymorphic variant (SNPV) genotypes CBR1 rs9024 and CBR3 rs1056892 had the protective effect against susceptibility to myocardial infarction (dominant inheritance pattern). It was demonstrated that allelic variants in the NPR2 gene (the gene of atrial natriuretic peptide receptor 2) comprised a risk factor for MI development. In females, a relationship between the assessed genetic factors and the MI development (dominant inheritance pattern) could be associated with SNPV genotypes NPR2 rs13288085 and rs7034957, CBR1 rs9024, and CBR3 rs1056892 which are characterized by the protective effect. Conclusion: some polymorphic variants of the genes of the natriuretic peptide and antioxidant defense systems are associated with the risk and the protective effect against MI susceptibility. The preliminary findings indicate that it is necessary to continue investigations of the identified single-nucleotide polymorphic variants and to assess their impact on the MI severity and the risk of recurrent cardiovascular events in the long-term perspective. KEYWORDS: myocardial infarction, gene, natriuretic peptides, antioxidant defense, polymorphic variants. FOR CITATION: Khutornaya M.V., Khryachkova O.N., Sinitskaya A.V. et al. Role of the genes of the natriuretic peptide and antioxidant defense systems in creating the risk of myocardial infarction development (the preliminary results of a pilot study). Russian Medical Inquiry. 2023;7(1):5–12 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2023-7-1-5-12.","PeriodicalId":21378,"journal":{"name":"Russian Medical Inquiry","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84002149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Issues concerning early diagnosis and timely correction of respiratory disorders in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (literature review)","authors":"É. Ermilov, N. V. Isaeva","doi":"10.32364/2587-6821-2023-7-8-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32364/2587-6821-2023-7-8-4","url":null,"abstract":"Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a rare severe progressive neurodegenerative disease with upper and lower motor neuron lesions, manifested by weakness of somatic muscle tissue with disorder of vital functions and leading to early disability and fatal outcome of patients. Regardless of the disease form, patients with ALS experience breathing and swallowing disorders. Hypercapnic respiratory failure (HRF) most commonly develop in patients as a consequence of respiratory muscle weakness. Instrumental diagnostic methods are currently used along with the assessment of the HRF clinical picture in ALS. Pulse oximetry and spirometry are the basic means of assessing the respiratory system function. Cardio-respiratory monitoring and arterial blood gas test play an auxiliary role in the diagnosis. To correct respiratory disorders, respiratory support is used with the help of artificial ventilation devices connected through various masks (non-invasive) or through a tracheostomy (invasive). In recent years, it has been proven that early diagnosis and correction of respiratory disorders contribute to prolonging the life of patients with ALS and improving its quality. The review presents the main development mechanisms of respiratory disorders in ALS, clinical and instrumental methods of their diagnosis, methods of correction, as well as criteria for the start of respiratory support. KEYWORDS: amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, respiratory disorders, lung ventilation, pulmonary support, neurodegeneration, NIV, ALV. FOR CITATION: Ermilov E.A., Isaeva N.V. Issues concerning early diagnosis and timely correction of respiratory disorders in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (literature review). Russian Medical Inquiry. 2023;7(8). (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2023-7-8-4.","PeriodicalId":21378,"journal":{"name":"Russian Medical Inquiry","volume":"209 4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73022551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}