Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.17584/rcch.2023v17i1.15702
Nicolás Forero-Pineda, Tania-Alejandra Correa-Castro, P. Serrano-Cely, F. Forero-Ulloa, Germán-Eduardo Cely-Reyes
Tomato cultivation ranks fourth in vegetable production in Boyaca. The largest production of Chonto tomato in greenhouses is supplied by the Alto Chicamocha irrigation and drainage district since it is the main agricultural production unit for the department. To investigate the physicochemical conditions of the soil and irrigation water in the crop and bacterial communities associated with the greenhouse Chonto tomato crop, a total of 15 crops of 50×50 m located within the irrigation and drainage district of Alto Chicamocha were analyzed. Soil and irrigation water samples were analyzed and the bacteriome associated with the crop rhizosphere was characterized. From the physicochemical results obtained, we observed a significant relationship between crop attributes, the physicochemical properties of soil, and irrigation water in the different study zones. On the other hand, in the bacterial composition associated with the crop (soil and irrigation water), a relationship was found between the genera Sphingomonas spp. and Sphingobium spp. with crop quality for the different crops evaluated.
番茄种植在博雅卡的蔬菜生产中排名第四。温室中最大的春冬番茄产量由上奇莫查灌溉和排水区提供，因为它是该部门的主要农业生产单位。为了了解作物土壤和灌溉水的理化条件以及与温室番茄作物有关的细菌群落，对位于上奇莫查灌溉区的50×50 m 15种作物进行了分析。对土壤和灌溉水样品进行了分析，并对与作物根际相关的细菌群进行了表征。从理化结果来看，不同研究区作物属性、土壤理化性质和灌溉水之间存在显著的相关关系。另一方面，在与作物相关的细菌组成(土壤和灌溉水)中，鞘氨单胞菌属和鞘藻属与不同作物的作物质量之间存在一定的关系。
{"title":"Bacterial microbiome and physicochemical properties of irrigation water and soil in Chonto type tomato from Boyaca, Colombia","authors":"Nicolás Forero-Pineda, Tania-Alejandra Correa-Castro, P. Serrano-Cely, F. Forero-Ulloa, Germán-Eduardo Cely-Reyes","doi":"10.17584/rcch.2023v17i1.15702","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17584/rcch.2023v17i1.15702","url":null,"abstract":"Tomato cultivation ranks fourth in vegetable production in Boyaca. The largest production of Chonto tomato in greenhouses is supplied by the Alto Chicamocha irrigation and drainage district since it is the main agricultural production unit for the department. To investigate the physicochemical conditions of the soil and irrigation water in the crop and bacterial communities associated with the greenhouse Chonto tomato crop, a total of 15 crops of 50×50 m located within the irrigation and drainage district of Alto Chicamocha were analyzed. Soil and irrigation water samples were analyzed and the bacteriome associated with the crop rhizosphere was characterized. From the physicochemical results obtained, we observed a significant relationship between crop attributes, the physicochemical properties of soil, and irrigation water in the different study zones. On the other hand, in the bacterial composition associated with the crop (soil and irrigation water), a relationship was found between the genera Sphingomonas spp. and Sphingobium spp. with crop quality for the different crops evaluated.","PeriodicalId":21384,"journal":{"name":"Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Hortícolas","volume":"63 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85419392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.17584/rcch.2023v17i1.15508
Hérmes Araméndiz-Tatis, M. Espitia-Camacho, C. Cardona-Ayala
The cowpea bean (Vigna unguiculata [L.] Walp.) is the most important legume in the Colombian Caribbean, and is cultivated with genotypes having prostrate growth habit, with yields that do not exceed 700 kg ha-1. Manual harvesting is very expensive for crop rotation in commercial agriculture, which is why cultivars with erect growth habit are required. The research was carried out in the first semester of 2022, in the experimental area of the Universidad de Córdoba (Monteria-Colombia). Sixteen erect genotypes and five prostrate genotypes, including the control, were evaluated under a randomized complete block design with five repetitions. Each experimental unit consisted of two rows of 5 m in length, with a distance between plants of 0.15 m and between rows of 0.40 m for a population density of 166.000 plants/ha. The results indicated genetic variability, which enables successful phenotypic selection, according to the estimated genetic parameters. Likewise, there was positive and significant correlations of performance components with yield. In addition, the unfolding of genotypic correlations by means of path analysis indicated that grain thickness is an important and easy to measure characteristic to increase yield.
豇豆(Vigna unguiculata) [L。(Walp.)是哥伦比亚加勒比海地区最重要的豆科植物，其基因型具有匍匐生长习性，产量不超过700公斤每公顷。在商业农业的轮作中，人工收割是非常昂贵的，这就是为什么需要直立生长习性的品种。该研究于2022年第一学期在universsidad de Córdoba (Monteria-Colombia)的实验区进行。采用5次重复的随机完全区组设计，对包括对照组在内的16个直立基因型和5个匍匐基因型进行评估。每个试验单元为两行，每行长度为5 m，株间距离为0.15 m，行间距离为0.40 m，种群密度为16.6万株/ha。结果表明，根据估计的遗传参数，遗传变异使表型选择成功。同样，各性能成分与产量也呈显著正相关。此外，通径分析揭示的基因型相关性表明，籽粒厚度是一个重要且易于测量的增产性状。
{"title":"Variability, correlation, and path analysis in erect and prostrate cultivars of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata [L.] Walp.)","authors":"Hérmes Araméndiz-Tatis, M. Espitia-Camacho, C. Cardona-Ayala","doi":"10.17584/rcch.2023v17i1.15508","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17584/rcch.2023v17i1.15508","url":null,"abstract":"The cowpea bean (Vigna unguiculata [L.] Walp.) is the most important legume in the Colombian Caribbean, and is cultivated with genotypes having prostrate growth habit, with yields that do not exceed 700 kg ha-1. Manual harvesting is very expensive for crop rotation in commercial agriculture, which is why cultivars with erect growth habit are required. The research was carried out in the first semester of 2022, in the experimental area of the Universidad de Córdoba (Monteria-Colombia). Sixteen erect genotypes and five prostrate genotypes, including the control, were evaluated under a randomized complete block design with five repetitions. Each experimental unit consisted of two rows of 5 m in length, with a distance between plants of 0.15 m and between rows of 0.40 m for a population density of 166.000 plants/ha. The results indicated genetic variability, which enables successful phenotypic selection, according to the estimated genetic parameters. Likewise, there was positive and significant correlations of performance components with yield. In addition, the unfolding of genotypic correlations by means of path analysis indicated that grain thickness is an important and easy to measure characteristic to increase yield.","PeriodicalId":21384,"journal":{"name":"Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Hortícolas","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81357799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.17584/rcch.2023v17i1.15648
J. F. Menegaes, Tatiana Tasquetto Fiorin
Arugula is known for the spicy flavour of its leaves, and it is an important crop due to its high productivity and multiple harvests per year. However, seedling quality may limit its production. This study examined arugula seedling emergence and production at different sowing densities and substrate compositions. In a greenhouse, the broadleaf cultivar was randomized with a 5×3 factorial design (substrate compositions: 100% medium textured sand (SD), 100% Carolina Soil® commercial substrates (CS), 50%SD+50%CS, 75%SD+25%CS, and 25%SD+75%CS, and sowing densities: 5; 10 and 15 seeds/alveolus); with five replications. Analyzes were carried out on emergence speed index and mean emergence time, as well as on relative frequency, lengths of aerial and root parts, number of leaves, and rating scales according quality for tuft formation (or bouquets) and clod stability. All seeding densities and substrate compositions showed good seedling formation, except for the 100% SD composition, which showed low adherence in the substrate-plant-container-water system for tuft formation and clod stability. Except for 100% SD composition, an average of 70% of seedling emergence was at 9.7 d. For the production of commercial seedlings, it is indicated the use of 10 or more seeds per alveolus, and all substrate compositions tested in this study, except 100% SD.
{"title":"Effect of different sowing densities and substrates on the growth of arugula seedlings","authors":"J. F. Menegaes, Tatiana Tasquetto Fiorin","doi":"10.17584/rcch.2023v17i1.15648","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17584/rcch.2023v17i1.15648","url":null,"abstract":"Arugula is known for the spicy flavour of its leaves, and it is an important crop due to its high productivity and multiple harvests per year. However, seedling quality may limit its production. This study examined arugula seedling emergence and production at different sowing densities and substrate compositions. In a greenhouse, the broadleaf cultivar was randomized with a 5×3 factorial design (substrate compositions: 100% medium textured sand (SD), 100% Carolina Soil® commercial substrates (CS), 50%SD+50%CS, 75%SD+25%CS, and 25%SD+75%CS, and sowing densities: 5; 10 and 15 seeds/alveolus); with five replications. Analyzes were carried out on emergence speed index and mean emergence time, as well as on relative frequency, lengths of aerial and root parts, number of leaves, and rating scales according quality for tuft formation (or bouquets) and clod stability. All seeding densities and substrate compositions showed good seedling formation, except for the 100% SD composition, which showed low adherence in the substrate-plant-container-water system for tuft formation and clod stability. Except for 100% SD composition, an average of 70% of seedling emergence was at 9.7 d. For the production of commercial seedlings, it is indicated the use of 10 or more seeds per alveolus, and all substrate compositions tested in this study, except 100% SD.","PeriodicalId":21384,"journal":{"name":"Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Hortícolas","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85755298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.17584/rcch.2023v17i1.15696
Wilson Anchico-Jojoa, José Ricardo Peixoto, Antônio Alves De Oliveira Júnior
En la agroindustria, la quinua es considerada un alimento funcional para por sus beneficios para la salud. Sin embargo, es necesario identificar genotipos que proporcionen mejores características fisicoquímicas y alta capacidad antioxidante para la selección en los programas de mejoramiento genético. Este trabajo tuvo como objetivo evaluar la composición fisicoquímica y la capacidad antioxidante de genotipos de quinua originarios de Brasil, Colombia y Ecuador cultivados en condiciones de la Sabana Brasileña (Cerrado). La siembra se llevó a cabo en la Hacienda Agua Limpa de la Facultad de Agronomía y Medicina Veterinaria de la Universidad de Brasilia, ubicada a 15º56' S y 47º55' O, a una altitud de 1.100 m. El análisis fisicoquímico se realizó en año 2021 en el Centro de Investigación de Alimentos de la Universidad de Passo Fondo, Río Grande do Sul, y el análisis de capacidad antioxidante se realizó en la Universidad de Santiago de Chile. Se determinó el contenido de humedad, cenizas, proteínas, carbohidratos (CHO), fibra bruta, lípidos y capacidad antioxidante. Los datos originales fueron sometidos a análisis de varianza, mediante la prueba F (P≤0,05), y la comparación de medias por la prueba de Tukey. Se realizarón análisis de correlación lineal (Fischer) (P≤0,01) y (P≤0,05), y análisis de agrupación jerárquico por el método Ward. Los genotipos presentaron variabilidad en las características fisicoquímicas y actividad antioxidante. Los CHO fueron los compuestos mayoritarios presentes en las semillas, mostrando un promedio de 50,16%, el promedio de proteína fue del 15,27%, con mayores resultados para el genotipo P88 (16,28%). El contenido promedio de lípidos, fibra y cenizas fueron 3,24; 14,13 y 6,0%, respectivamente. Los CHO mostraron una correlación positiva con el parámetro lipídico (r=0,858) y una correlación negativa significativa con la proteína (r=-0,785). El cultivar Aurora expresó una mayor actividad antioxidante (1,96±0,01 mg Trolox/g).
{"title":"Caracterización físico-química y capacidad antioxidante de progenies de quinua originarias de Colombia, Brasil y Ecuador producidas en la Sabana Brasileña","authors":"Wilson Anchico-Jojoa, José Ricardo Peixoto, Antônio Alves De Oliveira Júnior","doi":"10.17584/rcch.2023v17i1.15696","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17584/rcch.2023v17i1.15696","url":null,"abstract":"En la agroindustria, la quinua es considerada un alimento funcional para por sus beneficios para la salud. Sin embargo, es necesario identificar genotipos que proporcionen mejores características fisicoquímicas y alta capacidad antioxidante para la selección en los programas de mejoramiento genético. Este trabajo tuvo como objetivo evaluar la composición fisicoquímica y la capacidad antioxidante de genotipos de quinua originarios de Brasil, Colombia y Ecuador cultivados en condiciones de la Sabana Brasileña (Cerrado). La siembra se llevó a cabo en la Hacienda Agua Limpa de la Facultad de Agronomía y Medicina Veterinaria de la Universidad de Brasilia, ubicada a 15º56' S y 47º55' O, a una altitud de 1.100 m. El análisis fisicoquímico se realizó en año 2021 en el Centro de Investigación de Alimentos de la Universidad de Passo Fondo, Río Grande do Sul, y el análisis de capacidad antioxidante se realizó en la Universidad de Santiago de Chile. Se determinó el contenido de humedad, cenizas, proteínas, carbohidratos (CHO), fibra bruta, lípidos y capacidad antioxidante. Los datos originales fueron sometidos a análisis de varianza, mediante la prueba F (P≤0,05), y la comparación de medias por la prueba de Tukey. Se realizarón análisis de correlación lineal (Fischer) (P≤0,01) y (P≤0,05), y análisis de agrupación jerárquico por el método Ward. Los genotipos presentaron variabilidad en las características fisicoquímicas y actividad antioxidante. Los CHO fueron los compuestos mayoritarios presentes en las semillas, mostrando un promedio de 50,16%, el promedio de proteína fue del 15,27%, con mayores resultados para el genotipo P88 (16,28%). El contenido promedio de lípidos, fibra y cenizas fueron 3,24; 14,13 y 6,0%, respectivamente. Los CHO mostraron una correlación positiva con el parámetro lipídico (r=0,858) y una correlación negativa significativa con la proteína (r=-0,785). El cultivar Aurora expresó una mayor actividad antioxidante (1,96±0,01 mg Trolox/g).","PeriodicalId":21384,"journal":{"name":"Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Hortícolas","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91517789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.17584/rcch.2023v17i1.15689
Ana Isabel Giraldo-Rivera, G. Guerrero-Álvarez
Public health concerns increase due to microbial propagation and the resistance to existing drugs; therefore, new alternatives are sought, such as the use of natural sources that are antimicrobial agents. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial potential of ethanolic extracts of seeds of the species Annona muricata (L.), Annona cherimola (Miller), Annona glabra (L.), Annona reticulata (L.), Rollinia mucosa ([Jacq.] Baillon) and Annona montana (Macfad.) of the Annonaceae family cultivated in Colombia. The bacterial strains correspond to: Staphylococcus aureus (Rosenbach), Enterococcus faecalis ([Andrewes and Horder] Schleifer and Kilpper-Bölz), Bacillus subtilis ([Ehrenberg] Cohn), Escherichia coli ([Migula] Castellani and Chalmers) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ([J.Schröter] Migula). The antibacterial activity evaluation was performed using the agar diffusion method, each microorganism was inoculated in the medium in a concentration range of 0.2-0.5% v/v and the activity was measured by measuring the inhibition halo. A phytochemical assay was performed to identify the main metabolites to which the activity was attributed. Among the results obtained, it was found the extract of A. montana showed activity against the five bacterial strains, followed by A. glabra; the highest percentage of inhibition achieved was of A. cherimola with 79.86±3.81% activity against E. faecalis; A. reticulata and R. mucosa presented susceptibility only against two bacterial strains, the contrary, the extract of A. muricata did not present any response. The main types of metabolites identified and those attributed to antibacterial potential corresponded to alkaloids, saponins and terpenoids. The above indicates that the plants extract of Annonaceae showed antimicrobial effects. This suggest that species of this family are potential sources of compounds with antibacterial properties, which broadens the knowledge of natural extracts of Colombian materials for use in pharmacotherapy and as alternative for synthetic antibacterial agents.
由于微生物繁殖和对现有药物的耐药性，公共卫生问题增加;因此，寻求新的替代品，例如使用天然来源的抗菌剂。因此，本研究的目的是评价番荔枝(Annona muricata, L.)、番荔枝(Annona cherimola, Miller)、番荔枝(Annona glabra, L.)、番荔枝(Annona reticulata, L.)、番荔枝黏膜(Rollinia粘膜，[Jacq.])种子乙醇提取物的抑菌潜力。] Baillon)和番荔枝科的蒙大拿番荔枝(Macfad.)，种植于哥伦比亚。细菌菌株对应:金黄色葡萄球菌(Rosenbach)、粪肠球菌([Andrewes and Horder] Schleifer and Kilpper-Bölz)、枯草芽孢杆菌([Ehrenberg] Cohn)、大肠杆菌([Migula] Castellani and Chalmers)和铜绿假单胞菌([J。散粒]Migula)。采用琼脂扩散法进行抑菌活性评价，将各微生物接种于浓度为0.2 ~ 0.5% v/v的培养基中，通过测定抑菌晕测定抑菌活性。进行了植物化学测定，以确定活性归因于的主要代谢物。结果表明，蒙大拿提取物对5种病原菌均有较强的抑菌活性;对大肠杆菌的抑制率最高，为79.86±3.81%;网状麻和粘膜麻只对两种细菌敏感，相反，muricata提取物对两种细菌不敏感。鉴定出的主要代谢物和具有抗菌潜力的代谢物分别为生物碱、皂苷和萜类。说明番荔枝科植物提取物具有抗菌作用。这表明该家族的物种是具有抗菌特性的化合物的潜在来源，这拓宽了哥伦比亚材料的天然提取物用于药物治疗和作为合成抗菌剂的替代品的知识。
{"title":"Antibacterial activity of seed extracts of various species of the Annonaceae family cultivated in Colombia","authors":"Ana Isabel Giraldo-Rivera, G. Guerrero-Álvarez","doi":"10.17584/rcch.2023v17i1.15689","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17584/rcch.2023v17i1.15689","url":null,"abstract":"Public health concerns increase due to microbial propagation and the resistance to existing drugs; therefore, new alternatives are sought, such as the use of natural sources that are antimicrobial agents. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial potential of ethanolic extracts of seeds of the species Annona muricata (L.), Annona cherimola (Miller), Annona glabra (L.), Annona reticulata (L.), Rollinia mucosa ([Jacq.] Baillon) and Annona montana (Macfad.) of the Annonaceae family cultivated in Colombia. The bacterial strains correspond to: Staphylococcus aureus (Rosenbach), Enterococcus faecalis ([Andrewes and Horder] Schleifer and Kilpper-Bölz), Bacillus subtilis ([Ehrenberg] Cohn), Escherichia coli ([Migula] Castellani and Chalmers) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ([J.Schröter] Migula). The antibacterial activity evaluation was performed using the agar diffusion method, each microorganism was inoculated in the medium in a concentration range of 0.2-0.5% v/v and the activity was measured by measuring the inhibition halo. A phytochemical assay was performed to identify the main metabolites to which the activity was attributed. Among the results obtained, it was found the extract of A. montana showed activity against the five bacterial strains, followed by A. glabra; the highest percentage of inhibition achieved was of A. cherimola with 79.86±3.81% activity against E. faecalis; A. reticulata and R. mucosa presented susceptibility only against two bacterial strains, the contrary, the extract of A. muricata did not present any response. The main types of metabolites identified and those attributed to antibacterial potential corresponded to alkaloids, saponins and terpenoids. The above indicates that the plants extract of Annonaceae showed antimicrobial effects. This suggest that species of this family are potential sources of compounds with antibacterial properties, which broadens the knowledge of natural extracts of Colombian materials for use in pharmacotherapy and as alternative for synthetic antibacterial agents.","PeriodicalId":21384,"journal":{"name":"Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Hortícolas","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91352804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.17584/rcch.2023v17i1.15527
Erika Andrea Ascanio, G. Chaves-Bedoya, Luz Yineth Ortíz-Rojas
Traditional medicine is part of the culture of the people, it is an expression of intangible cultural heritage that combines different traditional knowledge and practices. Medicinal plants have been used as an alternative method to conventional medicine, and their use in developing countries has been inherited generationally. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of use in traditional medicine and preliminary identification of secondary metabolites present in medicinal plants used for the treatment of ailments in two municipalities from Norte de Santander-Colombia. The research method used for the development of the project is qualitative and experimental. Interviews were conducted with 40 herbalists in the markets of the municipalities of Sardinata and Cúcuta. Experimentally, the ethanolic extract of 17 medicinal plants was obtained to identify the secondary metabolites present using the technique of thin layer chromatography (TLC). The results suggests that the secondary metabolites of higher prevalence in the most used medicinal plants are flavonoids and terpenes. Information gained from traditional and medicinal plants maintains an important cultural value and represents an alternative use for the management of ailments at low cost, highlighting the importance of phytotherapy for communities. The results of the study not only confirm the relevance of medicinal plants in the region, but also highlight the importance of continuing to research and document the applications and benefits of these plants in traditional and modern medicine.
{"title":"Traditional use and qualitative chemical composition of medicinal plants in the communities of Sardinata and Cúcuta in Norte de Santander - Colombia","authors":"Erika Andrea Ascanio, G. Chaves-Bedoya, Luz Yineth Ortíz-Rojas","doi":"10.17584/rcch.2023v17i1.15527","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17584/rcch.2023v17i1.15527","url":null,"abstract":"Traditional medicine is part of the culture of the people, it is an expression of intangible cultural heritage that combines different traditional knowledge and practices. Medicinal plants have been used as an alternative method to conventional medicine, and their use in developing countries has been inherited generationally. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of use in traditional medicine and preliminary identification of secondary metabolites present in medicinal plants used for the treatment of ailments in two municipalities from Norte de Santander-Colombia. The research method used for the development of the project is qualitative and experimental. Interviews were conducted with 40 herbalists in the markets of the municipalities of Sardinata and Cúcuta. Experimentally, the ethanolic extract of 17 medicinal plants was obtained to identify the secondary metabolites present using the technique of thin layer chromatography (TLC). The results suggests that the secondary metabolites of higher prevalence in the most used medicinal plants are flavonoids and terpenes. Information gained from traditional and medicinal plants maintains an important cultural value and represents an alternative use for the management of ailments at low cost, highlighting the importance of phytotherapy for communities. The results of the study not only confirm the relevance of medicinal plants in the region, but also highlight the importance of continuing to research and document the applications and benefits of these plants in traditional and modern medicine.","PeriodicalId":21384,"journal":{"name":"Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Hortícolas","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74238183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.17584/rcch.2023v17i1.15733
A. M. Ospina-Ruiz, Alejandro Hurtado-Salazar, Nelson Ceballos-Aguirre
Green beans are consumed worldwide due to their healthy nutritional properties. These are an important part of the modern “Grab-and-Go” diet, along with the traditional diet. Green beans are rich in protein, vitamins, fiber, folic acid and numerous minerals. In Colombia, the production of green beans is concentrated in the eastern mountain range, where there are currently low yields due to the phytosanitary problems associated with the traditional Blue Lake variety, added to the little implementation of production strategies such as plastic mulches. Thus, four varieties of green beans with plastic mulch were technically and economically evaluated. The experimental design used was complete randomized blocks with eight treatments, resulted of factors combination of the varieties (UNAPAL Milenio, Blue Lake Pole, Blue Lake National and Blue Lake S-7) and with and without plastic mulch, with four repetitions and an experimental unit of 25 plants. Planting distances were 0.25 m between plants and 1.2 m between rows for a population density of 33,333 plants/ha. The variables evaluated were: yield components, production per plant (g) and crop yield (t ha-1). The plastic mulch (black-black) had no differential effect on the agronomic behavior of the green bean varieties in the study area. The UNAPAL Milenio variety, with 9,134 kg ha-1, reached an agronomic behavior similar to the conventional Blue Lake variety with 9,717 kg ha-1. The Blue Lake variety presented the best economic behavior with a cost-benefit ratio of 1.15 and a rate of return of 14.85%.
四季豆因其健康的营养特性而被全世界食用。这些都是现代“抓着吃”饮食的重要组成部分，与传统饮食一样。四季豆富含蛋白质、维生素、纤维、叶酸和多种矿物质。在哥伦比亚，绿豆的生产集中在东部山区，由于与传统蓝湖品种相关的植物检疫问题，加上很少实施塑料覆盖等生产策略，目前产量很低。因此，对4个品种的青豆进行了地膜覆盖技术经济评价。试验设计采用8个处理的完全随机区组，分别为UNAPAL Milenio、Blue Lake Pole、Blue Lake National和Blue Lake S-7，覆盖和不覆盖地膜，4个重复，每个试验单元25株。种群密度为33,333株/ha时，株间种植距离为0.25 m，行间种植距离为1.2 m。评估的变量为:产量成分、单株产量(g)和作物产量(t ha-1)。地膜覆盖(黑-黑)对研究区青豆品种的农艺行为无差异影响。UNAPAL千禧年品种的产量为9,134 kg ha-1，其农艺性状与传统蓝湖品种的9,717 kg ha-1相似。蓝湖品种表现出最佳的经济行为，成本效益比为1.15，收益率为14.85%。
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Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.17584/rcch.2023v17i1.15706
Ingrid Marcela Preciado-Mongui, Andrea Johana Reyes-Medina, Yajaira Romero-Barrera, J. Álvarez-Herrera, Marilcen Jaime-Guerrero
Lettuce is part of the group of leafy vegetables that sees high consumption worldwide. However, population increases have forced excessive increases in fertilization, raising N levels both in the water and the soil and leading to serious environmental problems. As a result, appropriate fertilization management must be carried out; therefore, this study aimed to determine the effect of nitrogen and magnesium on the growth and yield of crisp lettuce. A randomized complete block design was carried out with 10 treatments: a control plus nine treatments with a central compound and different combinations of nitrogen and magnesium doses. The variables leaf area ratio, SPAD chlorophyll index and relative growth rate decreased throughout the crop cycle. The application of 150 kg ha-1 of N + 18 kg ha-1 of Mg generated the highest production values and net assimilation rate. The response surface graph yielded a model with a maximum yield of 21 t ha-1 using fertilization with 93.8 kg ha-1 of nitrogen and 12.4 kg ha-1 of magnesium. The lower doses of both nitrogenous and magnesium fertilization showed the highest values of agronomic efficiency and partial productivity.
莴苣是全球高消费量的叶菜之一。然而，人口增长迫使过度增加施肥，提高了水和土壤中的氮水平，导致严重的环境问题。因此，必须进行适当的施肥管理;因此，本研究旨在确定氮和镁对脆生菜生长和产量的影响。采用随机完全区组设计，共10个处理:一个对照组加9个中心化合物和不同氮镁剂量组合的处理。叶片面积比、SPAD叶绿素指数和相对生长率在整个作物周期中呈下降趋势。施用150 kg hm -1 N + 18 kg hm -1 Mg可产生最高的产量和净同化速率。从响应面图上可以得到氮肥用量为93.8 kg hm -1、镁用量为12.4 kg hm -1时最大产量为21 t hm -1的模型。氮肥和镁肥用量均较低，农艺效率和部分生产力值最高。
{"title":"Growth and production of crisp lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) using different doses of nitrogen and magnesium","authors":"Ingrid Marcela Preciado-Mongui, Andrea Johana Reyes-Medina, Yajaira Romero-Barrera, J. Álvarez-Herrera, Marilcen Jaime-Guerrero","doi":"10.17584/rcch.2023v17i1.15706","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17584/rcch.2023v17i1.15706","url":null,"abstract":"Lettuce is part of the group of leafy vegetables that sees high consumption worldwide. However, population increases have forced excessive increases in fertilization, raising N levels both in the water and the soil and leading to serious environmental problems. As a result, appropriate fertilization management must be carried out; therefore, this study aimed to determine the effect of nitrogen and magnesium on the growth and yield of crisp lettuce. A randomized complete block design was carried out with 10 treatments: a control plus nine treatments with a central compound and different combinations of nitrogen and magnesium doses. The variables leaf area ratio, SPAD chlorophyll index and relative growth rate decreased throughout the crop cycle. The application of 150 kg ha-1 of N + 18 kg ha-1 of Mg generated the highest production values and net assimilation rate. The response surface graph yielded a model with a maximum yield of 21 t ha-1 using fertilization with 93.8 kg ha-1 of nitrogen and 12.4 kg ha-1 of magnesium. The lower doses of both nitrogenous and magnesium fertilization showed the highest values of agronomic efficiency and partial productivity.","PeriodicalId":21384,"journal":{"name":"Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Hortícolas","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72689089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.17584/rcch.2023v17i1.15695
Hérmes Araméndiz-Tatis, C. Cardona-Ayala, M. Espitia-Camacho, Andrea Herrera-Contreras, Alisson Villalba-Soto
Cannabis sativa (L.) is used to obtain fiber, seeds and phytocannabinoids for medicinal and recreational purposes. The commercial production of this species is limited by the lack of knowledge of the agronomic behavior and the content of phytocannabinoids, hence the need for evaluation of genetic diversity, for the selection of cultivars, in accordance with the legal provisions in force in Colombia. The objective of this work was to evaluate the agronomic characteristics and phytocannabinoid content of 10 cultivars, in Pueblo Bello-Cesar, northern Colombia. The study was conducted in 2022, under greenhouse conditions with polycarbonate cover and anti-aphid mesh. We evaluated 10 clones of territorial seed source, using cuttings of 13 cm in length, of female plants. The rooted cuttings were planted in 6 L bags, in a mesh house until harvest. The randomized complete block design was used, with 10 treatments and three repetitions. Each experimental unit consisted of 20 plants, with a density of 16 plants/m2, both in the vegetative and reproductive phases, with distances between plants and rows of 14 cm. Genetic variability was estimated in both vegetative and reproductive characteristics and phytocannabinoid content. Three groups of genotypes were identified, according to the combinations of alleles coding for the phytocannabinoid content: high THC (tetrahydrocannabinol), similar THC-CBD ratio and high CBD (cannabidiol), which determines their potential use, mainly in medicine.
{"title":"Agronomic evaluation of Cannabis sativa (L.) cultivars in northern Colombia","authors":"Hérmes Araméndiz-Tatis, C. Cardona-Ayala, M. Espitia-Camacho, Andrea Herrera-Contreras, Alisson Villalba-Soto","doi":"10.17584/rcch.2023v17i1.15695","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17584/rcch.2023v17i1.15695","url":null,"abstract":"Cannabis sativa (L.) is used to obtain fiber, seeds and phytocannabinoids for medicinal and recreational purposes. The commercial production of this species is limited by the lack of knowledge of the agronomic behavior and the content of phytocannabinoids, hence the need for evaluation of genetic diversity, for the selection of cultivars, in accordance with the legal provisions in force in Colombia. The objective of this work was to evaluate the agronomic characteristics and phytocannabinoid content of 10 cultivars, in Pueblo Bello-Cesar, northern Colombia. The study was conducted in 2022, under greenhouse conditions with polycarbonate cover and anti-aphid mesh. We evaluated 10 clones of territorial seed source, using cuttings of 13 cm in length, of female plants. The rooted cuttings were planted in 6 L bags, in a mesh house until harvest. The randomized complete block design was used, with 10 treatments and three repetitions. Each experimental unit consisted of 20 plants, with a density of 16 plants/m2, both in the vegetative and reproductive phases, with distances between plants and rows of 14 cm. Genetic variability was estimated in both vegetative and reproductive characteristics and phytocannabinoid content. Three groups of genotypes were identified, according to the combinations of alleles coding for the phytocannabinoid content: high THC (tetrahydrocannabinol), similar THC-CBD ratio and high CBD (cannabidiol), which determines their potential use, mainly in medicine.","PeriodicalId":21384,"journal":{"name":"Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Hortícolas","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73152588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.17584/rcch.2023v17i1.15284
M. Cano, A. Darghan, J. Cuervo
In the Bogota Plateau (Bogota Savanna-Colombia), strawberry cultivation (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) is established from 2,000 to 2,800 m a.s.l. In this environment the relative humidity is generally greater than 70% and the temperature fluctuates between 14 and 22°C; this is a favorable climate for the development of fungal diseases. Gray mold (Botrytis cinerea) is the most important disease here and fruit losses can exceed 40% of production. The purpose of this research was to analyze the effect of the use of microbial antagonists in the biological regulation of B. cinerea and its relationship to production. Fragaria × ananassa Duch, cv. Monterrey plants were inoculated and co-inoculated (combination) at the time of transplantation with microbial consortia made up of mycorrhizal fungi, antagonistic bacteria and Trichoderma harzianum. We evaluated the temporal incidence of B. cinerea and the production of healthy fruits at 90, 180 and 270 days after transplantation. We observed a temporary increase in the incidence of the disease from 6.59 to 23.08% in the control plants, and higher values than those observed with biological treatment. Treatment with mycorrhizae showed the lowest values of B. cinerea with values from 0.89, 13.78% and the best treatment in fruit production. Inoculation and co-inoculation are an alternative for reducing the incidence of disease and for increasing fruit production.
{"title":"Temporal distribution of Botrytis cinerea and its relationship to the production of strawberries (Fragaria × ananassa Duch., Monterrey variety) subjected to biological treatments with microbial antagonists","authors":"M. Cano, A. Darghan, J. Cuervo","doi":"10.17584/rcch.2023v17i1.15284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17584/rcch.2023v17i1.15284","url":null,"abstract":"In the Bogota Plateau (Bogota Savanna-Colombia), strawberry cultivation (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) is established from 2,000 to 2,800 m a.s.l. In this environment the relative humidity is generally greater than 70% and the temperature fluctuates between 14 and 22°C; this is a favorable climate for the development of fungal diseases. Gray mold (Botrytis cinerea) is the most important disease here and fruit losses can exceed 40% of production. The purpose of this research was to analyze the effect of the use of microbial antagonists in the biological regulation of B. cinerea and its relationship to production. Fragaria × ananassa Duch, cv. Monterrey plants were inoculated and co-inoculated (combination) at the time of transplantation with microbial consortia made up of mycorrhizal fungi, antagonistic bacteria and Trichoderma harzianum. We evaluated the temporal incidence of B. cinerea and the production of healthy fruits at 90, 180 and 270 days after transplantation. We observed a temporary increase in the incidence of the disease from 6.59 to 23.08% in the control plants, and higher values than those observed with biological treatment. Treatment with mycorrhizae showed the lowest values of B. cinerea with values from 0.89, 13.78% and the best treatment in fruit production. Inoculation and co-inoculation are an alternative for reducing the incidence of disease and for increasing fruit production.","PeriodicalId":21384,"journal":{"name":"Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Hortícolas","volume":"147 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85881395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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