Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.17584/rcch.2022v16i1.13269
J. Álvarez-Herrera, J. E. Vélez, Marilcen Jaime-Guerrero
Cape gooseberry fruits have positioned in the world market due to their excellent nutritional characteristics, because they are an ideal food that contributes to raising the defenses of the human body and helps it to face diseases such as COVID-19, they are also a natural source of antioxidants and anticancer agents. In order to avoid the physiopathy of cracking in cape gooseberry fruits, these were characterized at harvest time, coming from greenhouse plants irrigated with different applications of water levels and irrigation frequencies, as well as different calcium doses, in a design of randomized complete blocks with 12 treatments. The blocks were the irrigation frequencies (4, 9 and 14 days), while the treatments were the combination of four irrigation coefficients (0.7, 0.9, 1.1 and 1.3 of the evaporation of the tank class A) and three doses of calcium (0, 50 and 100 kg ha-1). The plants were sown in 20 L pots with peat moss substrate. Fruits were harvested at the color stage 5 and 6 of the calyx, from 19 weeks after transplanting. The different water levels and irrigation frequencies did not significantly affect the firmness of the cape gooseberry fruits, but there was a strong tendency that cracked gooseberry fruits are less firm than healthy fruits. As the irrigation coefficient increased, the total soluble solids (TSS) increased while the total titratable acids (TTA) decreased. Irrigation frequency of 14 days generated fruits with higher TSS and pH values. The calcium doses did not affect the calcium concentration in the fruits or the TSS, TTA and pH values. Therefore, it can be concluded that incremented irrigation coefficients (up to 1.3) increase the quality of cape gooseberry fruits.
角醋栗果实因其优良的营养特性而在世界市场上占有重要地位，因为它们是有助于提高人体防御能力并帮助其应对COVID-19等疾病的理想食物，它们也是抗氧化剂和抗癌剂的天然来源。为了避免醋栗果实开裂的生理原因，在12个处理的随机完整区设计中，在不同的灌溉水平和灌溉频率以及不同的钙剂量下，在收获季节对温室植物进行了这些特征的研究。块为灌溉频率(4、9和14 d)，处理为4个灌溉系数(池A类蒸发量0.7、0.9、1.1和1.3)和3个钙剂量(0、50和100 kg ha-1)的组合。将植株播种在20升的盆中，并铺上泥炭苔藓基质。从移植后19周开始，在花萼的第5和第6色阶段收获果实。不同的灌溉水位和灌溉频率对醋栗果实的硬度无显著影响，但裂隙醋栗果实硬度有明显低于健康醋栗果实的趋势。随着灌溉系数的增大，总可溶性固形物(TSS)增加，总可滴定酸(TTA)减少。灌溉频率为14 d的果实TSS和pH值较高。钙剂量对果实中钙浓度、TSS、TTA和pH值没有影响。因此，增加灌溉系数(最高可达1.3)可提高醋栗果实品质。
{"title":"Characterization of cape gooseberry (Physalis peruviana L.) fruits from plants irrigated with different regimens and calcium doses","authors":"J. Álvarez-Herrera, J. E. Vélez, Marilcen Jaime-Guerrero","doi":"10.17584/rcch.2022v16i1.13269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17584/rcch.2022v16i1.13269","url":null,"abstract":"Cape gooseberry fruits have positioned in the world market due to their excellent nutritional characteristics, because they are an ideal food that contributes to raising the defenses of the human body and helps it to face diseases such as COVID-19, they are also a natural source of antioxidants and anticancer agents. In order to avoid the physiopathy of cracking in cape gooseberry fruits, these were characterized at harvest time, coming from greenhouse plants irrigated with different applications of water levels and irrigation frequencies, as well as different calcium doses, in a design of randomized complete blocks with 12 treatments. The blocks were the irrigation frequencies (4, 9 and 14 days), while the treatments were the combination of four irrigation coefficients (0.7, 0.9, 1.1 and 1.3 of the evaporation of the tank class A) and three doses of calcium (0, 50 and 100 kg ha-1). The plants were sown in 20 L pots with peat moss substrate. Fruits were harvested at the color stage 5 and 6 of the calyx, from 19 weeks after transplanting. The different water levels and irrigation frequencies did not significantly affect the firmness of the cape gooseberry fruits, but there was a strong tendency that cracked gooseberry fruits are less firm than healthy fruits. As the irrigation coefficient increased, the total soluble solids (TSS) increased while the total titratable acids (TTA) decreased. Irrigation frequency of 14 days generated fruits with higher TSS and pH values. The calcium doses did not affect the calcium concentration in the fruits or the TSS, TTA and pH values. Therefore, it can be concluded that incremented irrigation coefficients (up to 1.3) increase the quality of cape gooseberry fruits.","PeriodicalId":21384,"journal":{"name":"Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Hortícolas","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82932236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.17584/rcch.2022v16i1.13458
H. Araméndiz-Tatis, C. Cardona-Ayala, Miguel Espitia-Camacho, Luisa Peña-Salgado, Tatiana Doria-Pérez
El fríjol caupí es la principal leguminosa del Caribe colombiano, cultivada por pequeños productores, quienes usan semillas de sus propios cultivos y almacenadas bajo condiciones ambientales no controladas. El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar la calidad fisiológica de la semilla de cinco cultivares de fríjol caupí almacenadas durante 8-10 años. Para la prueba de conductividad eléctrica se hicieron seis experimentos (0, 4, 8, 12, 16 y 20 horas de imbibición), utilizando el diseño completamente aleatorizado con cinco repeticiones de 50 semillas cada una por tratamiento. Para la prueba de germinación convencional en invernadero se utilizó el diseño de bloques completos al azar con cuatro repeticiones de 50 semillas cada una por tratamiento. Los resultados indican que ambos métodos fueron eficientes para identificar la reducción de la viabilidad de la semilla por efectos del almacenamiento, con respuesta diferencial de los cultivares a causa de su genética. Los genotipos más afectados fueron L-026 y C-Tierralta, por acusar una mayor cantidad de lixiviados 107,19±11,81 y 108,87±8,57 µS cm-1 g-1, respectivamente a las 16 h de imbibición, menor porcentaje de germinación e índice de velocidad de germinación.
{"title":"Calidad fisiológica de la semilla de fríjol caupí (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.) por conductividad eléctrica y prueba de germinación","authors":"H. Araméndiz-Tatis, C. Cardona-Ayala, Miguel Espitia-Camacho, Luisa Peña-Salgado, Tatiana Doria-Pérez","doi":"10.17584/rcch.2022v16i1.13458","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17584/rcch.2022v16i1.13458","url":null,"abstract":"El fríjol caupí es la principal leguminosa del Caribe colombiano, cultivada por pequeños productores, quienes usan semillas de sus propios cultivos y almacenadas bajo condiciones ambientales no controladas. El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar la calidad fisiológica de la semilla de cinco cultivares de fríjol caupí almacenadas durante 8-10 años. Para la prueba de conductividad eléctrica se hicieron seis experimentos (0, 4, 8, 12, 16 y 20 horas de imbibición), utilizando el diseño completamente aleatorizado con cinco repeticiones de 50 semillas cada una por tratamiento. Para la prueba de germinación convencional en invernadero se utilizó el diseño de bloques completos al azar con cuatro repeticiones de 50 semillas cada una por tratamiento. Los resultados indican que ambos métodos fueron eficientes para identificar la reducción de la viabilidad de la semilla por efectos del almacenamiento, con respuesta diferencial de los cultivares a causa de su genética. Los genotipos más afectados fueron L-026 y C-Tierralta, por acusar una mayor cantidad de lixiviados 107,19±11,81 y 108,87±8,57 µS cm-1 g-1, respectivamente a las 16 h de imbibición, menor porcentaje de germinación e índice de velocidad de germinación.","PeriodicalId":21384,"journal":{"name":"Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Hortícolas","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91128100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.17584/rcch.2022v16i1.13685
Lucas Esteban Cano-Gallego, Nube Minchalá-Buestan, Ruby Alejandra Loaiza-Ruíz, J. R. Cartagena-Valenzuela, Ó. Córdoba-Gaona
The production of export-quality spearmint is limited in Colombia because of low production volumes, poor compliance with good agricultural practices, nutrient availability, and fertilization management. This study aimed to identify how NPK fertilization influences photosynthesis and photochemistry in Mentha plants during vegetative growth in a mesh house. Increasing doses of chemical fertilization were evaluated with a 10-30-10 (N-P-K) formula at 0, 60, 90, 120, and 180 kg ha-1. The evaluated variables were net photosynthesis (A), transpiration (E), stomatal conductance (gs), leaf temperature (Tleaf), quantum yield (Qy), Non-photochemical quenching (NPQ), photochemical quenching (qP), and dry matter (Dm). The highest A, Qy, E, and gs values were in the plants treated with high NPK doses; the NPQ and qP increased in the plants with low NPK doses. These findings elucidated the influence of NPK on photosynthesis and other physiological parameters in the growth and development of spearmint.
由于产量低、不符合良好农业规范、养分供应和施肥管理，哥伦比亚出口质量的绿薄荷的生产受到限制。本研究旨在确定氮磷钾施肥对薄荷植物营养生长过程中光合作用和光化学的影响。采用10-30-10 (N-P-K)配方，分别在0、60、90、120和180 kg hm -1施肥。评估变量为净光合作用(A)、蒸腾作用(E)、气孔导度(gs)、叶温(leaf)、量子产率(Qy)、非光化学猝灭(NPQ)、光化学猝灭(qP)和干物质(Dm)。A、Qy、E和gs值以高氮磷钾处理的植株最高;NPQ和qP在低氮磷钾剂量下增加。这些结果阐明了氮磷钾对绿薄荷生长发育过程中光合作用等生理参数的影响。
{"title":"Gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence in spearmint (Mentha spicata L.) leaves influenced by mineral nutrition","authors":"Lucas Esteban Cano-Gallego, Nube Minchalá-Buestan, Ruby Alejandra Loaiza-Ruíz, J. R. Cartagena-Valenzuela, Ó. Córdoba-Gaona","doi":"10.17584/rcch.2022v16i1.13685","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17584/rcch.2022v16i1.13685","url":null,"abstract":"The production of export-quality spearmint is limited in Colombia because of low production volumes, poor compliance with good agricultural practices, nutrient availability, and fertilization management. This study aimed to identify how NPK fertilization influences photosynthesis and photochemistry in Mentha plants during vegetative growth in a mesh house. Increasing doses of chemical fertilization were evaluated with a 10-30-10 (N-P-K) formula at 0, 60, 90, 120, and 180 kg ha-1. The evaluated variables were net photosynthesis (A), transpiration (E), stomatal conductance (gs), leaf temperature (Tleaf), quantum yield (Qy), Non-photochemical quenching (NPQ), photochemical quenching (qP), and dry matter (Dm). The highest A, Qy, E, and gs values were in the plants treated with high NPK doses; the NPQ and qP increased in the plants with low NPK doses. These findings elucidated the influence of NPK on photosynthesis and other physiological parameters in the growth and development of spearmint.","PeriodicalId":21384,"journal":{"name":"Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Hortícolas","volume":"340 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77054695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.17584/rcch.2022v16i1.13413
B. Jaramillo-Colorado, Rafael Vega-Díaz, Cruz Nayibe Pino-Benítez
Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour.) Spreng is an herbaceous and aromatic plant that belongs to the Lamiaceae family. In this research work, the repellent and insecticidal activity of the essential oil (EO) of P. amboinicus from the Condoto township in the department of Choco (Colombia) against the flour weevil Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) was studied. EO was isolated by the hydrodistillation technique. The identification of the volatile metabolites of P. amboinicus EO was done through gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC / MS). The contact method was used for the bioassay of the essential oil’s repellent and fumigant activities. In the Plectranthus amboinicus EO, fifteen compounds were found. The major compound was carvacrol (75.9%) followed by α-bergamotene, p-cymene, α-humulene, 4-terpineol, caryophyllene oxide, β-guaiene, 1-octen-3-ol, α-muurolene, caryophyllene, 3-hexen-2-ol, γ-terpinene, isothymol, 2-carene and β-bisabolene, respectively. The highest repellent activity obtained was 83.33 and 9.67% at a concentration of 0,1% with exposure times of 2 and 4 hours, respectively. The fumigant activity was 100% at a concentration of EO 250 μL L-1. The results indicated that the natural compounds tested may be useful alternatives to control T. castaneum infestation.
{"title":"Volatile chemical composition of Colombian Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour.) Spreng essential oil and its biocidal action against Tribolium castaneum (Herbst)","authors":"B. Jaramillo-Colorado, Rafael Vega-Díaz, Cruz Nayibe Pino-Benítez","doi":"10.17584/rcch.2022v16i1.13413","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17584/rcch.2022v16i1.13413","url":null,"abstract":"Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour.) Spreng is an herbaceous and aromatic plant that belongs to the Lamiaceae family. In this research work, the repellent and insecticidal activity of the essential oil (EO) of P. amboinicus from the Condoto township in the department of Choco (Colombia) against the flour weevil Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) was studied. EO was isolated by the hydrodistillation technique. The identification of the volatile metabolites of P. amboinicus EO was done through gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC / MS). The contact method was used for the bioassay of the essential oil’s repellent and fumigant activities. In the Plectranthus amboinicus EO, fifteen compounds were found. The major compound was carvacrol (75.9%) followed by α-bergamotene, p-cymene, α-humulene, 4-terpineol, caryophyllene oxide, β-guaiene, 1-octen-3-ol, α-muurolene, caryophyllene, 3-hexen-2-ol, γ-terpinene, isothymol, 2-carene and β-bisabolene, respectively. The highest repellent activity obtained was 83.33 and 9.67% at a concentration of 0,1% with exposure times of 2 and 4 hours, respectively. The fumigant activity was 100% at a concentration of EO 250 μL L-1. The results indicated that the natural compounds tested may be useful alternatives to control T. castaneum infestation.","PeriodicalId":21384,"journal":{"name":"Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Hortícolas","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85086888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.17584/rcch.2022v16i1.13456
Edwin Erazo-Mesa, Andrés Echeverri-Sánchez, J. G. Ramírez-Gil
Under tropical conditions, Hass avocado irrigation is a controversial issue due to insufficient scientific evidence. The rapid progression of technological advances and its incorporation in agriculture have expanded options to improve the irrigation scheduling (IS) of Hass avocado. The concept featuring those technological advances in agriculture is digital agriculture (DA). Here, we present a mixture of well-known studies in the Hass avocado irrigation focused on proximal sensing (PS) technologies and recent studies emphasizing the potential of remote sensing (RS), and application technologies to schedule the irrigation. PS takes advantage of the soil or trees' proximity to output reliable measurements with a high temporal resolution, while RS provides a broad set of spectral data in continuous and large areas that can be transformed into crop-related biophysical variables. Applications – a term grouping mobile (smartphone) apps, desktop programs, and web-based platforms – offers portability, high precision, and graphic visualization of variables obtained or estimated by sensors. Integrating RS and PS technologies through user-friendly applications can represent a suitable option to improve Hass avocado irrigation in developing countries. Our review is presented in the following sections: general introduction, DA approach definition, use of proximal sensing, use of remote sensing, and scheduling irrigation applications.
{"title":"Advances in Hass avocado irrigation scheduling under digital agriculture approach","authors":"Edwin Erazo-Mesa, Andrés Echeverri-Sánchez, J. G. Ramírez-Gil","doi":"10.17584/rcch.2022v16i1.13456","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17584/rcch.2022v16i1.13456","url":null,"abstract":"Under tropical conditions, Hass avocado irrigation is a controversial issue due to insufficient scientific evidence. The rapid progression of technological advances and its incorporation in agriculture have expanded options to improve the irrigation scheduling (IS) of Hass avocado. The concept featuring those technological advances in agriculture is digital agriculture (DA). Here, we present a mixture of well-known studies in the Hass avocado irrigation focused on proximal sensing (PS) technologies and recent studies emphasizing the potential of remote sensing (RS), and application technologies to schedule the irrigation. PS takes advantage of the soil or trees' proximity to output reliable measurements with a high temporal resolution, while RS provides a broad set of spectral data in continuous and large areas that can be transformed into crop-related biophysical variables. Applications – a term grouping mobile (smartphone) apps, desktop programs, and web-based platforms – offers portability, high precision, and graphic visualization of variables obtained or estimated by sensors. Integrating RS and PS technologies through user-friendly applications can represent a suitable option to improve Hass avocado irrigation in developing countries. Our review is presented in the following sections: general introduction, DA approach definition, use of proximal sensing, use of remote sensing, and scheduling irrigation applications.","PeriodicalId":21384,"journal":{"name":"Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Hortícolas","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86645264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.17584/rcch.2022v16i1.13056
A. M. Martínez-Reina, Lilibet Tordecilla-Zumaqué, María del Valle Rodríguez-Pinto, Liliana María Grandett-Martínez, Carina Cecilia Cordero-Cordore, E. Correa-Álvarez
Sweet pepper cultivation is one of the more important activities in the Caribbean region, cultivated by approximately 4,284 farmers with the family farming system, in areas ranging from 0.25 to 2.0 ha. In the literature for this region, there is no evidence of a study that has investigated the technical efficiency of this production system. For this reason, this study aimed to evaluate the technical efficiency of the use of resources by sweet chili farmers in the Caribbean producing areas of Colombia. The sample was 62 farmers, surveyed via simple random sampling from the use of statistics from the Ministry of Agriculture of Colombia. A Cobb Douglas-type functional model was formulated. The contribution of the variables seed, labor, fertilizer, weeds and yields in the productive units was determined. The results showed that labor and weed management had a positive effect on production increases. There was inefficiency with production gaps of 0.18% and efficiency of 82%; a production deficit of 1 t ha-1 was observed. There were returns on an increasing scale that was explained by the direct relationship between the inputs of labor and weed management.
{"title":"Study of the technical efficiency of the sweet chili (Capsicum chinense) in the producing regions of the Colombian Caribbean","authors":"A. M. Martínez-Reina, Lilibet Tordecilla-Zumaqué, María del Valle Rodríguez-Pinto, Liliana María Grandett-Martínez, Carina Cecilia Cordero-Cordore, E. Correa-Álvarez","doi":"10.17584/rcch.2022v16i1.13056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17584/rcch.2022v16i1.13056","url":null,"abstract":"Sweet pepper cultivation is one of the more important activities in the Caribbean region, cultivated by approximately 4,284 farmers with the family farming system, in areas ranging from 0.25 to 2.0 ha. In the literature for this region, there is no evidence of a study that has investigated the technical efficiency of this production system. For this reason, this study aimed to evaluate the technical efficiency of the use of resources by sweet chili farmers in the Caribbean producing areas of Colombia. The sample was 62 farmers, surveyed via simple random sampling from the use of statistics from the Ministry of Agriculture of Colombia. A Cobb Douglas-type functional model was formulated. The contribution of the variables seed, labor, fertilizer, weeds and yields in the productive units was determined. The results showed that labor and weed management had a positive effect on production increases. There was inefficiency with production gaps of 0.18% and efficiency of 82%; a production deficit of 1 t ha-1 was observed. There were returns on an increasing scale that was explained by the direct relationship between the inputs of labor and weed management.","PeriodicalId":21384,"journal":{"name":"Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Hortícolas","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75034939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.17584/rcch.2022v16i1.13592
G. Chaves-Bedoya
Genetic variability studies on species with a pharmacological potential are essential for conserving genetic resources. A genetic characterization of a species can guide efforts to collect and conserve germplasm for future breeding programs. The Croton genus belongs to the Euphorbiaceae family, which has approximately 1,300 species, is widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions of the world, and has a wide range of ethnobotanical and medicinal uses. The aim of this research was to study genetic variability by analyzing sequences of the internal transcribed space region (ITS1 5'-TCCGTAGGGAACCTGCGGC-3' and ITS4 5'-TCCTCCGCTTATGC-3') of ribosomal DNA (rDNA) of a Croton population from forested areas in the Department of Norte de Santander in the municipalities of Chinacota, Pamplona and El Zulia. The results indicated considerable genetic variability in the Croton population, with a nucleotide similarity ranging from 54 to 99% and phylogenetical grouping according to the place of origin. The information gained from the ITS region can be a useful parameter for diversity evaluations and phylogenetic studies since there are no similar studies on Croton in this department in northeastern Colombia.
{"title":"Study on Croton sp. genetic diversity in the Department of Norte de Santander using the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of ribosomal DNA (rDNA)","authors":"G. Chaves-Bedoya","doi":"10.17584/rcch.2022v16i1.13592","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17584/rcch.2022v16i1.13592","url":null,"abstract":"Genetic variability studies on species with a pharmacological potential are essential for conserving genetic resources. A genetic characterization of a species can guide efforts to collect and conserve germplasm for future breeding programs. The Croton genus belongs to the Euphorbiaceae family, which has approximately 1,300 species, is widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions of the world, and has a wide range of ethnobotanical and medicinal uses. The aim of this research was to study genetic variability by analyzing sequences of the internal transcribed space region (ITS1 5'-TCCGTAGGGAACCTGCGGC-3' and ITS4 5'-TCCTCCGCTTATGC-3') of ribosomal DNA (rDNA) of a Croton population from forested areas in the Department of Norte de Santander in the municipalities of Chinacota, Pamplona and El Zulia. The results indicated considerable genetic variability in the Croton population, with a nucleotide similarity ranging from 54 to 99% and phylogenetical grouping according to the place of origin. The information gained from the ITS region can be a useful parameter for diversity evaluations and phylogenetic studies since there are no similar studies on Croton in this department in northeastern Colombia.","PeriodicalId":21384,"journal":{"name":"Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Hortícolas","volume":"93 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84093286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.17584/rcch.2022v16i1.13160
T. Kondo, J. Woolley, Yenifer Campos-Patiño
During a study carried out to determine the prevalence of mealybugs in pineapple (Ananas comosus) orchards conducted in the department of Valle del Cauca, Colombia, the parasitoid wasp Hambletonia pseudococcina Compere, 1936 (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) and the predatory fly Pseudiastata sp. (Diptera: Drosophilidae) were found in association with the pineapple mealybug Dysmicoccus brevipes (Cockerell, 1893) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae). These two natural enemies are briefly diagnosed and illustrated. This is the first record of the genus Pseudiastata in Colombia.
{"title":"Report and diagnoses of Hambletonia pseudococcina Compere (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) and Pseudiastata sp. (Diptera: Drosophilidae): Natural enemies of Dysmicoccus brevipes (Cockerell) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) in Valle del Cauca, Colombia","authors":"T. Kondo, J. Woolley, Yenifer Campos-Patiño","doi":"10.17584/rcch.2022v16i1.13160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17584/rcch.2022v16i1.13160","url":null,"abstract":"During a study carried out to determine the prevalence of mealybugs in pineapple (Ananas comosus) orchards conducted in the department of Valle del Cauca, Colombia, the parasitoid wasp Hambletonia pseudococcina Compere, 1936 (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) and the predatory fly Pseudiastata sp. (Diptera: Drosophilidae) were found in association with the pineapple mealybug Dysmicoccus brevipes (Cockerell, 1893) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae). These two natural enemies are briefly diagnosed and illustrated. This is the first record of the genus Pseudiastata in Colombia.","PeriodicalId":21384,"journal":{"name":"Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Hortícolas","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85804542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.17584/rcch.2022v16i1.13564
Germán-Eduardo Cely-Reyes, Carlos Julio Fernández-Pérez, Ingrid Yaneth Walteros-Torres, Fabiola del Rosario Camargo-Guerrero, P. Serrano-Cely
The water used for agricultural irrigation has significant effects on crop production, along with chemical degradation of soil and water. This study determined the salt dynamics in two irrigation systems for bulb onion cultivation in the Samacá Valley, Colombia. Water samples were taken from the irrigation (reservoir) and the crop with lysimeters. The pH, sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sulfates, chlorides, electrical conductivity (EC), and sodium adsorption ratio (RAS) index were measured. The T-student test was applied to independent samples for the response variables. Significant differences were found between the irrigation systems for EC and SO4 at 100 dat. The irrigation water (reservoir) was classified as C3-S1. The leached water in the two irrigation systems, according to the relative concentration of Na+ with respect to Ca+2 and Mg+2 (RAS) and CE, was C4-S1. Therefore, the water had a high probability of salinization, not suitable for irrigation, meaning that management plans must be carried out to prevent soil and water degradation. These results can be used to develop a sustainable management plan for water and soil resources in the Samacá Valley to prevent loss of productive land.
{"title":"Determination of salt dynamics in leached water from cultivated onions (Allium cepa) under two irrigation systems in the Samacá-Boyacá Valley","authors":"Germán-Eduardo Cely-Reyes, Carlos Julio Fernández-Pérez, Ingrid Yaneth Walteros-Torres, Fabiola del Rosario Camargo-Guerrero, P. Serrano-Cely","doi":"10.17584/rcch.2022v16i1.13564","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17584/rcch.2022v16i1.13564","url":null,"abstract":"The water used for agricultural irrigation has significant effects on crop production, along with chemical degradation of soil and water. This study determined the salt dynamics in two irrigation systems for bulb onion cultivation in the Samacá Valley, Colombia. Water samples were taken from the irrigation (reservoir) and the crop with lysimeters. The pH, sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sulfates, chlorides, electrical conductivity (EC), and sodium adsorption ratio (RAS) index were measured. The T-student test was applied to independent samples for the response variables. Significant differences were found between the irrigation systems for EC and SO4 at 100 dat. The irrigation water (reservoir) was classified as C3-S1. The leached water in the two irrigation systems, according to the relative concentration of Na+ with respect to Ca+2 and Mg+2 (RAS) and CE, was C4-S1. Therefore, the water had a high probability of salinization, not suitable for irrigation, meaning that management plans must be carried out to prevent soil and water degradation. These results can be used to develop a sustainable management plan for water and soil resources in the Samacá Valley to prevent loss of productive land.","PeriodicalId":21384,"journal":{"name":"Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Hortícolas","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77093832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.17584/rcch.2022v16i1.14046
Nicolás Forero-Pineda, P. Serrano-Cely, F. Forero-Ulloa, A. Gómez-Palacio, José Luis Acero-Cristancho
The bulb onion crop, besides being one of the main vegetable crops worldwide for Boyacá, is considered one of the pillars of the regional agricultural economy. Despite being so important from the economic aspect, at the agricultural level this crop has several problems among which stand out the nutritional requirements of the crop and poor practices in terms of soil management and conservation. That is why it is important to understand the physicochemical variability of the soil associated with the crop and how these can be related to intrinsic processes at a local geographic scale. To determine the variability of soil physicochemical conditions in the bulb onion crop, a total of 15 zones of 50m x 50m within the Usochicamocha irrigation district were analyzed. Soil samples were collected and subsequently analyzed in the laboratory. Information was obtained on parameters such as pH, OM%, ED, bulk density, soil texture, Ca, Mg, K, Na and P. The soil data obtained allowed us to observe the grouping patterns of study zones which have no geographical incidence, suggesting that intrinsic characteristics of the crops such as agricultural practices would play a more important role in the physicochemical variability than extrinsic factors such as the ecogeographic range of the zone. Our results support efforts to continue exploring the variability of soil physicochemical conditions within a crop and how these may relate to local soil management and conservation practices after each harvest season.
{"title":"Physicochemical variability of agricultural soils in the bulb onion (Allium Cepa L.) crop of the irrigation and drainage district Usochicamocha in Boyacá, Colombia","authors":"Nicolás Forero-Pineda, P. Serrano-Cely, F. Forero-Ulloa, A. Gómez-Palacio, José Luis Acero-Cristancho","doi":"10.17584/rcch.2022v16i1.14046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17584/rcch.2022v16i1.14046","url":null,"abstract":"The bulb onion crop, besides being one of the main vegetable crops worldwide for Boyacá, is considered one of the pillars of the regional agricultural economy. Despite being so important from the economic aspect, at the agricultural level this crop has several problems among which stand out the nutritional requirements of the crop and poor practices in terms of soil management and conservation. That is why it is important to understand the physicochemical variability of the soil associated with the crop and how these can be related to intrinsic processes at a local geographic scale. To determine the variability of soil physicochemical conditions in the bulb onion crop, a total of 15 zones of 50m x 50m within the Usochicamocha irrigation district were analyzed. Soil samples were collected and subsequently analyzed in the laboratory. Information was obtained on parameters such as pH, OM%, ED, bulk density, soil texture, Ca, Mg, K, Na and P. The soil data obtained allowed us to observe the grouping patterns of study zones which have no geographical incidence, suggesting that intrinsic characteristics of the crops such as agricultural practices would play a more important role in the physicochemical variability than extrinsic factors such as the ecogeographic range of the zone. Our results support efforts to continue exploring the variability of soil physicochemical conditions within a crop and how these may relate to local soil management and conservation practices after each harvest season.","PeriodicalId":21384,"journal":{"name":"Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Hortícolas","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78821258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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