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Validation of a European Spanish adaptation of the Apathy Evaluation Scale-self-rated version (AES-S) in patients with schizophrenia 精神分裂症患者冷漠评估量表自评版(AES-S)的欧洲西班牙改编的验证
IF 9.2 3区 医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rpsm.2020.04.008
Clara Martínez-Cao , Leticia García-Álvarez , Teresa Bobes-Bascarán , Lorena de la Fuente-Tomás , Emilio Fernández-Egea , Ángela Velasco , Leticia González-Blanco , Paula Zurrón-Madera , Eduardo Fonseca-Pedrero , Pilar A. Sáiz-Martínez , María Paz García-Portilla , Julio Bobes

Introduction

Apathy is a negative symptom of schizophrenia and is associated with poor real world functioning. Therefore, it is important to have validated psychometric instruments to assess this symptom. This is the first study to validate the Spanish adaptation of the self-rated version of the Apathy Assessment Scale (AES-S) in patients with schizophrenia.

Materials and methods

Naturalistic, cross-sectional, validation study in 104 patients with schizophrenia evaluated using the following scales: Clinical Global Impression-Severity (CGI-S), Personal and Social Performance (PSP), Clinical Assessment Interview for Negative Symptoms (CAINS), Self-report of Negative Symptoms (SNS), Motivation and Pleasure Scale-Self-Report (MAP-SR), Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia (CDSS), and Apathy Evaluation Scale-self-rated version (AES-S).

Results

Reliability: Internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha) was 0.908. Convergent validity: The Pearson correlation coefficient between AES-S and CAINS-MAP total scores was −0.483 (p < 0.001). For SNS, total and avolition subscale scores were −0.803 and −0.639 (p < 0.001), respectively. With the MAP-SR, the correlation coefficient was −0.727 (p < 0.001). Divergent validity: The Pearson correlation coefficient between AES-S and PSP total scores was 0.504 (p < 0.001). Furthermore, with the CDSS, the correlation coefficient was −0.431 (p < 0.001). Discriminant validity: The AES-S discriminated between different levels of illness severity according to CGI-S scores. Factor analysis: A three-component solution explained 57.32% of the variance. Pearson correlations between coefficients were 1–2 = 0.265, 1–3 = 0.464, and 2–3 = 0.060.

Conclusion

The Spanish AES-S is a reliable and valid instrument for assessing apathy in Spanish patients with schizophrenia. It seems to be appropriate for use in everyday clinical practice as a means of monitoring apathy in these patients.

冷漠是精神分裂症的一种阴性症状,与现实生活功能低下有关。因此,重要的是要有有效的心理测量工具来评估这种症状。这是第一个验证西班牙语自评版冷漠评估量表(AES-S)在精神分裂症患者中的适应性的研究。材料与方法对104例精神分裂症患者进行自然、横断面、验证性研究,采用以下量表进行评估:临床总体印象-严重程度(ci -s)、个人与社会表现(PSP)、阴性症状临床评估访谈(CAINS)、阴性症状自述(SNS)、动机与愉悦量表-自述(MAP-SR)、精神分裂症卡尔加里抑郁量表(CDSS)和冷漠评估量表-自评版(AES-S)。结果信度:内部一致性(Cronbach’s alpha)为0.908。收敛效度:AES-S总分与CAINS-MAP总分的Pearson相关系数为- 0.483 (p <0.001)。SNS的总分和自愿分分别为- 0.803分和- 0.639分(p <分别为0.001)。MAP-SR的相关系数为- 0.727 (p <0.001)。发散效度:AES-S与PSP总分的Pearson相关系数为0.504 (p <0.001)。此外,与CDSS相关系数为- 0.431 (p <0.001)。区分效度:AES-S根据CGI-S评分区分不同程度的疾病严重程度。因子分析:三组分解决方案解释了57.32%的方差。系数间Pearson相关性为1-2 = 0.265,1-3 = 0.464,2-3 = 0.060。结论西班牙AES-S量表是一种可靠、有效的评估西班牙精神分裂症患者冷漠程度的工具。它似乎适合在日常临床实践中使用,作为监测这些患者冷漠的手段。
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引用次数: 1
Efectos del trauma infantil en el reconocimiento de la expresión facial de miedo en psicosis 儿童创伤对精神病患者恐惧面部表情识别的影响
IF 9.2 3区 医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rpsm.2019.01.005
Antía Brañas , Guillermo Lahera , María Luisa Barrigón , Manuel Canal-Rivero , Miguel Ruiz-Veguilla

Introduction

Childhood trauma has been reported as a risk factor for psychosis. Different types of traumatic experiences in childhood could lead to different clinical manifestations in psychotic disorders.

Material and methods

We studied differences in social cognition (emotion recognition and theory of mind) and clinical symptoms in a sample of 62 patients with psychosis (less than 5 years of illness) and childhood trauma, analysing performance by trauma type.

Results

Psychotic patients with a history of childhood trauma other than sexual abuse were more capable of recognizing fear as a facial emotion (especially when facial stimuli were non-degraded) than participants with a history of sexual abuse or with no history of childhood trauma (P = .008). We also found that the group that had suffered sexual abuse did not show improvement in fear recognition when exposed to clearer stimuli, although this intergroup difference did not reach statistical significance (P = .064). We have not found other differences between abuse groups, neither in clinical symptoms (PANSS factors) nor in Hinting Task scores.

Conclusion

We have found differences in fear recognition among patients with psychotic disorders who have experienced different types of childhood trauma.

据报道,童年创伤是精神病的一个危险因素。不同类型的童年创伤经历可能导致不同的精神障碍临床表现。材料与方法我们研究了62例精神病患者(发病未满5年)和儿童期创伤患者的社会认知(情绪识别和心理理论)和临床症状的差异,并按创伤类型分析其表现。结果有儿童期创伤史(非性虐待)的精神病患者比有儿童期创伤史或无儿童期创伤史的患者更能识别恐惧为面部情绪(特别是当面部刺激非退化时)(P = 0.008)。我们还发现,当暴露于更清晰的刺激时,遭受过性虐待的组在恐惧识别方面没有表现出改善,尽管这种组间差异没有达到统计学意义(P = 0.064)。我们没有发现虐待组之间的其他差异,无论是在临床症状(PANSS因素)还是在暗示任务得分方面。结论不同童年创伤类型的精神障碍患者在恐惧识别方面存在差异。
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引用次数: 7
[Suicidal attempt and suicidal ideation during the COVID-19 pandemic compared to previous years]. [COVID-19大流行期间的自杀企图和自杀意念与往年相比]。
IF 9.2 3区 医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2021-11-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.rpsm.2021.11.004
Miguel A Jerónimo, Sergio Piñar, Pilar Samos, Ana M Gonzalez, Magda Bellsolà, Agnès Sabaté, Jordi León, Xavier Aliart, Luis M Martín, Rosa Aceña, Victor Pérez, David Córcoles

Introduction: Since the COVID-19 pandemic began, warnings have been made about the impact on the mental health of the population and as occurred in previous pandemics, an increase in suicide rates had been anticipated. To date, studies differ with regard to whether suicide rates are being affected during the COVID pandemic.

Material and methods: All individuals registered for suicidal ideation or suicidal attempt in the Suicide Risk Code (CRS) from the city of Barcelona from January 1, 2018 to June 30, 2021 have been included. A bivariate analysis has been carried out between the 2018-2019 period and the pandemic period. The percentage increase in the monthly incidence of CRS cases has been calculated, using the average monthly incidence for the 2018-2019 period as a reference.

Results: A total of 3388 consultations for suicide ideation or suicidal attempt were registered. There has been an increase of 43.20% in the monthly incidence of suicidal ideation and suicidal attempts during the pandemic compared to the 2018-2019 period, reaching a maximum increase of 573.8% in young people under 18 years in the month of May 2021.

Conclusions: During the COVID-19 pandemic period, consultations for suicidal ideation and suicidal attempts have increased compared to the previous 2 years in the city of Barcelona. It should be noted this growth especially in young people under 18 years.

导言:自 COVID-19 大流行开始以来,人们就一直在警告其对人们心理健康的影响,而且与以往的大流行一样,人们预计自杀率会上升。迄今为止,有关 COVID 大流行期间自杀率是否受到影响的研究各不相同:纳入了巴塞罗那市从 2018 年 1 月 1 日至 2021 年 6 月 30 日期间在自杀风险代码(CRS)中登记的所有有自杀倾向或自杀未遂的人。对 2018-2019 年期间和大流行期间进行了二元分析。以2018-2019年期间的月平均发病率为参考,计算了CRS病例月发病率的增长百分比:共登记了 3388 例因自杀意念或自杀未遂而就诊的病例。与 2018-2019 年期间相比,大流行期间自杀意念和自杀未遂的月发病率增加了 43.20%,2021 年 5 月,18 岁以下青少年的发病率增幅最大,达到 573.8%:在 COVID-19 大流行期间,巴塞罗那市因自杀意念和自杀企图而就诊的人数与前两年相比有所增加。值得注意的是,18 岁以下青少年的发病率增长尤为明显。
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引用次数: 0
La Convención de Naciones Unidas sobre los Derechos de las Personas con Discapacidad: los efectos del debate 《联合国残疾人权利公约:辩论的影响》
IF 9.2 3区 医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2021-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rpsm.2021.02.001
Julián Gómez Peñalver, Carmen Fernández de Henestrosa Serra, José Luis Ayuso-Mateos
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引用次数: 2
Exploring the factor structure of the mini-ICF-APP in an inpatient clinical sample, according to the psychiatric diagnosis 根据精神病学诊断,探讨住院患者临床样本中mini-ICF-APP的因子结构
IF 9.2 3区 医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2021-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rpsm.2020.05.008
Stephan T. Egger , Godehard Weniger , Julio Bobes , Erich Seifritz , Stefan Vetter

Introduction

Psychosocial functioning is a key factor determining prognosis, severity, impairment and quality of life in people who have a mental disorder. The mini-ICF-APP was developed to provide a standardised classification of functioning and disability. However, despite its gaining popularity little is known about its structure and performance. This paper examines the structure of the mini-ICF-APP using factor analysis techniques.

Materials and methods

In a clinical sample of 3178 patients, with psychiatric diagnoses from several ICD-10 categories, we analysed internal consistency, item inter-correlations and the factorial structure of the data, with reference to ICD-10 diagnostic categories; Neurocognitive Disorders; Alcohol Use Disorders; Substance Use Disorders; Schizophrenia and Psychotic Disorders; Bipolar Disorder; Major Depressive Disorder; Anxiety Disorders; Personality Disorders; and Neurodevelopmental Disorders.

Results

We found good internal consistency and item inter-correlations (Cronbach alpha = 0.92) for the mini-ICF-APP. We were able to identify pivotal domains (flexibility, assertiveness and intimate relationships), which demonstrate sub-threshold influences on other domains. The factor analysis yielded a one-factor model as ideal for the whole sample and for all diagnostic categories. For some diagnostic categories the data suggested a two or three-factor model, however, with poorer fit indices.

Conclusions

The factor structure of the mini-ICF-APP appears to modify according to the main diagnosis. However, a one-factor model demonstrates better fit regardless of diagnostic category. Consequently, we consider the mini-ICF-APP to be a trans-diagnostic measurement instrument for the assessment and grading of psychosocial functioning. The use of the mini-ICF-APP sum score seems to best reflect the degree of impairment in an individual, even taking into account that affected domains may lead to sub-threshold effects on other domains.

心理社会功能是决定精神障碍患者预后、严重程度、损害和生活质量的关键因素。mini-ICF-APP的开发是为了提供功能和残疾的标准化分类。然而,尽管它越来越受欢迎,但人们对它的结构和性能知之甚少。本文利用因子分析技术考察了mini-ICF-APP的结构。参考ICD-10的诊断分类,我们分析了3178例临床样本的内部一致性、项目相互相关性和数据的析因结构;神经认知障碍;酒精使用障碍;物质使用障碍;精神分裂症和精神障碍;双相情感障碍;重度抑郁症;焦虑障碍;人格障碍;以及神经发育障碍。结果mini-ICF-APP具有良好的内部一致性和项目间相关性(Cronbach alpha = 0.92)。我们能够确定关键领域(灵活性、自信和亲密关系),这些领域对其他领域的影响低于阈值。因子分析产生了一个单因素模型作为理想的整个样本和所有诊断类别。然而,对于某些诊断类别,数据显示是两个或三个因素的模型,拟合指数较差。结论mini-ICF-APP的因子结构随着主要诊断的不同而发生改变。然而,无论诊断类别如何,单因素模型都具有更好的拟合性。因此,我们认为mini-ICF-APP是一种跨诊断的测量工具,用于评估和评定心理社会功能。即使考虑到受影响的域可能导致其他域的亚阈值效应,使用mini-ICF-APP总评分似乎也能最好地反映个体的损伤程度。
{"title":"Exploring the factor structure of the mini-ICF-APP in an inpatient clinical sample, according to the psychiatric diagnosis","authors":"Stephan T. Egger ,&nbsp;Godehard Weniger ,&nbsp;Julio Bobes ,&nbsp;Erich Seifritz ,&nbsp;Stefan Vetter","doi":"10.1016/j.rpsm.2020.05.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rpsm.2020.05.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Psychosocial functioning is a key factor determining prognosis, severity, impairment and quality of life in people who have a mental disorder. The mini-ICF-APP was developed to provide a standardised classification of functioning and disability. However, despite its gaining popularity little is known about its structure and performance. This paper examines the structure of the mini-ICF-APP using factor analysis techniques.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p>In a clinical sample of 3178 patients, with psychiatric diagnoses from several ICD-10 categories, we analysed internal consistency, item inter-correlations and the factorial structure of the data, with reference to ICD-10 diagnostic categories; Neurocognitive Disorders; Alcohol Use Disorders; Substance Use Disorders; Schizophrenia and Psychotic Disorders; Bipolar Disorder; Major Depressive Disorder; Anxiety Disorders; Personality Disorders; and Neurodevelopmental Disorders.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>We found good internal consistency and item inter-correlations (Cronbach alpha<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.92) for the mini-ICF-APP. We were able to identify pivotal domains (flexibility, assertiveness and intimate relationships), which demonstrate sub-threshold influences on other domains. The factor analysis yielded a one-factor model as ideal for the whole sample and for all diagnostic categories. For some diagnostic categories the data suggested a two or three-factor model, however, with poorer fit indices.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The factor structure of the mini-ICF-APP appears to modify according to the main diagnosis. However, a one-factor model demonstrates better fit regardless of diagnostic category. Consequently, we consider the mini-ICF-APP to be a trans-diagnostic measurement instrument for the assessment and grading of psychosocial functioning. The use of the mini-ICF-APP sum score seems to best reflect the degree of impairment in an individual, even taking into account that affected domains may lead to sub-threshold effects on other domains.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21391,"journal":{"name":"Revista de psiquiatria y salud mental","volume":"14 4","pages":"Pages 186-195"},"PeriodicalIF":9.2,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1888989120300665/pdfft?md5=8b5ff36bfd2f96489e0da5d926b2ec13&pid=1-s2.0-S1888989120300665-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38200551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Obsessive–compulsive symptoms in anxiety and depressive disorders: Influence of recent and/or traumatic life events 焦虑和抑郁障碍中的强迫症状:近期和/或创伤性生活事件的影响
IF 9.2 3区 医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2021-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rpsm.2020.12.002
Arantxa Orozco , Narcís Cardoner , Cristina F. Aragón , Salvador Ruiz-Murugarren , María Vicens , Miguel Ángel Álvarez-Mon , Guillermo Lahera

Introduction

A high prevalence of obsessive–compulsive symptoms (OCSs) in anxiety-depressive disorders ranging from 30 to 67% has been described.

Objective

This study aims to assess the presence and persistence of OCSs in an outpatient sample of subjects with anxiety and depressive disorders, as well as its relationship with recent life events (RLEs) and/or traumatic experiences (TEs).

Method

We conducted a prospective, observational, analytical study of 200 subjects with DSM-5 diagnoses of anxiety and/or depression. Participants were included by consecutive sampling and were evaluated at baseline and after 6–12 months (mean 8.5 months) of follow-up. The severity of the symptoms was assessed through the Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HARS) and Hamilton Scale for the evaluation of depression (HRSD-17), and comorbidity was assessed through the International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI). The Revised Inventory of Obsessions and Compulsions (OCI-R), the Recent Vital Changes Questionnaire (CVSV), and the Diagnostic Scale for Post-Traumatic Stress (PDS) were also administered.

Results

54% of the sample presented OCSs, and 30.5% presented one or more TEs throughout life. At the baseline visit, the presence of OCSs was associated with the severity of depressive symptoms (p = 0.028), the presence of TEs (p < 0.01), symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (p < 0.01) and the number of RLEs (p < 0.01). Response rate at follow-up was 38%, and persistence of OCSs was found in 60.5% of patients, independent of depressive or anxious symptoms, but was associated with the number of RLEs (p < 0.01).

Conclusion

The presence of OCSs in patients with anxiety and depressive disorders is frequent and persistent. Anxious-depressive patients with a history of TEs and RLEs had higher OCS levels. These findings highlight the importance of early detection and the use of therapeutic strategies focused on resilience to stress and trauma.

据报道,焦虑抑郁障碍中强迫症(OCSs)的患病率很高,从30%到67%不等。目的本研究旨在评估门诊焦虑症和抑郁症患者OCSs的存在和持续性,以及其与近期生活事件(RLEs)和/或创伤经历(TEs)的关系。方法对200名DSM-5诊断为焦虑和/或抑郁的受试者进行前瞻性、观察性、分析性研究。参与者通过连续抽样纳入,并在基线和6-12个月(平均8.5个月)随访后进行评估。通过汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HARS)和汉密尔顿抑郁评估量表(HRSD-17)评估症状严重程度,通过国际神经精神病学访谈(MINI)评估合并症。同时进行强迫强迫修正量表(OCI-R)、近期生命变化问卷(CVSV)和创伤后应激诊断量表(PDS)。结果54%的患者出现过OCSs, 30.5%的患者一生中出现过一次或多次TEs。基线访视时,OCSs的存在与抑郁症状的严重程度相关(p = 0.028), TEs的存在与抑郁症状的严重程度相关(p <0.01),创伤后应激障碍症状(p <0.01)和RLEs数量(p <0.01)。随访有效率为38%,60.5%的患者持续存在OCSs,与抑郁或焦虑症状无关,但与RLEs次数有关(p <0.01)。结论焦虑抑郁障碍患者出现OCSs的频率和持续性较高。有TEs和RLEs病史的焦虑抑郁患者OCS水平较高。这些发现强调了早期发现和使用治疗策略的重要性,重点是对压力和创伤的恢复能力。
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引用次数: 3
The probability of response after each subcutaneous injection of esketamine in treatment-resistant depression 每次皮下注射艾氯胺酮治疗难治性抑郁症后的反应概率
IF 9.2 3区 医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2021-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rpsm.2020.10.003
Victor Augusto Rodovalho Fava , Luciana Maria Sarin , Ana Cecília Lucchese , Lorena Del Sant , Eduardo Magalhães , Rodrigo Simonini Delfino , Marco Aurélio Tuena , Carolina Nakahira , Andrea Parolin Jackowski , Guilherme Abdo , Juliana Surjan , Matheus Steiglich , Matheus Ghossain Barbosa , José Alberto Del Porto , Acioly Luiz Tavares Lacerda , Hugo Cogo-Moreira

Introduction

The administration of multiple esketamine doses has shown efficacy for unipolar and bipolar treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Nevertheless, the probability of responding or not after each dose in the real-world remains unknown. This study aimed to estimate it throughout four doses of esketamine, administrated via subcutaneous (SC).

Material and methods

We conducted a retrospective analysis of a case series of 70 patients with TRD who received treatment from the esketamine assistance program at Federal University of Sao Paulo, between April 2017 and December 2018. The SC injections were administrated weekly at a dose of 0.5–1.0 mg/kg, in conjunction with patients’ psychotropic drugs. Response was defined as a decrease of at least 50% in the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale between baseline and 24 h after dose. We used hidden Markov modeling in order to estimate de probability of response after each esketamine injection.

Results

The probability of a patient that was a “non-responder” to become a “responder” following a SC injection of esketamine was 17.30% and the probability that this patient remains a “non-responder” was 82.70%. The probability of a patient that was a “responder” to remain as a “responder” was 95%.

Conclusions

Patients with TRD who had not responded after the first dose of esketamine, still had a chance of responding after the subsequent dose administrated via SC.

多剂量艾氯胺酮治疗单极和双相难治性抑郁症(TRD)有效。然而,在现实世界中,每次剂量后反应或不反应的概率仍然未知。本研究旨在评估通过皮下(SC)给药的四个剂量的艾氯胺酮。材料与方法我们对2017年4月至2018年12月期间在圣保罗联邦大学接受艾氯胺酮辅助项目治疗的70例TRD患者进行了回顾性分析。SC注射每周给药,剂量为0.5-1.0 mg/kg,与患者的精神药物联合使用。缓解被定义为蒙哥马利-Åsberg抑郁评定量表在基线和给药后24小时之间至少下降50%。我们使用隐马尔可夫模型来估计每次注射艾氯胺酮后的反应概率。结果SC注射艾氯胺酮后,“无应答者”变为“应答者”的概率为17.30%,保持“无应答者”的概率为82.70%。曾经是“应答者”的病人保持“应答者”身份的概率是95%。结论首次给药后无反应的TRD患者,经SC给药后仍有可能出现反应。
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引用次数: 2
¿Los pacientes psiquiátricos son más vulnerables ante la ley de la eutanasia española? 精神病人更容易受到西班牙安乐死法的影响吗?
IF 9.2 3区 医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2021-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rpsm.2021.01.003
Adrián Alacreu-Crespo , Lucas Giner , Philippe Courtet
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引用次数: 3
Sensibilidad y especificidad de los criterios diagnósticos DSM-5 en el trastorno del espectro autista en una muestra de niños y adolescentes españoles DSM-5诊断标准在西班牙儿童和青少年样本中的敏感性和特异性
IF 9.2 3区 医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2021-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rpsm.2019.10.004
Ana Blázquez Hinojosa , Luisa Lázaro Garcia , Olga Puig Navarro , Eva Varela Bondelle , Rosa Calvo Escalona

Background

Controversy exists regarding the DSM-5 criteria for autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Given the mixed results that have been reported, our main aim was to determine DSM-5 sensitivity and specificity in a child and adolescent Spanish sample. As secondary goals, we assessed the diagnostic stability of DSM-IV-TR in DSM-5, and clinical differences between children diagnosed with an ASD or a social (pragmatic) communication disorder (SPCD).

Methods

This study was carried out in 2017, reviewing the medical records of patients evaluated in our service. Items from a parent report measure of ASD symptoms (Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised) were matched to DSM-5 criteria and used to assess the sensitivity and specificity of the DSM-5 criteria and current DSM-IV criteria when compared with clinical diagnoses.

Results

DSM-5 sensitivity ranged from 0.69 to 1.00, and was higher in females. By age, the DSM-5 and DSM-IV-TR criteria showed similar sensitivity. In the case of intellectual quotient, DSM-5 criteria sensitivity was lower for those in the “low-functioning” category. DSM-5 specificity ranged from 0.64 to 0.73, while DSM-5 specificity was similar for all phenotypic subgroups. With respect to stability, 83.3% of autism disorder cases retained a diagnosis of ASD using the DSM-5 criteria. With regard to differences between ASD and SPCD, we found that patients diagnosed with ASD received more pharmacological treatment than those diagnosed with SPCD.

Conclusions

Further research is required to confirm our results. Studies focusing on the SPCD phenotype will be necessary to determine outcome differences with ASD and the most effective diagnostic and therapeutic tools.

关于自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)的DSM-5标准存在争议。鉴于已报道的混合结果,我们的主要目的是确定DSM-5在儿童和青少年西班牙样本中的敏感性和特异性。作为次要目标,我们评估了DSM-IV-TR在DSM-5中的诊断稳定性,以及诊断为ASD或社会(实用)沟通障碍(SPCD)的儿童之间的临床差异。方法本研究于2017年开展,回顾我院所评估患者的病历。来自ASD症状的家长报告测量项目(自闭症诊断访谈-修订版)与DSM-5标准相匹配,并用于评估DSM-5标准和现行DSM-IV标准与临床诊断相比的敏感性和特异性。结果dsm -5的敏感性在0.69 ~ 1.00之间,女性较高。按年龄划分,DSM-5和DSM-IV-TR标准的敏感性相似。在智商的情况下,DSM-5标准对“低功能”类别的人的敏感度较低。DSM-5特异性范围为0.64 ~ 0.73,而所有表型亚组的DSM-5特异性相似。在稳定性方面,83.3%的自闭症病例保留了使用DSM-5标准诊断的ASD。关于ASD和SPCD之间的差异,我们发现ASD患者比SPCD患者接受更多的药物治疗。结论需要进一步的研究来证实我们的结果。研究集中在SPCD表型将是必要的,以确定与ASD的结果差异和最有效的诊断和治疗工具。
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引用次数: 3
Intoxicación por litio: la amenaza SILENTiosa 锂中毒:无声的威胁
IF 9.2 3区 医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2021-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rpsm.2020.06.006
Álvaro Martínez-Martín , Álvaro Sánchez-Larsen , Carolina Sánchez-Mora , Rocío Sáez-Povedano , Tomás Segura
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引用次数: 0
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Revista de psiquiatria y salud mental
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