Pub Date : 2024-01-22DOI: 10.32873/unl.dc.zea.1507
Anthony Benezet
Anthony Benezet scoured the available English literature of colonial exploitation for evidence of the humanity of the trafficked Africans and the inhumanity of the European traders in human beings. He compiled and published this Short Account in 1762 to present the case for termination of the trans-Atlantic transportation of kidnapped Africans, for abolition of slavery and the slave trade, and for emancipation of the enslaved persons held in bondage in North America and elsewhere. Drawing on Scottish moral philosophy, British Whig ideology, and, most importantly, on New Testament gospel teachings, Benezet presented both reasoned and impassioned appeals for the recognition that Africans had rights to life and liberty that were being abrogated on an industrial scale in violation of the most basic Christian beliefs. The mid-eighteenth century witnessed the height of the English and North American participation in the trans-Atlantic slave trade, and this early abolitionist tract raised an important and ultimately influential outcry in favor of its termination and the remediation of its manifold abuses.
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Pub Date : 2023-11-28DOI: 10.32873/unl.dc.zea.1506
Dan D. Crawford
This book is a study of the career and ministry of Ruth Duvall Crawford (1916–1986), the wife of prominent evangelist Percy Crawford (1902–1960). As pianist for Percy’s evangelistic team and director of music for his various evangelistic enterprises, Ruth put together an ensemble of 40–50 musicians, and produced hundreds of high-quality music programs, geared to Percy’s nationwide radio and television audiences. These programs set a new standard of performance in evangelical circles in the Northeast and Central United States in the 1930s and 40s. In the process of building this musical program, Ruth developed a format and an original style of gospel music that proved to be highly effective in communicating the gospel to a wide audience. Even with the constraints placed upon her as a woman, Ruth was able to carve out her own identity and realize her full potential as a musical artist. Throughout their twenty-nine year ministry together, Ruth devoted herself fully and faithfully to Percy’s single-minded mission of winning souls; she and her musicians always viewed the significance of their music as supportive of this soul-saving work. I will argue, however, that, in fact, her music comprised a ministry in its own right, with a message of its own that had the power to change hearts and transform lives. I formulate what I believe was the content of that message— namely, the possibility of drawing close to the person of Jesus, and entering into an intimate relationship with him. Further, I suggest that her message did not merely complement Percy’s and strengthen its appeal, but offered the listener a different way of coming to know Christ as one’s personal savior.
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Pub Date : 2023-09-29DOI: 10.32873/unl.dc.zea.1316
L. M. Child
The roots of white supremacy lie in the institution of negro slavery. From the 15th through the 19th century, white Europeans trafficked in abducted and enslaved Africans and justified the practice with excuses that seemed somehow to reconcile the injustice with their professed Christianity. The United States was neither the first nor the last nation to abolish slavery, but its proclaimed principles of freedom and equality were made ironic by the nation’s reluctance to extend recognition to all Americans. “Americans” is what Mrs. Child calls those fellow countrymen of African ancestry; citizenship and equality are what she proposed beyond simple abolition. While Mrs. Child expected the Appeal to offend and alienate a significant portion of her large audience, she wrote “it has been strongly impressed upon my mind that it was a duty to fulfil this task; and earthly considerations should never stifle the voice of conscience.” Thirty years before Abraham Lincoln’s Emanicipation Proclamation, she assembled the evidence for liberation and placed it before a large national audience. Her work helped push national emancipation into the mainstream, and her research supplied a generation of later essayists and pamphleteers with essential background for the continuing debate on the most vital issue in American history.
{"title":"An Appeal in Favor of That Class of Americans Called Africans","authors":"L. M. Child","doi":"10.32873/unl.dc.zea.1316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32873/unl.dc.zea.1316","url":null,"abstract":"The roots of white supremacy lie in the institution of negro slavery. From the 15th through the 19th century, white Europeans trafficked in abducted and enslaved Africans and justified the practice with excuses that seemed somehow to reconcile the injustice with their professed Christianity. The United States was neither the first nor the last nation to abolish slavery, but its proclaimed principles of freedom and equality were made ironic by the nation’s reluctance to extend recognition to all Americans. “Americans” is what Mrs. Child calls those fellow countrymen of African ancestry; citizenship and equality are what she proposed beyond simple abolition. While Mrs. Child expected the Appeal to offend and alienate a significant portion of her large audience, she wrote “it has been strongly impressed upon my mind that it was a duty to fulfil this task; and earthly considerations should never stifle the voice of conscience.” Thirty years before Abraham Lincoln’s Emanicipation Proclamation, she assembled the evidence for liberation and placed it before a large national audience. Her work helped push national emancipation into the mainstream, and her research supplied a generation of later essayists and pamphleteers with essential background for the continuing debate on the most vital issue in American history.","PeriodicalId":213927,"journal":{"name":"Zea Books","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139334306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-14DOI: 10.32873/unl.dc.zea.1505
Wayne Mollhoff
For 40 years Wayne Mollhoff conducted a personal bird census every January. He explains: "After having run several Breeding Bird Survey routes, and participated in several Christmas Bird Counts, I became curious to see what might be found on a winter count under the more tightly controlled parameters of a census, as contrasted with Christmas counts done with variable numbers of observers." The count was set up similarly to the USGS Breeding Bird Survey routes with 50 stops, one-half mile (800 meters) apart, all birds counted for 3 minutes, with birds counted at one stop not counted again at following stops. The census route ran from the northwest corner of Boone County, along Beaver Creek, to a point outside Albion. Counts began at local sunrise. A total of 73 species were recorded during the 40-year census. This paper records those results and offers observations on patterns of occurrence or absence and changes in frequency.
{"title":"Observations on a 40-Year January Bird Census in Boone County, Nebraska, 1978–2017","authors":"Wayne Mollhoff","doi":"10.32873/unl.dc.zea.1505","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32873/unl.dc.zea.1505","url":null,"abstract":"For 40 years Wayne Mollhoff conducted a personal bird census every January. He explains: \"After having run several Breeding Bird Survey routes, and participated in several Christmas Bird Counts, I became curious to see what might be found on a winter count under the more tightly controlled parameters of a census, as contrasted with Christmas counts done with variable numbers of observers.\"\u0000\u0000The count was set up similarly to the USGS Breeding Bird Survey routes with 50 stops, one-half mile (800 meters) apart, all birds counted for 3 minutes, with birds counted at one stop not counted again at following stops. The census route ran from the northwest corner of Boone County, along Beaver Creek, to a point outside Albion. Counts began at local sunrise.\u0000\u0000A total of 73 species were recorded during the 40-year census. This paper records those results and offers observations on patterns of occurrence or absence and changes in frequency.","PeriodicalId":213927,"journal":{"name":"Zea Books","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134913302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-10DOI: 10.32873/unl.dc.zea.1504
Emerging infectious disease (EID) represents an existential threat to humanity. EIDs are increasing in frequency and impact because of climate change and other human activities. We are losing the battle against EIDs because of improper assessment of the risk of EID. This stems from adherence to a failed paradigm of pathogen-host associations that suggests EIDs ought to be both unpredictable and rare. That, in turn, leads to policies suggesting that crisis response is the best we can do. Real-time and phylogenetic assessments show EIDs to be neither rare nor unpredictable—this is the parasite paradox that shows the failures of the traditional paradigm. The Stockholm Paradigm (SP) resolves the parasite paradox, based on the notion that EIDs are expressions of preexisting capacities of pathogens that colonize susceptible but previously unexposed hosts when environmental perturbations create new opportunities. This makes risk space much larger than thought; moreover, climate change and anthropogenic activities increase the risk of EID. The policy extension of the SP is the DAMA protocol (Document, Assess, Monitor, Act). Preexisting capacities for colonizing new hosts given the opportunity are both specific and phylogenetically conservative, hence, highly predictable. This provides hope that we can prevent at least some EIDs and mitigate the impacts of those we cannot prevent. Novel variants arise only after new hosts are colonized and are thus both likely and unpredictable. This makes the DAMA protocol the essential starting point for a clear pathway for coping effectively with the EID crisis. This volume explores the state of the art with respect to the SP and the DAMA protocol. Contributors: Salvatore J. Agosta, Sabrina B. L. Araujo, Walter A. Boeger, Daniel R. Brooks, Jocelyn P. Colella, Joseph A. Cook, Jonathan L. Dunnum, Gábor Földvári, Scott L. Gardner, Eric P. Hoberg, Alicia Juarrero, Vitaliy Kharchenko, Marina Knickel, Christine Marizzi, Orsolya Molnár, Eloy Ortíz, Bernd Panassiti, Wolfgang Preiser, Angie T. C. Souza, Éva Szabó, Valeria Trivellone
新发传染病(EID)是对人类生存的威胁。由于气候变化和其他人类活动,eid的频率和影响都在增加。由于对EID风险评估不当,我们正在输掉与EID的战斗。这源于坚持一种失败的病原体-宿主关联模式,这种模式认为eid既不可预测又罕见。这反过来又会导致一些政策表明,危机应对是我们能做的最好的事情。实时和系统发育评估表明,eid既不罕见,也不不可预测——这是寄生虫悖论,显示了传统范式的失败。斯德哥尔摩范式(SP)解决了寄生虫悖论,基于这样一种概念,即eid是病原体先前存在的能力的表达,当环境扰动创造新的机会时,病原体会在易感但以前未暴露的宿主上定植。这使得风险空间比想象的要大得多;此外,气候变化和人为活动增加了EID的风险。SP的策略扩展是DAMA协议(文档、评估、监控、行动)。如果有机会,预先存在的殖民新宿主的能力是特定的,并且在系统发育上是保守的,因此是高度可预测的。这给我们带来了希望,我们至少可以预防一些ied,并减轻那些我们无法预防的影响。新的变异只有在新的宿主被殖民后才会出现,因此既可能又不可预测。这使得DAMA协议成为有效应对EID危机的明确途径的基本起点。本卷探讨了相对于SP和DAMA协议的艺术状态。撰稿人:Salvatore J. Agosta, Sabrina B. L. Araujo, Walter A. Boeger, Daniel R. Brooks, Jocelyn P. Colella, Joseph A. Cook, Jonathan L. Dunnum, Gábor Földvári, Scott L. Gardner, Eric P. Hoberg, Alicia juarreero, Vitaliy Kharchenko, Marina Knickel, Christine Marizzi, Orsolya Molnár, Eloy Ortíz, Bernd Panassiti, Wolfgang Preiser, Angie T. C. Souza, Éva Szabó, Valeria Trivellone
{"title":"An Evolutionary Pathway for Coping with Emerging Infectious Disease","authors":"","doi":"10.32873/unl.dc.zea.1504","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32873/unl.dc.zea.1504","url":null,"abstract":"Emerging infectious disease (EID) represents an existential threat to humanity. EIDs are increasing in frequency and impact because of climate change and other human activities. We are losing the battle against EIDs because of improper assessment of the risk of EID. This stems from adherence to a failed paradigm of pathogen-host associations that suggests EIDs ought to be both unpredictable and rare. That, in turn, leads to policies suggesting that crisis response is the best we can do. Real-time and phylogenetic assessments show EIDs to be neither rare nor unpredictable—this is the parasite paradox that shows the failures of the traditional paradigm. The Stockholm Paradigm (SP) resolves the parasite paradox, based on the notion that EIDs are expressions of preexisting capacities of pathogens that colonize susceptible but previously unexposed hosts when environmental perturbations create new opportunities. This makes risk space much larger than thought; moreover, climate change and anthropogenic activities increase the risk of EID. The policy extension of the SP is the DAMA protocol (Document, Assess, Monitor, Act). Preexisting capacities for colonizing new hosts given the opportunity are both specific and phylogenetically conservative, hence, highly predictable. This provides hope that we can prevent at least some EIDs and mitigate the impacts of those we cannot prevent. Novel variants arise only after new hosts are colonized and are thus both likely and unpredictable. This makes the DAMA protocol the essential starting point for a clear pathway for coping effectively with the EID crisis. This volume explores the state of the art with respect to the SP and the DAMA protocol. Contributors: Salvatore J. Agosta, Sabrina B. L. Araujo, Walter A. Boeger, Daniel R. Brooks, Jocelyn P. Colella, Joseph A. Cook, Jonathan L. Dunnum, Gábor Földvári, Scott L. Gardner, Eric P. Hoberg, Alicia Juarrero, Vitaliy Kharchenko, Marina Knickel, Christine Marizzi, Orsolya Molnár, Eloy Ortíz, Bernd Panassiti, Wolfgang Preiser, Angie T. C. Souza, Éva Szabó, Valeria Trivellone","PeriodicalId":213927,"journal":{"name":"Zea Books","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136072748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Microbe Hunters by Paul de Kruif was first published in 1926 by Harcourt, Brace and Company, New York. It dramatically recounts the breakthrough discoveries of the fundamental elements of bacteriology. It features exciting profiles of Antony Leeuwenhoek, Lazzaro Spallanzani, Louis Pasteur, Robert Koch, Émile Roux, Emil Behring, Élie Metchnikoff, Theobald Smith, David Bruce, Ronald Ross, Battista Grassi, Walter Reed, and Paul Ehrlich. Their development of germ theory and its scientific proofs led to the first effective treatments for human diseases like anthrax, rabies, diptheria, malaria, sleeping sickness, syphilis, and yellow fever. They also made discoveries that saved the dairy, wine, beer, silk, and cattle industries. These determined experimenters proved time and again that tiny living beings only seen by microscope can have huge impacts on human life, and they emphatically demonstrated the value of science for modern civilization. A best seller in its time, the work is an enduring classic that has inspired many scientific careers.
保罗-德-克鲁伊夫的《微生物猎人》于 1926 年由纽约 Harcourt, Brace and Company 首次出版。该书生动地再现了细菌学基本要素的突破性发现。书中介绍了安东尼-列文虎克、拉扎罗-斯帕兰扎尼、路易-巴斯德、罗伯特-科赫、埃米尔-鲁、埃米尔-贝林、埃利-梅契尼可夫、西奥博尔德-史密斯、大卫-布鲁斯、罗纳德-罗斯、巴蒂斯塔-格拉西、沃尔特-里德和保罗-埃利希等人的精彩事迹。他们提出的细菌理论及其科学证明,首次有效治疗了炭疽、狂犬病、白喉、疟疾、昏睡病、梅毒和黄热病等人类疾病。他们的发现还挽救了乳制品、葡萄酒、啤酒、丝绸和养牛业。这些坚定的实验者一次又一次地证明,只有在显微镜下才能看到的微小生物也能对人类生活产生巨大影响,他们有力地证明了科学对现代文明的价值。这部作品在当时是一本畅销书,是一部经久不衰的经典之作,激励了许多人的科学事业。
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Pub Date : 2023-08-15DOI: 10.32873/unl.dc.zea.1502
Hugh Genoways
The expansion and collapse of the geographic range of the Texas rice rat (Oryzomys texensis) in the upper Mississippi River drainage basin at the end of the Holocene was a unique event in North American mammals. In a period of about 4000 years with a point of origin near the American Bottom in Illinois, these small rodents extended their geographic range in a straight-line distance of over 950 km to the west into Nebraska and the same distance to the east into Pennsylvania. Then in less than 400 years this range expansion collapsed back to a point where the northern-most edge of the modern geographic range of these rice rats is in southern Illinois. It is concluded that no single factor lead to this geographic range expansion, but it was a complex interplay of changes in Native American populations, culture, foodways, riverine habitats, and climate along with the impact of kleptoparasitism and passive anthropochory. The collapse of the expanded geographic range of Texas rice rats appears to have occurred between AD 1400 and AD 1600, but it did not occur simultaneously throughout the geographic range. This was not an orderly range contraction, but a collapse of populations in place with many local extinction events. These rice rat populations declined beginning with the onset of the Little Ice Age, which brought a colder and wetter climate that caused crop failures resulting from droughts, cold temperatures, or shortened growing seasons. These conditions stressed the dietary reserves of the human populations and thereby the rice rat populations. These conditions, particularly droughts, were harmful to the growing of maize, which served as the primary food resource of the Native Americans and the associated populations of rice rats. It is proposed that the pre-1910 records of rice rat from unusual localities compared to the modern geographic range in southwestern Ohio, Kentucky, and Kansas represent the final extinction events of these Holocene rice rat populations.
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Pub Date : 2023-08-15DOI: 10.32873/unl.dc.zea.1501
Victoria Woodhull
Spiritualist, stockbroker, publisher, activist for women’s suffrage, equal rights, and “free love,” Victoria Claflin Woodhull (1838 –1927) was the first woman nominated to run for President of the United States. The Principles of Social Freedom was delivered to a packed New York City audience in 1871. It called for a revolution in the legal, social, and sexual situation of women, for their liberation from the “despotic” control of men, and for their social freedom to live and love as they might choose. Mrs. Woodhull based this radical reimagining of social norms on America’s own values of freedom and equality, and she found a historical precedent: “Men do not seem to comprehend that they are now pursuing toward women the same despotic course that King George pursued toward the American colonies.” Overtly Christian, optimistic, and forward-looking, Mrs. Woodhull announced the inevitability of political equality between women and men: “Women must rise from their position as ministers to the passions of men to be their equals.” Radically for her era, she called for a social Reconstruction and the sexual freedom of women in and out of marriage, especially their absolute right to control their own reproductive decisions: “I protest against the custom which compels women to give the control of their maternal functions over to anybody.” Mrs. Woodhull’s own history gave credence to her picture of women’s conditions. Married at 15 to an abusive alcoholic philandering husband, obliged to support a bankrupt family with two children, she had forged successful careers as speaker, advisor, healer, Wall Street broker, newspaper publisher, and finally as a dynamic political force. At the time of this speech, Mrs. Woodhull was a declared candidate for President. She had recently argued before a Congressional committee that the the 14th and 15th Amendments established women’s right to vote. Earlier that month, in a much publicized incident, she had been turned away from the polls while attempting to vote in the New York election. In this daring lecture she imagines how true legal and political equality of women will ultimately revolutionize sexual politics, and holds out the promise of a world where social freedom and free love are inevitable.
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Pub Date : 2023-08-15DOI: 10.32873/unl.dc.zea.1503
Paul de Kruif
Microbe Hunters by Paul de Kruif was first published in 1926 by Harcourt, Brace and Company, New York. It dramatically recounts the breakthrough discoveries of the fundamental elements of bacteriology. It features exciting profiles of Antony Leeuwenhoek, Lazzaro Spallanzani, Louis Pasteur, Robert Koch, Émile Roux, Emil Behring, Élie Metchnikoff, Theobald Smith, David Bruce, Ronald Ross, Battista Grassi, Walter Reed, and Paul Ehrlich. Their development of germ theory and its scientific proofs led to the first effective treatments for human diseases like anthrax, rabies, diptheria, malaria, sleeping sickness, syphilis, and yellow fever. They also made discoveries that saved the dairy, wine, beer, silk, and cattle industries. These determined experimenters proved time and again that tiny living beings only seen by microscope can have huge impacts on human life, and they emphatically demonstrated the value of science for modern civilization. A best seller in its time, the work is an enduring classic that has inspired many scientific careers.
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Pub Date : 2023-03-21DOI: 10.32873/unl.dc.zea.1342
Fannie Reed Giffen, Susette La Flesche Tibbles, Judi Gaiashkibos
“This little book tells many important tribal stories for today and for future generations. These historic vignettes of the Omaha Nation and its leaders are shared so personally by author Fannie Reed Giffen and her collaborators, Susette and Susan La Flesche. It has been a treasure of mine for 25 years and I hope it becomes one of yours. The re-publication of the original comes on the 125-year anniversary of the 1898 Omaha Trans-Mississippi Exposition and Indian Congress. Its arrival is timely as many of its stories and people are vital to our nation’s history. A sculpture of Omaha Chief Big Elk will stand proudly on the banks of the Missouri as the city of Omaha celebrates its namesake this summer! Susette La Flesche Tibbles is known today for her role in the Trial of Ponca Chief Standing Bear. She is recognized as an activist for Indian rights along with her sister Dr. Susan La Flesche Picotte, the first Native American Physician. Their stories were not part of my childhood, yet today these amazing women inspire me. The stories of America’s first people are essential to an understanding of our country. More and more, books like this are shining a light on people we need to know. I want to thank Zea Books for making this little jewel of American history accessible for more of us to appreciate and enjoy.”
“这本小书讲述了许多重要的部落故事,对今天和后代都有意义。作者范妮·里德·吉芬和她的合作者苏塞特和苏珊·拉·弗莱什亲自分享了这些关于奥马哈民族及其领导人的历史故事。25年来,它一直是我的宝贝,我希望它也能成为你的宝贝。原版的重新出版恰逢1898年奥马哈跨密西西比河博览会和印第安人大会125周年。它的到来很及时,因为它的许多故事和人物对我们国家的历史至关重要。奥马哈酋长大麋鹿的雕塑将自豪地矗立在密苏里河岸上,因为奥马哈市将在今年夏天庆祝以自己的名字命名!Susette La Flesche Tibbles因其在Ponca Chief Standing Bear审判中的角色而闻名于世。她和她的妹妹苏珊·拉·弗莱什·皮科特博士(第一位美洲原住民医生)一起被认为是印第安人权利的积极分子。她们的故事不是我童年的一部分,但今天,这些了不起的女性激励着我。美国第一批人的故事对于了解我们的国家至关重要。越来越多像这样的书照亮了我们需要了解的人。我要感谢Zea图书公司让我们更多人能够欣赏和享受美国历史上的这颗小宝石。”
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