Pub Date : 2021-12-30DOI: 10.15275/rusomj.2021.0429
Z. Kharaeva, V. Vissarionov, S. M. Mustafaeva, Melena M. Yusupova, A. R. Shogenova, Dzhamilya I. Sarakaeva, Diana V. Degoeva, V. Smeianov
Background — One of the main causes of hyperergic postoperative tissue response could be a prolonged opening in the septum between normally isolated anatomical regions, e.g., of the nasal cavity and oropharynx in patients with congenital disorders of maxillofacial region, which leads to anomalous exchange of their microbiotas. Objective — The objective of this study was to determine the composition of culturable facultative anaerobic microbiota of oronasopharyngeal mucosa, and to identify cytokine profiles in patients with congenital disorders of maxillofacial region in both preoperative and postoperative periods. Methods and Results — Our study is based on the results of examining the children with unilateral congenital cleft of upper lip (CL) before and after surgery, as well as examining the children with simultaneous unilateral congenital cleft of upper lip and palate (CLP) before and after primary rhinocheiloplasty. We used ELISA to determine the content of interleukin-10 (IL-1β) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) in the samples of blood serum and mucosal surfaces. The study of culturable microflora was conducted in patients before the surgery and during a postoperative period, specifically at one, three, six, and twelve months. Isolation of pure bacterial cultures was performed via conventional bacteriological methods followed by identification using MALDI-TOF testing. Before the surgery, microbial colonization was observed at significantly higher levels in CLP children than in healthy children. After the surgery, microbiological indicators partially came to normal values solely in CL patients. Local IL-1β concentrations remained significantly higher than those found in healthy subjects. In terms of postoperative dynamics, blood plasma antioxidant activity declined below normal values in CLP patients. Conclusion — Our study demonstrated the need for preoperative eradication of potential pathogens (e.g., Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella spp., Candida spp. and Streptococcus spp.), preferably, via using non-antibiotic approaches, such as probiotics and phage therapy, as well as supportive integrative therapy (e.g., using antioxidants).
{"title":"Oropharyngeal Dysbiosis Affects Postoperative Tissue Reparative Capacity In Patients With Congenital Disorders Of Maxillofacial Region","authors":"Z. Kharaeva, V. Vissarionov, S. M. Mustafaeva, Melena M. Yusupova, A. R. Shogenova, Dzhamilya I. Sarakaeva, Diana V. Degoeva, V. Smeianov","doi":"10.15275/rusomj.2021.0429","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15275/rusomj.2021.0429","url":null,"abstract":"Background — One of the main causes of hyperergic postoperative tissue response could be a prolonged opening in the septum between normally isolated anatomical regions, e.g., of the nasal cavity and oropharynx in patients with congenital disorders of maxillofacial region, which leads to anomalous exchange of their microbiotas. Objective — The objective of this study was to determine the composition of culturable facultative anaerobic microbiota of oronasopharyngeal mucosa, and to identify cytokine profiles in patients with congenital disorders of maxillofacial region in both preoperative and postoperative periods. Methods and Results — Our study is based on the results of examining the children with unilateral congenital cleft of upper lip (CL) before and after surgery, as well as examining the children with simultaneous unilateral congenital cleft of upper lip and palate (CLP) before and after primary rhinocheiloplasty. We used ELISA to determine the content of interleukin-10 (IL-1β) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) in the samples of blood serum and mucosal surfaces. The study of culturable microflora was conducted in patients before the surgery and during a postoperative period, specifically at one, three, six, and twelve months. Isolation of pure bacterial cultures was performed via conventional bacteriological methods followed by identification using MALDI-TOF testing. Before the surgery, microbial colonization was observed at significantly higher levels in CLP children than in healthy children. After the surgery, microbiological indicators partially came to normal values solely in CL patients. Local IL-1β concentrations remained significantly higher than those found in healthy subjects. In terms of postoperative dynamics, blood plasma antioxidant activity declined below normal values in CLP patients. Conclusion — Our study demonstrated the need for preoperative eradication of potential pathogens (e.g., Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella spp., Candida spp. and Streptococcus spp.), preferably, via using non-antibiotic approaches, such as probiotics and phage therapy, as well as supportive integrative therapy (e.g., using antioxidants).","PeriodicalId":21426,"journal":{"name":"Russian Open Medical Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45307947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-30DOI: 10.15275/rusomj.2021.0411
Dwi Prihatin Era, Ratna Sitorus, Yati Afiyanti
This review aimed at providing a summary of a collection of literature that covers breast cancer and related phenomena, namely fatigue and the disruption of self-esteem and body image that can occur when a cancer diagnosis is given. As the most common symptom reported by survivors, fatigue is a unique personal symptom that burdened survivors, a consequence as well as an antecedent. Fatigue in cancer is caused by disease processes as well as treatment side effects and becomes a serious problem compared to pain and nausea due to limited physical function, and psychological and social welfare. Facing the problem of fatigue, and poor self-esteem and body image in nursing science contributes to the empowerment of survivors; this is achieved through nursing processes and is a standard that can be used to solve fatigue problems.
{"title":"Empowerment In The Treatment Of Fatigue In Breast Cancer Patients","authors":"Dwi Prihatin Era, Ratna Sitorus, Yati Afiyanti","doi":"10.15275/rusomj.2021.0411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15275/rusomj.2021.0411","url":null,"abstract":"This review aimed at providing a summary of a collection of literature that covers breast cancer and related phenomena, namely fatigue and the disruption of self-esteem and body image that can occur when a cancer diagnosis is given. As the most common symptom reported by survivors, fatigue is a unique personal symptom that burdened survivors, a consequence as well as an antecedent. Fatigue in cancer is caused by disease processes as well as treatment side effects and becomes a serious problem compared to pain and nausea due to limited physical function, and psychological and social welfare. Facing the problem of fatigue, and poor self-esteem and body image in nursing science contributes to the empowerment of survivors; this is achieved through nursing processes and is a standard that can be used to solve fatigue problems.","PeriodicalId":21426,"journal":{"name":"Russian Open Medical Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41808732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-30DOI: 10.15275/rusomj.2021.0419
Hossein Abdi, H. Ghaleh, B. Kondori, B. Motlagh
Objective — Ulcerative colitis is an inflammatory bowel disease usually affecting the innermost lining of the colon and rectum. Both corticosteroids and anti-inflammatory drugs are administrated as medical treatment for UC. However, these drugs, in addition to chemical side effects, impose exorbitant costs on patients. Therefore, extensive studies are underway to find new treatment approaches. This study aims to determine the effect of calcitriol-treated mesenchymal stem cells in the UC treatment. Material and Methods — This experimental study was performed on 50 Wistar rats with inducing ulcerative colitis model by 4% acetic acid. MSCs were isolated from rat bone marrow and proliferated in an appropriate medium. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells were injected intraperitoneally. Symptom severity of this disease was evaluated using the factors, such as stool consistency, fecal blood and histopathological study of colon tissue. Furthermore, the levels of myeloperoxidase, nitric oxide and inflammatory cytokines like IL1, IL6 and TNF-α were measured using ELISA technique. Results — The results showed that calcitriol-treated MSCs, significantly reduced the production of inflammatory cytokines including IL-1 (150.22±29.04)(P<0.01), IL-6 (681±56.20)(P<0.01), TNF-α (53.07±11.30)(P<0.01) and significantly decrease in level of NO (12.86±5.65)(P<0.01), MPO (0.175±0.024)(P<0.01) and the destruction of intestinal crypts compared to the control group (P<0.05). Conclusions — It seems that using calcitriol with MSCs has reduced the symptoms of UC in our experimental model. Due to their ease of isolation and expansion, MSCs can be used as an adjunctive therapy to improve the condition of patients with UC colitis.
{"title":"Anti-Inflammatory Effects Of Calcitriol-Treated Mesenchymal Stem Cells On Experimental Ulcerative Colitis","authors":"Hossein Abdi, H. Ghaleh, B. Kondori, B. Motlagh","doi":"10.15275/rusomj.2021.0419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15275/rusomj.2021.0419","url":null,"abstract":"Objective — Ulcerative colitis is an inflammatory bowel disease usually affecting the innermost lining of the colon and rectum. Both corticosteroids and anti-inflammatory drugs are administrated as medical treatment for UC. However, these drugs, in addition to chemical side effects, impose exorbitant costs on patients. Therefore, extensive studies are underway to find new treatment approaches. This study aims to determine the effect of calcitriol-treated mesenchymal stem cells in the UC treatment. Material and Methods — This experimental study was performed on 50 Wistar rats with inducing ulcerative colitis model by 4% acetic acid. MSCs were isolated from rat bone marrow and proliferated in an appropriate medium. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells were injected intraperitoneally. Symptom severity of this disease was evaluated using the factors, such as stool consistency, fecal blood and histopathological study of colon tissue. Furthermore, the levels of myeloperoxidase, nitric oxide and inflammatory cytokines like IL1, IL6 and TNF-α were measured using ELISA technique. Results — The results showed that calcitriol-treated MSCs, significantly reduced the production of inflammatory cytokines including IL-1 (150.22±29.04)(P<0.01), IL-6 (681±56.20)(P<0.01), TNF-α (53.07±11.30)(P<0.01) and significantly decrease in level of NO (12.86±5.65)(P<0.01), MPO (0.175±0.024)(P<0.01) and the destruction of intestinal crypts compared to the control group (P<0.05). Conclusions — It seems that using calcitriol with MSCs has reduced the symptoms of UC in our experimental model. Due to their ease of isolation and expansion, MSCs can be used as an adjunctive therapy to improve the condition of patients with UC colitis.","PeriodicalId":21426,"journal":{"name":"Russian Open Medical Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43815149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-30DOI: 10.15275/rusomj.2021.0412
Lusiani Tjandra, B. Setiawan, Kartika Ishartadiati, S. L. Utami, Jimmy Hadi Widjaja
Background and Objective — Tempe (fermented soybean) has the potential as an affordable nutritional support alternative during tuberculosis (TB) infection. The purpose of the study was to assess the efficacy of supplementation with the ethanolic extract of Tempe on the oxidative stress markers alleviation and histological changes in male Wistar rats infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Material and Methods — Thirty-five male Wistar rats were divided randomly into five groups and infected by Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain H37RV intratracheally. Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and Thiobarbituric Acid Reaction (TBARS) levels were assessed using a colorimetric method while C-reactive protein (CRP) was measured by Elisa method. The lung damage was scored using histopathological parameters. Results — There were no significant differences in the TBARS levels and CRP concentrations compared to control. Tempe extract increased the TAC level at 200 (p=0.011), 400 (p=0.027), and 800 (p=0.029) kg/body weight concentrations compared to control. Perivasculitis and alveolitis mean scores were lower (p<0.05) than control in all supplement groups. Additionally, the mean scores of peribronchiolitis among supplementation groups were decreased (p<0.05) in the 200 and 800 mg/kg body weight, while the granuloma mean score was lower in the 800 mg/kg body weight compared to control. Conclusions — Tempe extract may have a weak efficacy in improving the antioxidant capacity and lung histological condition in TB rat models.
{"title":"The Effects Of Tempe Extract On The Oxidative Stress Marker And Lung Pathology In Tuberculosis Wistar Rat","authors":"Lusiani Tjandra, B. Setiawan, Kartika Ishartadiati, S. L. Utami, Jimmy Hadi Widjaja","doi":"10.15275/rusomj.2021.0412","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15275/rusomj.2021.0412","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objective — Tempe (fermented soybean) has the potential as an affordable nutritional support alternative during tuberculosis (TB) infection. The purpose of the study was to assess the efficacy of supplementation with the ethanolic extract of Tempe on the oxidative stress markers alleviation and histological changes in male Wistar rats infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Material and Methods — Thirty-five male Wistar rats were divided randomly into five groups and infected by Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain H37RV intratracheally. Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and Thiobarbituric Acid Reaction (TBARS) levels were assessed using a colorimetric method while C-reactive protein (CRP) was measured by Elisa method. The lung damage was scored using histopathological parameters. Results — There were no significant differences in the TBARS levels and CRP concentrations compared to control. Tempe extract increased the TAC level at 200 (p=0.011), 400 (p=0.027), and 800 (p=0.029) kg/body weight concentrations compared to control. Perivasculitis and alveolitis mean scores were lower (p<0.05) than control in all supplement groups. Additionally, the mean scores of peribronchiolitis among supplementation groups were decreased (p<0.05) in the 200 and 800 mg/kg body weight, while the granuloma mean score was lower in the 800 mg/kg body weight compared to control. Conclusions — Tempe extract may have a weak efficacy in improving the antioxidant capacity and lung histological condition in TB rat models.","PeriodicalId":21426,"journal":{"name":"Russian Open Medical Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47434078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-30DOI: 10.15275/rusomj.2021.0423
Eugenia O. Krivkina, E. Velikanova, E. A. Senokosova, M. Khanova, T. V. Glushkova, L. Antonova, L. Barbarash
Anti-thrombogenic and antimicrobial coatings of polymer grafts constitute a promising approach to preventing infection and thrombosis of vascular grafts. The objective was to study the hemocompatibility and cytotoxicity of PHBV/PCL grafts with iloprost and amphiphilic coating. Material and Methods — Polymer matrices were manufactured by electrospinning a mixture of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) and poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) polymers. Several matrices were modified by complexation between polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and cationic amphiphile and/or iloprost. The amphiphile was covalently cross-linked to the surface of other PHBV/PCL matrices. Unmodified PHBV/PCL matrices were used as the control group. Hemocompatibility and cytotoxicity of scaffolds before and after the modification were evaluated. Results — The hemocompatibility assessment revealed that hemolysis degree did not exceed normal values in all types of matrices. The PHBV/PCL/PVP matrices had increased platelet aggregation on the surface of the grafts. Subsequent addition of iloprost and amphiphile resulted in a sevenfold reduction of platelet aggregation. In PHBV/PCL/PVP matrices, the degree of platelet adhesion increased without changing the platelet deformation index values. Iloprost and amphiphilic coating of PHBV/PCL/PVP matrices diminished the number of adhered platelets and platelet deformation index by 1.5 times. The amphiphile, covalently cross-linked to PHBV/PCL matrices, caused a negative effect on the platelet adhesion, aggregation, and deformation index values. Evaluation of cytotoxicity of PHBV/PCL/PVP matrices, coated with iloprost and/or cationic amphiphile, demonstrated a slight decline in the rates of cell growth and proliferation after three days. Moreover, after three days, cell deaths and a sharp drop in the cell index values were noted in PHBV/PCL matrices with covalently cross-linked amphiphile. Conclusion — Iloprost and amphiphilic coating of PHBV/PCL grafts has increased their hemocompatibility. Also, there were no signs of cytotoxicity while using the complexation technique. However, covalently cross-linked amphiphile caused an increase in the cytotoxicity of matrices, which may have been indicative of the negative effect observed in this type of surface modification.
{"title":"Hemocompatibility And Cytotoxicity Of Small-Diameter Bioabsorbable Tissue-Engineered Vascular Grafts Depending On Anti-Thrombogenic And Antimicrobial Coating","authors":"Eugenia O. Krivkina, E. Velikanova, E. A. Senokosova, M. Khanova, T. V. Glushkova, L. Antonova, L. Barbarash","doi":"10.15275/rusomj.2021.0423","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15275/rusomj.2021.0423","url":null,"abstract":"Anti-thrombogenic and antimicrobial coatings of polymer grafts constitute a promising approach to preventing infection and thrombosis of vascular grafts. The objective was to study the hemocompatibility and cytotoxicity of PHBV/PCL grafts with iloprost and amphiphilic coating. Material and Methods — Polymer matrices were manufactured by electrospinning a mixture of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) and poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) polymers. Several matrices were modified by complexation between polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and cationic amphiphile and/or iloprost. The amphiphile was covalently cross-linked to the surface of other PHBV/PCL matrices. Unmodified PHBV/PCL matrices were used as the control group. Hemocompatibility and cytotoxicity of scaffolds before and after the modification were evaluated. Results — The hemocompatibility assessment revealed that hemolysis degree did not exceed normal values in all types of matrices. The PHBV/PCL/PVP matrices had increased platelet aggregation on the surface of the grafts. Subsequent addition of iloprost and amphiphile resulted in a sevenfold reduction of platelet aggregation. In PHBV/PCL/PVP matrices, the degree of platelet adhesion increased without changing the platelet deformation index values. Iloprost and amphiphilic coating of PHBV/PCL/PVP matrices diminished the number of adhered platelets and platelet deformation index by 1.5 times. The amphiphile, covalently cross-linked to PHBV/PCL matrices, caused a negative effect on the platelet adhesion, aggregation, and deformation index values. Evaluation of cytotoxicity of PHBV/PCL/PVP matrices, coated with iloprost and/or cationic amphiphile, demonstrated a slight decline in the rates of cell growth and proliferation after three days. Moreover, after three days, cell deaths and a sharp drop in the cell index values were noted in PHBV/PCL matrices with covalently cross-linked amphiphile. Conclusion — Iloprost and amphiphilic coating of PHBV/PCL grafts has increased their hemocompatibility. Also, there were no signs of cytotoxicity while using the complexation technique. However, covalently cross-linked amphiphile caused an increase in the cytotoxicity of matrices, which may have been indicative of the negative effect observed in this type of surface modification.","PeriodicalId":21426,"journal":{"name":"Russian Open Medical Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45578482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-30DOI: 10.15275/rusomj.2021.0420
Purwoko, M. Thamrin, Rio Rusman
Background — Most malignancy patients that undergo radiotherapy with or without chemotherapy, especially those with malignancy of the pelvic region, are accompanied by hypoalbuminemia and kidney injury. Human albumin has been shown to have nephroprotective effects. Snakehead fish extract, a consumable source of albumin, can be an effective and cheap alternative to reduce the risk of kidney injury in malignancy patients. Objective — Analyze the effect of snakehead fish extract on urea, creatinine, and albumin serum levels in radiotherapy patients. Material and Methods — This study was conducted on patients undergoing radiotherapy. They were divided into two groups, each consisting of 15 patients; the control group was given a placebo and the experimental group was given snakehead fish extract. Albumin, urea, and creatinine serum levels were determined respectively by the bromocresol green method, urease method, and jaffe method, both before and after treatment. All data were analyzed using SPSS 22.0. Results — The serum albumin level decreased in both groups. While it dropped further in the treatment group than in the control group, the difference was not significant. Urea and creatinine serum levels decreased in the experimental group and increased in the control group. Once more, however, this difference was not statistically significant. Conclusion — The administration of snakehead fish extract had no significant effect on albumin, urea, or creatinine serum levels in patients undergoing radiotherapy.
{"title":"Effect Of Snakehead Fish Extract On Kidney Function In Patients Undergoing Radiotherapy","authors":"Purwoko, M. Thamrin, Rio Rusman","doi":"10.15275/rusomj.2021.0420","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15275/rusomj.2021.0420","url":null,"abstract":"Background — Most malignancy patients that undergo radiotherapy with or without chemotherapy, especially those with malignancy of the pelvic region, are accompanied by hypoalbuminemia and kidney injury. Human albumin has been shown to have nephroprotective effects. Snakehead fish extract, a consumable source of albumin, can be an effective and cheap alternative to reduce the risk of kidney injury in malignancy patients. Objective — Analyze the effect of snakehead fish extract on urea, creatinine, and albumin serum levels in radiotherapy patients. Material and Methods — This study was conducted on patients undergoing radiotherapy. They were divided into two groups, each consisting of 15 patients; the control group was given a placebo and the experimental group was given snakehead fish extract. Albumin, urea, and creatinine serum levels were determined respectively by the bromocresol green method, urease method, and jaffe method, both before and after treatment. All data were analyzed using SPSS 22.0. Results — The serum albumin level decreased in both groups. While it dropped further in the treatment group than in the control group, the difference was not significant. Urea and creatinine serum levels decreased in the experimental group and increased in the control group. Once more, however, this difference was not statistically significant. Conclusion — The administration of snakehead fish extract had no significant effect on albumin, urea, or creatinine serum levels in patients undergoing radiotherapy.","PeriodicalId":21426,"journal":{"name":"Russian Open Medical Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42334299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-30DOI: 10.15275/rusomj.2021.0402
T. Morgunova, E. S. Maloletkina, I. I. Amergulov, I. Glinkina, M. Pavlova, V. Fadeyev
The article is dedicated to a clinical case of the panhypopituitarism development in a patient with HIV infection receiving antiretroviral therapy. The number of HIV-infected patients worldwide has increased significantly over the past decades. The introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy into practice has significantly improved the prognosis for these patients. At the same time, the use of this therapy type is associated with a number of complications – in particular, with the development of the immune restoration syndrome. In addition, cases of endocrine dysfunction are described in many publications. Timely diagnosis and treatment of endocrine disorders would help avoiding complications caused by excess or deficiency of hormones.
{"title":"Panhypopituitarism In HIV Patient Receiving Antiretroviral Therapy","authors":"T. Morgunova, E. S. Maloletkina, I. I. Amergulov, I. Glinkina, M. Pavlova, V. Fadeyev","doi":"10.15275/rusomj.2021.0402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15275/rusomj.2021.0402","url":null,"abstract":"The article is dedicated to a clinical case of the panhypopituitarism development in a patient with HIV infection receiving antiretroviral therapy. The number of HIV-infected patients worldwide has increased significantly over the past decades. The introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy into practice has significantly improved the prognosis for these patients. At the same time, the use of this therapy type is associated with a number of complications – in particular, with the development of the immune restoration syndrome. In addition, cases of endocrine dysfunction are described in many publications. Timely diagnosis and treatment of endocrine disorders would help avoiding complications caused by excess or deficiency of hormones.","PeriodicalId":21426,"journal":{"name":"Russian Open Medical Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47418607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-30DOI: 10.15275/rusomj.2021.0424
V. S. Tolkachev, S. Bazhanov, O. Matveeva, G. Korshunova, S. D. Shuvalov, V. Ul'yanov, V. Ostrovskij
Objective — To investigate the extent of degenerative changes in neurons of spinal ganglion and segmental apparatus in various injuries to sciatic nerve in the experiment on white rats. Material and Methods — The research involved 40 white non-pedigree male rats distributed among four groups. The animals of Group 1 (n=10) underwent the compression of nerve trunks with Mosquito clamp forceps for 15 minutes. In Group 2 (n=10), the animals had their nerve trunks ligated; and in Group 3, they had their nerves completely transected in their middle thirds. The separate group of control animals (n=10) suffered no damage to their sciatic nerves. Spinal cords and spinal ganglia at L4-L6 level were the material for histopathological examination. We calculated the number (percent) of degenerated neurons in spinal cords and spinal ganglia at the affected sides on Day 30, and compared them to those at the intact sides. Results — The number (percent) of degenerated neurons in spinal cord and spinal ganglion, expressed as Me (Q1; Q2), constituted 2.52% (1.92; 2.74) and 3.75% (2.37; 4.74) in Group 1, 9.27% (9.03; 9.94) and 16.74% (16.01; 18.22) in Group 2, 25.59% (24.36; 26.29) and 31.94% (31.44; 33.03) in Group 3, respectively. Depending on the number (percent) of degenerated neurons, we classified three grades of change manifestation: mild (Group 1), medium (Group 2), and severe (Group 3). No degenerated neurons were found in the control animals. Conclusion — The compression, ischemic exposure on the sciatic nerve, and complete anatomical transection of its trunk resulted in Wallerian degeneration, as well as degeneration of segmental apparatus in spinal cord neurons.
{"title":"Degeneration Of Spinal Ganglion And Segmental Apparatus Of The Spinal Neurons In Sciatic Nerve Injury: An Experimental Study","authors":"V. S. Tolkachev, S. Bazhanov, O. Matveeva, G. Korshunova, S. D. Shuvalov, V. Ul'yanov, V. Ostrovskij","doi":"10.15275/rusomj.2021.0424","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15275/rusomj.2021.0424","url":null,"abstract":"Objective — To investigate the extent of degenerative changes in neurons of spinal ganglion and segmental apparatus in various injuries to sciatic nerve in the experiment on white rats. Material and Methods — The research involved 40 white non-pedigree male rats distributed among four groups. The animals of Group 1 (n=10) underwent the compression of nerve trunks with Mosquito clamp forceps for 15 minutes. In Group 2 (n=10), the animals had their nerve trunks ligated; and in Group 3, they had their nerves completely transected in their middle thirds. The separate group of control animals (n=10) suffered no damage to their sciatic nerves. Spinal cords and spinal ganglia at L4-L6 level were the material for histopathological examination. We calculated the number (percent) of degenerated neurons in spinal cords and spinal ganglia at the affected sides on Day 30, and compared them to those at the intact sides. Results — The number (percent) of degenerated neurons in spinal cord and spinal ganglion, expressed as Me (Q1; Q2), constituted 2.52% (1.92; 2.74) and 3.75% (2.37; 4.74) in Group 1, 9.27% (9.03; 9.94) and 16.74% (16.01; 18.22) in Group 2, 25.59% (24.36; 26.29) and 31.94% (31.44; 33.03) in Group 3, respectively. Depending on the number (percent) of degenerated neurons, we classified three grades of change manifestation: mild (Group 1), medium (Group 2), and severe (Group 3). No degenerated neurons were found in the control animals. Conclusion — The compression, ischemic exposure on the sciatic nerve, and complete anatomical transection of its trunk resulted in Wallerian degeneration, as well as degeneration of segmental apparatus in spinal cord neurons.","PeriodicalId":21426,"journal":{"name":"Russian Open Medical Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48638066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-30DOI: 10.15275/rusomj.2021.0426
A. V. Gribanov, O. Kottsova, Natalia Yu. Anikina, M. Pankov, L. Startseva
Background — The study of physiological mechanisms of human acclimatization to extreme climatic conditions is an urgent task in current socioeconomic conditions of the Arctic region development. Natural cycles of seasonal adaptation based on light stimulus cause functional restructuring of the cerebral cortex and subcortical activity centers and change the activity of the autonomic nervous system. Objective — The article aims at determining the characteristics of brain energy metabolism in Arctic region residents with different autonomic tones during different seasons. Material and Methods — The first stage of our study was conducted using the computer appliance VNS-Spectrum (Neurosoft LLC, Russia) and resulted in setting up two groups: with predominance of the parasympathetic autonomic nervous system (26 subjects) and with prevailing sympathetic autonomic nervous system (23 individuals). At the second stage, the study of the seasonal dynamics in cerebral energy processes took place (in October, December, March, and June) by means of using the five-channel diagnostic complex Neuro-KM for topographic mapping of brain electrical activity via direct current potential levels (DCPL). Results — Our results did not exhibit statistically significant gender-related differences, hence they permitted to form a single group. The results were compared with the software reference values for the norm. Conclusion — Enlarged levels of natural light prompt the activation of energy metabolism in frontal and occipital lobes of the Arctic residents’ cortex, accompanied by forming an exhaustion area in the temporal lobes. In the group of sympathotonic individuals, we revealed somewhat tense adaptation processes. Adaptation process of brain energy supply in vagotonic individuals occur less stressfully during the annual cycle.
{"title":"Impact Of Seasonal Fluctuations In Natural Light On Cerebral Metabolism In Arctic Region Residents With Different Autonomic Tones","authors":"A. V. Gribanov, O. Kottsova, Natalia Yu. Anikina, M. Pankov, L. Startseva","doi":"10.15275/rusomj.2021.0426","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15275/rusomj.2021.0426","url":null,"abstract":"Background — The study of physiological mechanisms of human acclimatization to extreme climatic conditions is an urgent task in current socioeconomic conditions of the Arctic region development. Natural cycles of seasonal adaptation based on light stimulus cause functional restructuring of the cerebral cortex and subcortical activity centers and change the activity of the autonomic nervous system. Objective — The article aims at determining the characteristics of brain energy metabolism in Arctic region residents with different autonomic tones during different seasons. Material and Methods — The first stage of our study was conducted using the computer appliance VNS-Spectrum (Neurosoft LLC, Russia) and resulted in setting up two groups: with predominance of the parasympathetic autonomic nervous system (26 subjects) and with prevailing sympathetic autonomic nervous system (23 individuals). At the second stage, the study of the seasonal dynamics in cerebral energy processes took place (in October, December, March, and June) by means of using the five-channel diagnostic complex Neuro-KM for topographic mapping of brain electrical activity via direct current potential levels (DCPL). Results — Our results did not exhibit statistically significant gender-related differences, hence they permitted to form a single group. The results were compared with the software reference values for the norm. Conclusion — Enlarged levels of natural light prompt the activation of energy metabolism in frontal and occipital lobes of the Arctic residents’ cortex, accompanied by forming an exhaustion area in the temporal lobes. In the group of sympathotonic individuals, we revealed somewhat tense adaptation processes. Adaptation process of brain energy supply in vagotonic individuals occur less stressfully during the annual cycle.","PeriodicalId":21426,"journal":{"name":"Russian Open Medical Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43508121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-30DOI: 10.15275/rusomj.2021.0421
M. Makarova, M. Valkov, L. A. Kuznetsova
Objective — To compare the mental component of the quality of life (QOL) in patients with stages 0-2 of knee osteoarthritis (OA) sensu Kellgren-Lawrence after treatment either with symptomatic slow-acting drugs for osteoarthritis (SYSADOA) and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), or with SYSADOA, NSAIDs and orthovoltage radiotherapy (OVRT), in an open randomized study, using the SF-36 questionnaire. Material and Methods — The patients were randomly assigned to two groups: SYSADOA and SYSADOA+OVRT. Patients were asked to fill out the SF-36 questionnaire. The results were presented in the form of a mean of scores on each of four QOL survey sections for both groups at five time points: before and immediately after the treatment, at 6 months, 12 months and 36 months. Results — The groups were similar in their baselines characteristics (age, gender, body mass index [BMI], pain syndrome duration). Being initially equal, QOL improved by the end of treatment in both groups with statistically significantly greater improvement after OVRT. Further on, the QOL indicators in the OVRT group kept increasing, peaking at 12 months for social role functioning (SRF), emotional role functioning (ERF) and vitality (V), and at 36 months for mental health (MH). In contrast, the patients of SYSADOA/NSAIDs group were experiencing a decrease in their mental component over the analyzed period of time, and the levels of three out of four indicators at 36 months were even lower than their initial values. Conclusion — Adding OVRT to the standard SYSADOA/NSAIDs treatment for knee OA of stages 0-2 ensured improved mental well-being of patients for at least three years.
{"title":"Mental Well-Being Of Patients With Stages 0-2 Of Knee Osteoarthritis After Orthovoltage Radiotherapy: Open Randomized Trial Evaluating Quality Of Life","authors":"M. Makarova, M. Valkov, L. A. Kuznetsova","doi":"10.15275/rusomj.2021.0421","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15275/rusomj.2021.0421","url":null,"abstract":"Objective — To compare the mental component of the quality of life (QOL) in patients with stages 0-2 of knee osteoarthritis (OA) sensu Kellgren-Lawrence after treatment either with symptomatic slow-acting drugs for osteoarthritis (SYSADOA) and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), or with SYSADOA, NSAIDs and orthovoltage radiotherapy (OVRT), in an open randomized study, using the SF-36 questionnaire. Material and Methods — The patients were randomly assigned to two groups: SYSADOA and SYSADOA+OVRT. Patients were asked to fill out the SF-36 questionnaire. The results were presented in the form of a mean of scores on each of four QOL survey sections for both groups at five time points: before and immediately after the treatment, at 6 months, 12 months and 36 months. Results — The groups were similar in their baselines characteristics (age, gender, body mass index [BMI], pain syndrome duration). Being initially equal, QOL improved by the end of treatment in both groups with statistically significantly greater improvement after OVRT. Further on, the QOL indicators in the OVRT group kept increasing, peaking at 12 months for social role functioning (SRF), emotional role functioning (ERF) and vitality (V), and at 36 months for mental health (MH). In contrast, the patients of SYSADOA/NSAIDs group were experiencing a decrease in their mental component over the analyzed period of time, and the levels of three out of four indicators at 36 months were even lower than their initial values. Conclusion — Adding OVRT to the standard SYSADOA/NSAIDs treatment for knee OA of stages 0-2 ensured improved mental well-being of patients for at least three years.","PeriodicalId":21426,"journal":{"name":"Russian Open Medical Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45604191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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