Rinsho byori. The Japanese journal of clinical pathology最新文献

In this study, we investigated the correlations of values of biochemical and hematological tests obtained using microliter-scale fingertip blood samples collected with a newly developed blood collection device with those using conventional venous blood. Eighty volunteer subjects were enrolled in the study. Blood sam- ples were drawn from the fingertip of the ring finger by a single puncture and 60 μL of each sample was promptly and accurately aspirated into a blood collection chip. Then the chip was tightly sealed with chip container and was shaken to mix the contents without dispersing. For biochemical tests except of HbAlc, blood was collected without anticoagulant and centrifuged to obtain 15 μL of serum which was then diluted with 190 pL of physiological saline for the assay. For hematological tests and HbAlc, the sample was as- sayed with blood collected using EDTA-2K. As a result, a good correlation of the test values was obtained between the assay with fingertip blood and that with venous blood. The correlation coefficients were found to be 0.97 in TG, T-CHO, HDL-C, LDL-C, GLU, ALT, γ-GTP, UA, BUN and HbAlc and ≥ 0.95 for WBC, RBC, Hgb, and Hct. These results suggest that our microliter-scale blood testing can be comparable to the assay using venous blood and may be useful as a rapid and simple test for determination of basic clinical tests near the reference intervals. [Original].

It may not be common for laboratory tests to be employed immediately after a disaster in front-line healthcare settings. However, this is not because laboratory tests are not needed in post-disaster healthcare settings, but because the implementation of triage, which prioritizes the saving of lives, is the initial aim of a Disaster Medical Assistance Team (DMAT). Disaster response ability has been reported to be exerted according to the level of experience. After the Great East Japan earthquake, by the cooperation of related societies and organizations, diagnostic reagents and instruments were supplied to 3 core university hospitals in the affected areas, contributing to building a system whereby necessary medical items could be obtained in three affected Prefectures of the Tohoku region. We should always remember that front-line medical care activities in affected areas are possible due to the backup provided by logistic support teams. The more the system for DMAT is improved, the more effective the support system will be after the super-acute phase of a disaster. [Review].

Nearly one-half of all hematopoietic progenitor cell transplantation (HCT) procedures involve recipient- donor ABO incompatibility. ABO-incompatible HCT places the recipient at an increased risk of acute and delayed hemolytic reactions, delayed RBC engraftment, and pure red blood cell aplasia. Additionally, clinical and laboratory evaluations for potential non-ABO, minor RBC antigen-antibody discrepancies may be benefi- cial to facilitate safe transfusions before, during, and after transplantation. It is important for medical tech- nologists to play a role in ABO-incompatible HCT as members of the medical team. Medical technologists should obtain accurate laboratory data and analyze the outcomes in patients receiving ABO-incompatible HCT.

In the Japanese Society of Laboratory Medicine, we publish guidelines as part of the societies activities and conduct revisions every three years. The current version "guidelines of laboratory medicine JSLM 2015" was published at the time of an academic meeting in 2015. The overall constitution is Chapter 1: Inspection approach, Chapter 2: Symptoms, and Chapter 3: Diseases, and the first chapter is the most unique part of these guidelines. Although this constitution has changed little since the 2012 version, the contents of each part cover most of the announcements from the different medical societies concerned and are updated. The guidelines were evaluated and criticized by various users from the point of view of how this kind of resource should be. I think that the desirable direction of these guidelines is to effectively identify the part for "a medical student, medical education" and the part for "the reference of medical tests outside one's specialty", while expanding the part of medical treatment guidelines consistent with EBM. [Review].

In recent years, Japan has been hit by natural disasters such as earthquakes, typhoons, torrential rains, and heavy snow every year without exception. When such disasters occur, human lives are put at risk. These emergency situations are an unrivaled sphere of activity for physicians, nurses, and emergency life-saving technicians, and the need for these workers becomes the focus of society; however, for advanced rescue in the acute phase of disasters and to prevent disease onset in the chronic phase, clinical laboratory tests are expected to play a major role in developing more accurate diagnoses and promoting prompt medical care. In this paper, I examine whether clinical laboratory tests are beneficial for practicing disaster medicine.